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Objective. To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with unstable angina (UA) who received elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) hospital and to analyze the related risk factors of periprocedural myocardial injury (PMI). Methods. On the basis of cross-sectional investigation, the case-control method was adopted. We retrospectively collected clinical data of patients with UA who successfully received elective PCI in Beijing Hospital of TCM from February 2017 to February 2019. Based on the occurrence of PMI, the case-control was formed. The influence of related factors on PMI occurrence was analyzed using the logistic multiple regression equation based on the parameters between the comparison groups. Results. 1. Incidence of PMI and related clinical features: Of the 265 UA patients, the incidence of PMI was 26.4%, nearly one quarter (23.4%) had old myocardial infarction, nearly half (45.3%) had previously received coronary intervention. The prevalence of patients with previous hypertension (75.8%), type 2 diabetes (57%), and high-low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia (69.3%) exceeded 50%, more than 50% of the patients have triple-vessel disease (50.2%). 2. Features of TCM syndrome elements: The main TCM syndromes of the investigated patients are blood stasis syndrome (81.1%) and Qi deficiency syndrome (77.3%), the others include Phlegm turbidity syndrome (53.2%), Yang deficiency syndrome (50.9%), Yin deficiency syndrome (50.1%), Qi stagnation syndrome (30.1%), and coagulated cold syndrome (17.1%). 3. Factors of PMI occurrence: According to the occurrence of PMI, 265 patients were divided into PMI group (n = 70) and non-PMI group (n = 195). The comparison between groups shows that the preoperative SYNTAX score, the number of stents, and the total length of stents of the patients in the PMI group were higher than those in the non-PMI group ( P < 0.05 ); the patients in the PMI group treated by Shen-Yuan-Dan (SYD), a Chinese medicine prescription with Qi-supplementing and blood stasis-purging, were significantly lower than those in the non-PMI group ( P < 0.05 ). Brought these four factors (preoperative SYNTAX score, number of stents implanted, total length of implanted stents, and treated by SYD) into the binary logistic regression equation, those who were only treated by SYD have statistical significance in the equation as a protective factor (OR 0.327, 95% CI 0.117–0.916, P = 0.033 ). Conclusion. Patients with UA who received elective PCI in TCM institutions may have clinical characteristics including multiple accompanying diseases and high stenosis coronary artery, in which the incidence of poor blood glucose control and high rate of three-vessel coronary disease are particularly significant. The TCM syndromes are mainly Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndromes. The decrease of PMI may be attributed to the application of SYD in the real world. This trial is registered at ChiCTR2100043465.

This study aims to analyze the outcome indicators of randomized controlled trial(RCT) on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) intervention of sepsis-induced myocardial injury(SIMI) in recent five years, which is expected to lay a basis for the construction of core outcome set(COS) for this disease treated by TCM. To be specific, RCT on the treatment of SIMI with TCM was retrieved from 4 Chinese databases, 3 English databases, and 2 clinical trial protocol registries. The quality of the included studies was evaluated with Cochrane risk-of-bias(ROB) tool, and the outcome indicators were analyzed. Finally, 42 RCTs were included, of which 2 were clinical trial registration schemes. The study found that 42 RCTs had a high risk of bias, and reported a total of 86 indicators inquot;clinical effective rate, disease severity, TCM syndrome score, inflammation, myocardium, cardiac structure and hemodynamics, electrocardiogram, immunology, metabolism and liver and kidney function, and safetyquot;. Outcome indicators on myocardium had the highest emergence frequency, followed by indicators on the cardiac structure and hemodynamics. A total of 8 RCTs reported TCM syndrome scores. Further analysis suggested the following problems in the selection of outcome indicators in the RCTs on TCM intervention of SIMI: no classification of primary and secondary indicators, disregard of endpoint indicators, irrational selection of alternative indicators, neglection of TCM characteristics, no assessment of patients' immune status, and no emphasis on economic indicators and safety indicators. Therefore, according to the recommendations of the core outcome measures in effectiveness trials(COMET) working group, a COS for TCM intervention of TCM for SIMI should be developed, so as to facilitate clinical researchers to select appropriate outcome indicators, the combination of conclusions of similar clinical studies, and the promotion of TCM interventions.

