22 results on '"Holdrege, Martin C."'
Search Results
2. Climate Change Amplifies Ongoing Declines in Sagebrush Ecological Integrity
- Author
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Holdrege, Martin C., Palmquist, Kyle A., Schlaepfer, Daniel R., Lauenroth, William K., Boyd, Chad S., Creutzburg, Megan K., Crist, Michele R., Doherty, Kevin E., Remington, Thomas E., Tull, John C., Wiechman, Lief A., and Bradford, John B.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. A Strategic and Science-Based Framework for Management of Invasive Annual Grasses in the Sagebrush Biome
- Author
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Boyd, Chad S., Creutzburg, Megan K., Kumar, Alexander V., Smith, Joseph T., Doherty, Kevin E., Mealor, Brian A., Bradford, John B., Cahill, Matthew, Copeland, Stella M., Duquette, Cameron A., Garner, Lindy, Holdrege, Martin C., Sparklin, Bill, and Cross, Todd B.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Precipitation Intensification Increases Shrub Dominance in Arid, Not Mesic, Ecosystems
- Author
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Holdrege, Martin C., Kulmatiski, Andrew, Beard, Karen H., and Palmquist, Kyle A.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Woody plant growth increases with precipitation intensity in a cold semiarid system
- Author
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Holdrege, Martin C., Beard, Karen H., and Kulmatiski, Andrew
- Published
- 2021
6. Changes in Tree Canopy, Groundcover, and Avian Community Following Restoration of a Montane Longleaf Pine Woodland
- Author
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KLAUS, NATHAN A., RUSH, SCOTT A., WEITZEL, SPENCER L., and HOLDREGE, MARTIN C.
- Published
- 2020
7. Forecasting semi-arid biome shifts in the Anthropocene
- Author
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Kulmatiski, Andrew, Yu, Kailiang, Mackay, D. Scott, Holdrege, Martin C., Staver, Ann Carla, Parolari, Anthony J., Liu, Yanlan, Majumder, Sabiha, and Trugman, Anna T.
- Published
- 2020
8. Extreme drought impacts have been underestimated in grasslands and shrublands globally
- Author
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Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Smith, Melinda D, Wilkins, Kate D, Holdrege, Martin C, Wilfahrt, Peter, Collins, Scott L, Knapp, Alan K, Sala, Osvaldo E, Dukes, Jeffrey S, Phillips, Richard P, Yahdjian, Laura, Gherardi, Laureano A, Ohlert, Timothy, Beier, Claus, Fraser, Lauchlan H, Jentsch, Anke, Loik, Michael E, Maestre, Fernando T, Power, Sally A, Yu, Qiang, Felton, Andrew J, Munson, Seth M, Luo, Yiqi, Abdoli, Hamed, Abedi, Mehdi, Alados, Concepción L, Alberti, Juan, Alon, Moshe, An, Hui, Anacker, Brian, Anderson, Maggie, Auge, Harald, Bachle, Seton, Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Bahn, Michael, Batbaatar, Amgaa, Bauerle, Taryn, Beard, Karen H, Behn, Kai, Beil, Ilka, Biancari, Lucio, Blindow, Irmgard, Bondaruk, Viviana Florencia, Borer, Elizabeth T, Bork, Edward W, Bruschetti, Carlos Martin, Byrne, Kerry M, Cahill, James F, Calvo, Dianela A, Hautier, Yann, Hefting, Mariet, Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Smith, Melinda D, Wilkins, Kate D, Holdrege, Martin C, Wilfahrt, Peter, Collins, Scott L, Knapp, Alan K, Sala, Osvaldo E, Dukes, Jeffrey S, Phillips, Richard P, Yahdjian, Laura, Gherardi, Laureano A, Ohlert, Timothy, Beier, Claus, Fraser, Lauchlan H, Jentsch, Anke, Loik, Michael E, Maestre, Fernando