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1. High-Statistics Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Electron Spectrum with H.E.S.S

Author: Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Martins, V. Barbosa, Batzofin, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Bi, B., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Borowska, J., Bouyahiaoui, M., Brose, R., Brown, A., Brun, F., Bruno, B., Bulik, T., Burger-Scheidlin, C., Bylund, T., Casanova, S., Celic, J., Cerruti, M., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chen, A., Chibueze, J., Chibueze, O., Collins, T., Cotter, G., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Devin, J., Djuvsland, J., Dmytriiev, A., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Ernenwein, J. -P., Fegan, S., Feijen, K., Fontaine, G., Funk, S., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Glicenstein, J. F., Glombitza, J., Grolleron, G., Heß, B., Hofmann, W., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Horns, D., Huang, Zhiqiu, Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, F., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Katarzynski, K., Kerszberg, D., Khatoon, R., Khelifi, B., Kluzniak, W., Komin, Nu., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kundu, A., Lang, R. G., Stum, S. Le, Leitl, F., Lemiere, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Luashvili, A., Mackey, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marinos, P., Marti-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Moghadam, M. O., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., de Naurois, M., Niemiec, J., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, D., Pensec, U., Peron, G., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Ravikularaman, S., Regeard, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reis, I., Ren, H., Reville, B., Rieger, F., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Salzmann, H., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schäfer, J., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Shapopi, J. N. S., Sharma, A., Sol, H., Spencer, S., Stawarz, L., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Suzuki, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Tsirou, M., van Eldik, C., Vecchi, M., Venter, C., Vink, J., Wach, T., Wagner, S. J., Wierzcholska, A., Zacharias, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., and Zywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Owing to their rapid cooling rate and hence loss-limited propagation distance, cosmic-ray electrons and positrons (CRe) at very high energies probe local cosmic-ray accelerators and provide constraints on exotic production mechanisms such as annihilation of dark matter particles. We present a high-statistics measurement of the spectrum of CRe candidate events from 0.3 to 40 TeV with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), covering two orders of magnitude in energy and reaching a proton rejection power of better than $10^{4}$. The measured spectrum is well described by a broken power law, with a break around 1 TeV, where the spectral index increases from $\Gamma_1 = 3.25$ $\pm$ 0.02 (stat) $\pm$ 0.2 (sys) to $\Gamma_2 = 4.49$ $\pm$ 0.04 (stat) $\pm$ 0.2 (sys). Apart from the break, the spectrum is featureless. The absence of distinct signatures at multi-TeV energies imposes constraints on the presence of nearby CRe accelerators and the local CRe propagation mechanisms., Comment: main paper: 8 pages, 4 figures, supplemental material: 12 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters https://journals.aps.org/prl/
Published: 2024

2. Very-high-energy $\gamma$-ray emission from young massive star clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud

Author: Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Martins, V. Barbosa, Batzofin, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Böttcher, M., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Borowska, J., Brose, R., Brown, A., Brun, F., Bruno, B., Burger-Scheidlin, C., Casanova, S., Celic, J., Cerruti, M., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chen, A., Chibueze, J., Chibueze, O., Cotter, G., Cristofari, P., Devin, J., Djannati-Ataï, A., Djuvsland, J., Dmytriiev, A., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Feijen, K., Filipovic, M., Fontaine, G., Funk, S., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Glicenstein, J. F., Glombitza, J., Grolleron, G., Haerer, L., Heß, B., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Holch, T. L., Horns, D., Huang, Zhiqiu, Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, F., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Katarzyński, K., Khatoon, R., Khélifi, B., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kundu, A., Lang, R. G., Stum, S. Le, Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Mackey, J., Marandon, V., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Mehta, A., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Moghadam, M. O., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., de Naurois, M., Niemiec, J., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Pensec, U., Peron, G., Pühlhofer, G., Quirrenbach, A., Ravikularaman, S., Regeard, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Ren, H., Renaud, M., Reville, B., Rieger, F., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sabri, K., Sahakian, V., Salzmann, H., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schäfer, J., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Sol, H., Spencer, S., Stawarz, Ł., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Streil, K., Sushch, I., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Tsirou, M., Tsuji, N., van Eldik, C., Vecchi, M., Venter, C., Vink, J., Wagner, S. J., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Zacharias, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., and Żywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud is known for its high star formation activity. At its center lies the young massive star cluster R136, providing a significant amount of the energy that makes the nebula shine so brightly at many wavelengths. Recently, young massive star clusters have been suggested to also efficiently produce high-energy cosmic rays, potentially beyond PeV energies. Here, we report the detection of very-high-energy $\gamma$-ray emission from the direction of R136 with the High Energy Stereoscopic System, achieved through a multicomponent, likelihood-based modeling of the data. This supports the hypothesis that R136 is indeed a very powerful cosmic-ray accelerator. Moreover, from the same analysis, we provide an updated measurement of the $\gamma$-ray emission from 30 Dor C, the only superbubble detected at TeV energies presently. The $\gamma$-ray luminosity above $0.5\,\mathrm{TeV}$ of both sources is $(2-3)\times 10^{35}\,\mathrm{erg}\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}$. This exceeds by more than a factor of 2 the luminosity of HESS J1646$-$458, which is associated with the most massive young star cluster in the Milky Way, Westerlund 1. Furthermore, the $\gamma$-ray emission from each source is extended with a significance of $>3\sigma$ and a Gaussian width of about $30\,\mathrm{pc}$. For 30 Dor C, a connection between the $\gamma$-ray emission and the nonthermal X-ray emission appears likely. Different interpretations of the $\gamma$-ray signal from R136 are discussed., Comment: 10+11 pages, 4+6 figures. Corresponding authors: L. Mohrmann, N. Komin
Published: 2024
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3. H.E.S.S. observations of the 2021 periastron passage of PSR B1259-63/LS 2883

Author: Collaboration, H. E. S. S., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Martins, V. Barbosa, Batzofin, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Borowska, J., Bouyahiaoui, M., Brose, R., Brown, A., Brun, F., Bruno, B., Bulik, T., Burger-Scheidlin, C., Caroff, S., Casanova, S., Celic, J., Cerruti, M., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chen, A., Chibueze, J., Chibueze, O., Cotter, G., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Devin, J., Djuvsland, J., Dmytriiev, A., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Ernenwein, J. -P., Fontaine, G., Funk, S., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Goswami, P., Grolleron, G., Haerer, L., Heß, B., Hofmann, W., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Huang, Zhiqiu, Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, F., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Katarzyński, K., Khangulyan, D., Khatoon, R., Khélifi, B., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kundu, A., Lang, R. G., Stum, S. Le, Leitl, F., Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Mackey, J., Malyshev, D., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Mehta, A., Meintjes, P. J., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., Murach, T., de Naurois, M., Niemiec, J., Ohm, S., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Pensec, U., Peron, G., Prokhorov, D. A., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Regeard, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reis, I., Ren, H., Rieger, F., Rudak, B., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Salzmann, H., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schäfer, J., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Shapopi, J. N. S., Spencer, S., Stawarz, Ł., Steenkamp, R., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Streil, K., Sushch, I., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Thorpe-Morgan, C., Tluczykont, M., Unbehaun, T., van Eldik, C., van Soelen, B., Vecchi, M., Venter, C., Vink, J., Wach, T., Wagner, S. J., Werner, F., Wierzcholska, A., Zacharias, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., and Żywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: PSR B1259-63 is a gamma-ray binary system that hosts a pulsar in an eccentric orbit, with a 3.4 year period, around an O9.5Ve star. At orbital phases close to periastron passages, the system radiates bright and variable non-thermal emission. We report on an extensive VHE observation campaign conducted with the High Energy Stereoscopic System, comprised of ~100 hours of data taken from $t_p-24$ days to $t_p+127$ days around the system's 2021 periastron passage. We also present the timing and spectral analyses of the source. The VHE light curve in 2021 is consistent with the stacked light curve of all previous observations. Within the light curve, we report a VHE maximum at times coincident with the third X-ray peak first detected in the 2021 X-ray light curve. In the light curve -- although sparsely sampled in this time period -- we see no VHE enhancement during the second disc crossing. In addition, we see no correspondence to the 2021 GeV flare in the VHE light curve. The VHE spectrum obtained from the analysis of the 2021 dataset is best described by a power law of spectral index $\Gamma = 2.65 \pm 0.04_{\text{stat}}$ $\pm 0.04_{\text{sys}}$, a value consistent with the previous H.E.S.S. observations of the source. We report spectral variability with a difference of $\Delta \Gamma = 0.56 ~\pm~ 0.18_{\text{stat}}$ $~\pm~0.10_{\text{sys}}$ at 95% c.l., between sub-periods of the 2021 dataset. We also find a linear correlation between contemporaneous flux values of X-ray and TeV datasets, detected mainly after $t_p+25$ days, suggesting a change in the available energy for non-thermal radiation processes. We detect no significant correlation between GeV and TeV flux points, within the uncertainties of the measurements, from $\sim t_p-23$ days to $\sim t_p+126$ days. This suggests that the GeV and TeV emission originate from different electron populations., Comment: accepted to A&A
Published: 2024

4. Searches for new physics below twice the electron mass with GERDA

Author: GERDA Collaboration, Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Araujo, G. R., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Calgaro, S., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Chiu, P. -J., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hofmann, W., Huang, J., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Marshall, G., Misiaszek, M., Morella, M., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Neuberger, M., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Sailer, S., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütz, A-K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Sullivan, S., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: A search for full energy depositions from bosonic keV-scale dark matter candidates of masses between 65 keV and 1021 keV has been performed with data collected during Phase II of the GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment. Our analysis includes direct dark matter absorption as well as dark Compton scattering. With a total exposure of 105.5 kg yr, no evidence for a signal above the background has been observed. The resulting exclusion limits deduced with either Bayesian or Frequentist statistics are the most stringent direct constraints in the major part of the 140-1021 keV mass range. As an example, at a mass of 150 keV the dimensionless coupling of dark photons and axion-like particles to electrons has been constrained to $\alpha$'/$\alpha$ < 8.7x10$^{-24}$ and g$_{ae}$ < 3.3x10$^{-12}$ at 90% credible interval (CI), respectively. Additionally, a search for peak-like signals from beyond the Standard Model decays of nucleons and electrons is performed. We find for the inclusive decay of a single neutron in $^{76}$Ge a lower lifetime limit of $\tau_n$ > 1.5x10$^{24}$ yr and for a proton $\tau_p$ > 1.3x10$^{24}$ yr at 90% CI. For the electron decay e$^-\rightarrow\nu_e\gamma$ a lower limit of $\tau_e$ > 5.4x10$^{25}$ yr at 90% CI has been determined., Comment: 20 pages, 12 figures, 7 tables
Published: 2024

5. Unveiling extended gamma-ray emission around HESS J1813-178

Author: Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baktash, A., Martins, V. Barbosa, Barnard, J., Batzofin, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Bi, B., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Borowska, J., Bouyahiaoui, M., Breuhaus, M., Brose, R., Brun, F., Bruno, B., Bulik, T., Burger-Scheidlin, C., Caroff, S., Casanova, S., Cecil, R., Celic, J., Cerruti, M., Chambery, P., Chand, T., Chen, A., Chibueze, J., Chibueze, O., Cotter, G., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Djannati-Ataï, A., Dmytriiev, A., Doroshenko, V., Einecke, S., Ernenwein, J. -P., Feijen, K., Filipovic, M., Fontaine, G., Füßling, M., Funk, S., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Ghafourizadeh, S., Giavitt, G., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Goswami, P., Grolleron, G., Grondin, M. -H., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, F., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Katarzyński, K., Khatoon, R., Khélifi, B., Klepser, S., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kundu, A., Lang, R. G., Stum, S. Le, Leitl, F., Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Mackey, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marinos, P., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Mehta, A., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., Murach, T., de Naurois, M., Niemiec, J., Noel, A. Priyana, O'Brien, P., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Prokhorov, D. A., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Regeard, M., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Ren, H., Renaud, M., Reville, B., Rieger, F., Roellinghoff, G., Rudak, B., Sahakian, V., Salzmann, H., Sasaki, M., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Shapopi, J. N. S., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Steenkamp, R., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Sushch, I., Suzuki, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Terrier, R., Tluczykont, M., Tsuji, N., Unbehaun, T., van Eldik, C., Vecchi, M., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vink, J., Wach, T., Wagner, S. J., Wierzcholska, A., Zacharias, M., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zouari, S., and Żywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: HESS J1813$-$178 is a very-high-energy $\gamma$-ray source spatially coincident with the young and energetic pulsar PSR J1813$-$1749 and thought to be associated with its pulsar wind nebula (PWN). Recently, evidence for extended high-energy emission in the vicinity of the pulsar has been revealed in the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) data. This motivates revisiting the HESS J1813$-$178 region, taking advantage of improved analysis methods and an extended data set. Using data taken by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) experiment and the Fermi-LAT, we aim to describe the $\gamma$-ray emission in the region with a consistent model, to provide insights into its origin. We performed a likelihood-based analysis on 32 hours of H.E.S.S. data and 12 years of Fermi-LAT data and fit a spectro-morphological model to the combined datasets. These results allowed us to develop a physical model for the origin of the observed $\gamma$-ray emission in the region. In addition to the compact very-high-energy $\gamma$-ray emission centered on the pulsar, we find a significant yet previously undetected component along the Galactic plane. With Fermi-LAT data, we confirm extended high-energy emission consistent with the position and elongation of the extended emission observed with H.E.S.S. These results establish a consistent description of the emission in the region from GeV energies to several tens of TeV. This study suggests that HESS J1813$-$178 is associated with a $\gamma$-ray PWN powered by PSR J1813$-$1749. A possible origin of the extended emission component is inverse Compton emission from electrons and positrons that have escaped the confines of the pulsar and form a halo around the PWN., Comment: 13+5 pages, 13+11 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A. Corresponding authors: T.Wach, A.Mitchell, V.Joshi, P.Chamb\'ery
Published: 2024
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6. Spectrum and extension of the inverse-Compton emission of the Crab Nebula from a combined Fermi-LAT and H.E.S.S. analysis

