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Jiaoping Mi,1,2,* Yijie Fang,3,* Jianzhong Xian,4 Guojie Wang,3 Yuanqing Guo,5 Haiyu Hong,2 Mengshi Chi,2 Yong-Fang Li,2 Peng He,2 Jiebing Gao,3 Wei Liao2 1Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Spinal Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wei Liao, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519020, People’s Republic of China, Email liaowei23@mail.sysu.edu.cn Jiebing Gao, Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China, Email Gaojb@mail.sysu.edu.cnObjective: Accurate preoperative localization of abnormal parathyroid glands is crucial for successful surgical management of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of preoperative MRI, 4D-CT, and ultrasonography (US) in localizing parathyroid lesions in patients with SHPT.Methods: We performed a retrospective review of prospectively collected data from a tertiary-care hospital and identified 52 patients who received preoperative MRI and/or 4D-CT and/or US and/or 99mTc-MIBI and subsequently underwent surgery for SHPT between May 2013 and March 2020. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive

Anni Yang,1,* Menglei Jv,2,* Jun Zhang,1,* Yuqi Hu,1 Jiaoping Mi,1 Haiyu Hong1 1Allergy Center, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Nephrology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Haiyu Hong, Allergy Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China, Email honghy@sysu.edu.cnObjective: This study aimed to explore whether children with AH have a higher obesity prevalence and analyze the risk factors for otitis media with effusion(OME) in AH children.Methods: AH patients aged 3– 12 years old that were hospitalized in our hospital for adenoidectomy from June 2020 to September 2022 were included in this study. Height and weight were measured to calculate the body mass index, weight for height and weight z-score to evaluate the development of AH children. Propensity score matching was applied to minimize patient selection bias and adjust for confounding factors to analyze the risk factors for OME in children with AH.Results: A total of 887 children with AH were enrolled in this study. The prevalence of overweight or obesity was higher in children with AH than the control group. The size of adenoids is significantly different between AH children with and without OME. For children aged over 5, there are significantly higher counts of white blood cells, neutrophils, and monocytes in the AH children with OME than those without OME. More individuals represent to be atopic in children with OME than those without OME.Conclusion: The obstruction of the Eustachian tube is the most important factor of OME in AH children. It seems that there is no apparent correlation between OME and atopic conditions in AH childr

Rongfei Su,1,* Yuqi Hu,1,* Zhenpeng Liao,1,* Kai Sen Tan,2 Haiyu Hong,1 Yunping Fan3 1Allergy Center, Department of Otolaryngology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Otolaryngology, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; 3Department of Otolaryngology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Haiyu Hong, Allergy Center, Department of Otolaryngology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 52, Meihua East Road, Zhuhai, 519020, People’s Republic of China, Email honghy@sysu.edu.cn; Yunping Fan, Department of Otolaryngology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China, Email zhfanyp@163.comAbstract: The number of confirmed COVID-19 cases continues to rise around the world, which is a huge threat to the safety of people and the social economy. Despite the introduction of vaccines, effectively preventing and controlling the epidemic, especially in protecting vulnerable populations, remains a big challenge for countries worldwide. By summarizing the trajectory of several officially reported COVID-19 cases, we found that because the COVID-19 primary routes of transmission consist of respiratory droplets, aerosols and close contacts it remains containable with public health measures. Public health measures to contain the outbreak do not rely on the healthcare institution and government agencies alone but require the concerted efforts of the public with sustained vigilance and social responsibility. People who are showing symptoms or have had suspected contact need to keep wearing masks and be quarantined in time to prevent further chains of transmission.Keywords: COVID-19, public health measures, masks wearing, social distancing

Haiyu Hong,1– 3,* Kai Sen Tan,3– 6,* Yan Yan,3,7,8,* Fenghong Chen,2,* Hsiao Hui Ong,3,5 Yukei Oo,4 Jing Liu,3,5 Yew Kwang Ong,3,9 Mark Thong,3,9 Richard Sugrue,10 Vincent T Chow,4,5 De Yun Wang3,5 1Allergy Center, Department of Otolaryngology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China; 2Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; 4Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; 5NUHS Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; 6Biosafety level 3 Core Facility, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore; 7Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical and Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China; 8Central Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China; 9Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore; 10School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Vincent T ChowDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117545, SingaporeEmail micctk@nus.edu.sgDe Yun WangDepartment of Otolaryngology, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 11922