T, Power, Sally A, Yu, Qiang, Felton, Andrew J, Munson, Seth M, Luo, Yiqi, Abdoli, Hamed, Abedi, Mehdi, Alados, Concepción L, Alberti, Juan, Alon, Moshe, An, Hui, Anacker, Brian, Anderson, Maggie, Auge, Harald, Bachle, Seton, Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Bahn, Michael, Batbaatar, Amgaa, Bauerle, Taryn, Beard, Karen H, Behn, Kai, Beil, Ilka, Biancari, Lucio, Blindow, Irmgard, Bondaruk, Viviana Florencia, Borer, Elizabeth T, Bork, Edward W, Bruschetti, Carlos Martin, Byrne, Kerry M, Cahill, James F, Calvo, Dianela A, Hautier, Yann, and Hefting, Mariet
- Published
- 2024
9. Extreme drought impacts have been underestimated in grasslands and shrublands globally
- Author
-
Smith, Melinda D., Wilkins, Kate D., Holdrege, Martin C., Wilfahrt, Peter, Collins, Scott L., Knapp, Alan K., Sala, Osvaldo E., Dukes, Jeffrey S., Phillips, Richard P., Yahdjian, Laura, Gherardi, Laureano A., Ohlert, Timothy, Beier, Claus, Fraser, Lauchlan H., Jentsch, Anke, Loik, Michael E., Maestre, Fernando T., Power, Sally A., Yu, Qiang, Felton, Andrew J., Munson, Seth M., Luo, Yiqi, Abdoli, Hamed, Abedi, Mehdi, Alados, Concepción L., Alberti, Juan, Alon, Moshe, An, Hui, Anacker, Brian, Anderson, Maggie, Auge, Harald, Bachle, Seton, Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Bahn, Michael, Batbaatar, Amgaa, Bauerle, Taryn, Beard, Karen H., Behn, Kai, Beil, Ilka, Biancari, Lucio, Blindow, Irmgard, Bondaruk, Viviana Florencia, Borer, Elizabeth T., Bork, Edward W., Bruschetti, Carlos Martin, Byrne, Kerry M., Cahill, James F., Calvo, Dianela A., Carbognani, Michele, Cardoni, Augusto, Carlyle, Cameron N., Castillo-Garcia, Miguel, Chang, Scott X., Chieppa, Jeff, Cianciaruso, Marcus V., Cohen, Ofer, Cordeiro, Amanda L., Cusack, Daniela F., Dahlke, Sven, Daleo, Pedro, D'Antonio, Carla M., Dietterich, Lee H., Doherty, Tim S., Dubbert, Maren, Ebeling, Anne, Eisenhauer, Nico, Fischer, Felícia M., Forte, Tai G.W., Gebauer, Tobias, Gozalo, Beatriz, Greenville, Aaron C., Guidoni-Martins, Karlo G., Hannusch, Heather J., Haugum, Siri Vatsø, Hautier, Yann, Hefting, Mariet, Henry, Hugh A.L., Hoss, Daniela, Iribarne, Oscar, Isbell, Forest, Johnson, Yari, Jordan, Samuel, Kelly, Eugene F., Kimmel, Kaitlin, Kreyling, Juergen, Kröel-Dulay, György, Ingrisch, Johannes, Kröpfl, Alicia, Kübert, Angelika, Kulmatiski, Andrew, Lamb, Eric G., Larsen, Klaus Steenberg, Larson, Julie, Leder, Cintia V., Linstädter, Anja, Liu, Jielin, Liu, Shirong, Lodge, Alexandra G., Longo, Grisel, Loydi, Alejandro, Luan, Junwei, Lawson, Jason, Lubbe, Frederick Curtis, Macfarlane, Craig, Mackie-Haas, Kathleen, Malyshev, Andrey V., Maturano-Ruiz, Adrián, Merchant, Thomas, Metcalfe, Daniel B., Mori, Akira S., Mudongo, Edwin, Newman, Gregory S., Nielsen, Uffe N., Nimmo, Dale, Niu, Yujie, Nobre, Paola, O'Connor, Rory C., Ogaya, Romà, Oñatibia, Gastón R., Orbán, Ildikó, Osborne, Brooke, Otfinowski, Rafael, Pärtel, Meelis, Penuelas, Josep, Peri, Pablo L., Peter, Guadalupe, Petraglia, Alessandro, Picon-Cochard, Catherine, Pillar, Valério D., Piñeiro-Guerra, Juan Manuel, Ploughe, Laura W., Plowes, Robert M., Portales-Reyes, Cristy, Prober, Suzanne M., Pueyo, Yolanda, Reed, Sasha C., Ritchie, Euan G., Rodríguez, Dana Aylén, Rogers, William E., Roscher, Christiane, Sánchez, Ana M., Santos, Bráulio A., Scarfó, María Cecilia, Seabloom, Eric W., Shi, Baoku, Souza, Lara, Stampfli, Andreas, Standish, Rachel