Author: Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baktash, A., Martins, V. Barbosa, Batzofin, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Bi, B., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Borowska, J., Bradascio, F., Breuhaus, M., Brose, R., Brown, A., Brun, F., Bruno, B., Bulik, T., Burger-Scheidlin, C., Bylund, T., Caroff, S., Casanova, S., Cecil, R., Celic, J., Cerruti, M., Chambery, P., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chen, A., Chibueze, J., Chibueze, O., Cotter, G., Cristofari, P., Devin, J., Djannati-Ataï, A., Djuvsland, J., Dmytriiev, A., Einecke, S., Ernenwein, J. -P., Fegan, S., Feijen, K., Filipović, M., Fontaine, G., Füßling, M., Funk, S., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Giavitto, G., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Glombitza, J., Goswami, P., Grolleron, G., Grondin, M. -H., Haerer, L., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Horns, D., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, F., Joshi, V., Kasai, E., Katarzyński, K., Khatoon, R., Khélifi, B., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kundu, A., Lang, R. G., Stum, S. Le, Leitl, F., Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Luashvili, A., Mackey, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marinos, P., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Mehta, A., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., Murach, T., de Naurois, M., Niemiec, J., O'Brien, P., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Prokhorov, D. A., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Regeard, M., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Ren, H., Renaud, M., Reville, B., Rieger, F., Roellinghoff, G., Rudak, B., Sahakian, V., Salzmann, H., Sasaki, M., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Shapopi, J. N. S., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Stawarz, Ł., Steenkamp, R., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Streil, K., Sushch, I., Suzuki, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Terrier, R., Tluczykont, M., Tsuji, N., Unbehaun, T., van Eldik, C., Vecchi, M., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vink, J., Wach, T., Wagner, S. J., Wierzcholska, A., Zacharias, M., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zouari, S., Żywucka, N., and Harding, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The Crab Nebula is a unique laboratory for studying the acceleration of electrons and positrons through their non-thermal radiation. Observations of very-high-energy $\gamma$ rays from the Crab Nebula have provided important constraints for modelling its broadband emission. We present the first fully self-consistent analysis of the Crab Nebula's $\gamma$-ray emission between 1 GeV and $\sim$100 TeV, that is, over five orders of magnitude in energy. Using the open-source software package Gammapy, we combined 11.4 yr of data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope and 80 h of High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) data at the event level and provide a measurement of the spatial extension of the nebula and its energy spectrum. We find evidence for a shrinking of the nebula with increasing $\gamma$-ray energy. Furthermore, we fitted several phenomenological models to the measured data, finding that none of them can fully describe the spatial extension and the spectral energy distribution at the same time. Especially the extension measured at TeV energies appears too large when compared to the X-ray emission. Our measurements probe the structure of the magnetic field between the pulsar wind termination shock and the dust torus, and we conclude that the magnetic field strength decreases with increasing distance from the pulsar. We complement our study with a careful assessment of systematic uncertainties., Comment: 18+6 pages, 15+2 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A. Corresponding authors: M. Meyer, L. Mohrmann, T. Unbehaun. v2: after A&A language editing
Published: 2024
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7. Dark Matter Line Searches with the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author: Abe, S., Abhir, J., Abhishek, A., Acero, F., Acharyya, A., Adam, R., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Aguirre-Santaella, A., Alfaro, J., Alfaro, R., Alvarez-Crespo, N., Batista, R. Alves, Amans, J. -P., Amato, E., Ambrosi, G., Angel, L., Aramo, C., Arcaro, C., Arnesen, T. T. H., Arrabito, L., Asano, K., Ascasibar, Y., Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baktash, A., Balazs, C., Balbo, M., Larriva, A. Baquero, Martins, V. Barbosa, de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., Batzofin, R., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Beck, G., Benbow, W., Berge, D., Bernardini, E., Bernete, J., Bernlöhr, K., Berti, A., Bertucci, B., Bhattacharjee, P., Bhattacharyya, S., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Bissaldi, E., Biteau, J., Blanch, O., Blazek, J., Bocchino, F., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., Bonnoli, G., Bonollo, A., Bordas, P., Bosnjak, Z., Bottacini, E., Böttcher, M., Bringmann, T., Bronzini, E., Brose, R., Brown, A. M., Brunelli, G., Bulgarelli, A., Bulik, T., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Burton, M., Buscemi, M., Bylund, T., Cailleux, J., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Cantlay, B. K., Capasso, G., Caproni, A., Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R., Caraveo, P., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carquin, E., Carrasco, M. -S., Cassol, F., Castaldini, L., Castrejon, N., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Cerasole, D., Cerruti, M., Chadwick, P. M., Chaty, S., Chen, A. W., Chernyakova, M., Chiavassa, A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Cicciari, G. M., Cifuentes, A., Araujo, C. H. Coimbra, Colapietro, M., Conforti, V., Conte, F., Contreras, J. L., Costa, A., Costantini, H., Cotter, G., Cristofari, P., Cuevas, O., Curtis-Ginsberg, Z., D'Amico, G., D'Ammando, F., Dai, S., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Caprio, V., Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal, De Lotto, B., De Lucia, M., de Menezes, R., de Naurois, M., de Souza, V., del Peral, L., del Valle, M. V., Giler, A. G. Delgado, Mengual, J. Delgado, Delgado, C., Dell'aiera, M., della Volpe, D., Depaoli, D., Di Girolamo, T., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Díaz, C., Diebold, S., Dinesh, A., Djuvsland, J., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Dörner, J., Doro, M., Dournaux, J. -L., Duangchan, C., Dubos, C., Ducci, L., Dwarkadas, V. V., Ebr, J., Eckner, C., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Errando, M., Escanuela, C., Escarate, P., Godoy, M. Escobar, Escudero, J., Esposito, P., Ettori, S., Falceta-Goncalves, D., Fedorova, E., Fegan, S., Feng, Q., Ferrand, G., Ferrarotto, F., Fiandrini, E., Fiasson, A., Filipovic, M., Fioretti, V., Fiori, M., Foffano, L., Guiteras, L. Font, Fontaine, G., Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., Fukui, Y., Furniss, A., Galanti, G., Galaz, G., Galelli, C., Gallozzi, S., Gammaldi, V., Garczarczyk, M., Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Ghalumyan, A., Gianotti, F., Giarrusso, M., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht Formiga, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giuffrida, R., Glicenstein, J. -F., Glombitza, J., Goldoni, P., González, J. M., González, M. M., Coelho, J. Goulart, Gradetzke, T., Granot, J., Grasso, D., Grau, R., Gréaux, L., Green, D., Green, J. G., Grolleron, G., Guedes, L. M. V., Gueta, O., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hamal, P., Hanlon, W., Hara, S., Harvey, V. M., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heß, B., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Cadena, S. Hernández, Hervet, O., Hinton, J., Hiroshima, N., Hnatyk, B., Hnatyk, R., Hofmann, W., Holder, J., Horan, D., Horvath, P., Hovatta, T., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Iarlori, M., Inada, T., Incardona, F., Inoue, S., Inoue, Y., Iocco, F., Iori, M., Ishio, K., Jamrozy, M., Janecek, P., Jankowsky, F., Jean, P., Quiles, J. Jimenez, Jin, W., Juramy-Gilles, C., Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Kalekin, O., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kaufmann, S., Kazanas, D., Kerszberg, D., Kieda, D. B., Kleiner, T., Kluge, G., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Komin, N., Kornecki, P., Kosack, K., Kowal, G., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., La Palombara, N., Láinez, M., Lamastra, A., Lapington, J., Laporte, P., Lazarević, S., Lazendic-Galloway, J., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leone, F., Leonora, E., Leto, G., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, M., Liodakis, I., Lipniacka, A., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Bahilo, J. Lozano, Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Macias, O., Majumdar, P., Mallamaci, M., Malyshev, D., Mandat, D., Manicò, G., Mariotti, M., Márquez, I., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martí, J., Martínez, G. A., Martínez, M., Martinez, O., Marty, C., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mastropietro, M., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mestre, E., Meunier, J. -L., Meyer, D. M. -A., Meyer, M., Miceli, D., Miceli, M., Michailidis, M., Michałowski, J., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mitchell, A., Mizote, M., Mizuno, T., Moderski, R., Molero, M., Molfese, C., Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Moulin, E., Zamanillo, V. Moya, Munari, K., Murach, T., Muraczewski, A., Muraishi, H., Nakamori, T., Nayak, A., Nemmen, R., Neto, J. P., Nickel, L., Niemiec, J., Nieto, D., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikołajuk, M., Nikolić, L., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Olive, J. -F., Ong, R. A., Orienti, M., Orito, R., Orlandini, M., Orlando, E., Orlando, S., Ostrowski, M., Otero-Santos, J., Oya, I., Pagano, I., Pagliaro, A., Palatiello, M., Panebianco, G., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paredes, J. M., Parmiggiani, N., Patricelli, B., Pe'er, A., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Pensec, U., Peresano, M., Pérez-Romero, J., Persic, M., Peters, K. P., Petruk, O., Piano, G., Pierre, E., Pietropaolo, E., Pihet, M., Pinchbeck, L., Pirola, G., Pittori, C., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Pohl, M., Pollet, V., Ponti, G., Prandini, E., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Produit, N., Prouza, M., Pueschel, E., Pühlhofer, G., Pumo, M. L., Queiroz, F., Quirrenbach, A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzaque, S., Regeard, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reisenegger, A., Rhode, W., Ribeiro, D., Ribó, M., Ricci, C., Richtler, T., Rico, J., Rieger, F., Riitano, L., Rizi, V., Roache, E., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Frías, M. D. Rodríguez, Rodríguez-Vázquez, J. J., Romano, P., Romeo, G., Rosado, J., de Leon, A. Rosales, Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiter, A. J., Rulten, C. B., Sadeh, I., Saha, L., Saito, T., Salzmann, H., Sánchez-Conde, M., Sandaker, H., Sangiorgi, P., Sano, H., Santander, M., Santos-Lima, R., Sapienza, V., Šarić, T., Sarkar, A., Sarkar, S., Saturni, F. G., Savarese, S., Scherer, A., Schiavone, F., Schipani, P., Schleicher, B., Schovanek, P., Schubert, J. L., Schwanke, U., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Seitenzahl, I. R., Sergijenko, O., Servillat, M., Siegert, T., Siejkowski, H., Siqueira, C., Sliusar, V., Slowikowska, A., Sol, H., Spencer, S. T., Spiga, D., Stamerra, A., Stanič, S., Starecki, T., Starling, R., Stawarz, Ł., Steppa, C., Hatlen, E. Sæther, Stolarczyk, T., Strišković, J., Suda, Y., Świerk, P., Tajima, H., Tak, D., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tavernier, T., Tejedor, L. A., Terauchi, K., Teshima, M., Testa, V., Tian, W. W., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Torradeflot, F., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tothill, N., Toussenel, F., Tramacere, A., Travnicek, P., Tripodo, G., Trois, A., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., Vallés, R., van Eldik, C., van Scherpenberg, J., Vandenbroucke, J., Vassiliev, V., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Vecchi, M., Ventura, S., Vercellone, S., Verna, G., Viana, A., Viaux, N., Vigliano, A., Vignatti, J., Vigorito, C. F., Villanueva, J., Visentin, E., Vitale, V., Vodeb, V., Voisin, V., Voitsekhovskyi, V., Vorobiov, S., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Wagner, S. J., Walter, R., White, M., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Will, M., Williams, D. A., Wohlleben, F., Wolter, A., Yamamoto, T., Yang, L., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zaharijas, G., Zampieri, L., Sanchez, R. Zanmar, Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhang, W., Zhdanov, V. I., Ziętara, K., Živec, M., and Zuriaga-Puig, J.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Monochromatic gamma-ray signals constitute a potential smoking gun signature for annihilating or decaying dark matter particles that could relatively easily be distinguished from astrophysical or instrumental backgrounds. We provide an updated assessment of the sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) to such signals, based on observations of the Galactic centre region as well as of selected dwarf spheroidal galaxies. We find that current limits and detection prospects for dark matter masses above 300 GeV will be significantly improved, by up to an order of magnitude in the multi-TeV range. This demonstrates that CTA will set a new standard for gamma-ray astronomy also in this respect, as the world's largest and most sensitive high-energy gamma-ray observatory, in particular due to its exquisite energy resolution at TeV energies and the adopted observational strategy focussing on regions with large dark matter densities. Throughout our analysis, we use up-to-date instrument response functions, and we thoroughly model the effect of instrumental systematic uncertainties in our statistical treatment. We further present results for other potential signatures with sharp spectral features, e.g.~box-shaped spectra, that would likewise very clearly point to a particle dark matter origin., Comment: 44 pages JCAP style (excluding author list and references), 19 figures; minor changes to match published version
Published: 2024
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8. Curvature in the very-high energy gamma-ray spectrum of M87

Author: Collaboration, H. E. S. S., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Martins, V. Barbosa, Batzofin, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Bradascio, F., Brose, R., Brun, F., Bruno, B., Burger-Scheidlin, T. Bulik C., Bylund, T., Casanova, S., Cecil, R., Celic, J., Cerruti, M., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chen, A., Chibueze, J., Chibueze, O., Collins, T., Cotter, G., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Djannati-Ataï, A., Djuvsland, J., Dmytriiev, A., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Fegan, S., Fontaine, G., Funk, S., Gabici, S., Glicenstein, J. F., Glombitza, J., Grolleron, G., Haerer, L., Hofmann, W., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Horns, D., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, F., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Katarzyński, K., Khatoon, R., Khélifi, B., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kundu, A., Lang, R. G., Stum, S. Le, Leitl, F., Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Lypova, I., Luashvili, A., Mackey, J., Malyshev, D., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Mehta, A., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Moghadam, M. O., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., Murach, T., de Naurois, M., Niemiec, J., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Pensec, U., Pita, S., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Regeard, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Ren, H., Reville, B., Rieger, F., Rudak, B., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Salzmann, H., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Shapopi, J. N. S., Sol, H., Spencer, S., Stawarz, Ł., Steenkamp, R., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Streil, K., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Tsirou, M., van Eldik, C., Venter, C., Vink, J., Wach, T., Wagner, S. J., Wierzcholska, A., Zacharias, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zilberman, P., and Zywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The radio galaxy M87 is a variable very-high energy (VHE) gamma-ray source, exhibiting three major flares reported in 2005, 2008, and 2010. Despite extensive studies, the origin of the VHE gamma-ray emission is yet to be understood. In this study, we investigate the VHE gamma-ray spectrum of M87 during states of high gamma-ray activity, utilizing 20.2$\,$ hours the H.E.S.S. observations. Our findings indicate a preference for a curved spectrum, characterized by a log-parabola model with extra-galactic background light (EBL) model above 0.3$\,$TeV at the 4$\sigma$ level, compared to a power-law spectrum with EBL. We investigate the degeneracy between the absorption feature and the EBL normalization and derive upper limits on EBL models mainly sensitive in the wavelength range 12.4$\,$$\mu$m - 40$\,$$\mu$m., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A. Corresponding authors: Victor Barbosa Martins, Rahul Cecil, Iryna Lypova, Manuel Meyer, Perri Zilberman. Supplementary material: https://zenodo.org/records/10781524
Published: 2024
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9. Acceleration and transport of relativistic electrons in the jets of the microquasar SS 433

Author: Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Martins, V. Barbosa, Batzofin, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Bi, B., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Borowska, J., Bouyahiaou, M., Breuhau, M., Brose, R., Brown, A. M., Brun, F., Bruno, B., Bulik, T., Burger-Scheidlin, C., Caroff, S., Casanova, S., Cecil, R., Celic, J., Cerruti, M., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chen, A., Chibueze, J., Chibueze, O., Cotter, G., Dai, S., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Djannati-Ataï, A., Dmytriiev, A., Doroshenko, V., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Ernenwein, J. -P., Filipovic, M., Fontaine, G., Funk, S., Gabici, S., Ghafourizadeh, S., Giavitto, G., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Grolleron, G., Haerer, L., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Horns, D., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, F., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Katarzyński, K., Khatoon, R., Khélifi, B., Klepser, S., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kundu, A., Lang, R. G., Stum, S. Le, Leitl, F., Lemière, A., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Lohse, T., Luashvili, A., Mackey, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Mehta, A., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., Murach, T., Nakashima, K., de Naurois, M., Niemiec, J., Noel, A. Priyana, Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Prokhorov, D. A., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Ren, H., Renaud, M., Reville, B., Rieger, F., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ricarte, H. Rueda, Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Salzman, H., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schäfer, J., Schüssler, F., Schwanke, U., Shapopi, J. N. S., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Stawarz, Ł., Steenkamp, R., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Streil, K., Sushch, I., Suzuki, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Tsirou, M., Tsuji, N., Unbehaun, T., van Eldik, C., Vecchi, M., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vink, J., Wach, T., Wagner, S. J., Werner, F., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Yu Wun, Zacharias, M., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zouari, S., and Żywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: SS 433 is a microquasar, a stellar binary system with collimated relativistic jets. We observed SS 433 in gamma rays using the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), finding an energy-dependent shift in the apparent position of the gamma-ray emission of the parsec-scale jets. These observations trace the energetic electron population and indicate the gamma rays are produced by inverse-Compton scattering. Modelling of the energy-dependent gamma-ray morphology constrains the location of particle acceleration and requires an abrupt deceleration of the jet flow. We infer the presence of shocks on either side of the binary system at distances of 25 to 30 parsecs and conclude that self-collimation of the precessing jets forms the shocks, which then efficiently accelerate electrons., Comment: Submitted 20th Apr. 2023, published 25th January 2024 (accepted version)
Published: 2024
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10. An improved limit on the neutrinoless double-electron capture of $^{36}$Ar with GERDA