It is widely accepted that redox reprogramming participates in malignant transformation of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the source of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the downstream signaling regulatory mechanism are complicated and unintelligible. In the current study, we newly identified the aquaporin 3 (AQP3) as a LUAD oncogenic factor with capacity to transport exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and increase intracellular ROS levels. Subsequently, we demonstrated that AQP3 was necessary for the facilitated diffusion of exogenous H2O2 in LUAD cells and that the AQP3‐dependent transport of H2O2 accelerated cell growth and inhibited rapamycin‐induced autophagy. Mechanistically, AQP3‐mediated H2O2 uptake increased intracellular ROS levels to inactivate PTEN and activate the AKT/mTOR pathway to subsequently inhibit autophagy and promote proliferation in LUAD cells. Finally, we suggested that AQP3 depletion retarded subcutaneous tumorigenesis in vivo and simultaneously decreased ROS levels and promoted autophagy. These findings underscore the importance of AQP3‐induced oxidative stress in malignant transformation and suggest a therapeutic target for LUAD., Aquaporin 3 (AQP3) is a lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) oncogene with the capacity to transport exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and increase intracellular ROS levels. The devitalized oxidation of PTEN by AQP3‐transported H2O2 induces the hyperactivation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway to subsequently inhibit autophagy and promote proliferation in LUAD cells.

Left thoracic approach (LTA) has been a favorable selection in surgical treatment for esophageal cancer (EC) patients in China before minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) is popular. This study aimed to demonstrate whether right thoracic approach (RTA) is superior to LTA in the surgical treatment of middle and lower thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (TESCC).Superiority clinical trial design was used for this multicenter randomized controlled two-parallel group study. Between April 2015 and December 2018, cT1b-3N0-1M0 TESCC patients from 14 centers were recruited and randomized by a central stratified block randomization program into LTA or RTA groups. All enrolled patients were followed up every three months after surgery. The software SPSS 20.0 and R 3.6.2. were used for statistical analysis. Efficacy and safety outcomes, 3-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were calculated and compared using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test.A total of 861 patients without suspected upper mediastinal lymph nodes (umLN) were finally enrolled in the study after 95 ineligible patients were excluded. 833 cases (98.7%) were successfully followed up until June 1, 2020. Esophagectomies were performed via LTA in 453 cases, and via RTA in 408 cases. Compared with the LTA group, the RTA group required longer operating time (274.48±78.92Esophagectomies via both LTA and RTA can achieve similar outcomes in middle or lower TESCC patients without suspected umLN. RTA is superior to LTA and recommended for the surgical treatment of more advanced stage TESCC due to more complete lymphadenectomy.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02448979.

Platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard first-line treatment for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In this phase 3 study (ClinicalTrial.gov: NCT03829969), 514 patients with treatment-naïve advanced ESCC were randomized (1:1) to receive toripalimab or placebo in combination with paclitaxel plus cisplatin (TP) every 3 weeks for up to 6 cycles, followed by toripalimab or placebo maintenance. At the prespecified final analysis of progression-free survival (PFS), a significant improvement in PFS is observed for the toripalimab arm over the placebo arm (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.58; 95% CI, 0.46-0.74; p 0.0001). The prespecified interim analysis of overall survival (OS) also reveals a significant OS improvement for patients treated with toripalimab plus TP over placebo plus TP (HR = 0.58; 95% CI, 0.43-0.78; p = 0.0004). The incidences of grade ≥3 treatment-emergent adverse events are similar between the two arms. Toripalimab plus TP significantly improves PFS and OS in patients with treatment-naïve, advanced ESCC, with a manageable safety profile.

