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Samples of the bimetallic-based NH2-MIL-125(Ti) at a ratio of Mn+/Ti4+ is 0.15 (Mn+: Ni2+, Co2+ and Fe3+) were first synthesized using the solvothermal method. Their fundamental properties were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), N2 adsorption–desorption measurements, and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS). The as-acquired materials were used as high-efficiency heterogeneous photocatalysts to remove Rhodamine B (RhB) dye under visible light. The results verified that 82.4% of the RhB (3 × 10−5 M) was degraded within 120 min by 15% Fe/Ti−MOFs. Furthermore, in the purpose of degrading Rhodamine B (RhB), the rate constant for the 15% Fe/Ti-MOFs was found to be 2.6 times as fast as that of NH2-MIL-125(Ti). Moreover, the 15% Fe/Ti-MOFs photocatalysts remained stable after three consecutive cycles. The trapping test demonstrated that the major active species in the degradation of the RhB process were hydroxyl radicals (HO∙) and holes (h+).

The use of inorganic layer compounds as adsorbents for organic dyes in water treatment is of increasing interest. In this study, an attempt is made for the synthesis of Mg/Al LDHs by the hydrothermal method. The synthesis temperature was found to significantly affect to the structure of layered double hydroxides (LDHs), as pointed out by FT-IR analysis. In addition, an adsorption capacity of the synthesized LDHs against Congo red in aqueous solutions was investigated and also compared the adsorption results with other dyes such as methylene blue and methyl orange.

A straw-activated carbon has been successfully synthesized with the high BET surface area, at 494.9240 m2/g, which is perfectly suitable for the adsorption of cephalexin antibiotic from aqueous water. It is noted that the adsorption capacity of straw-activated carbon is demonstrated by the effect of initial concentration, contact time, pH solution and dosage. The straw-activated carbon exhibited improved decontaminant efficiency towards cephalexin antibiotics. Quick and improved sorption could be attributable to the distinctive structural and compositional merits as well as the synergetic contribution of functional groups to surface material. Most interestingly, the adsorption capacity achieved at pH 6 was ~98.52%. A mechanism adsorption has been proposed to demonstrate adsorption of the straw-activated carbon (AC-S). By comparison with other studies, it is confirmed that AC-S in this study obtained a higher removal efficiency than other adsorbent materials, suggesting that straw-activated carbon may be an appropriate candidate to treat cephalexin from wastewater media

This In this study, the Ca-Al layered double hydroxide was used as a potential adsorbent for the removal of Congo red from aqueous solutions. The effects of Initial concentration and contact time on the adsorption properties of Congo red by Ca-Al LDHs were studied. The removal rate of Conge red reached to 59.416 mg/g under room temperature with 0.2g of adsorbent, initial concentration of 50 ppm, adsorption time of 210 min, shaking speed of 90r/min. The experimental equilibrium data for the removal of Congo red were evaluated by various isotherm models. The pseudo-second-order kinetic models were found to fit the adsorption kinetics, and the equilibrium data were appropriately fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich model adsorption isotherm.