Author: GERDA Collaboration, Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Araujo, G. R., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brudanin, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hofmann, W., Huang, J., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Kneißl, R., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Korošec, M., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Marshall, G., Misiaszek, M., Morella, M., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A-K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment operated enriched high-purity germanium detectors in a liquid argon cryostat, which contains 0.33% of $^{36}$Ar, a candidate isotope for the two-neutrino double-electron capture (2$\nu$ECEC) and therefore for the neutrinoless double-electron capture (0$\nu$ECEC). If detected, this process would give evidence of lepton number violation and the Majorana nature of neutrinos. In the radiative 0$\nu$ECEC of $^{36}$Ar, a monochromatic photon is emitted with an energy of 429.88 keV, which may be detected by the GERDA germanium detectors. We searched for the $^{36}$Ar 0$\nu$ECEC with GERDA data, with a total live time of 4.34 yr (3.08 yr accumulated during GERDA Phase II and 1.26 yr during GERDA Phase I). No signal was found and a 90% C.L. lower limit on the half-life of this process was established T$_{1/2}$ > 1.5x10$^{22}$ yr, Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Published: 2023

11. Discovery of a Radiation Component from the Vela Pulsar Reaching 20 Teraelectronvolts

Author: Collaboration, The H. E. S. S., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Martins, V. Barbosa, Batzofin, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Bi, B., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Borowska, J., Bradascio, F., Breuhaus, M., Brose, R., Brun, F., Bruno, B., Bulik, T., Burger-Scheidlin, C., Bylund, T., Cangemi, F., Caroff, S., Casanova, S., Celic, J., Cerruti, M., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chen, A., Chibueze, O., Cotter, G., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Djannati-Ataï, A., Dmytriiev, A., Egberts, K., Ernenwein, J. -P., Feijen, K., Fiasson, A., de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet, Fontaine, G., Füßling, M., Funk, S., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Ghafourizadeh, S., Giavitto, G., Giunti, L., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Goswami, P., Grolleron, G., Grondin, M. -H., Haerer, L., Haupt, M., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Horns, D., Huang, Zhiqiu, Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, F., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Katarzyński, K., Khélifi, B., Klepser, S., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Lang, R. G., Stum, S. Le, Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Lohse, T., Luashvili, A., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Marinos, P., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Murach, T., Nakashima, K., de Naurois, M., Niemiec, J., Noel, A. Priyana, OBrien, P., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Pita, S., Prokhorov, D. A., Prokoph, H., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Renaud, M., Rieger, F., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Sailer, S., Salzmann, H., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schüssler, F., Schwanke, U., Shapopi, J. N. S., Sinha, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Spir-Jacob, M., Stawarz, L., Steenkamp, R., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Sushch, I., Suzuki, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Tavernier, T., Terrier, R., Thorpe-Morgan, C., Tluczykont, M., Tsirou, M., Tsuji, N., van Eldik, C., Vecchi, M., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vink, J., Wagner, S. J., Werner, F., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Yu Wun, Yassin, H., Zacharias, M., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhu, S. J., Zouari, S., Żywucka, N., Zanin, R., Kerr, M., Johnston, S., Shannon, R. M., and Smith, D. A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Gamma-ray observations have established energetic isolated pulsars as outstanding particle accelerators and antimatter factories in the Galaxy. There is, however, no consensus regarding the acceleration mechanisms and the radiative processes at play, nor the locations where these take place. The spectra of all observed gamma-ray pulsars to date show strong cutoffs or a break above energies of a few gigaelectronvolt (GeV). Using the H.E.S.S. array of Cherenkov telescopes, we discovered a novel radiation component emerging beyond this generic GeV cutoff in the Vela pulsar's broadband spectrum. The extension of gamma-ray pulsation energies up to at least 20 teraelectronvolts (TeV) shows that Vela pulsar can accelerate particles to Lorentz factors higher than $4\times10^7$. This is an order of magnitude larger than in the case of the Crab pulsar, the only other pulsar detected in the TeV energy range. Our results challenge the state-of-the-art models for high-energy emission of pulsars while providing a new probe, i.e. the energetic multi-TeV component, for constraining the acceleration and emission processes in their extreme energy limit., Comment: 38 pages, 6 figures. This preprint has not undergone peer review or any post-submission improvements or corrections. The Version of Record of this article is published in Nature Astronomy, Nat Astron (2023), and is available online at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-023-02052-3
Published: 2023
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12. Prospects for $\gamma$-ray observations of the Perseus galaxy cluster with the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author: Consortium, The Cherenkov Telescope Array, Abe, K., Abe, S., Acero, F., Acharyya, A., Adam, R., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Aguirre-Santaella, A., Alfaro, J., Alfaro, R., Alvarez-Crespo, N., Batista, R. Alves, Amans, J. -P., Amato, E., Angüner, E. O., Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Araya, M., Arcaro, C., Arrabito, L., Asano, K., Ascasíbar, Y., Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Stuani, L. Augusto, Baack, D., Backes, M., Baktash, A., Balazs, C., Balbo, M., Ballester, O., Larriva, A. Baquero, Martins, V. Barbosa, de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batista, P. I., Batkovic, I., Batzofin, R., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Beck, G., Tjus, J. Becker, Benbow, W., Medrano, J. Bernete, Bernlöhr, K., Berti, A., Bertucci, B., Beshley, V., Bhattacharjee, P., Bhattacharyya, S., Bi, B., Biederbeck, N., Biland, A., Bissaldi, E., Biteau, J., Blanch, O., Blazek, J., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., Bordas, P., Bosnjak, Z., Bottacini, E., Bradascio, F., Braiding, C., Bronzini, E., Brose, R., Brown, A. M., Brun, F., Brunetti, G., Bucciantini, N., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Burton, M., Bylund, T., Calisse, P. G., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Cantlay, B. K., Capalbi, M., Caproni, A., Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R., Caraveo, P., Caroff, S., Carosi, R., Carquin, E., Carrasco, M. -S., Cascone, E., Cassol, F., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Cerasole, D., Cerruti, M., Chadwick, P., Chaty, S., Chen, A. W., Chernyakova, M., Chiavassa, A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Cifuentes, A., Araujo, C. H. Coimbra, Conforti, V., Conte, F., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Costa, A., Costantini, H., Cotter, G., Cristofari, P., Cuevas, O., Curtis-Ginsberg, Z., D'Amico, G., D'Ammando, F., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Caprio, V., Laadim, F. De Frondat, Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal, De Lotto, B., De Lucia, M., De Martino, D., de Menezes, R., de Naurois, M., De Simone, N., de Souza, V., del Valle, M. V., Delagnes, E., Giler, A. G. Delgado, Delgado, C., Dell'aiera, M., della Volpe, D., Depaoli, D., Di Girolamo, T., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Diebold, S., Djannati-Ataï, A., Djuvsland, J., Dominik, R. M., Donini, A., Dorner, D., Dörner, J., Doro, M., Anjos, R. D. C. dos, Dournaux, J. -L., Duangchan, C., Dubos, C., Dumora, D., Dwarkadas, V. V., Ebr, J., Eckner, C., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Godoy, M. Escobar, Escudero, J., Esposito, P., Ettori, S., Evoli, C., Falceta-Goncalves, D., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Fattorini, A., Faure, A., Fedorova, E., Fegan, S., Feijen, K., Feng, Q., Ferrand, G., Ferrarotto, F., Fiandrini, E., Fiasson, A., Filipovic, M., Fioretti, V., Foffano, L., Guiteras, L. Font, Fontaine, G., Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., Fukui, Y., Gaggero, D., Galanti, G., Gallozzi, S., Gammaldi, V., Garczarczyk, M., Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Gaug, M., Ghalumyan, A., Gianotti, F., Giarrusso, M., Giesbrecht, J., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glicenstein, J. -F., Göksu, H., Goldoni, P., González, J. M., González, M. M., Coelho, J. Goulart, Granot, J., Grau, R., Gréaux, L., Green, D., Green, J. G., Grenier, I., Grolleron, G., Grube, J., Gueta, O., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hamal, P., Hanlon, W., Hara, S., Harvey, V. M., Hassan, T., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Cadena, S. Hernández, Hervet, O., Hie, J., Hiroshima, N., Hnatyk, B., Hnatyk, R., Hoang, J., Hoffmann, D., Hofmann, W., Holder, J., Horan, D., Horvath, P., Hrupec122, D., Hütten, M., Iarlori, M., Inada, T., Incardona, F., Inoue, S., Iocco, F., Iori, M., Jamrozy, M., Janecek, P., Jankowsky, F., Jarnot, C., Jean, P., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jin, W., Juramy-Gilles, C., Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Kantzas, D., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kaufmann, S., Kerszberg, D., Khélifi, B., Kissmann, R., Kleiner, T., Kluge, G., Kluźniak, W., Knödlseder, J., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Komin, N., Kornecki, P., Kosack, K., Kowal, G., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., La Palombara, N., Láinez, M., Lamastra, A., Lapington, J., Laporte, P., Lazarević, S., Leitgeb, F., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leone, F., Leto, G., Leuschner, F., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, M., Liodakis, I., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Macias, O., Mackey, J., Majumdar, P., Malyshev, D., Mandat, D., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Mariotti, M., Markoff, S., Márquez, I., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martínez, G. A., Martínez, M., Martinez, O., Marty, C., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mastropietro, M., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Melkumyan, D., Mello, A. J. T. S., Meunier, J. -L., Meyer, D. M. -A., Meyer, M., Miceli, D., Michailidis, M., Michałowski, J., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mitchell, A., Mizote, M., Mizuno, T., Moderski, R., Molero, M., Molfese, C., Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Morcuende, D., Morik, K., Morlino, G., Morselli, A., Moulin, E., Zamanillo, V. Moya, Munari, K., Murach, T., Muraczewski, A., Muraishi, H., Nagataki, S., Nakamori, T., Nemmen, R., Neyroud, N., Nickel, L., Niemiec, J., Nieto, D., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikołajuk, M., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozaki, S., O'Brien, P., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Olive, J. -F., Olmi, B., Ong, R. A., Orienti, M., Orito, R., Orlandini, M., Orlando, E., Ostrowski, M., Oya, I., Pagliaro, A., Palatiello, M., Panebianco, G., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Parmiggiani, N., Patel, S. R., Patricelli, B., Pavlović, D., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Pensec, U., Peresano, M., Pérez-Romero, J., Peron, G., Persic, M., Petrucci, P. -O., Petruk, O., Piano, G., Pierre, E., Pietropaolo, E., Pintore, F., Pirola, G., Pita, S., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Pohl, M., Polo, M., Pons, E., Ponti, G., Prandini, E., Prast, J., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Produit, N., Pueschel, E., Pühlhofer, G., Pumo, M. L., Punch, M., Queiroz, F., Quirrenbach, A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzaque, S., Recchia, S., Regeard, M., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reisenegger, A., Rhode, W., Ribeiro, D., Ribó, M., Richtler, T., Rico, J., Rieger, F., Righi, C., Riitano, L., Rizi, V., Roache, E., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Rodríguez-Vázquez, J. J., Romano, P., Romeo, G., Rosado, J., de Leon, A. Rosales, Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Rulten, C. B., Russo, F., Sadeh, I., Saha, L., Saito, T., Salzmann, H., Sanchez, D., Sánchez-Conde, M., Sangiorgi, P., Sano, H., Santander, M., Santangelo, A., Santos-Lima, R., Sanuy, A., Šarić, T., Sarkar, A., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Saturni, F. G., Savchenko, V., Scherer, A., Schipani, P., Schleicher, B., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schwanke, U., Schwefer, G., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Seiji, S., Semikoz, D., Sergijenko, O., Servillat, M., Sguera, V., Shang, R. Y., Sharma, P., Siejkowski, H., Sinha, A., Siqueira, C., Sliusar, V., Slowikowska, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S. T., Spiga, D., Stamerra, A., Stanič, S., Starecki, T., Starling, R., Stawarz, Ł., Steppa, C., Stolarczyk, T., Strišković, J., Suda, Y., Suomijärvi, T., Tajima, H., Tak, D., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tanaka, S. J., Tavernier, T., Tejedor, L. A., Terauchi, K., Terrier, R., Teshima, M., Tian, W. W., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torradeflot, F., Torres, D. F., Torresi, E., Tosti, G., Tosti, L., Tothill, N., Toussenel, F., Touzard, V., Tramacere, A., Travnicek, P., Tripodo, G., Truzzi, S., Tsiahina, A., Tutone, A., Vacula, M., Vallage, B., Vallania, P., van Eldik, C., van Scherpenberg, J., Vandenbroucke, J., Vassiliev, V., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Vecchi, M., Ventura, S., Vercellone, S., Verna, G., Viana, A., Viaux, N., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vodeb, V., Voisin, V., Vorobiov, S., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Wagner, S. J., Walter, R., Wechakama, M., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Will, M., Williams, D. A., Wohlleben, F., Wolter, A., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zacharias, M., Zaharijas, G., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhdanov, V. I., Živec, M., Zuriaga-Puig, J., and Luque, P. De la Torre
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: Galaxy clusters are expected to be dark matter (DM) reservoirs and storage rooms for the cosmic-ray protons (CRp) that accumulate along the cluster's formation history. Accordingly, they are excellent targets to search for signals of DM annihilation and decay at gamma-ray energies and are predicted to be sources of large-scale gamma-ray emission due to hadronic interactions in the intracluster medium. We estimate the sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) to detect diffuse gamma-ray emission from the Perseus galaxy cluster. We perform a detailed spatial and spectral modelling of the expected signal for the DM and the CRp components. For each, we compute the expected CTA sensitivity. The observing strategy of Perseus is also discussed. In the absence of a diffuse signal (non-detection), CTA should constrain the CRp to thermal energy ratio within the radius $R_{500}$ down to about $X_{500}<3\times 10^{-3}$, for a spatial CRp distribution that follows the thermal gas and a CRp spectral index $\alpha_{\rm CRp}=2.3$. Under the optimistic assumption of a pure hadronic origin of the Perseus radio mini-halo and depending on the assumed magnetic field profile, CTA should measure $\alpha_{\rm CRp}$ down to about $\Delta\alpha_{\rm CRp}\simeq 0.1$ and the CRp spatial distribution with 10% precision. Regarding DM, CTA should improve the current ground-based gamma-ray DM limits from clusters observations on the velocity-averaged annihilation cross-section by a factor of up to $\sim 5$, depending on the modelling of DM halo substructure. In the case of decay of DM particles, CTA will explore a new region of the parameter space, reaching models with $\tau_{\chi}>10^{27}$s for DM masses above 1 TeV. These constraints will provide unprecedented sensitivity to the physics of both CRp acceleration and transport at cluster scale and to TeV DM particle models, especially in the decay scenario., Comment: 93 pages (including author list, appendix and references), 143 figures. Submitted to JCAP
Published: 2023
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13. Searches for new physics below twice the electron mass with GERDA

Author: Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Araujo, G., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Calgaro, S., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Chiu, P.-J., Comellato, T., D’Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Marco, N. Di, Doroshkevich, E., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hofmann, W., Huang, J., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Marshall, G., Misiaszek, M., Morella, M., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Neuberger, M., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Sailer, S., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütz, A-K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Sullivan, S., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., Sturm, K. von, Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Published: 2024
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14. Final Results of GERDA on the Two-Neutrino Double-$\beta$ Decay Half-Life of $^{76}$Ge