Metabolite‐protein interactions (MPIs) play key roles in cancer metabolism. However, our current knowledge about MPIs in cancers remains limited due to the complexity of cancer cells. Herein, the authors construct an integrative MPI network and propose a MPI network based hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) subtyping and mechanism exploration workflow. Based on the expressions of hub proteins on the MPI network, two prognosis‐distinctive HCC subtypes are identified. Meanwhile, multiple interdependent features of the poor prognostic subtype are observed, including hypoxia, DNA hypermethylation of metabolic pathways, fatty acid accumulation, immune pathway up‐regulation, and exhausted T‐cell infiltration. Notably, the immune pathway up‐regulation is probably induced by accumulated unsaturated fatty acids which are predicted to interact with multiple immune regulators like SRC and TGFB1. Moreover, based on tumor microenvironment compositions, the poor prognostic subtype is further divided into two sub‐populations showing remarkable differences in metabolism. The subtyping shows a strong consistency across multiple HCC cohorts including early‐stage HCC. Overall, the authors redefine robust HCC prognosis subtypes and identify potential MPIs linking metabolism to immune regulations, thus promoting understanding and clinical applications about HCC metabolism heterogeneity., The authors construct an integrative metabolite‐protein interaction (MPI) network and develop a MPI prediction model. The MPI network helps redefine robust hepatocellular carcinoma prognostic subtypes. The subtypes show remarkable differences in hypoxia, DNA methylation of metabolic enzymes, immune pathways, fatty acid accumulation as well as tumor microenvironment. Meanwhile, unsaturated fatty acids are potential links between the metabolism and immune regulations.

To evaluate the effect of Danhong Injection (, DH) on the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) and myocardial injury in patients with unstable angina undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Seventy-eight patients with unstable angina were randomly divided into DH group (39 cases) and the control group (39 cases) during elective PCI. Randomization was performed using a random-number table. The DH group received DH at a dosage of 40 mL (mixed with 250 mL saline, covered by a light-proof bag, intravenous drip) during PCI and daily for 7 consecutive days, while the control group only received the same dosage of saline. Both groups received standardized treatment. The IMR and fractional flow reserve (FFR) were measured at maximal hyperemia before and after PCI. Myocardial markers, including myoglobin, creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), and coronary troponin T (cTnT) values were measured at baseline and 24 h after PCI.Among the 78 patients enrolled, the baseline and procedural characteristics were similar between the two groups. There was no significant difference in pre-PCI myocardial markers and coronary physiological indexes between the two groups. However, post-PCI CK and CK-MB levels in the DH group were significantly lower than those in the control group (111.97 ± 80.97 vs. 165.47 ± 102.99, P=0.013; 13.08 ± 6.90 vs. 19.75 ± 15.49, P=0.016). Post-PCI myoglobin and cTNT-positive tend to be lower in the DH group than in the control group but did not reach statistical significance (88.07 ± 52.36 vs. 108.13 ± 90.94, P=0.52; 2.56% vs.7.69%, P=0.065). Compared with the control group, the post-IMR levels of the DH group tended to decrease, but there was no statistical difference (20.73 ± 13.15 vs. 26.37 ± 12.31, P=0.05). There were no statistical differences in post-FFR in both groups. The peri-procedural myocardial injury of the DH group was significantly lower than that of the control group (2.56% vs. 15.38%, P=0.025). During the 30-d follow-up period, no major adverse cardiovascular events occurred in either group.This study demonstrated benefit of DH in reducing myocardial injury and potential preserving microvascular function in patients with unstable angina undergoing elective PCI.

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the outcomes of rotational atherectomy for heavily-calcified side branches of coronary bifurcation lesions. BACKGROUND Side-branch (SB) preservation is clinically important but technically challenging in heavily-calcified non-left main true bifurcation lesions. SB rotational atherectomy (SB RA) is sometimes mandatory but the clinical outcomes are not well studied. METHODS We retrospectively studied the outcomes of patients who underwent RA at our institute for heavily calcified, balloon-uncrossable or-undilatable SB lesions over an approximately 5-year period (January 2011 to September 2016). RESULTS Two hundred and forty-four patients underwent main vessel only RA (SB-MV + RA group) and another 48 patients underwent SB RA (SB + MV ± RA group) for 49 side branches. The demographic variables were comparable between the two groups. However, patients underwent SB RA experienced more SB perforations and greater acute contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). Among the SB RA patients, 30 (62.5%) underwent RA for both SB and MV (SB + MV + RA subgroup), whereas the other 18 underwent SB only RA (SB + MV-RA subgroup). Patients in these two subgroups could be completed with similar procedural, fluoroscopic durations, and contrast doses. The long-term MACE rate of SB RA was 27.1% over a mean follow-up period of 25.1 months with no differences between the two subgroups. CONCLUSIONS RA for SB preservation in complex and heavily-calcified bifurcation lesions was feasible with high success rate and quite favorable long-term outcomes in the drug-eluting stent (DES) era. Given the higher rates in SB perforation and acute CIN, we recommend that SB RA should be conducted by experienced operators.