J., Sternberg, Marcelo, Sun, Wei, Sünnemann, Marie, Tedder, Michelle, Thorvaldsen, Pål, Tian, Dashuan, Tielbörger, Katja, Valdecantos, Alejandro, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Vandvik, Vigdis, Vankoughnett, Mathew R., Velle, Liv Guri, Wang, Changhui, Wang, Yi, Wardle, Glenda M., Werner, Christiane, Wei, Cunzheng, Wiehl, Georg, Williams, Jennifer L., Wolf, Amelia A., Zeiter, Michaela, Zhang, Fawei, Zhu, Juntao, Zong, Ning, Zuo, Xiaoan, Smith, Melinda D., Wilkins, Kate D., Holdrege, Martin C., Wilfahrt, Peter, Collins, Scott L., Knapp, Alan K., Sala, Osvaldo E., Dukes, Jeffrey S., Phillips, Richard P., Yahdjian, Laura, Gherardi, Laureano A., Ohlert, Timothy, Beier, Claus, Fraser, Lauchlan H., Jentsch, Anke, Loik, Michael E., Maestre, Fernando T., Power, Sally A., Yu, Qiang, Felton, Andrew J., Munson, Seth M., Luo, Yiqi, Abdoli, Hamed, Abedi, Mehdi, Alados, Concepción L., Alberti, Juan, Alon, Moshe, An, Hui, Anacker, Brian, Anderson, Maggie, Auge, Harald, Bachle, Seton, Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Bahn, Michael, Batbaatar, Amgaa, Bauerle, Taryn, Beard, Karen H., Behn, Kai, Beil, Ilka, Biancari, Lucio, Blindow, Irmgard, Bondaruk, Viviana Florencia, Borer, Elizabeth T., Bork, Edward W., Bruschetti, Carlos Martin, Byrne, Kerry M., Cahill, James F., Calvo, Dianela A., Carbognani, Michele, Cardoni, Augusto, Carlyle, Cameron N., Castillo-Garcia, Miguel, Chang, Scott X., Chieppa, Jeff, Cianciaruso, Marcus V., Cohen, Ofer, Cordeiro, Amanda L., Cusack, Daniela F., Dahlke, Sven, Daleo, Pedro, D'Antonio, Carla M., Dietterich, Lee H., Doherty, Tim S., Dubbert, Maren, Ebeling, Anne, Eisenhauer, Nico, Fischer, Felícia M., Forte, Tai G.W., Gebauer, Tobias, Gozalo, Beatriz, Greenville, Aaron C., Guidoni-Martins, Karlo G., Hannusch, Heather J., Haugum, Siri Vatsø, Hautier, Yann, Hefting, Mariet, Henry, Hugh A.L., Hoss, Daniela, Iribarne, Oscar, Isbell, Forest, Johnson, Yari, Jordan, Samuel, Kelly, Eugene F., Kimmel, Kaitlin, Kreyling, Juergen, Kröel-Dulay, György, Ingrisch, Johannes, Kröpfl, Alicia, Kübert, Angelika, Kulmatiski, Andrew, Lamb, Eric G., Larsen, Klaus Steenberg, Larson, Julie, Leder, Cintia V., Linstädter, Anja, Liu, Jielin, Liu, Shirong, Lodge, Alexandra G., Longo, Grisel, Loydi, Alejandro, Luan, Junwei, Lawson, Jason, Lubbe, Frederick Curtis, Macfarlane, Craig, Mackie-Haas, Kathleen, Malyshev, Andrey V., Maturano-Ruiz, Adrián, Merchant, Thomas, Metcalfe, Daniel B., Mori, Akira S., Mudongo, Edwin, Newman, Gregory S., Nielsen, Uffe N., Nimmo, Dale, Niu, Yujie, Nobre, Paola, O'Connor, Rory C., Ogaya, Romà, Oñatibia, Gastón R., Orbán, Ildikó, Osborne, Brooke, Otfinowski, Rafael, Pärtel, Meelis, Penuelas, Josep, Peri, Pablo L., Peter, Guadalupe, Petraglia, Alessandro, Picon-Cochard, Catherine, Pillar, Valério D., Piñeiro-Guerra, Juan Manuel, Ploughe, Laura W., Plowes, Robert M., Portales-Reyes, Cristy, Prober, Suzanne M., Pueyo, Yolanda, Reed, Sasha C., Ritchie, Euan G., Rodríguez, Dana Aylén, Rogers, William E., Roscher, Christiane, Sánchez, Ana M., Santos, Bráulio A., Scarfó, María Cecilia, Seabloom, Eric W., Shi, Baoku, Souza, Lara, Stampfli, Andreas, Standish, Rachel J., Sternberg, Marcelo, Sun, Wei, Sünnemann, Marie, Tedder, Michelle, Thorvaldsen, Pål, Tian, Dashuan, Tielbörger, Katja, Valdecantos, Alejandro, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Vandvik, Vigdis, Vankoughnett, Mathew R., Velle, Liv Guri, Wang, Changhui, Wang, Yi, Wardle, Glenda M., Werner, Christiane, Wei, Cunzheng, Wiehl, Georg, Williams, Jennifer L., Wolf, Amelia A., Zeiter, Michaela, Zhang, Fawei, Zhu, Juntao, Zong, Ning, and Zuo, Xiaoan
