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203 results on '"Hommer D"'

25. A genetic determinant of the striatal dopamine response to alcohol in men

Author

Ramchandani, V A, primary, Umhau, J, additional, Pavon, F J, additional, Ruiz-Velasco, V, additional, Margas, W, additional, Sun, H, additional, Damadzic, R, additional, Eskay, R, additional, Schoor, M, additional, Thorsell, A, additional, Schwandt, M L, additional, Sommer, W H, additional, George, D T, additional, Parsons, L H, additional, Herscovitch, P, additional, Hommer, D, additional, and Heilig, M, additional

Published
2010
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39. Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia: An NIMH Study in Progress

Author

Gordon, C. T., primary, Frazier, J. A., additional, McKenna, K., additional, Giedd, J., additional, Zametkin, A., additional, Kaysen, D., additional, Albus, K. E., additional, Rapoport, J. L., additional, Zahn, T., additional, Hong, W., additional, and Hommer, D., additional

Published
1994
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41. PET [11C]DASB imaging of serotonin transporters in patients with alcoholism.

Author

Brown AK, George DT, Fujita M, Liow J, Ichise M, Hibbeln J, Ghose S, Sangare J, Hommer D, and Innis RB

Abstract

Objective: Alcoholism and aggression have each been associated with neurochemical measurements suggestive of decreased serotonin synaptic transmission. We measured densities of the serotonin transporter (SERT) in a moderate-sized sample of alcoholic patients who were assessed for aggressive characteristics. Methods: Thirty alcoholic inpatients and 18 healthy controls received a PET scan with [11C]-3-amino-4-(2-dimethylaminomethylphenylsulfanyl )-benzonitrile. The alcoholic inpatients were classified as aggressive or nonaggressive based on a comparison between the top third and bottom third scores on the Buss-Durkee Hostility Index. Results: Using a pixel-wise comparison, no brain region showed significant alterations in SERT binding among the 3 groups of subjects (aggressive alcoholic subjects, nonaggressive alcoholic subjects, and healthy controls) or between the combined alcoholic group and healthy controls. None of the clinical measures (including measures of aggression) correlated with SERT binding in the alcoholic subjects. Conclusion: Contrary to prior imaging reports using the nonselective ligand [123I] [beta]-CIT, we found no significant alterations of SERT density in alcoholic patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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47. Antagonists of central and peripheral behavioral actions of cholecystokinin octapeptide.

Author

Crawley, J N, Stivers, J A, Hommer, D W, Skirboll, L R, and Paul, S M

Abstract

Pharmacological studies on the behavioral functions of sulfated cholecystokinin (CCK) in the gut and in the brain require potent, specific antagonists to CCK. Compounds identified as competitive antagonists at the peripheral receptors for CCK were tested for their ability to block the behavioral effects of CCK administered centrally and peripherally. Behavioral effects of CCK (8.8 X 10-10 mmol) administered centrally into the nucleus accumbens, i.e., potentiation of dopamine-induced hyperlocomotion in rats, were effectively blocked by pretreatment with proglumide (6 X 10(-5) mmol of nucleus accumbens), by benzotript (3 X 10(-5) mmol of nucleus accumbens) and by rabbit antiserum raised against CCK (0.2 microliter/nucleus accumbens), but not by CCK26-33 (1.7 X 10(-7) mmol) or unsulfated CCK26-33 (1.9 X 10(-6) mmol). The behavioral effects of peripherally administered CCK, i.e. reduced food consumption and reduced exploratory behaviors in mice, were blocked effectively by pretreatment with proglumide (0.3-0.9 mmol/kg), and by benzotript (0.03 mmol/kg), but not by CCK30-33 (0.003 mmol/kg). None of the compounds administered peripherally significantly affected food consumption or exploratory behaviors when given alone. Furthermore, none of the compounds significantly affected locomotion when administered alone into the nucleus accumbens, or significantly affected dopamine-induced hyperlocomotion when given into the nucleus accumbens before dopamine. Benzotript, proglumide and a CCK antibody appear to act as specific antagonists of the behavioral effects of CCK at both the peripheral gastrointestinal site and at the central nucleus accumbens site. Neither unsulfated CCK26-33 or CCK30-33 were effective as antagonists of peripheral or central behavioral effects of CCK. However, whereas benzotript and proglumide may be useful as pharmacologically specific antagonists, the high doses required suggest that more potent CCK antagonists are required for investigating the behavioral functions of endogenous CCK.

Published
1986

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