Detrital ilmenite and its altered minerals are common in sandstone-hosted U deposits in the northern Ordos Basin, north China. Petrographic observation, SEM-EDS, EMPA, and LA-MC-ICP-MS were utilized to characterize the spatial relationship between altered ilmenite and the U minerals, and to investigate the U enrichment mechanism and alteration processes of ilmenite. Ilmenite was completely or partially altered to leucoxene and anatase along its rim and crack in ore-bearing sandstone. Framboidal and cement pyrite of BSR and TSR origin were identified around altered ilmenite. Two U phases closely related to altered ilmenite contain Ti-coffinite (I) and coffinite (II). These data indicate that ilmenite alteration and the associated processes of U enrichment can be divided into two stages. Stage one involves U pre-enrichment and adsorption, with stage two involving U enrichment via TiO2 (leucoxene and anatase) catalytic reduction. Ilmenite was altered into porous leucoxene that can adsorb U as uraniferous leucoxene and Ti-coffinite (I) and framboidal pyrite directly by reactions with H2S, produced by sulfate-reducing bacteria during synsedimentary and early diagenesis stages. Altered ilmenite can enrich U in the form of coffinite (II) through a catalytic reduction reaction which is triggered by β and γ radiation produced by previously adsorbed U during the uplift of ore-bearing bed in the Late Cretaceous period. In addition, cement pyrite can also reduce U6+ into U4+ which deposits on its surface in the form of coffinite (II). These results demonstrate a new mechanism, mediated by adsorption and catalytic reduction, to enrich U in sandstone-hosted U deposits.

The Dongsheng uranium district, located in the northern part of the Ordos Basin, contains the largest known sandstone-hosted uranium deposit in China. This district contains (from west to east) the Daying, Nalinggou, and Dongsheng uranium deposits that host tens of thousands of metric tonnes of estimated recoverable uranium resources at an average grade of 0.05% U. These uranium orebodies are generally hosted by the lower member of the Zhiluo Formation and are dominantly roll or tabular in shape. The uranium deposits in this district formed during two stages of mineralization (as evidenced by U–Pb dating) that occurred at 65–60 and 25 Ma. Both stages generated coffinite, pitchblende, anatase, pyrite, and quartz, with or without sericite, chlorite, calcite, fluorite, and hematite. The post-Late Cretaceous uplift of the Northern Ordos Basin exposed the northern margins of the Zhiluo Formation within the Hetao depression at 65–60 Ma, introducing groundwater into the formation and generating the first stage of uranium mineralization. The Oligocene (∼25 Ma) uplift of this northern margin exposed either the entirety of the southern flank of the Hetao depression or only the clastic sedimentary part of this region, causing a second gravitational influx of groundwater into the Zhiluo Formation and forming the second stage of uranium mineralization.

AIM To introduce a two-step method for creating a gastric tube during laparoscopic-thoracoscopic Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy and assess its clinical application. METHODS One hundred and twenty-two patients with middle or lower esophageal cancer who underwent laparoscopic-thoracoscopic Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy at Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute from March 2014 to March 2016 were included in this study, and divided into two groups based on the procedure used for creating a gastric tube. One group used a two-step method for creating a gastric tube, and the other group used the conventional method. The two groups were compared regarding the operating time, surgical complications, and number of stapler cartridges used. RESULTS The mean operating time was significantly shorter in the two-step method group than in the conventional method group [238 (179-293) min vs 272 (189-347) min, P < 0.01]. No postoperative death occurred in either group. There was no significant difference in the rate of complications [14 (21.9%) vs 13 (22.4%), P = 0.55] or mean number of stapler cartridges used [5 (4-6) vs 5.2 (5-6), P = 0.007] between the two groups. CONCLUSION The two-step method for creating a gastric tube during laparoscopic-thoracoscopic Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy has the advantages of simple operation, minimal damage to the tubular stomach, and reduced use of stapler cartridges.