- Abstract
Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of short-term (~1 y) drought events—the most common duration of drought—globally. Yet the impact of this intensification of drought on ecosystem functioning remains poorly resolved. This is due in part to the widely disparate approaches ecologists have employed to study drought, variation in the severity and duration of drought studied, and differences among ecosystems in vegetation, edaphic and climatic attributes that can mediate drought impacts. To overcome these problems and better identify the factors that modulate drought responses, we used a coordinated distributed experiment to quantify the impact of short-term drought on grassland and shrubland ecosystems. With a standardized approach, we imposed ~a single year of drought at 100 sites on six continents. Here we show that loss of a foundational ecosystem function—aboveground net primary production (ANPP)—was 60% greater at sites that experienced statistically extreme drought (1-in-100-y event) vs. those sites where drought was nominal (historically more common) in magnitude (35% vs. 21%, respectively). This reduction in a key carbon cycle process with a single year of extreme drought greatly exceeds previously reported losses for grasslands and shrublands. Our global experiment also revealed high variability in drought response but that relative reductions in ANPP were greater in drier ecosystems and those with fewer plant species. Overall, our results demonstrate with unprecedented rigor that the global impacts of projected increases in drought severity have been significantly underestimated and that drier and less diverse sites are likely to be most vulnerable to extreme drought., Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of short-term (~1 y) drought events—the most common duration of drought—globally. Yet the impact of this intensification of drought on ecosystem functioning remains poorly resolved. This is due in part to the widely disparate approaches ecologists have employed to study drought, variation in the severity and duration of drought studied, and differences among ecosystems in vegetation, edaphic and climatic attributes that can mediate drought impacts. To overcome these problems and better identify the factors that modulate drought responses, we used a coordinated distributed experiment to quantify the impact of short-term drought on grassland and shrubland ecosystems. With a standardized approach, we imposed ~a single year of drought at 100 sites on six continents. Here we show that loss of a foundational ecosystem function—aboveground net primary production (ANPP)—was 60% greater at sites that experienced statistically extreme drought (1-in-100-y event) vs. those sites where drought was nominal (historically more common) in magnitude (35% vs. 21%, respectively). This reduction in a key carbon cycle process with a single year of extreme drought greatly exceeds previously reported losses for grasslands and shrublands. Our global experiment also revealed high variability in drought response but that relative reductions in ANPP were greater in drier ecosystems and those with fewer plant species. Overall, our results demonstrate with unprecedented rigor that the global impacts of projected increases in drought severity have been significantly underestimated and that drier and less diverse sites are likely to be most vulnerable to extreme drought.