Author: GERDA collaboration, Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Araujo, G. R., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Calgaro, S., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Chiu, P. -J., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Giacinto, A., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hackenmüller, S., Hemmer, S., Hofmann, W., Huang, J., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lehnert, B., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Marshall, G., Miloradovic, M., Mingazheva, R., Misiaszek, M., Morella, M., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Neuberger, M., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Sailer, S., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A. -K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Sullivan, S., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We present the measurement of the two-neutrino double-$\beta$ decay rate of $^{76}$Ge performed with the GERDA Phase II experiment. With a subset of the entire GERDA exposure, 11.8 kg$\cdot$yr, the half-life of the process has been determined: $T^{2\nu}_{1/2} = (2.022 \pm 0.018_{stat} \pm 0.038_{sys})\times10^{21}$ yr. This is the most precise determination of the $^{76}$Ge two-neutrino double-$\beta$ decay half-life and one of the most precise measurements of a double-$\beta$ decay process. The relevant nuclear matrix element can be extracted: $M^{2\nu}_{\text{eff}} = (0.101\pm0.001).$, Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Published: 2023
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15. Search for tri-nucleon decays of $^{76}$Ge in GERDA

Author: GERDA collaboration, Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Araujo, G., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Calgaro, S., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Chiu, P. -J., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Giacinto, A., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hofmann, W., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Marshall, G., Misiaszek, M., Morella, M., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Neuberger, M., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Sailer, S., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A-K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Sullivan, S., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We search for tri-nucleon decays of $^{76}$Ge in the dataset from the GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment. Decays that populate excited levels of the daughter nucleus above the threshold for particle emission lead to disintegration and are not considered. The ppp-, ppn-, and pnn-decays lead to $^{73}$Cu, $^{73}$Zn, and $^{73}$Ga nuclei, respectively. These nuclei are unstable and eventually proceed by the beta decay of $^{73}$Ga to $^{73}$Ge (stable). We search for the $^{73}$Ga decay exploiting the fact that it dominantly populates the 66.7 keV $^{73m}$Ga state with half-life of 0.5 s. The nnn-decays of $^{76}$Ge that proceed via $^{73m}$Ge are also included in our analysis. We find no signal candidate and place a limit on the sum of the decay widths of the inclusive tri-nucleon decays that corresponds to a lower lifetime limit of 1.2x10$^{26}$ yr (90% credible interval). This result improves previous limits for tri-nucleon decays by one to three orders of magnitude., Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables
Published: 2023
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16. The vanishing of the primary emission region in PKS 1510-089

Author: Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Martins, V. Barbosa, Barnard, J., Batzofin, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernloehr, K., Bi, B., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Boettcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., Borowska, J., Bouyahiaoui, M., Bradascio, F., Breuhaus, M., Brose, R., Brown, A. M., Brun, F., Bruno, B., Bulik, T., Burger-Scheidlin, C., Caroff, S., Casanova, S., Cecil, R., Celic, J., Cerruti, M., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chen, A., Chibueze, J., Chibueze, O., Cotter, G., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Davids, I. D., Djannati-Atai, A., Dmytriiev, A., Doroshenko, V., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Ernenwein, J. -P., Fegan, S., Fontaine, G., Fuessling, M., Funk, S., Gabici, S., Ghafourizadeh, S., Giavitto, G., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Goswami, P., Grolleron, G., Haerer, L., Hofmann, W., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Horns, D., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, F., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Katarzyski, K., Khatoon, R., Khelifi, B., Klu/'zniak, W., Komin, Nu., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Lang, R. G., Stum, S. Le, Leitl, F., Lemiere, A., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Luashvili, A., Mackey, J., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marti-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Mehta, A., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., de Naurois, M., Niemiec, J., Noel, A. Priyana, O'Brien, P., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Peron, G., Prokhorov, D. A., Puehlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Ren, H., Rieger, F., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ricarte, H. Rueda, Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Salzmann, H., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schuessler, F., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Shapopi, J. N. S., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Stawarz, L., Steenkamp, R., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Sushch, I., Suzuki, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Terrier, R., Tsuji, N., van Eldik, C., van Soelen, B., Vecchi, M., Veh, J., Vink, J., Wach, T., Wagner, S. J., Wierzcholska, A., Zacharias, M., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zouari, S., Zywucka, N., Buckley, D. A. H., Cooper, J., and Groenewald, D.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: In July 2021, PKS 1510-089 exhibited a significant flux drop in the high-energy gamma-ray (by a factor 10) and optical (by a factor 5) bands and remained in this low state throughout 2022. Similarly, the optical polarization in the source vanished, resulting in the optical spectrum being fully explained through the steady flux of the accretion disk and the broad-line region. Unlike the aforementioned bands, the very-high-energy gamma-ray and X-ray fluxes did not exhibit a significant flux drop from year to year. This suggests that the steady-state very-high-energy gamma-ray and X-ray fluxes originate from a different emission region than the vanished parts of the high-energy gamma-ray and optical jet fluxes. The latter component has disappeared through either a swing of the jet away from the line-of-sight or a significant drop in the photon production efficiency of the jet close to the black hole. Either change could become visible in high-resolution radio images., Comment: 18 pages, 4 figures, 6 tables; accepted for publication in ApJ Letters; corresponding authors: Joleen Barnard, Markus Boettcher, Hester Schutte, Michael Zacharias
Published: 2023
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17. Polymyalgia rheumatica – eine Herausforderung in der Altersmedizin: Diagnostik und Therapie interdisziplinär dargestellt

Author: Hofmann, W., Kötter, I., Winterhalter, S., and Krupp, S.
Published: 2024
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18. Detection of extended gamma-ray emission around the Geminga pulsar with H.E.S.S

Author: Collaboration, H. E. S. S., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Martins, V. Barbosa, Batzofin, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Bi, B., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., Borowska, J., Bouyahiaoui, M., Bradascio, F., Brose, R., Brun, F., Bruno, B., Bulik, T., Scheidlin, C. Burger, Cangemi, F., Caroff, S., Casanova, S., Celic, J., Cerruti, M., Chambery, P., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chen, A., Chibueze, J., Chibueze, O., Cotter, G., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Devin, J., Djannati-Ataï, A., Dmytriiev, A., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Ernenwein, J. P., Feijen, K., de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet, Filipovic, M., Fontaine, G., Füssling, M., Funk, S., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Ghafourizadeh, S., Giavitto, G., Giunti, L., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Goswami, P., Grolleron, G., Grondin, M. -H., Haerer, L., Haupt, M., Hermann, G., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Horns, D., Huang, Zhiqiu, Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, F., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Katarzyński, K., Khélifi, B., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Lang, R. G., Stum, S. Le, Leitl, F., Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Lohse, T., Luashvili, A., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Marinos, P., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Meintjes, P. J., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Nakashima, K., de Naurois, M., Niemiec, J., Noel, A. Priyana, O'Brien, P., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Prokhorov, D. A., Pühlhofer, G., Quirrenbach, A., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Renaud, M., Reville, B., Rieger, F., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ricarte, H. Rueda, Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Salzmann, H., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Shapopi, J. N. S., Sinha, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Stawarz, Ł., Steinmassl, S., Sushch, I., Suzuki, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Tavernier, T., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Thorpe-Morgan, C., Tsirou, M., Tsuji, N., Vecchi, M., Venter, C., Vink, J., Wagner, S. J., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Yu Wun, Zacharias, M., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zouari, S., and Żywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Geminga is an enigmatic radio-quiet gamma-ray pulsar located at a mere 250 pc distance from Earth. Extended very-high-energy gamma-ray emission around the pulsar was discovered by Milagro and later confirmed by HAWC, which are both water Cherenkov detector-based experiments. However, evidence for the Geminga pulsar wind nebula in gamma rays has long evaded detection by imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) despite targeted observations. The detection of gamma-ray emission on angular scales > 2 deg poses a considerable challenge for the background estimation in IACT data analysis. With recent developments in understanding the complementary background estimation techniques of water Cherenkov and atmospheric Cherenkov instruments, the H.E.S.S. IACT array can now confirm the detection of highly extended gamma-ray emission around the Geminga pulsar with a radius of at least 3 deg in the energy range 0.5-40 TeV. We find no indications for statistically significant asymmetries or energy-dependent morphology. A flux normalisation of $(2.8\pm0.7)\times10^{-12}$ cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$TeV$^{-1}$ at 1 TeV is obtained within a 1 deg radius region around the pulsar. To investigate the particle transport within the halo of energetic leptons around the pulsar, we fitted an electron diffusion model to the data. The normalisation of the diffusion coefficient obtained of $D_0 = 7.6^{+1.5}_{-1.2} \times 10^{27}$ cm$^2$s$^{-1}$, at an electron energy of 100 TeV, is compatible with values previously reported for the pulsar halo around Geminga, which is considerably below the Galactic average., Comment: 16 pages, 15 figures, 7 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Published: 2023
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19. Sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array to spectral signatures of hadronic PeVatrons with application to Galactic Supernova Remnants

Author: Consortium, The Cherenkov Telescope Array, Acero, F., Acharyya, A., Adam, R., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Aguirre-Santaella, A., Alfaro, J., Aloisio, R., Crespo, N. Álvarez, Batista, R. Alves, Amati, L., Amato, E., Ambrosi, G., Angüner, E. O., Aramo, C., Arcaro, C., Armstrong, T., Asano, K., Ascasibar, Y., Aschersleben, J., Backes, M., Baktash, A., Balazs, C., Balbo, M., Ballet, J., Larriva, A. Baquero, Martins, V. Barbosa, de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Bastieri, D., Baxter, J. R., Tjus, J. Becker, Benbow, W., Bernardos-Martín, M. I., Bernete, J., Berti, A., Bertucci, B., Beshley, V., Bhattacharjee, P., Bhattacharyya, S., Biland, A., Bissaldi, E., Biteau, J., Blanch, O., Bordas, P., Bottacini, E., Bregeon, J., Brose, R., Bucciantini, N., Bulgarelli, A., Capasso, M., Dolcetta, R. A. Capuzzo, Caraveo, P., Cardillo, M., Carosi, R., Casanova, S., Cascone, E., Cassol, F., Catalani, F., Cerruti, M., Chadwick, P., Chaty, S., Chen, A., Chernyakova, M., Chiavassa, A., Chudoba, J., Coimbra-Araujo, C., Conforti, V., Contreras, J. L., Costa, A., Costantini, H., Cristofari, P., Crocker, R., D'Amico, G., D'Ammando, F., De Angelis, A., De Caprio, V., Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal, Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, de Souza, V., Delgado, C., della Volpe, D., Depaoli, D., Di Girolamo, T., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Diebold, S., Djuvsland, J. I., Donini, A., Doro, M., Anjos, R. d. C. Dos, Dwarkadas, V. V., Einecke, S., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Evoli, C., Falceta-Goncalves, D., Fedorova, E., Fegan, S., Ferrand, G., Fiandrini, E., Filipovic, M., Fioretti, V., Fiori, M., Foffano, L., Fontaine, G., Fukami, S., Galanti, G., Galaz, G., Gammaldi, V., Gasbarra, C., Ghalumyan, A., Ghirlanda, G., Giarrusso, M., Giavitto, G., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Giuliani, A., Giunti, L., Godinovic, N., Coelho, J. Goulart, Gréaux, L., Green, D., Grondin, M-H., Gueta, O., Gunji, S., Hassan, T., Heller, M., Hernández-Cadena, S., Hinton, J., Hnatyk, B., Hnatyk, R., Hoffmann, D., Hofmann, W., Holder, J., Horan, D., Horvath, P., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Inada, T., Incardona, F., Inoue, S., Ishio, K., Jamrozy, M., Janecek, P., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jin, W., Jung-Richardt, I., Jurysek, J., Kaaret, P., Karas, V., Katz, U., Kerszberg, D., Khélifi, B., Kieda, D. B., Kissmann, R., Kleiner, T., Kluge, G., Kluzniak, W., Knödlseder, J., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Komin, N., Kornecki, P., Kubo, H., La Palombara, N., Láinez, M., Lamastra, A., Lapington, J., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leone, F., Leto, G., Leuschner, F., Lindfors, E., Liodakis, I., Lohse, T., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Macias, O., Mackey, J., Majumdar, P., Mandat, D., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Marconi, M., Martí, J., Martínez, G., Martinez, M., Martinez, O., Mello, A. J. T. S., Menchiari, S., Meyer, D. M. -A., Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miceli, M., Michalowski, J., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mitchell, A., Mode, B., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Morcuende, D., Morlino, G., Morselli, A., Mosè, M., Moulin, E., Mukherjee, R., Munari, K., Murach, T., Nagai, A., Nagataki, S., Nemmen, R., Niemiec, J., Nieto, D., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikolajuk, M., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Novosyadlyj, B., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohm, S., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Olmi, B., Ong, R. A., Orienti, M., Orito, R., Orlandini, M., Orlando, E., Orlando, S., Ostrowski, M., Oya, I., Pantaleo, F. R., Paredes, J. M., Patricelli, B., Pecimotika, M., Peresano, M., Pérez-Romero, J., Persic, M., Petruk, O., Piano, G., Pietropaolo, E., Pirola, G., Pittori, C., Pohl, M., Ponti, G., Prandini, E., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Pueschel, E., Pühlhofer, G., Pumo, M. L., Quirrenbach, A., Rando, R., Razzaque, S., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Renaud, M., Reposeur, T., Ribó, M., Richtler, T., Rico, J., Rieger, F., Rigoselli, M., Riitano, L., Rizi, V., Roache, E., Romano, P., Romeo, G., Rosado, J., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Sadeh, I., Safi-Harb, S., Saha, L., Sailer, S., Sánchez-Conde, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Saturni, F. G., Scherer, A., Schovánek, P., Schussler, F., Schwanke, U., Scuderi, S., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Sergijenko, O., Servillat, M., Shang, R-Y., Sharma, P., Siejkowski, H., Sliusar, V., Słowikowska, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S. T., Spengler, G., Stamerra, A., Stanič, S., Starecki, T., Starling, R., Stolarczyk, T., Pereira, L. A. Stuani, Suda, Y., Suomijarvi, T., Sushch, I., Tajima, H., Tam, P-H. T., Tanaka, S. J., Tavecchio, F., Testa, V., Tian, W., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tothill, N., Vallage, B., Vallania, P., van Eldik, C., van Scherpenberg, J., Vandenbroucke, J., Acosta, M. Vazquez, Vecchi, M., Vercellone, S., Verna, G., Viana, A., Vignatti, J., Vitale, V., Vodeb, V., Vorobiov, S., Vuillaume, T., Wagner, S. J., Walter, R., White, M., Wierzcholska, A., Will, M., Williams, D., Yang, L., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zaharijas, G., Zampieri, L., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zhdanov, V. I., and Živec, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The local Cosmic Ray (CR) energy spectrum exhibits a spectral softening at energies around 3~PeV. Sources which are capable of accelerating hadrons to such energies are called hadronic PeVatrons. However, hadronic PeVatrons have not yet been firmly identified within the Galaxy. Several source classes, including Galactic Supernova Remnants (SNRs), have been proposed as PeVatron candidates. The potential to search for hadronic PeVatrons with the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is assessed. The focus is on the usage of very high energy $\gamma$-ray spectral signatures for the identification of PeVatrons. Assuming that SNRs can accelerate CRs up to knee energies, the number of Galactic SNRs which can be identified as PeVatrons with CTA is estimated within a model for the evolution of SNRs. Additionally, the potential of a follow-up observation strategy under moonlight conditions for PeVatron searches is investigated. Statistical methods for the identification of PeVatrons are introduced, and realistic Monte--Carlo simulations of the response of the CTA observatory to the emission spectra from hadronic PeVatrons are performed. Based on simulations of a simplified model for the evolution for SNRs, the detection of a $\gamma$-ray signal from in average 9 Galactic PeVatron SNRs is expected to result from the scan of the Galactic plane with CTA after 10 hours of exposure. CTA is also shown to have excellent potential to confirm these sources as PeVatrons in deep observations with $\mathcal{O}(100)$ hours of exposure per source., Comment: 34 pages, 16 figures, Accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physics
Published: 2023
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20. Search for the evaporation of primordial black holes with H.E.S.S