E3 ubiquitin ligases play a critical role in cellular mechanisms and cancer progression. F-box protein is the core component of the SKP1-cullin 1-F-box (SCF)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase and directly binds to substrates by various specific domains. According to the specific domains, F-box proteins are further classified into three sub-families: 1) F-box with leucine rich amino acid repeats (FBXL); 2) F-box with WD 40 amino acid repeats (FBXW); 3) F-box only with uncharacterized domains (FBXO). Here, we summarize the substrates of F-box proteins, discuss the important molecular mechanism and emerging role of F-box proteins especially from the perspective of cancer development and progression. These findings will shed new light on malignant tumor progression mechanisms, and suggest the potential role of F-box proteins as cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets for future cancer treatment.

Diemailing~® Kudiezi Injection( DKI) is widely used in the treatment of cerebral infarction,coronary heart disease and angina pectoris. Long-term clinical application and related research evidence showed that DKI has a good effect in improving the clinical symptoms of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However,this injection has not been included in any clinical practice guideline. It has been found that the use of DKI is in wrong way in clinical practice in recent years. Therefore,clinical experts from the field of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases nationwide are invited to compile this expert consensus in order to guide clinicians.GRADE system is used to grade the quality of evidence according to different outcomes according to degrading factors. Then it forms the recommendation or consensus suggestion through the nominal group method. The formation of expert consensus mainly considers six factors: quality of evidence,economy,efficacy,adverse reactions,patient acceptability and others. Based on these six aspects,if the evidence is sufficient,a " recommendation" supported by evidence is formed,and GRADE grid voting rule is adopted. If the evidence is insufficient,a " consensus suggestions" will be formed,using the majority voting rule. In this consensus,the clinical indications,efficacy,safety evidences and related preliminary data of DKI were systematically and comprehensively summarized in a concise and clear format,which could provide valuable reference for the clinical use of DKI. This consensus has been approved by China association of Chinese medicine which is numbered GS/CACM 202-2019.

Lung cancer is still the leading cause of malignant deaths in the world. It is of great importance to find novel functional genes for the tumorigenesis of lung cancer. We demonstrated that Rac3 could promote cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 previously. The aim of this study was to investigate the function and mechanism of Rac3 in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed in 107 lung adenocarcinoma tissues and matched non-tumor tissues. Multivariate analysis and Kaplan-Meier analysis were used to investigate the correlation between Rac3 expression and the clinical outcomes. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry analysis were employed to determine the proliferative ability, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis in H1299 and H1975 cell lines. Gene expression microarray and pathway analysis between the Rac3-siRNA group and the control group in A549 cells were performed to investigate the pathways and mechanism of Rac3 regulation. Rac3 was shown to be positively expressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissues, and the expression of Rac3 associates with longer survival in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Silencing of Rac3 significantly induced cell growth inhibition, colony formation decrease, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis of lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, which accompanied by obvious downregulation of CCND1, MYC, and TFDP1 of cell cycle pathway involving in the tumorigenesis of lung adenocarcinoma based on the gene expression microarray. In conclusion, these findings suggest that Rac3 has the potential of being a therapeutic target for lung adenocarcinoma.

// Shuang Zhao 1 , Xue-feng Yang 1 , Dao-fu Shen 1 , Yang Gao 1 , Shuai Shi 1 , Ji-cheng Wu 1 , Hong-xu Liu 2 , Hong-zhi Sun 1 , Rong-jian Su 3 , Hua-chuan Zheng 1, 3 1 Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Brain and Spinal Cord Injury of Liaoning Province, and Animal Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China 3 Life Science Institute of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, China Correspondence to: Hua-chuan Zheng, email: zheng_huachuan@hotmail.com Keywords: lung cancer, ING5, pathogenesis, aggressiveness, prognosis Received: February 06, 2016 Accepted: May 28, 2016 Published: July 09, 2016 ABSTRACT ING5 can interact with p53, thereby inhibiting cell growth and inducing apoptosis. We found that ING5 overexpression not only inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion, but also induced G2 arrest, differentiation, autophagy, apoptosis, glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration in lung cancer cells. ING5 transfection up-regulated the expression of Cdc2, ATG13, ATG14, Beclin-1, LC-3B, AIF, cytochrome c, Akt1/2/3, ADFP, PFK-1 and PDPc, while down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2, XIAP, survivin,β-catenin and HXK1. ING5 transfection desensitized cells to the chemotherapy of MG132, paclitaxel, and SAHA, which paralleled with apoptotic alteration. ING5 overexpression suppressed the xenograft tumor growth by inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis. ING5 expression level was significantly higher in normal tissue than that in lung cancer at both protein and mRNA levels. Nuclear ING5 expression was positively correlated with ki-67 expression and cytoplasmic ING5 expression. Cytoplasmic ING5 expression was positively associated with lymph node metastasis, and negatively with age, lymphatic invasion or CPP32 expression. ING5 expression was different in histological classification: squamous cell carcinoma > adenocarcinoma > large cell carcinoma > small cell carcinoma. Taken together, our data suggested that ING5 downregulation might involved in carcinogenesis, growth, and invasion of lung cancer and could be considered as a promising marker to gauge the aggressiveness of lung cancer. It might be employed as a potential target for gene therapy of lung cancer.