- Published
- 2024
10. Extreme drought impacts have been underestimated in grasslands and shrublands globally
- Author
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Smith, Melinda D., primary, Wilkins, Kate D., additional, Holdrege, Martin C., additional, Wilfahrt, Peter, additional, Collins, Scott L., additional, Knapp, Alan K., additional, Sala, Osvaldo E., additional, Dukes, Jeffrey S., additional, Phillips, Richard P., additional, Yahdjian, Laura, additional, Gherardi, Laureano A., additional, Ohlert, Timothy, additional, Beier, Claus, additional, Fraser, Lauchlan H., additional, Jentsch, Anke, additional, Loik, Michael E., additional, Maestre, Fernando T., additional, Power, Sally A., additional, Yu, Qiang, additional, Felton, Andrew J., additional, Munson, Seth M., additional, Luo, Yiqi, additional, Abdoli, Hamed, additional, Abedi, Mehdi, additional, Alados, Concepción L., additional, Alberti, Juan, additional, Alon, Moshe, additional, An, Hui, additional, Anacker, Brian, additional, Anderson, Maggie, additional, Auge, Harald, additional, Bachle, Seton, additional, Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, additional, Bahn, Michael, additional, Batbaatar, Amgaa, additional, Bauerle, Taryn, additional, Beard, Karen H., additional, Behn, Kai, additional, Beil, Ilka, additional, Biancari, Lucio, additional, Blindow, Irmgard, additional, Bondaruk, Viviana Florencia, additional, Borer, Elizabeth T., additional, Bork, Edward W., additional, Bruschetti, Carlos Martin, additional, Byrne, Kerry M., additional, Cahill Jr., James F., additional, Calvo, Dianela A., additional, Carbognani, Michele, additional, Cardoni, Augusto, additional, Carlyle, Cameron N., additional, Castillo-Garcia, Miguel, additional, Chang, Scott X., additional, Chieppa, Jeff, additional, Cianciaruso, Marcus V., additional, Cohen, Ofer, additional, Cordeiro, Amanda L., additional, Cusack, Daniela F., additional, Dahlke, Sven, additional, Daleo, Pedro, additional, D'Antonio, Carla M., additional, Dietterich, Lee H., additional, S. Doherty, Tim, additional, Dubbert, Maren, additional, Ebeling, Anne, additional, Eisenhauer, Nico, additional, Fischer, Felícia M., additional, Forte, T'ai G. W., additional, Gebauer, Tobias, additional, Gozalo, Beatriz, additional, Greenville, Aaron C., additional, Guidoni-Martins, Karlo G., additional, Hannusch, Heather J., additional, Vatsø Haugum, Siri, additional, Hautier, Yann, additional, Hefting, Mariet, additional, Henry, Hugh A. L., additional, Hoss, Daniela, additional, Ingrisch, Johannes, additional, Iribarne, Oscar, additional, Isbell, Forest, additional, Johnson, Yari, additional, Jordan, Samuel, additional, Kelly, Eugene F., additional, Kimmel, Kaitlin, additional, Kreyling, Juergen, additional, Kröel-Dulay, György, additional, Kröpfl, Alicia, additional, Kübert, Angelika, additional, Kulmatiski, Andrew, additional, Lamb, Eric G., additional, Larsen, Klaus Steenberg, additional, Larson, Julie, additional, Lawson, Jason, additional, Leder, Cintia V., additional, Linstädter, Anja, additional, Liu, Jielin, additional, Liu, Shirong, additional, Lodge, Alexandra G., additional, Longo, Grisel, additional, Loydi, Alejandro, additional, Luan, Junwei, additional, Curtis Lubbe, Frederick, additional, Macfarlane, Craig, additional, Mackie-Haas, Kathleen, additional, Malyshev, Andrey V., additional, Maturano-Ruiz, Adrián, additional, Merchant, Thomas, additional, Metcalfe, Daniel B., additional, Mori, Akira S., additional, Mudongo, Edwin, additional, Newman, Gregory S., additional, Nielsen, Uffe N., additional, Nimmo, Dale, additional, Niu, Yujie, additional, Nobre, Paola, additional, O'Connor, Rory C., additional, Ogaya, Romà, additional, Oñatibia, Gastón R., additional, Orbán, Ildikó, additional, Osborne, Brooke, additional, Otfinowski, Rafael, additional, Pärtel, Meelis, additional, Penuelas, Josep, additional, Peri, Pablo L., additional, Peter, Guadalupe, additional, Petraglia, Alessandro, additional, Picon-Cochard, Catherine, additional, Pillar, Valério D., additional, Piñeiro-Guerra, Juan Manuel, additional, Ploughe, Laura W., additional, Plowes, Robert M., additional, Portales-Reyes, Cristy, additional, Prober, Suzanne M., additional, Pueyo, Yolanda, additional, Reed, Sasha C., additional, Ritchie, Euan G., additional, Rodríguez, Dana Aylén, additional, Rogers, William E., additional, Roscher, Christiane, additional, Sánchez, Ana M., additional, Santos, Bráulio A., additional, Cecilia Scarfó, María, additional, Seabloom, Eric W., additional, Shi, Baoku, additional, Souza, Lara, additional, Stampfli, Andreas, additional, Standish, Rachel J., additional, Sternberg, Marcelo, additional, Sun, Wei, additional, Sünnemann, Marie, additional, Tedder, Michelle, additional, Thorvaldsen, Pål, additional, Tian, Dashuan, additional, Tielbörger, Katja, additional, Valdecantos, Alejandro, additional, van den Brink, Liesbeth, additional, Vandvik, Vigdis, additional, Vankoughnett, Mathew R., additional, Guri Velle, Liv, additional, Wang, Changhui, additional, Wang, Yi, additional, Wardle, Glenda M., additional, Werner, Christiane, additional, Wei, Cunzheng, additional, Wiehl, Georg, additional, Williams, Jennifer L., additional, Wolf, Amelia A., additional, Zeiter, Michaela, additional, Zhang, Fawei, additional, Zhu, Juntao, additional, Zong, Ning, additional, and Zuo, Xiaoan, additional
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Root distributions predict shrub–steppe responses to precipitation intensity.