Author: collaboration, H. E. S. S., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Aschersleben, J., Boettcher, M., Backes, M., Martins, V. Barbosa, Batzo, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bi, B., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Borowska, J., Bradascio, F., Brose, R., Brun, F., Bruno, B., Bulik, T., Burger-Scheidlin, C., Caro, S., Casanova, S., Celic, J., Cerruti, M., Chand, T., Chen, A., Chibueze, O., Cotter, G., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Djannati-Atai, A., Egberts, K., van Eldik, C., Ernenwein, J. -P., Fussling, M., Fiasson, A., de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet, Fontaine, G., Gabici, S., Ghafourizadeh, S., Giavitto, G., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Grolleron, G., Grondin, M. -H., Haerer, L., Haupt, M., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Holler, M., Horns, D., Huang, Zhiqiu, Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, F., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Katarzynski, K., Khelifi, B., Klepser, S., Kluzniak, W., Komin, Nu., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Holch, T. L., Lang, R. G., Stum, S. Le, Leitl, F., Lemiere, A., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Lohse, T., Luashvili, A., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marinos, P., Marti-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Nakashima, K., de Naurois, M., Niemiec, J., O'Brien, P., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Puehlhofer, G., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Noel, A. Priyana, Prokhorov, D. A., Prokoph, H., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, O., Rieger, F., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ricarte, H. Rueda, Sahakian, V., Salzmann, H., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Shapopi, J. N. S., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Stawarz, L., Steenkamp, R., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Sushch, I., Suzuki, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Tavernier, T., Thorpe-Morgan, C., Tsuji, N., Uchiyama, Y., Vecchi, M., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vink, J., Wagner, S. J., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Yu Wun, Zacharias, M., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zouari, S., and Zywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) are hypothetical black holes predicted to have been formed from density fluctuations in the early Universe. PBHs with an initial mass around $10^{14}-10^{15}$g are expected to end their evaporation at present times in a burst of particles and very-high-energy (VHE) gamma rays. Those gamma rays may be detectable by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), an array of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. This paper reports on the search for evaporation bursts of VHE gamma rays with H.E.S.S., ranging from 10 to 120 seconds, as expected from the final stage of PBH evaporation and using a total of 4816 hours of observations. The most constraining upper limit on the burst rate of local PBHs is $2000$ pc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$ for a burst interval of 120 seconds, at the 95\% confidence level. The implication of these measurements for PBH dark matter are also discussed., Comment: Accepted for publication in JCAP, corresponding authors: F.Brun, J-F. Glicenstein, V. Marandon, T. Tavernier
Published: 2023
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21. HESS J1809$-$193: a halo of escaped electrons around a pulsar wind nebula?

Author: Collaboration, H. E. S. S., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Martins, V. Barbosa, Batzofin, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., Borowska, J., Bouyahiaoui, M., Bradascio, F., Breuhaus, M., Brose, R., Brun, F., Bruno, B., Bulik, T., Burger-Scheidlin, C., Bylund, T., Caroff, S., Casanova, S., Celic, J., Cerruti, M., Chambery, P., Chand, T., Chen, A., Chibueze, J., Chibueze, O., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Djannati-Ataï, A., Dmytriiev, A., Einecke, S., Ernenwein, J. -P., Feijen, K., Filipovic, M., Fontaine, G., Füßling, M., Funk, S., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Ghafourizadeh, S., Giavitto, G., Giunti, L., Glawion, D., Goswami, P., Grolleron, G., Grondin, M. -H., Haerer, L., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Horns, D., Huang, Zhiqiu, Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, F., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Katarzyński, K., Khélifi, B., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Lang, R. G., Stum, S. Le, Leitl, F., Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Lohse, T., Luashvili, A., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Marinos, P., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Nakashima, K., de Naurois, M., Niemiec, J., Noel, A. Priyana, Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Prokhorov, D. A., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Renaud, M., Reville, B., Rieger, F., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Sahakian, V., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Shapopi, J. N. S., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Stawarz, Ł., Steenkamp, R., Steinmassl, S., Sushch, I., Suzuki, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Terrier, R., Thorpe-Morgan, C., Tsirou, M., Tsuji, N., Uchiyama, Y., van Eldik, C., Vecchi, M., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vink, J., Wach, T., Wagner, S. J., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Yu Wun, Zacharias, M., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zouari, S., and Żywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Context. HESS J1809$-$193 is an unassociated very-high-energy $\gamma$-ray source located on the Galactic plane. While it has been connected to the nebula of the energetic pulsar PSR J1809$-$1917, supernova remnants and molecular clouds present in the vicinity also constitute possible associations. Recently, the detection of $\gamma$-ray emission up to energies of $\sim$100 TeV with the HAWC observatory has led to renewed interest in HESS J1809$-$193. Aims. We aim to understand the origin of the $\gamma$-ray emission of HESS J1809$-$193. Methods. We analysed 93.2 h of data taken on HESS J1809$-$193 above 0.27 TeV with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), using a multi-component, three-dimensional likelihood analysis. In addition, we provide a new analysis of 12.5 yr of Fermi-LAT data above 1 GeV within the region of HESS J1809$-$193. The obtained results are interpreted in a time-dependent modelling framework. Results. For the first time, we were able to resolve the emission detected with H.E.S.S. into two components: an extended component that exhibits a spectral cut-off at $\sim$13 TeV, and a compact component that is located close to PSR J1809$-$1917 and shows no clear spectral cut-off. The Fermi-LAT analysis also revealed extended $\gamma$-ray emission, on scales similar to that of the extended H.E.S.S. component. Conclusions. Our modelling indicates that based on its spectrum and spatial extent, the extended H.E.S.S. component is likely caused by inverse Compton emission from old electrons that form a halo around the pulsar wind nebula. The compact component could be connected to either the pulsar wind nebula or the supernova remnant and molecular clouds. Due to its comparatively steep spectrum, modelling the Fermi-LAT emission together with the H.E.S.S. components is not straightforward. (abridged), Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A. Corresponding authors: Vikas Joshi, Lars Mohrmann
Published: 2023
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22. Liquid argon light collection and veto modeling in GERDA Phase II

Author: GERDA collaboration, Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Araujo, G. R., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Calgaro, S., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Chiu, P-J., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Giacinto, A., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hofmann, W., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lehnert, B., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Marshall, G., Miloradovic, M., Mingazheva, R., Misiaszek, M., Morella, M., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Neuberger, M., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Sailer, S., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A-K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Sullivan, S., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wegmann, A., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The ability to detect liquid argon scintillation light from within a densely packed high-purity germanium detector array allowed the GERDA experiment to reach an exceptionally low background rate in the search for neutrinoless double beta decay of $^{76}$Ge. Proper modeling of the light propagation throughout the experimental setup, from any origin in the liquid argon volume to its eventual detection by the novel light read-out system, provides insight into the rejection capability and is a necessary ingredient to obtain robust background predictions. In this paper, we present a model of the GERDA liquid argon veto, as obtained by Monte Carlo simulations and constrained by calibration data, and highlight its application for background decomposition.
Published: 2022
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23. Search for exotic physics in double-$\beta$ decays with GERDA Phase II

Author: The GERDA collaboration, Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Araujo, G., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Giacinto, A., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hofmann, W., Huang, J., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Marshall, G., Miloradovic, M., Mingazheva, R., Misiaszek, M., Morella, M., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Sailer, S., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A. -K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: A search for Beyond the Standard Model double-$\beta$ decay modes of $^{76}$Ge has been performed with data collected during the Phase II of the GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment, located at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso of INFN (Italy). Improved limits on the decays involving Majorons have been obtained, compared to previous experiments with $^{76}$Ge, with half-life values on the order of 10$^{23}$ yr. For the first time with $^{76}$Ge, limits on Lorentz invariance violation effects in double-$\beta$ decay have been obtained. The isotropic coefficient $\mathring{a}_\text{of}^{(3)}$, which embeds Lorentz violation in double-$\beta$ decay, has been constrained at the order of $10^{-6}$ GeV. We also set the first experimental limits on the search for light exotic fermions in double-$\beta$ decay, including sterile neutrinos.
Published: 2022

24. The new WHO 2022 and ICC proposals for the classification of myelodysplastic neoplasms. Validation based on the Düsseldorf MDS Registry and proposals for a merged classification

Author: Nachtkamp, K., Strupp, C., Vukelja, M., Kasprzak, A., Haase, D., Ganster, C., Hildebrandt, B., Betz, B., Giagounidis, A., Aul, C., Blum, S., Hofmann, W. K., Pfeilstöcker, M., Valent, P., Lübbert, M., Seidl, M., Rudelius, M., Stauder, R., Krieger, O., Götze, K. S., Bobak, J., Kündgen, A., Schulz, F., Dietrich, S., Kobbe, G., Gattermann, N., and Germing, U.
Published: 2024
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25. COVID-19-assoziierte vaskuläre Komplikationen: Ergebnisse einer Umfrage der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Gefäßchirurgie (ÖGG)

Author: Grassl, K., Hofmann, W., Schmoeller, F., Zwrtek, R., Assadian, A., Falkensammer, J., and Klocker, J.
Published: 2024
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26. A deep spectromorphological study of the $\gamma$-ray emission surrounding the young massive stellar cluster Westerlund 1

Author: Aharonian, F., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Martins, V. Barbosa, Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bi, B., Böttcher, M., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Bradascio, F., Brose, R., Brun, F., Bulik, T., Burger-Scheidlin, C., Cangemi, F., Caroff, S., Casanova, S., Cerruti, M., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chen, A., Chibueze, O., Cristofari, P., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Djannati-Ataï, A., Ernenwein, J. -P., Feijen, K., de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet, Fontaine, G., Funk, S., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Ghafourizadeh, S., Giavitto, G., Giunti, L., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Goswami, P., Grondin, M. -H., Härer, L. K., Haupt, M., Hinton, J. A., Hörbe, M., Hofmann, W., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Horns, D., Jamrozy, M., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Katarzyński, K., Katz, U., Khélifi, B., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Mezek, G. Kukec, Lang, R. G., Stum, S. Le, Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Lohse, T., Luashvili, A., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Majumdar, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Murach, T., Nakashima, K., de Naurois, M., Nayerhoda, A., Niemiec, J., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Prokhorov, D. A., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Rauth, R., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Renaud, M., Reville, B., Rieger, F., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Salzmann, H., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Shapopi, J. N. S., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Stawarz, Ł., Steenkamp, R., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Sushch, I., Suzuki, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Terrier, R., Thorpe-Morgan, C., Tsirou, M., Tsuji, N., Tuffs, R., Unbehaun, T., van Eldik, C., van Soelen, B., Vecchi, M., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vink, J., Wagner, S. J., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Yu Wun, Zacharias, M., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zhu, S. J., Zouari, S., Żywucka, N., Blackwell, R., Braiding, C., Burton, M., Cubuk, K., Filipović, M., Tothill, N., and Wong, G.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Young massive stellar clusters are extreme environments and potentially provide the means for efficient particle acceleration. Indeed, they are increasingly considered as being responsible for a significant fraction of cosmic rays (CRs) accelerated within the Milky Way. Westerlund 1, the most massive known young stellar cluster in our Galaxy is a prime candidate for studying this hypothesis. While the very-high-energy $\gamma$-ray source HESS J1646-458 has been detected in the vicinity of Westerlund 1 in the past, its association could not be firmly identified. We aim to identify the physical processes responsible for the $\gamma$-ray emission around Westerlund 1 and thus to better understand the role of massive stellar clusters in the acceleration of Galactic CRs. Using 164 hours of data recorded with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), we carried out a deep spectromorphological study of the $\gamma$-ray emission of HESS J1646-458. We furthermore employed H I and CO observations of the region to infer the presence of gas that could serve as target material for interactions of accelerated CRs. We detected large-scale ($\sim 2^\circ$ diameter) $\gamma$-ray emission with a complex morphology, exhibiting a shell-like structure and showing no significant variation with $\gamma$-ray energy. The combined energy spectrum of the emission extends to several tens of TeV, and is uniform across the entire source region. We did not find a clear correlation of the $\gamma$-ray emission with gas clouds as identified through H I and CO observations. We conclude that, of the known objects within the region, only Westerlund 1 can explain the bulk of the $\gamma$-ray emission. Several CR acceleration sites and mechanisms are conceivable, and discussed in detail. (abridged), Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures. Corresponding authors: L. Mohrmann, S. Ohm, R. Rauth, A. Specovius. v2: corrected affiliation of M. Vecchi (still incorrect in journal version)
Published: 2022
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27. Search for dark matter annihilation signals in the H.E.S.S. Inner Galaxy Survey

Author: Collaboration, H. E. S. S., Abdalla, H., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Anguner, E. O., Armand, C., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baghmanyan, V., Martins, V. Barbosa, Batzofin, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlohr, K., Bi, B., Bottcher, M., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Brose, R., Brun, F., Cangemi, F., Caroff, S., Cerruti, M., Chand, T., Chen, A., Cotter, G., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Devin, J., Djannati-Ataı, A., Dmytriiev, A., Doroshenko, V., Egberts, K., Fiasson, A., de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet, Fontaine, G., Funk, S., Gabici, S., Giavitto, G., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Grondin, M. -H., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Horns, D., Huang, Zhiqiu, Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, F., Kasai, E., Katarzynski, K., Katz, U., Khelifi, B., Kluzniak, W., Komin, Nu., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Lamanna, G., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Lohse, T., Luashvili, A., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Martı-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., Muller, J., de Naurois, M., Niemiec, J., Noel, A. Priyana, Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Poireau, V., Prokoph, H., Puhlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Renaud, M., Rieger, F., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ricarte, H. Rueda, Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Salzmann, H., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schussler, F., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Senniappan, M., Shapopi, J. N. S., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Stawarz, L., Stegmann, C., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Terrier, R., Thorpe-Morgan, C., Tluczykont, M., Tsirou, M., Tsuji, N., Uchiyama, Y., van Eldik, C., Veh, J., Vink, J., Wagner, S. J., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Yu Wun, Zacharias, M., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhu, S. J., Zouari, S., and Zywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The central region of the Milky Way is one of the foremost locations to look for dark matter (DM) signatures. We report the first results on a search for DM particle annihilation signals using new observations from an unprecedented gamma-ray survey of the Galactic Center (GC) region, ${\it i.e.}$, the Inner Galaxy Survey, at very high energies ($\gtrsim$ 100 GeV) performed with the H.E.S.S. array of five ground-based Cherenkov telescopes. No significant gamma-ray excess is found in the search region of the 2014-2020 dataset and a profile likelihood ratio analysis is carried out to set exclusion limits on the annihilation cross section $\langle \sigma v\rangle$. Assuming Einasto and Navarro-Frenk-White (NFW) DM density profiles at the GC, these constraints are the strongest obtained so far in the TeV DM mass range. For the Einasto profile, the constraints reach $\langle \sigma v\rangle$ values of $\rm 3.7\times10^{-26} cm^3s^{-1}$ for 1.5 TeV DM mass in the $W^+W^-$ annihilation channel, and $\rm 1.2 \times 10^{-26} cm^3s^{-1}$ for 0.7 TeV DM mass in the $\tau^+\tau^-$ annihilation channel. With the H.E.S.S. Inner Galaxy Survey, ground-based $\gamma$-ray observations thus probe $\langle \sigma v\rangle$ values expected from thermal-relic annihilating TeV DM particles., Comment: Accepted in Phys. Rev. Lett., includes Supplemental materials. 5+10 pages, 2+8 figures, 4 tables
Published: 2022
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28. Pulse shape analysis in GERDA Phase II