Zhenpeng Liao,1,* Jianling Guo,1,* Jiaoping Mi,1,* Wei Liao,1 Shulin Chen,1 Yili Huang,1 Yingxiang Xu,1 Jun Zhang,1 Qintai Yang,2 Haiyu Hong1 1Allergy Center, Department of Otolaryngology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Qintai YangDepartment of Otolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail yang.qt@163.comHaiyu HongAllergy Center, Department of Otolaryngology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 52, Meihua East Road, Zhuhai, 519020, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail honghy@sysu.edu.cnIntroduction: Intractable epistaxis refers to deep occult bleeding and uncontrolled persistent bleeding. Effective treatment can only be implemented if the bleeding site is quickly identified and the underlying disease controlled.Objective: The relationship between the bleeding site and the pathogenic factors of intractable epistaxis was analyzed to further strengthen the prevention and treatment of intractable epistaxis by outpatient doctors, family doctors and otolaryngologists. Through accurate search and minimally invasive hemostasis, it helped optimize the treatment plan for intractable epistaxis.Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 90 patients with intractable epistaxis who were admitted to hospital from January 2016 to December 2017. Chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship between intractable epistaxis site with underlying disease, gender and age.Results: The distribution of intractable epistaxis was associated with hypertension (χ2=13.76, P=0.017). The incidence of hypertension was the highest in the olfactory sulcus of t

Zhenpeng Liao,1,* Wei Liao,1,* Kai Sen Tan,2,* Yueqi Sun,3 Aiqing Peng,1 Yingxian Zhu,4 Haixin He,1 Shuowei Yang,1 Guangfu Xu,1 Rongfei Su,1 Jinyu Yao,3 Yunping Fan,1 Qintai Yang,5 Haiyu Hong1 1Department of Otolaryngology, Allergy Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Otolaryngology, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; 3Department of Otolaryngology, Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Anesthesiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Objective: Septoplasty has been the definitive treatment for nasal septum deviation, but its postoperative procedure may affect patients’ quality of life. While new procedures in general surgery, such as enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), can speed up postoperative rehabilitations to improve quality of life, it is rarely applied in the ear–nose–throat field. This study therefore aims to evaluate the application of ERAS in patients with nasal septum deviation as a means of improving perioperative outcomes. Materials and methods: Fifty patients with nasal septum deviation undergoing septoplasty were randomized as ERAS or control group (25 patients in both groups). Patients were investigated for outcomes including length of stay, operating time, bleeding volume, total cost, complications, and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and visual analog symptom score of nasal obstruction, sleep disturbance, and head facial pain. Results: The preoperative anxiety in ERAS group (SAS 35.4&plusmn

Haiyu Hong,1,* Fenghong Chen,2,* Xiaobin Zheng,3 Wei Liao,1 Zhenpeng Liao,1 Yujie Cao,2 Haixin He,1 Zhe Zhu,4,5 Yunping Fan1 1Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery of 5th Hospital, Affiliated with Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 2Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery of 1st Hospital, Affiliated with Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 3Department of Respiration of 5th Hospital, Affiliated with Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China; 4Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 5Sanford Consortium, Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA *These authors contributed equally to this work Objective: There is little evidence on the role of topical budesonide in reducing the frequency of adenoidectomy, although it was reported that topical budesonide can effectively ameliorate the symptoms of adenoid hypertrophy (AH). This study was aimed to investigate the possibility and safety of alternatives to adenoidectomy with a 12-week treatment with nasal budesonide. Materials and methods: One hundred patients with AH were randomized to receive either a double-blind budesonide (1 mg once daily) or placebo treatment for 2 weeks by transnasal nebulization. A further 12-week open study, budesonide spray (64 µg per nostril at bedtime) was administered to the treatment group. During the final 12 weeks of follow-up, the frequency of adenotonsillectomy, side effects, the degree of nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, and snoring were assessed. Results: Out of the 100 total enrolled patients, 92 children with AH completed the study. After the 2-week treatment with transnasal budesonide nebulization, the symptoms of AH significantly decreased compared to the control group. Responders (n=26) who had initially improved showed significantly decreased symptoms of AH, and the frequency of adenotonsillectomy during the follow-up (14 a