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341 results on '"Hom, Melanie A."'

30. Examining the Relationship Between Attitudes Toward Suicide and Suicide Attempt History

Author

Hom, Melanie A., Stanley, Ian H., Duffy, Mary E., Davis, Lisa, and Joiner, Thomas E.

Abstract

Abstract.Background:Relatively little is known regarding the relationship between attitudes toward suicide, suicide attempt (SA) history, and future suicidal behaviors. Aims:Utilizing a sample of firefighters, this study compared attitudes toward suicide between individuals with/without a career SA history and evaluated whether certain attitudes toward suicide are associated with a greater self-reported likelihood of making a future SA. Method:US firefighters (N= 818) completed self-report measures. One-way ANOVAs and linear regression analyses were utilized to address study aims. Results:Firefighters with a career SA reported significantly greater normalization/glorification of suicide – yet lower attributions of suicide to isolation/depression – than those without this history. More stigmatizing attitudes toward suicide and greater normalization/glorification of suicide were each significantly associated with greater self-reported future SA likelihood. Limitations:Data were cross-sectional and findings may not be generalizable. Conclusion:Firefighters who have made an SA during their firefighting careers may normalize and glorify suicide more than those who have not. These attitudes may be associated with greater self-perceived risk for future SAs. Research is needed to replicate findings and evaluate strategies for targeting potentially harmful beliefs about suicide among SA survivors.

Published
2024
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31. Changes in Positive and Negative Affect during Acute Psychiatric Treatment in People with Social Anxiety Disorder.

Author

Bowers, Emily M., Peckham, Andrew D., Goodman, Fallon R., Hom, Melanie A., Beckham, Erin, Björgvinsson, Thröstur, and Beard, Courtney

Subjects
AFFECT (Psychology), ANXIETY disorders, SOCIAL anxiety, PSYCHIATRIC treatment, MENTAL depression, MULTILEVEL models
Abstract

People with social anxiety disorder (SAD) experience less positive affect (PA) and more negative affect (NA) than the general population, a pattern more similar to depression than other anxiety disorders. There is a dearth of research assessing whether PA is targeted effectively during treatment, even though this is an important emotional aspect for quality of life. The primary aim of this study was to examine daily changes in self-report PA and NA among a sample of partial hospital program (PHP) patients with SAD. A secondary aim was to examine baseline depression severity as a moderator of daily PA and NA change. Patients were adults (N = 241) diagnosed with SAD seeking treatment at a typically 1–2-week transdiagnostic behavioral health PHP from September 2017 to September 2019. Patients completed (1) the International Positive and Negative Affect Schedule-Short Form (IPANAS-SF) each treatment day to assess affect and (2) the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Item Version (PHQ-9) at baseline to assess depressive symptoms. Data from the first nine days of treatment were included in analyses: two-level multilevel model (MLM) analyses were used to address study aim 1, and baseline depression severity was added as a moderator to address study aim 2. Patients reported significant decreases in NA but no significant changes in PA over the course of PHP treatment. Additionally, there was no significant evidence of depression moderating NA change; however, depression did moderate PA change. These findings suggest that patients with SAD report significant decreases in NA but no change in PA over transdiagnostic group treatment, with increases in PA being stronger among patients with more severe depressive symptoms. PA captures an important emotional experience for living a fulfilling life, yet CBT-based treatments may not be effectively improving these areas. Future studies targeting PA in SAD treatment can inform whether doing so ultimately improves treatment outcomes for SAD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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43. Identities in Treatment Scale

Author

Hom, Melanie A., primary, Jackson, Felicia, additional, Bowers, Emily M., additional, Pinder-Amaker, Stephanie L., additional, Wadsworth, Lauren P., additional, Björgvinsson, Thröstur, additional, and Beard, Courtney, additional

Published
2022
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47. Treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction of a virtual partial hospital program: A mixed-method study.

Author

Hudson, Chloe C., Klein, Keith P., Ong, Clarissa W., Handy, Ariel B., Swee, Michaela B., Lambert, Hilary K., Mei, Sara, Hom, Melanie A., Weiss, Rachel B., Beard, Courtney, and Björgvinsson, Thröstur

Subjects
PATIENT satisfaction, MENTAL health services, SIMULATED patients, TREATMENT effectiveness, COVID-19 pandemic, MARITAL satisfaction
Abstract

Despite a proliferation of virtual partial hospital programs (PHP) during the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a dearth of research on such programs. In the current study, we compared treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction between an in-person and a virtual PHP. Further, we examined patients' qualitative feedback about the virtual PHP. Participants included 282 patients attending a virtual PHP during the COVID-19 pandemic and 470 patients attending an in-person PHP one year prior. Patients completed daily measures of symptom severity, and post-treatment measures of patient satisfaction and treatment outcomes. Patients in the virtual PHP provided feedback about virtual care. Quantitative data were analyzed using multilevel modeling, and qualitative data were analyzed using the principles of inductive analysis. Patients experienced a reduction in depression (b = -.28, p <.001) and anxiety symptoms (b = -.25, p <.001) over time and reported high satisfaction in both the in-person and virtual PHPs. There were no significant differences across programs. Virtual PHP patients identified unique advantages and disadvantages of virtual care. Our results suggest that virtual PHPs should be explored as an ongoing model of care that may help to systematically reduce barriers to accessing mental health services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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