Author: The GERDA collaboration, Agostini, M., Araujo, G., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Bellotti, E., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brudanin, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hiller, R., Hofmann, W., Huang, J., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kirsch, A., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lazzaro, A., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Miloradovic, M., Mingazheva, R., Misiaszek, M., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Panas, K., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A. -K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wagner, V., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) collaboration searched for neutrinoless double-$\beta$ decay in $^{76}$Ge using isotopically enriched high purity germanium detectors at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso of INFN. After Phase I (2011-2013), the experiment benefited from several upgrades, including an additional active veto based on LAr instrumentation and a significant increase of mass by point-contact germanium detectors that improved the half-life sensitivity of Phase II (2015-2019) by an order of magnitude. At the core of the background mitigation strategy, the analysis of the time profile of individual pulses provides a powerful topological discrimination of signal-like and background-like events. Data from regular $^{228}$Th calibrations and physics data were both considered in the evaluation of the pulse shape discrimination performance. In this work, we describe the various methods applied to the data collected in GERDA Phase II corresponding to an exposure of 103.7 kg$\cdot$yr. These methods suppress the background by a factor of about 5 in the region of interest around Q$_{\beta\beta}$ = 2039 keV, while preserving (81$\pm$3)% of the signal. In addition, an exhaustive list of parameters is provided which were used in the final data analysis.
Published: 2022
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29. Time-resolved hadronic particle acceleration in the recurrent Nova RS Ophiuchi

Author: Collaboration, H. E. S. S., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Angüner, E. O., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baghmanyan, V., Martins, V. Barbosa, Batzofin, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Bi, B., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Breuhaus, M., Brose, R., Brun, F., Caroff, S., Casanova, S., Cerruti, M., Chand, T., Chen, A., Cotter, G., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Djannati-Ataï, A., Dmytriiev, A., Doroshenko, V., Duffy, C., Egberts, K., Ernenwein, J. -P., Fegan, S., Feijen, K., Fiasson, A., de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet, Fontaine, G., Füßling, M., Funk, S., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Ghafourizadeh, S., Giavitto, G., Giunti, L., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Grondin, M. -H., Hermann, G., Hinton, J. A., Hörbe, M., Hofmann, W., Hoischen, C., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Horns, D., Huang, Zhiqiu, Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, F., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Katarzyński, K., Katz, U., Khangulyan, D., Khélifi, B., Klepser, S., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Konno, R., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Stum, S. Le, Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Lohse, T., Luashvili, A., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Murach, T., Nakashima, K., de Naurois, M., Nayerhoda, A., Niemiec, J., Noel, A. Priyana, O'Brien, P., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Pita, S., Poireau, V., Prokhorov, D. A., Prokoph, H., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Renaud, M., Reville, B., Rieger, F., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ricarte, H. Rueda, Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Sailer, S., Salzmann, H., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schäfer, J., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Senniappan, M., Shapopi, J. N. S., Simoni, R., Sinha, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Stawarz, Ł., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Thorpe-Morgan, C., Tsirou, M., Tsuji, N., Tuffs, R., Uchiyama, Y., Unbehaun, T., van Eldik, C., van Soelen, B., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vink, J., Wagner, S. J., Werner, F., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Yu Wun, Yusafzai, A., Zacharias, M., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhu, S. J., Zouari, S., and Żywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Recurrent Novae are repeating thermonuclear explosions in the outer layers of white dwarfs, due to the accretion of fresh material from a binary companion. The shock generated by ejected material slamming into the companion star's wind, accelerates particles to very-high-energies. We report very-high-energy (VHE, $\gtrsim100$\,GeV) gamma rays from the recurrent nova RS\,Ophiuchi up to a month after its 2021 outburst, using the High Energy Stereoscopic System. The VHE emission has a similar temporal profile to lower-energy GeV emission, indicating a common origin, with a two-day delay in peak flux. These observations constrain models of time-dependent particle energization, favouring a hadronic emission scenario over the leptonic alternative. This confirms that shocks in dense winds provide favourable environments for efficient cosmic-ray acceleration to very-high-energies., Comment: Submitted 1st Nov. 2021, first release 10th March 2022 (accepted version)
Published: 2022
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30. Evidence for gamma-ray emission from the remnant of Kepler's supernova based on deep H.E.S.S. observations

Author: Collaboration, H. E. S. S., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Anguner, E. O., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Martins, V. Barbosa, Batzofin, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernloehr, K., Boettcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Breuhaus, M., Brose, R., Brun, F., Bulik, T., Bylund, T., Cangemi, F., Caroff, S., Casanova, S., Cerruti, M., Chand, T., Chen, A., Chibueze, O., Cotter, G., Cristofari, P., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Devin, J., Djannati-Atai, A., Dmytriiev, A., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Ernenwein, J. -P., Feijen, K., Fiasson, A., de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet, Fontaine, G., Funk, S., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Ghafourizadeh, S., Giavitto, G., Giunti, L., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Grondin, M. -H., Hoerbe, M., Hofmann, W., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Horns, D., Huang, Zhiqiu, Jamrozy, M., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Katarzynski, K., Katz, U., Khelifi, B., Kluzniak, W., Komin, Nu., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Lemiere, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Lohse, T., Luashvili, A., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Marti-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Meintjes, P. J., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Nakashima, K., de Naurois, M., Nayerhoda, A., Niemiec, J., Noel, A. Priyana, O'Brien, P., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Poireau, V., Prokhorov, D. A., Puehlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Renaud, M., Reville, B., Rieger, F., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ricarte, H. Rueda, Sahakian, V., Sailer, S., Salzmann, H., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schafer, J., Schussler, F., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Shapopi, J. N. S., Simoni, R., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Stawarz, L., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Sushch, I., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Tsirou, M., Uchiyama, Y., Unbehaun, T., van Eldik, C., Veh, J., Vink, J., Voelk, H. J., Wagner, S. J., Werner, F., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Yu Wun, Yusafzai, A., Zacharias, M., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhu, S. J., Zouari, S., and Zywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Observations with imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) have enhanced our knowledge of nearby supernova (SN) remnants with ages younger than 500 years by establishing Cassiopeia A and the remnant of Tycho's SN as very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray sources. The remnant of Kepler's SN, which is the product of the most recent naked-eye supernova in our Galaxy, is comparable in age to the other two, but is significantly more distant. If the gamma-ray luminosities of the remnants of Tycho's and Kepler's SNe are similar, then the latter is expected to be one of the faintest gamma-ray sources within reach of the current generation IACT arrays. Here we report evidence at a statistical level of 4.6 sigma for a VHE signal from the remnant of Kepler's SN based on deep observations by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) with an exposure of 152 hours. The measured integral flux above an energy of 226 GeV is ~0.3% of the flux of the Crab Nebula. The spectral energy distribution (SED) reveals a gamma-ray emitting component connecting the VHE emission observed with H.E.S.S. to the emission observed at GeV energies with Fermi-LAT. The overall SED is similar to that of the remnant of Tycho's SN, possibly indicating the same non-thermal emission processes acting in both these young remnants of thermonuclear SNe., Comment: Published in Astronomy and Astrophysics. A typo in the normalization constant in Sect. 4 was corrected
Published: 2022
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31. H.E.S.S. follow-up observations of Binary Black Hole Coalescence events during the second and third Gravitational Waves observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo

Author: collaboration, H. E. S. S., Abdalla, H., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Angüner, E. O., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baghmanyan, V., Martins, V. Barbosa, Batzofin, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Bi, B., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Brose, R., Brun, F., Bulik, T., Bylund, T., Cangemi, F., Caroff, S., Casanova, S., Chand, T., Chen, A., Cotter, G., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Devin, J., Djannati-AtaÏ, A., Egberts, K., Ernenwein, J. -P., Fegan, S., Fiasson, A., de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet, Fontaine, G., Funk, S., Gabici, S., Giavitto, G., Giunti, L., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Grondin, M. -H., Hinton, J. A., Hörbe, M., Hofmann, W., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Huang, Zhiqiu, Huber, D., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, F., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Katarzyński, K., Katz, U., Khélifi, B., Komin, Nu., Konno, R., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kundu, A., Lamanna, G., Stum, S. Le, Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Lohse, T., Luashvili, A., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Majumdar, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Meintjes, P. J., Mitchell, A., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Murach, T., de Naurois, M., Nayerhoda, A., Niemiec, J., Noel, A. Priyana, O'Brien, P., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Poireau, V., Prokhorov, D. A., Prokoph, H., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Reichherzer, P., Renaud, M., Rieger, F., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ricarte, H. Rueda, Velasco, E. Ruiz, Sahakian, V., Sailer, S., Salzmann, H., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Senniappan, M., Shapopi, J. N. S., Sinha, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Stawarz, L., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Sun, L., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Terrier, R., Thorpe-Morgan, C., Tsirou, M., Tsuji, N., Uchiyama, Y., van Eldik, C., Veh, J., Vink, J., Wagner, S. J., Werner, F., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Yu Wun, Zacharias, M., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhu, S. J., Zouari, S., and Zywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We report on the observations of four well-localized binary black hole (BBH) mergers by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) during the second and third observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo, O2 and O3. H.E.S.S. can observe $\mathrm{20\,deg^2}$ of the sky at a time and follows up gravitational-wave (GW) events by ``tiling'' localization regions to maximize the covered localization probability. During O2 and O3, H.E.S.S. observed large portions of the localization regions, between 35\% and 75\%, for four BBH mergers (GW170814, GW190512\_180714, GW190728\_064510, and S200224ca). For these four GW events, we find no significant signal from a pointlike source in any of the observations, and set upper limits on the very high energy ($>$100 GeV) $\gamma$-ray emission. The 1-10 TeV isotropic luminosity of these GW events is below $10^{45}$ erg s$^{-1}$ at the times of the H.E.S.S. observations, around the level of the low-luminosity GRB 190829A. Assuming no changes are made to how follow-up observations are conducted, H.E.S.S. can expect to observe over 60 GW events per year in the fourth GW observing run, O4, of which eight would be observable with minimal latency.
Published: 2021
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32. Searching for TeV gamma-ray emission from SGR\,1935+2154 during its 2020 X-ray and radio bursting phase

Author: Collaboration, H. E. S. S., Abdalla, H., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Anguner, E. O., Arcaro, C., Armand, C., Armstrong, T., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baghmanyan, V., Martins, V. Barbosa, Barnacka, A., Barnard, M., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlohr, K., Bi, B., Bottcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Breuhaus, M., Brose, R., Brun, F., Brun, P., Bryan, M., Buchele, M., Bulik, T., Bylund, T., Cangemi, F., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Casanova, S., Chambery, P., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chen, A., Cotter, G., lo, M. Cury, Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Davids, I. D., Davies, J., Deil, C., Devin, J., Dirson, L., Djannati-Ataï, A., Dmytriiev, A., Donath, A., Doroshenko, V., Dreyer, L., Duffy, C., Plessis, L. Du, Dyks, J., Egberts, K., Eichhorn, F., Einecke, S., Emery, G., Ernenwein, J. -P., Feijen, K., Fegan, S., Fiasson, A., de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet, Fontaine, G., Funk, S., Füßling, M., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Ghafourizade, S., Giavitto, G., Giunti, L., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Grondin, M. -H., Hahn, J., Haupt, M., Hattingh, S., Hermann, G., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Hoischen, C., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Horbe, M., Horns, D., Huang, Z., Huber, D., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, D., Jankowsky, F., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Kastendieck, M. A., Katarzyński, K., Katz, U., Khangulyan, D., Khélifi, B., Klepser, S., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Konno, R., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kreter, M., Mezek, G. Kukec, Kundu, A., Lamanna, G., Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Stum, S. Le, Leuschner, F., Levy, C., Lohse, T., Luashvili, A., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Majumdar, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Mares, A., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Meintjes, P. J., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moore, C., Morris, P., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Murach, T., Nakashima, K., Nayerhoda, A., de Naurois, M., Ndiyavala, H., Niemiec, J., Oakes, L., O'Brien, P., Odaka, H., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Peyaud, B., Piel, Q., Pita, S., Poireau, V., Noel, A. Priyana, Prokhorov, D. A., Prokoph, H., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Raab, S., Rauth, R., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Remy, Q., Renaud, M., Reville, B., Rieger, F., Rinchiuso, L., Romoli, C., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ricarte, H. Rueda, Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Sailer, S., Salzmann, H., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schäfer, J., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Senniappan, M., Seyffert, A. S., Shafi, N., Shapopi, J. N. S., Shiningayamwe, K., Simoni, R., Sinha, A., Sol, H., Spackman, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Spir-Jacob, M., Stawarz, L., Sun, L., Steenkamp, R., Stegmann, C., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Tavernier, T., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Thiersen, J. H. E., Thorpe-Morgan, C., Tiziani, D., Tluczykont, M., Tomankova, L., Trichard, C., Tsirou, M., Tsuji, N., Tuffs, R., Uchiyama, Y., van der Walt, D. J., van Eldik, C., van Rensburg, C., van Soelen, B., Vasileiadis, G., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vincent, P., Vink, J., Völk, H. J., Wadiasingh, Z., Wagner, S. J., Watson, J., Werner, F., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., deWilt, P., Wong, Yu Wun, Yassin, H., Yusafzai, A., Zacharias, M., Zanin, R., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhu, S. J., Zorn, J., Zouari, S., and Żywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Magnetar hyperflares are the most plausible explanation for fast radio bursts (FRB) -- enigmatic powerful radio pulses with durations of several milliseconds and high brightness temperatures. The first observational evidence for this scenario was obtained in 2020 April when a FRB was detected from the direction of the Galactic magnetar and soft gamma-ray repeater SGR\,1935+2154. The FRB was preceded by two gamma-ray outburst alerts by the BAT instrument aboard the Swift satellite, which triggered follow-up observations by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.). H.E.S.S. has observed SGR\,1935+2154 for 2 hr on 2020 April 28. The observations are coincident with X-ray bursts from the magnetar detected by INTEGRAL and Fermi-GBM, thus providing the first very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray observations of a magnetar in a flaring state. High-quality data acquired during these follow-up observations allow us to perform a search for short-time transients. No significant signal at energies $E>0.6$~TeV is found and upper limits on the persistent and transient emission are derived. We here present the analysis of these observations and discuss the obtained results and prospects of the H.E.S.S. follow-up program for soft gamma-ray repeaters., Comment: Received 2021 June 13; accepted 2021 June 28; published 2021 September 29
Published: 2021
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33. Observation of the gamma-ray binary HESS J0632+057 with the H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS telescopes