- Author
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Kulmatiski, Andrew, Holdrege, Martin C., Chirvasă, Cristina, and Beard, Karen H.
- Subjects
SHRUBS ,SOLIFLUCTION ,PHYTOGEOGRAPHY ,PLANT roots ,PLANT cells & tissues ,AQUATIC plants ,TUNDRAS - Abstract
Precipitation events are becoming more intense around the world, changing the way water moves through soils and plants. Plant rooting strategies that sustain water uptake under these conditions are likely to become more abundant (e.g., shrub encroachment). Yet, it remains difficult to predict species responses to climate change because we typically do not know where active roots are located or how much water they absorb. Here, we applied a water tracer experiment to describe forb, grass, and shrub root distributions. These measurements were made in 8 m by 8 m field shelters with low or high precipitation intensity. We used tracer uptake data in a soil water flow model to estimate how much water respective plant root tissues absorb over time. In low-precipitation-intensity plots, deep shrub roots were estimated to absorb the most water (93 mmyr-1) and shrubs had the greatest aboveground cover (27 %). Grass root distributions were estimated to absorb an intermediate amount of water (80 mmyr-1) and grasses had intermediate aboveground cover (18 %). Forb root distributions were estimated to absorb the least water (79 mmyr-1) and had the least aboveground cover (12 %). In high-precipitation-intensity plots, shrub and forb root distributions changed in ways that increased their water uptake relative to grasses, predicting the increased aboveground growth of shrubs and forbs in these plots. In short, water uptake caused by different rooting distributions predicted plant aboveground cover. Our results suggest that detailed descriptions of active plant root distributions can predict plant growth responses to climate change in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Root distributions predict shrub-steppe responses to precipitation intensity
- Author
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Kulmatiski, Andrew, primary, Holdrege, Martin C., additional, Chirvasa, Cristina, additional, and Beard, Karen H., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Precipitation Intensification Increases Shrub Dominance in Arid, Not Mesic, Ecosystems
- Author
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Holdrege, Martin C., primary, Kulmatiski, Andrew, additional, Beard, Karen H., additional, and Palmquist, Kyle A., additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Root distributions predict shrub-steppe responses to precipitation intensity.
- Author
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Kulmatiski, Andrew, Holdrege, Martin C., Chirvasa, Cristina, and Beard, Karen H.
- Subjects
SHRUBS ,SOLIFLUCTION ,PHYTOGEOGRAPHY ,PLANT-soil relationships ,PLANT growth ,TUNDRAS ,WATER use - Abstract
Precipitation events are becoming more intense around the world, changing the way water moves through soils and plants. Plants that have, or create, roots that absorb more water under these conditions are likely to become more abundant (e.g., shrub encroachment). Yet, it remains difficult to predict species responses to climate change because we typically do not know where active roots are located or how much water they absorb. Here, we used water tracer injections in a field experiment to describe forb, grass, and shrub root distributions under low and high precipitation intensity treatments. To estimate how much water different active rooting distributions can absorb over time, we used a soil water flow model, and we compared our estimates of water uptake to aboveground plant growth. In low precipitation intensity plots, deep shrub roots were estimated to absorb the most water (93 mm yr
-1 ) and shrubs had the greatest aboveground cover (27%). Grass root distributions were estimated to absorb an intermediate amount of water (80 mm yr-1 ) and grasses had intermediate aboveground cover (18%). Forb root distributions were estimated to absorb the least water (79 mm yr-1 ) and had the least aboveground cover (12% cover). In high precipitation intensity plots, shrub and forb roots moved in ways that increased their water uptake relative to grasses, predicting the increased aboveground growth of shrubs and forbs in these plots. In short, water uptake caused by different rooting distributions predicted plant aboveground cover. Our results suggest that detailed descriptions of active plant root distributions can predict plant growth responses to climate change in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. The Impacts of Increased Precipitation Intensity on Dryland Ecosystems in the Western United States
- Author
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Holdrege, Martin C.