To explore the effectiveness of Danhong Injection () on improving microcirculatory injury after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).A randomized controlled trial was conducted and 90 patients were enrolled. A random sequence was generated using statistical analysis software. Patients with microcirculatory injuries after PCI were randomly divided into 3 groups for treatment (30 subjects in each group): Danhong Injection group: after PCI, Danghong Injections were given with intravenous administration with 40 mL twice a day for a week; statins intensive group: after PCI, atorvastatin calcium tablets were given oral medication with 80 mg once, and then atorvastatin 40 mg daily for 1 week; the control group: after PCI, atorvastatin calcium tablets were given oral medication with 10-20 mg daily for 1 week. The index of microcirculation resistance (IMR) was used to assess microcirculatory injury during PCI. The IMR of the target vessel was reexamined after 1 week of drug treatment.After one week's drug treatment, IMR was significantly decreased in both statins intensive group and Danhong Injection group compared with the control group (P0.01), but no difference was found between statins intensive group and Danhong injection group (14.03 ± 2.54 vs. 16.03 ± 5.72 U, P=0.080).The efficacy of Danhong Injection is non-inferior to statin. Early use of Danhong Injection after PCI can effectively improve coronary microcirculation injury after PCI.

SummaryBackgroundTo systematically assess the current clinical evidence of Zhigancao (ZGC) Decoction for premature ventricular contractions (PVCs).Search strategyPubMed, the Cochrane Center Controlled Trials Register, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and Wanfang Med Online Database were searched until June 2014. We included randomized clinical trials testing ZGC Decoction against anti-arrhythmic drugs, ZGC Decoction combined with anti-arrhythmic drugs versus anti-arrhythmic drugs alone. Study selection, data extraction, quality assessment, and data analyses were conducted according to the Cochrane standards. A meta-analysis of improving total effects and reducing number of ventricular premature beats was performed to evaluate the effects of ZGC Decoction on PVCs.ResultsA total of 25 studies (involving 2441 patients) were included. The methodological quality of the included trials was evaluated as generally low. The results of the meta-analysis showed that ZGC Decoction combined with anti-arrhythmic drugs had significant effect on improving total effects (RR: 1.30 [1.22, 1.38]; P