Author: Adams, C. B., Benbow, W., Brill, A., Buckley, J. H., Capasso, M., Chromey, A. J., Errando, M., Falcone, A., Farrell, K. A., Feng, Q., Finley, J P., Foote, G., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Gent, A., Gillanders, G. H., Giuri, C., Gueta, O., Hanna, D., Hassan, T., Hervet, O., Holder, J., Hona, B., Humensky, T. B., Jin, W., Kaaret, P., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Kleiner, T. K., Krennrich, F., Kumar, S., Lang, M. J., Lundy, M., Maier, G., McGrath, C. E., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Nieto, D., Nievas-Rosillo, M., O'Brien, S., Ong, R. A., Otte, A. N., Park, N., Patel, S., Pfrang, K., Pichel, A., Pohl, M., Prado, R. R., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reynolds, P. T., Ribeiro, D., Roache, E., Rovero, A. C., Ryan, J. L., Santander, M., Schlenstedt, S., Sembroski, G. H., Shang, R., Tak, D., Vassiliev, V. V., Weinstein, A., Williams, D. A., Williamson, T. J., Acciari, V. A., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Engels, A. Arbet, Artero, M., Asano, K., Baack, D., Babić, A., Baquero, A., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bellizzi, L., Bernardini, E., Bernardos, M., Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bhattacharyya, W., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bökenkamp, H., Bonnol, G., Bošnjak, Ž., Busetto, G., Carosi, R., Ceribella, G., Cerruti, M., Chai, Y., Chilingarian, A., Cikota, S., Colak, S. M., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., D'Amico, G., D'Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., Delfino, M., Delgado, J., Mendez, C. Delgado, Depaoli, D., Di Pierro, F., Di Venere, L., Espiñeira, E. Do Souto, Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Fattorini, A., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Fruck, C., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. J. García, Garczarczyk, M., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinović, N., Green, J. G., Green, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Heckmann, L., Herrera, J., Hoang, J., Hrupec, D., Hütten, M., Inada, T., Ishio, K., Iwamura, Y., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jormanainen, J., Jouvin, L., Karjalainen, M., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lamastra, A., Lelas, D., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, L., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira, Maggio, C., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallamaci, M., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mender, S., Mićanović, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Molina, E., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Moreno, V., Moretti, E., Nakamori, T., Nava, L., Neustroev, V., Nigro, C., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Nozaki, K. Noda S., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Otero-Santos, J., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pavletić, L., Peñil, P., Persic, M., Pihet, M., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Priyadarshi, C., Puljak, I., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Rugliancich, A., Saha, L., Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Satalecka, K., Saturni, F. G., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schweizer, T., Sitarek, J., Šnidarić, I., Spolon, D. Sobczynska A., Stamerra, A., Strišković, J., Strom, D., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Surić, T., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Teshima, M., Tosti, L., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Ubach, S., van Scherpenberg, J., Vanzo, G., Acosta, M. Vazquez, Ventura, S., Verguilov, V., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vovk, I., Will, M., Wunderlich, C., Yamamoto, T., Zarić, D., Abdalla, H., Aharonian, F., Ait-Benkhali, F., Anguener, O., Arcaro, C., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Martins, V. Barbosa, Barnard, M., Batzofin, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernloehr, K., Bi, B., Boettcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Bony, M., Breuhaus, M., Brose, R., Brun, F., Bulik, T., Caroff, S., Casanova, S., Chand, T., Chen, A., Cotter, G., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Devin, J., Djannati-Atai, A., Egberts, K., Ernenwein, J., Fegan, S., Fiasson, A., de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet, Fontaine, G., Fuessling, M., Funk, S., Gabici, S., Giavitto, G., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J., Grondin, M., Hinton, J., Hofmann, W., Holch, T., Holler, M., Horns, D., Huang, Z., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, F., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Katarzynski, K., Khelifi, B., Komin, N., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Stum, S. Le, Lemiere, A., Lenain, J., Leuschner, F., Levy, C., Lohse, T., Luashvili, A., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Majumdar, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Marti'i-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Meintjes, P., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Murach, T., de Naurois, M., Nayerhoda, A., Niemiec, J., Noel, A., O'Brien, P., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., de Ona-Wilhelmi, E., Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, D., Peron, G., Poireau, V., Prokhorov, D., Prokoph, H., Puehlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Renaud, M., Rieger, F., Romoli, C., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ricarte, H. Rueda, Velasco, E. Ruiz, Sahakian, V., Sailer, S., Salzmann, H., Sanchez, D., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schuessler, F., Schutte, H., Schwanke, U., Senniappan, M., Shapopi, J., Simoni, R., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Steenkamp, R., Steinmassl, S., Sun, L., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Terrier, R., Tsuji, N., Uchiyama, Y., van Eldik, C., van Soelen, B., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vink, J., Wagner, S., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Y. W., Zacharias, M., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A., Zech, A., Zhu, S., Zouari, S., Zywucka, N., Moritani, Y., and Torres, D. F.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The results of gamma-ray observations of the binary system HESS J0632+057 collected during 450 hours over 15 years, between 2004 and 2019, are presented. Data taken with the atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS at energies above 350 GeV were used together with observations at X-ray energies obtained with Swift-XRT, Chandra, XMM-Newton, NuSTAR, and Suzaku. Some of these observations were accompanied by measurements of the H{\alpha} emission line. A significant detection of the modulation of the VHE gamma-ray fluxes with a period of 316.7+-4.4 days is reported, consistent with the period of 317.3+-0.7 days obtained with a refined analysis of X-ray data. The analysis of data of four orbital cycles with dense observational coverage reveals short timescale variability, with flux-decay timescales of less than 20 days at very high energies. Flux variations observed over the time scale of several years indicate orbit-to-orbit variability. The analysis confirms the previously reported correlation of X-ray and gamma-ray emission from the system at very high significance, but can not find any correlation of optical H{\alpha} parameters with X-ray or gamma-ray energy fluxes in simultaneous observations. The key finding is that the emission of HESS J0632+057 in the X-ray and gamma-ray energy bands is highly variable on different time scales. The ratio of gamma-ray to X-ray flux shows the equality or even dominance of the gamma-ray energy range. This wealth of new data is interpreted taking into account the insufficient knowledge of the ephemeris of the system, and discussed in the context of results reported on other gamma-ray binary systems., Comment: Accepted for publication by The Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2021
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34. LMC N132D: A mature supernova remnant with a power-law gamma-ray spectrum extending beyond 8 TeV

Author: Collaboration, H. E. S. S., Abdalla, H., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Angüner, E. O., Arcaro, C., Armand, C., Armstrong, T., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baghmanyan, V., Martins, V. Barbosa, Barnacka, A., Barnard, M., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Bi, B., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Breuhaus, M., Brun, F., Brun, P., Bryan, M., Büchele, M., Bulik, T., Bylund, T., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Casanova, S., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chen, A., Cotter, G., Curyło, M., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Davids, I. D., Davies, J., Deil, C., Devin, J., Dirson, L., Djannati-Atai, A., Dmytriiev, A., Donath, A., Doroshenko, V., Dreyer, L., Duffy, C., Dyks, J., Egberts, K., Eichhorn, F., Einecke, S., Emery, G., Ernenwein, J. -P., Feijen, K., Fegan, S., Fiasson, A., de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet, Fontaine, G., Funk, S., Füßling, M., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Giavitto, G., Giunti, L., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Grondin, M. -H., Hahn, J., Haupt, M., Hermann, G., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Hoischen, C., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Hörbe, M., Horns, D., Huber, D., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, D., Jankowsky, F., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Kastendieck, M. A., Katarzynski, K., Katz, U., Khangulyan, D., Khélifi, B., Klepser, S., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Konno, R., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kreter, M., Lamanna, G., Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Levy, C., Lohse, T., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Majumdar, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Mares, A., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Meintjes, P. J., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moore, C., Morris, P., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Murach, T., Nakashima, K., Nayerhoda, A., de Naurois, M., Ndiyavala, H., Niemiec, J., Oakes, L., O'Brien, P., Odaka, H., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Peyaud, B., Piel, Q., Pita, S., Poireau, V., Noel, A. Priyana, Prokhorov, D. A., Prokoph, H., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Raab, S., Rauth, R., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Remy, Q., Renaud, M., Rieger, F., Rinchiuso, L., Romoli, C., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Sailer, S., Salzmann, H., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Scalici, M., Schäfer, J., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Senniappan, M., Seyffert, A. S., Shafi, N., Shapopi, J. N. S., Shiningayamwe, K., Simoni, R., Sinha, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Spir-Jacob, M., Stawarz, L., Sun, L., Steenkamp, R., Stegmann, C., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Takahashi, T., Tavernier, T., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Thiersen, J. H. E., Tiziani, D., Tluczykont, M., Tomankova, L., Trichard, C., Tsirou, M., Tuffs, R., Uchiyama, Y., van der Walt, D. J., van Eldik, C., van Rensburg, C., van Soelen, B., Vasileiadis, G., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vincent, P., Vink, J., Völk, H. J., Wadiasingh, Z., Wagner, S. J., Watson, J., Werner, F., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Yu Wun, Yusafzai, A., Zacharias, M., Zanin, R., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhu, S. J., Zorn, J., Zouari, S., and Żywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We analyzed 252 hours of High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) observations towards the supernova remnant (SNR) LMC N132D that were accumulated between December 2004 and March 2016 during a deep survey of the Large Magellanic Cloud, adding 104 hours of observations to the previously published data set to ensure a > 5 sigma detection. To broaden the gamma-ray spectral coverage required for modeling the spectral energy distribution, an analysis of Fermi-LAT Pass 8 data was also included. We unambiguously detect N132D at very high energies (VHE) with a significance of 5.7 sigma. We report the results of a detailed analysis of its spectrum and localization based on the extended H.E.S.S. data set. The joint analysis of the extended H.E.S.S and Fermi-LAT data results in a spectral energy distribution in the energy range from 1.7 GeV to 14.8 TeV, which suggests a high luminosity of N132D at GeV and TeV energies. We set a lower limit on a gamma-ray cutoff energy of 8 TeV with a confidence level of 95%. The new gamma-ray spectrum as well as multiwavelength observations of N132D when compared to physical models suggests a hadronic origin of the VHE gamma-ray emission. SNR N132D is a VHE gamma-ray source that shows a spectrum extending to the VHE domain without a spectral cutoff at a few TeV, unlike the younger oxygen-rich SNR Cassiopeia A. The gamma-ray properties of N132D may be affected by an interaction with a nearby molecular cloud that partially lies inside the 95% confidence region of the source position. [Abridged], Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Published: 2021
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35. LEGEND-1000 Preconceptual Design Report

Author: LEGEND Collaboration, Abgrall, N., Abt, I., Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Andreoiu, C., Araujo, G. R., Avignone III, F. T., Bae, W., Bakalyarov, A., Balata, M., Bantel, M., Barabanov, I., Barabash, A. S., Barbeau, P. S., Barton, C. J., Barton, P. J., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Bernieri, E., Bezrukov, L., Bhimani, K. H., Biancacci, V., Blalock, E., Bolozdynya, A., Borden, S., Bos, B., Bossio, E., Boston, A., Bothe, V., Bouabid, R., Boyd, S., Brugnera, R., Burlac, N., Busch, M., Caldwell, A., Caldwell, T. S., Carney, R., Cattadori, C., Chan, Y. -D., Chernogorov, A., Christofferson, C. D., Chu, P. -H., Clark, M., Cohen, T., Combs, D., Comellato, T., Cooper, R. J., Costa, I. A., D'Andrea, V., Detwiler, J. A., Di Giacinto, A., Di Marco, N., Dobson, J., Drobizhev, A., Durand, M. R., Edzards, F., Efremenko, Yu., Elliott, S. R., Engelhardt, A., Fajt, L., Faud, N., Febbraro, M. T., Ferella, F., Fields, D. E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Fox, H., Franchi, J., Gala, R., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Geraci, A., Gilbert, C., Gold, M., Gooch, C., Gradwohl, K. P., Green, M. P., Grinyer, G. F., Grobov, A., Gruszko, J., Guinn, I., Guiseppe, V. E., Gurentsov, V., Gurov, Y., Gusev, K., Hacket, B., Hagemann, F., Hakenmüeller, J., Haranczyk, M., Hauertmann, L., Haufe, C. R., Hayward, C., Heffron, B., Henkes, F., Henning, R., Aguilar, D. Hervas, Hinton, J., Hodak, R., Hoffmann, H., Hofmann, W., Hostiuc, A., Huang, J., Hult, M., Mirza, M. Ibrahim, Jochum, J., Jones, R., Judson, D., Junker, M., Kaizer, J., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kidd, M., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kim, I., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kontul, I., Kool, K., Kormos, L. L., Kornoukhov, V. N., Korosec, M., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., López-Castaño, J. M., Lang, K., Laubenstein, M., León, E., Lehnert, B., Leonhardt, A., Li, A., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Liu, X., Liu, J., Loomba, D., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lusardi, N., Müller, Y., Macko, M., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Mamedov, F., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Marshall, G., Martin, R. D., Martin, E. L., Massarczyk, R., Mei, D., Meijer, S. J., Mertens, S., Misiaszek, M., Mondragon, E., Morella, M., Morgan, B., Mroz, T., Muenstermann, D., Nave, C. J., Nemchenok, I., Neuberger, M., Oli, T. K., Gann, G. Orebi, Othman, G., Palušova, V., Panth, R., Papp, L., Paudel, L. S., Pelczar, K., Perez, J. Perez, Pertoldi, L., Pettus, W., Piseri, P., Poon, A. W. P., Povinec, P., Pullia, A., Radford, D. C., Ramachers, Y. A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Reine, A. L., Riboldi, S., Rielage, K., Rozov, S., Rukhadze, E., Rumyantseva, N., Runge, J., Ruof, N. W., Saakyan, R., Sailer, S., Salamanna, G., Salamida, F., Salvat, D. J., Sandukovsky, V., Schönert, S., Schültz, A., Schütt, M., Schaper, D. C., Schreiner, J., Schulz, O., Schuster, M., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shafiee, M., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shitov, Y., Simgen, H., Simkovic, F., Skorokhvatov, M., Slavickova, M., Smolek, K., Smolnikov, A., Solomon, J. A., Song, G., Starosta, K., Stekl, I., Stommel, M., Stukov, D., Sumathi, R. R., Sweigart, D. A., Szczepaniec, K., Taffarello, L., Tagnani, D., Tayloe, R., Tedeschi, D., Turqueti, M., Varner, R. L., Vasilyev, S., Veresnikova, A., Vetter, K., Vignoli, C., Vogl, C., von Sturm, K., Waters, D., Waters, J. C., Wei, W., Wiesinger, C., Wilkerson, J. F., Willers, M., Wiseman, C., Wojcik, M., Wu, V. H. -S., Xu, W., Yakushev, E., Ye, T., Yu, C. -H., Yumatov, V., Zaretski, N., Zeman, J., Zhitnikov, I., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A. -K., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We propose the construction of LEGEND-1000, the ton-scale Large Enriched Germanium Experiment for Neutrinoless $\beta \beta$ Decay. This international experiment is designed to answer one of the highest priority questions in fundamental physics. It consists of 1000 kg of Ge detectors enriched to more than 90% in the $^{76}$Ge isotope operated in a liquid argon active shield at a deep underground laboratory. By combining the lowest background levels with the best energy resolution in the field, LEGEND-1000 will perform a quasi-background-free search and can make an unambiguous discovery of neutrinoless double-beta decay with just a handful of counts at the decay $Q$ value. The experiment is designed to probe this decay with a 99.7%-CL discovery sensitivity in the $^{76}$Ge half-life of $1.3\times10^{28}$ years, corresponding to an effective Majorana mass upper limit in the range of 9-21 meV, to cover the inverted-ordering neutrino mass scale with 10 yr of live time.
Published: 2021