- Subjects
precipitation manipulation ,drylands ,Ecology and Evolutionary Biology ,precipitation variability ,Life Sciences ,food and beverages ,ecohydrology ,sagebrush ecosystems ,winter wheat ,climate change ,dryland agriculture ,woody encroachment ,shrubland ,individual-based model - Abstract
As the atmosphere warms, precipitation events become larger, but less frequent. Such increases in precipitation intensity are expected regardless of changes in total annual precipitation. Despite strong evidence for increases in precipitation intensity, disagreement exists regarding how these changes will impact plants, and studies are lacking in many types of ecosystems. This dissertation addresses how increased precipitation intensity affects soil water availability, and how plants respond to any such changes. I address this question in the context of big sagebrush ecosystems and dryland winter wheat agriculture, which are both environments that can be sensitive to changes in water availability. Results from two field experiments (Chapters 2 & 3) and modelling (Chapter 4) indicate that fewer larger precipitation events cause water to be ���pushed��� deeper into the ground. In sagebrush ecosystems this benefitted shrubs, because they tend to have deeper roots and could preferentially access the deeper soil water. The model simulations indicate that these positive effects on shrub growth should be expected in dry climates, but not in wetter climates where larger precipitation events caused more water to be lost to deep drainage. By comparison, increased precipitation intensity had little effect on more shallowly rooted herbaceous plants in sagebrush ecosystems. Similarly, production of winter wheat was not affected by increased precipitation intensity, potentially because this crop matures early in the growing season, while changes in soil moisture were most apparent only later in the summer. My research shows that responses to increased precipitation intensity are likely to differ between plant types and that larger precipitation events may contribute to patterns of increasing dominance of woody plants that can be observed globally. More broadly, these results stress the importance of accounting for climatic variability when forecasting ecological responses to climate change.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Winter Wheat Resistant to Increases in Rain and Snow Intensity in a Semi-Arid System
- Author
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Holdrege, Martin C., primary, Beard, Karen H., additional, and Kulmatiski, Andrew, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. The Effects of Social Distancing Policies on Non-SARS-CoV-2 Respiratory Pathogens
- Author
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Nawrocki, Jeff, primary, Olin, Katherine, additional, Holdrege, Martin C, additional, Hartsell, Joel, additional, Meyers, Lindsay, additional, Cox, Charles, additional, Powell, Michaela, additional, Cook, Camille V, additional, Jones, Jay, additional, Robbins, Tom, additional, Hemmert, Andrew, additional, and Ginocchio, Christine C, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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18. Woody plant growth increases with precipitation intensity in a cold semiarid system
- Author
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Holdrege, Martin C., primary, Beard, Karen H., additional, and Kulmatiski, Andrew, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Small differences in root distributions allow resource niche partitioning
- Author
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Kulmatiski, Andrew, primary, Beard, Karen H., additional, Holdrege, Martin C., additional, and February, Edmund C., additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Aridity drives the response of soil total and particulate organic carbon to drought in temperate grasslands and shrublands.
- Author
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Baoku Shi, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Knapp, Alan K., Smith, Melinda D., Reed, Sasha, Osborne, Brooke, Carrillo, Yolima, Maestre, Fernando T., Yu Zhu, Anping Chen, Wilkins, Kate, Holdrege, Martin C., Kulmatiski, Andrew, Picon-Cochard, Catherine, Roscher, Christiane, Power, Sally, Byrne, Kerry M., Churchill, Amber C., Jentsch, Anke, and Henry, Hugh A. L.