Objective: To confi rm the effi cacy and safety of Wufuxinnaoqing Soft Capsule (五福心脑清胶囊, : To confi rm the effi cacy and safety of Wufuxinnaoqing Soft Capsule (五福心脑清胶囊, WSC) in the treatment of chronic stable angina (blood stasis syndrome). WSC) in the treatment of chronic stable angina (blood stasis syndrome). Methods: A multicenter, randomized, : A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with superiority test was designed. A total of 240 patients with chronic stable double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with superiority test was designed. A total of 240 patients with chronic stable angina (blood stasis syndrome) from multiple centers were randomly and equally assigned to the treatment angina (blood stasis syndrome) from multiple centers were randomly and equally assigned to the treatment group and the control group. Based on standard treatment of Western medicine, the treatment group was given group and the control group. Based on standard treatment of Western medicine, the treatment group was given WSC, while the control group was given WSC mimetic, both for 12 weeks. Observed indicators included the WSC, while the control group was given WSC mimetic, both for 12 weeks. Observed indicators included the effi cacy in angina, the effi cacy in Chinese medicine syndrome, the withdrawal or reduce rate of nitroglycerin effi cacy in angina, the effi cacy in Chinese medicine syndrome, the withdrawal or reduce rate of nitroglycerin and routine safety indices. and routine safety indices. Results: After 12-week treatment, the signifi cant effective rate and total effective rate : After 12-week treatment, the signifi cant effective rate and total effective rate of the treatment group were signifi cantly better than those of the control group (23.5% of the treatment group were signifi cantly better than those of the control group (23.5% vs. 9.2%, 64.7% . 9.2%, 64.7% vs. 30.8%), respectively, with statistically signifi cant difference ( 30.8%), respectively, with statistically signifi cant difference (P 0.05). Conclusion: In treatment of chronic stable angina (blood : In treatment of chronic stable angina (blood stasis syndrome), WSC can reduce angina attacks and consumption of nitroglycerin, decrease angina severity stasis syndrome), WSC can reduce angina attacks and consumption of nitroglycerin, decrease angina severity degree, effectively relieve the blood stasis syndromes, such as chest pain, chest tightness, palpitations, dark degree, effectively relieve the blood stasis syndromes, such as chest pain, chest tightness, palpitations, dark purple tongue and other symptoms. Besides, adverse events and cardiovascular adverse events in the treatment purple tongue and other symptoms. Besides, adverse events and cardiovascular adverse events in the treatment group and the control group showed no difference. All shows that the drug is safe and effective. (This study was group and the control group showed no difference. All shows that the drug is safe and effective. (This study was registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR), with registration number: ChiCTR-TRC-14005158.) registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR), with registration number: ChiCTR-TRC-14005158.)

Objectives. To survey and analyse the prognosis, outcome, and changing tendency of the Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) patients in Beijing third-grade A-level Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) hospitals.Methods. We collected the clinical datum of hospitalized AMI patients in Beijing 6 TCM hospitals from January 1999 to December 2008 and then analysed the clinical datum.Results. (1) The mean age of patients had showed a slowly rising tendency during this ten years. The patients who had previous history of cerebrovascular diseasea and multiple comorbidities had increased year by year. (2) The rate of reperfusion therapy, revascularization and standardized using of drug, and usage of TCM of AMI patients presented a significant increasing tendency in these hospitals. (3) The proportion of AMI patients combined with cardiac arrhythmia and heart failure had decreased significantly. (4) The AMI mortality presented a decreasing tendency in 10 years.Conclusions. The AMI patients in Beijing TCM hospitals had their own unique clinical features, and it can improve their prognosis by combined therapy of Western Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Impaired signal transduction is associated with tumorigenesis and progression of various kinds of human cancers. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta/Smad and ras-mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) are two major signal transduction pathways for adjusting cell proliferation and differentiation. Little is known about TGF-beta/Smad4 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Hereby, we investigated the expression of Smad4 in NSCLC, its correlation with MAPK proteins (including p38, ERK1 and JNK1 proteins) and their clinical significance in NSCLC. The expressions of Smad4, p38, ERK1 and JNK1 were detected at protein level with Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, at transcription level with RT-PCR. Statistical analysis was performed for the comparisons of expressions of Smad4, p38, ERK1 and JNK1, and their correlation with various clinicopathological parameters and the prognosis of NSCLC. The levels of protein and mRNA expression of Smad4 in lung cancer tissues were significantly lower than in normal tissues (P

Objective This study was designed to investigate promoter methylation status and protein expression of p14ARF gene in non-small cell lung cancer, and value the role of p14ARF promoter methylation in carcinogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer.