- Subjects
- *
PRECIPITATION variability , *COLLOIDAL carbon , *CONCENTRATION gradient , *DROUGHTS , *CARBON in soils , *SHRUBLANDS - Abstract
The increasing prevalence of drought events in grasslands and shrublands worldwide potentially has impacts on soil organic carbon (SOC). We leveraged the International Drought Experiment to study how SOC, including particulate organic carbon (POC) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) concentrations, responds to extreme drought treatments (1-in-100-year) for 1 to 5 years at 19 sites worldwide. In more mesic areas (aridity index > 0.65), SOC and POC concentrations decreased by 7.9% (±3.9) and 15.9% (±6.2) with drought, respectively, but there were no impacts on MAOC concentrations. However, drought had no impact on SOC, POC, or MAOC concentrations in drylands (aridity index < 0.65). The response of SOC to drought varied along an aridity gradient, concomitant with interannual precipitation variability and standing SOC concentration gradients. These findings highlight the differing response magnitudes of POC and MAOC concentrations to drought and the key regulating role of aridity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Aridity drives the response of soil total and particulate organic carbon to drought in temperate grasslands and shrublands.
- Author
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Shi B, Delgado-Baquerizo M, Knapp AK, Smith MD, Reed S, Osborne B, Carrillo Y, Maestre FT, Zhu Y, Chen A, Wilkins K, Holdrege MC, Kulmatiski A, Picon-Cochard C, Roscher C, Power S, Byrne KM, Churchill AC, Jentsch A, Henry HAL, Beard KH, Schuchardt MA, Eisenhauer N, Otfinowski R, Hautier Y, Shen H, Wang Y, Wang Z, Wang C, Cusack DF, Petraglia A, Carbognani M, Forte TGW, Flory S, Hou P, Zhang T, Gao W, and Sun W
- Subjects
- Ecosystem, Desert Climate, Droughts, Soil chemistry, Carbon metabolism, Grassland
- Abstract
The increasing prevalence of drought events in grasslands and shrublands worldwide potentially has impacts on soil organic carbon (SOC). We leveraged the International Drought Experiment to study how SOC, including particulate organic carbon (POC) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) concentrations, responds to extreme drought treatments (1-in-100-year) for 1 to 5 years at 19 sites worldwide. In more mesic areas (aridity index > 0.65), SOC and POC concentrations decreased by 7.9% (±3.9) and 15.9% (±6.2) with drought, respectively, but there were no impacts on MAOC concentrations. However, drought had no impact on SOC, POC, or MAOC concentrations in drylands (aridity index < 0.65). The response of SOC to drought varied along an aridity gradient, concomitant with interannual precipitation variability and standing SOC concentration gradients. These findings highlight the differing response magnitudes of POC and MAOC concentrations to drought and the key regulating role of aridity.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Local adaptation to climate facilitates a global invasion.
- Author
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Gamba D, Vahsen ML, Maxwell TM, Pirtel N, Romero S, Ee JJV, Penn A, Das A, Ben-Zeev R, Baughman O, Blaney CS, Bodkins R, Budha-Magar S, Copeland SM, Davis-Foust SL, Diamond A, Donnelly RC, Dunwiddie PW, Ensing DJ, Everest TA, Hoitink H, Holdrege MC, Hufbauer RA, Juzėnas S, Kalwij JM, Kashirina E, Kim S, Klisz M, Klyueva A, Langeveld M, Lutfy S, Martin D, Merkord CL, Morgan JW, Nagy DU, Ott JP, Puchalka R, Pyle LA, Rasran L, Rector BG, Rosche C, Sadykova M, Shriver RK, Stanislavschi A, Starzomski BM, Stone RL, Turner KG, Urza AK, VanWallendael A, Wegenschimmel CA, Zweck J, Brown CS, Leger EA, Blumenthal DM, Germino MJ, Porensky LM, Hooten MB, Adler PB, and Lasky JR
- Abstract
Local adaptation may facilitate range expansion during invasions, but the mechanisms promoting destructive invasions remain unclear. Cheatgrass ( Bromus tectorum ), native to Eurasia and Africa, has invaded globally, with particularly severe impacts in western North America. We sequenced 307 genotypes and conducted controlled experiments. We found that diverse lineages invaded North America, where long-distance gene flow is common. Ancestry and phenotypic clines in the native range predicted those in the invaded range, indicating pre-adapted genotypes colonized different regions. Common gardens showed directional selection on flowering time that reversed between warm and cold sites, potentially maintaining clines. In the Great Basin, genomic predictions of strong local adaptation identified sites where cheatgrass is most dominant. Preventing new introductions that may fuel adaptation is critical for managing ongoing invasions., Competing Interests: Competing interests: Authors declare that they have no competing interests.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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