To investigate the clinical features of pulmonary thromboembolism in patients with primary lung cancer in relation to thoractomy, and to shed light on prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this fatal disease after lung resection. A total of 1245 cases with primary lung cancer received thoracotomy in the past 13 years were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical data of a total of 14 patients (1.1%) suffering from pulmonary thromboembolism and requiring cardiao-pulmonary resuscitation were collected and analyzed. The diagnosis was established primarily by clinical findings in 9 cases (64.3%), including further confirmation of one case during operation, by pulmonary ventilation-perfusion scan in 2, by spiral CT angiography in 1, by pulmonary angiography in 1, and by autopsy in 1 case. Even using prompt resuscitation, 8 patients (57.1%) died within 48 h (mean 4 h) after the onset of the symptoms. Six cases eventually recovered. Of the 6 salvaged patients, they all received anticoagulation therapy with heparin intravenously and warfarin orally, including 3 cases of additional thrombolytic therapy with urokinase. Two cases with massive pulmonary emboli received emergency surgery, including one pulmonary embolectomy, and one bilobectomy after right upper lobectomy, with satisfactory results. Massive pulmonary embolism is an infrequent but fatal early postoperative complication after lung resection. The diagnosis should be based mainly on clinical findings in order to initiate the appropriate therapy immediately. The direct diagnostic techniques including radionuclide pulmonary scan, spiral CT angiography, and pulmonary angiography could be based on a careful evaluation of the expected benefits and risks of the various available treatments.

To evaluate the efficacy of ifosfamide and etoposide (VP-16) in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and investigate the correlation between microvessel count (MVC) in tumor and chemotherapeutic sensitivity. Forty-one consecutive cases of SCLC received chemotherapy of ifosfamide plus VP-16, and underwent investigation retrospectively. Immunohistochemistry using anti-human blood type H monoclonal antibody was conducted and MVC was recorded under light microscope. There were 27 limited-disease and 14 extensive-disease patients. The overall response rate was 92.7% (38/41) with 28 cases (68.3%) of complete response (CR), 10 (24.4%) with partial response (PR), 3 (7.3%) with progressive disease (PD). The 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 68.3% (28/41), 48.3% (20/41), 23.7% (9/38) and 11.1% (3/27), respectively, with the median survival of 26.8 months. The principal toxicities were grade 3–4 neutropenia in 8 cases (19.5%), grade 3–4 thrombocytopenia in 6 cases (14.6%), mild liver toxicity in 7 cases (17.0%) and mild renal function damage in 4 cases (9.8%). The mesenchymal vasculature was clearly visualized, with the mean value of 34.7 under each high microscopic power field. Of SCLC with more MVC (n=26), CR accounted for 84.6%; while in cancers with less MVC (n=15), CR took up 40.0%, with significant difference (P

β-catenin is closely associated with proliferation, differentiation, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. C-myc is proved to be abnormally expressed in various kinds of malignant neoplasmas. This study is aimed to investigate the features of β-catenin and C-myc expressions in thymoma and the corresponding clinical significance. Immunochemistry was used to detect the features of expressions of β-catenin and C-myc in thymoma and normal thymus. Of the 105 samples, according to Beratz classification, there were: epithelial type 34; lymphocyte type 35; mixed type 31 and shuttle cell type 5. According to Masaoka classification, there were: stage 1: 38; stage 2: 32; stage 3: 20 and stage 4: 15. According to WHO classification, there were: type A 20; type AB 19; type B1 21; type B2 17; type B3 13 and type C 15. Different ways of expression was revealed in different stages of thymomas. With the progress of thymoma, the expression of β-catenin on cell membrane decreased, while increased in cytoplasma and nucleus, even with nucleus shift. The expression of C-myc increased in invasive thymoma. Abnormal expression of β-catenin and C-myc increased, with significant difference(P

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of carcinogenesis, invasion and metastasis. Methods: The expressions of adhesive molecule and adhesive structure in v-k-ras transformed normal rat kidney cells (KNRK) were detected with a variety of molecular biological techniques, including cell culture, immunofluorescence labeling, electron microscopy, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and protein blotting, and compared with normal rat kidney (NRK) cells. Results: The significantly shortened doubling time, remarkably active proliferation ability in soft agar, and invasive growth in the abdomen of nude rat, demonstrated the malignant biological behaviors of KNRK cells. In KNRK cells, the adhesive molecules, P-cadherin, α and β catenin, actin, and adhesive structures, the adhesive junction and gap junction, were all abnormally expressed. And cell aggregation was significantly decreased. The aggregation ability disappeared at 20°C, and became active with a suitable amount of calcium solution. Conclusion: Following the transfection of virus K-ras gene, normal cells were transformed into malignant cells. In early stage of cancer, the variation of adhesive ability may be one of the vital factors underlying tumorigenesis, invasion and metastasis.