36. TeV emission of Galactic plane sources with HAWC and H.E.S.S

Author: Abdalla, H., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Angüner, E. O., Arcaro, C., Armand, C., Armstrong, T., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baghmanyan, V., Martins, V. Barbosa, Barnacka, A., Barnard, M., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Bi, B., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Breuhaus, M., Brose, R., Brun, F., Brun, P., Bryan, M., Büchele, M., Bulik, T., Bylund, T., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chen, A., Cotter, G., Curyło, M., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Davids, I. D., Davies, J., Deil, C., Devin, J., Dirson, L., Djannati-Ataï, A., Dmytriiev, A., Donath, A., Doroshenko, V., Dreyer, L., Duffy, C., Dyks, J., Egberts, K., Eichhorn, F., Einecke, S., Emery, G., Ernenwein, J. -P., Feijen, K., Fegan, S., Fiasson, A., de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet, Fontaine, G., Funk, S., Füßling, M., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Giavitto, G., Giunti, L., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Gottschall, D., Grondin, M. -H., Hahn, J., Haupt, M., Hermann, G., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Hoischen, C., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Hörbe, M., Horns, D., Huber, D., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, D., Jankowsky, F., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Kastendieck, M. A., Katarzyński, K., Katz, U., Khangulyan, D., Khélifi, B., Klepser, S., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Konno, R., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kreter, M., Lamanna, G., Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Levy, C., Lohse, T., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Majumdar, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Mares, A., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Meintjes, P. J., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A. M. W., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moore, C., Morris, P., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Murach, T., Nakashima, K., Nayerhoda, A., de Naurois, M., Ndiyavala, H., Niemiec, J., Oakes, L., Brien, P. O, Odaka, H., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Peyaud, B., Piel, Q., Pita, S., Poireau, V., Noel, A. Priyana, Prokhorov, D. A., Prokoph, H., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Raab, S., Rauth, R., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Remy, Q., Renaud, M., Rieger, F., Rinchiuso, L., Romoli, C., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Sahakian, V., Sailer, S., Salzmann, H., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schäfer, J., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Senniappan, M., Seyffert, A. S., Shafi, N., Shapopi, J. N. S., Shiningayamwe, K., Simoni, R., Sinha, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Spir-Jacob, M., Stawarz, Ł., Sun, L., Steenkamp, R., Stegmann, C., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Takahashi, T., Tavernier, T., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Thiersen, J. H. E., Tiziani, D., Tluczykont, M., Tomankova, L., Trichard, C., Tsirou, M., Tuffs, R., Uchiyama, Y., van der Walt, D. J., van Eldik, C., van Rensburg, C., van Soelen, B., Vasileiadis, G., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vincent, P., Vink, J., Völk, H. J., Wadiasingh, Z., Wagner, S. J., Watson, J., Werner, F., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Yu Wun, Yusafzai, A., Zacharias, M., Zanin, R., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhu, S. J., Zmija, A., Zorn, J., Zouari, S., Żywucka, N., Albert, A., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Arunbabu, K. P., Rojas, D. Avila, Belmont-Moreno, E., BenZvi, S. Y., Brisbois, C., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, De la Fuente, E., de León, C., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Durocher, M., Ellsworth, R. W., Engel, K., Espinoza, C., Fan, K. L., Alonso, M. Fernández, Fraija, N., Galván-Gámez, A., Garcia, D., García-González, J. A., Garfias, F., Giacinti, G., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Harding, J. P., Hernandez, S., Hona, B., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Kieda, D., Lee, W. H., Vargas, H. León, Linnemann, J. T., Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., López-Coto, R., Malone, K., Martinez, O., Martinez-Castellanos, I., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Morales-Soto, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nellen, L., Newbold, M., Nisa, M. U., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Omodei, N., Peisker, A., Araujo, Y. Pérez, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Greus, F. Salesa, Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Schoorlemmer, H., Serna-Franco, J., Smith, A. J., Springer, R. W., Surajbali, P., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Ureña-Mena, F., Villaseñor, L., Weisgarber, T., Willox, E., and Zhou, H.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory and the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) are two leading instruments in the ground-based very-high-energy gamma-ray domain. HAWC employs the water Cherenkov detection (WCD) technique, while H.E.S.S. is an array of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs). The two facilities therefore differ in multiple aspects, including their observation strategy, the size of their field of view and their angular resolution, leading to different analysis approaches. Until now, it has been unclear if the results of observations by both types of instruments are consistent: several of the recently discovered HAWC sources have been followed up by IACTs, resulting in a confirmed detection only in a minority of cases. With this paper, we go further and try to resolve the tensions between previous results by performing a new analysis of the H.E.S.S. Galactic plane survey data, applying an analysis technique comparable between H.E.S.S. and HAWC. Events above 1 TeV are selected for both datasets, the point spread function of H.E.S.S. is broadened to approach that of HAWC, and a similar background estimation method is used. This is the first detailed comparison of the Galactic plane observed by both instruments. H.E.S.S. can confirm the gamma-ray emission of four HAWC sources among seven previously undetected by IACTs, while the three others have measured fluxes below the sensitivity of the H.E.S.S. dataset. Remaining differences in the overall gamma-ray flux can be explained by the systematic uncertainties. Therefore, we confirm a consistent view of the gamma-ray sky between WCD and IACT techniques.
Published: 2021
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37. Feedback on the ASTRONET Science Vision and Infrastructure Roadmap from the CTA Consortium

Author: Araudo, A., Carosi, A., Hofmann, W., Iocco, F., Lenain, J. -P., Lindfors, E., Lopez, A., Meyer, M., Morlino, G., Olmi, B., Romano, P., Santander, M., Tibaldo, L., and Zanin, R.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Feedback on the ASTRONET Science Vision and Infrastructure Roadmap from the CTA Consortium., Comment: Submitted as input to the ASTRONET Science Vision and Infrastructure roadmap on behalf of the CTA consortium
Published: 2021

38. Evidence of 100 TeV $\gamma$-ray emission from HESS J1702-420: A new PeVatron candidate

Author: Abdalla, H., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Angüner, E. O., Arcaro, C., Armand, C., Armstrong, T., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baghmanyan, V., Martins, V. Barbosa, Barnacka, A., Barnard, M., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Bi, B., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Breuhaus, M., Brun, F., Brun, P., Bryan, M., Büchele, M., Bulik, T., Bylund, T., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Casanova, S., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chen, A., Cotter, G., Curyło, M., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Davids, I. D., Davies, J., Deil, C., Devin, J., Dirson, L., Djannati-Atai, A., Dmytriiev, A., Donath, A., Doroshenko, V., Dreyer, L., Duffy, C., Dyks, J., Egberts, K., Eichhorn, F., Einecke, S., Emery, G., Ernenwein, J. -P., Feijen, K., Fegan, S., Fiasson, A., de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet, Fontaine, G., Funk, S., Füßling, M., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Giavitto, G., Giunti, L., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Grondin, M. -H., Hahn, J., Haupt, M., Hermann, G., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Hoischen, C., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Hörbe, M., Horns, D., Huber, D., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, D., Jankowsky, F., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Kastendieck, M. A., Katarzynski, K., Katz, U., Khangulyan, D., Khélifi, B., Klepser, S., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Konno, R., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kreter, M., Lamanna, G., Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Levy, C., Lohse, T., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Majumdar, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Mares, A., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Meintjes, P. J., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moore, C., Morris, P., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Murach, T., Nakashima, K., Nayerhoda, A., de Naurois, M., Ndiyavala, H., Niemiec, J., Oakes, L., O'Brien, P., Odaka, H., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Peyaud, B., Piel, Q., Pita, S., Poireau, V., Noel, A. Priyana, Prokhorov, D. A., Prokoph, H., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Raab, S., Rauth, R., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Remy, Q., Renaud, M., Rieger, F., Rinchiuso, L., Romoli, C., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Sailer, S., Salzmann, H., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Scalici, M., Schäfer, J., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Senniappan, M., Seyffert, A. S., Shafi, N., Shapopi, J. N. S., Shiningayamwe, K., Simoni, R., Sinha, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Spir-Jacob, M., Stawarz, L., Sun, L., Steenkamp, R., Stegmann, C., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Takahashi, T., Tavernier, T., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Thiersen, J. H. E., Tiziani, D., Tluczykont, M., Tomankova, L., Trichard, C., Tsirou, M., Tuffs, R., Uchiyama, Y., van der Walt, D. J., van Eldik, C., van Rensburg, C., van Soelen, B., Vasileiadis, G., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vincent, P., Vink, J., Völk, H. J., Wadiasingh, Z., Wagner, S. J., Watson, J., Werner, F., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Yu Wun, Yusafzai, A., Zacharias, M., Zanin, R., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhu, S. J., Zorn, J., Zouari, S., Żywucka, N., and Acero, F.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The identification of PeVatrons, hadronic particle accelerators reaching the knee of the cosmic ray spectrum (few $10^{15}$ eV), is crucial to understand the origin of cosmic rays in the Galaxy. We provide an update on the unidentified source HESS J1702-420, a promising PeVatron candidate. We present new observations of HESS J1702-420 made with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), and processed using improved analysis techniques. The analysis configuration was optimized to enhance the collection area at the highest energies. We applied a three-dimensional (3D) likelihood analysis to model the source region and adjust non thermal radiative spectral models to the $\gamma$-ray data. We also analyzed archival data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) to constrain the source spectrum at $\gamma$-ray energies >10 GeV. We report the detection of a new source component called HESS J1702-420A, that was separated from the bulk of TeV emission at a $5.4\sigma$ confidence level. The power law $\gamma$-ray spectrum of HESS J1702-420A extends with an index of $\Gamma=1.53\pm0.19_\text{stat}\pm0.20_\text{sys}$ and without curvature up to the energy band 64-113 TeV, in which it was detected by H.E.S.S. at a $4.0\sigma$ confidence level. This brings evidence for the source emission up to $100\,\text{TeV}$, which makes HESS J1702-420A a compelling candidate site for the presence of extremely high energy cosmic rays. Remarkably, in a hadronic scenario, the cut-off energy of the proton distribution powering HESS J1702-420A is found to be higher than 0.5 PeV at a 95% confidence level. HESS J1702-420A becomes therefore one of the most solid PeVatron candidates detected so far in H.E.S.S. data, altough a leptonic origin of its emission could not be ruled out either., Comment: Accepted for publication in the 2. Astrophysical processes section of Astronomy & Astrophysics
Published: 2021
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39. Probing Dark Matter and Fundamental Physics with the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author: Iocco, F., Meyer, M., Doro, M., Hofmann, W., Pérez-Romero, J., Zaharijas, G., Aguirre-Santaella, A., Amato, E., Anguner, E. O., Antonelli, L. A., Ascasibar, Y., Balázs, C., Beck, G., Bigongiari, C., Bolmont, J., Bringmann, T., Brown, A. M., Burton, M. G., Chaty, M. Cardillo S., Cotter, G., della Volpe, D., Djannati-Ataï, A., Eckner, C., Emery, G., Fedorova, E., Filipovic, M. D., Galanti, G., Gammaldi, V., Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal, Granot, J., Green, J. G., Hayashi, K., Hernández-Cadena, S., Hiroshima, N., Hnatyk, B., Horan, D., Hütten, M., Jamrozy, M., Kohri, K., Lamastra, A., Lenain, J. -P., Lindfors, E., Liodakis, I., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., Lucarelli, F., Martinez, M., Martínez-Huerta, H., Mazin, D., Moralejo, A., Morselli, A., Mundell, C. G., Ong, R. A., Poireau, V., Reimer, O., Rico, J., Romeo, G., Romano, P., Rowell, G., Sadeh, I., Sánchez-Conde, M. A., Saturni, F. G., Sergijenko, O., Sol, H., Stamerra, A., Stolarczyk, Th., Tavecchio, F., Vercellone, S., Testa, V., Tibaldo, L., Vecchi, M., Viana, A., Vitale, V., and Zhdanov, V.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: Astrophysical observations provide strong evidence that more than 80% of all matter in the Universe is in the form of dark matter (DM). Two leading candidates of particles beyond the Standard Model that could constitute all or a fraction of the DM content are the so-called Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) and Axion-Like Particles (ALPs). The upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array, which will observe gamma rays between 20 GeV and 300 TeV with unprecedented sensitivity, will have unique capabilities to search for these DM candidates. A particularly promising target for WIMP searches is the Galactic Center. WIMPs with annihilation cross sections correctly producing the DM relic density will be detectable with CTA, assuming an Einasto-like density profile and WIMP masses between 200 GeV and 10 TeV. Regarding new physics beyond DM, CTA observations will also enable tests of fundamental symmetries of nature such as Lorentz invariance., Comment: Submitted as input to the ASTRONET Science Vision and Infrastructure roadmap on behalf of the CTA consortium
Published: 2021

40. Search for dark matter annihilation signals from unidentified Fermi-LAT objects with H.E.S.S

Author: Collaboration, H. E. S. S., Abdallah, H., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Angüner, E. O., Arcaro, C., Armand, C., Armstrong, T., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baghmanyan, V., Martins, V. Barbosa, Barnacka, A., Barnard, M., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Bi, B., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Breuhaus, M., Brose, R., Brun, F., Bulik, T., Bylund, T., Cangemi, F., Caroff, S., Casanova, S., Chambery, P., Chand, J. Catalano T., Chen, A., Cotter, G., Curylo, M., Dalgleish, H., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Davids, I. D., Davies, J., Devin, J., Djannati-Ataï, A., Dmytriiev, A., Donath, A., Doroshenko, V., Dreyer, L., Plessis, L. Du, Duffy, C., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Emery, G., Ernenwein, J. -P., Feijen, K., Fegan, S., Fiasson, A., de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet, Fontaine, G., Funk, S., Füßling, M., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Giavitto, G., Giunti, L., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Grondin, M. -H., Hattingh, S., Haupt, M., Hermann, G., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Hoischen, C., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Hörbe, M., Horns, D., Huang, Z., Huber, D., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, D., Jankowsky, F., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Katarzyński, K., Katz, U., Khangulyan, D., Khèlifi, B., Klepser, S., Kluzniak, W., Komin, Nu., Konno, R., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kreter, M., Mezek, G. Kukec, Kundu, A., Lamanna, G., Stum, S. Le, Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Levy, C., Lohse, T., Luashvili, A., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Majumdar, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Mares, A., Martì-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Meintjes, P. J., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moore, C., Morris, P., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Murach, T., Nakashima, K., Nayerhoda, A., de Naurois, M., Ndiyavala, H., Niemiec, J., Noel, A., Oberholzer, L., O'Brien, P., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panter, M., Panny, S., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Pita, S., Poireau, V., Prokhorov, D. A., Prokoph, H., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Remy, Q., Renaud, M., Rieger, F., Romoli, C., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ricarte, H. Rueda, Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Sailer, S., Salzmann, H., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Senniappan, M., Seyffert, A. S., Shapopi, J. N. S., Shiningayamwe, K., Simoni, R., Sinha, A., Sol, H., Spackman, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Spir-Jacob, M., Stawarz, L., Sun, L., Steenkamp, R., Stegmann, C., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Tavernier, T., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Morgan, C. Thorpe, Thiersen, J. H. E., Tluczykont, M., Tomankova, L., Trichard, C., Tsirou, M., Tsuji, M., Tuffs, R., Uchiyama, Y., van der Walt, D. J., van Eldik, C., van Rensburg, C., van Soelen, B., Vasileiadis, G., Veh, J., Venter, C., Viana, A., Vincent, P., Vink, J., Völk, H. J., Wagner, S. J., Werner, F., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Yu Wun, Yassin, H., Yusafzai, A., Zacharias, M., Zanin, R., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhu, S., Zmija, A., Zorn, J., Zouari, S., and Zywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Cosmological $N$-body simulations show that Milky Way-sized galaxies harbor a population of unmerged dark matter subhalos. These subhalos could shine in gamma-rays and be eventually detected in gamma-ray surveys as unidentified sources. We performed a thorough selection among unidentified Fermi-LAT Objects (UFOs) to identify them as possible TeV-scale dark matter subhalo candidates. We search for very-high-energy (E $\gtrsim$ 100 GeV) gamma-ray emissions using H.E.S.S. observations towards four selected UFOs. Since no significant very-high-energy gamma-ray emission is detected in any dataset of the four observed UFOs nor in the combined UFO dataset, strong constraints are derived on the product of the velocity-weighted annihilation cross section $\langle \sigma v \rangle$ by the $J$-factor for the dark matter models. The 95% C.L. observed upper limits derived from combined H.E.S.S. observations reach $\langle \sigma v \rangle J$ values of 3.7$\times$10$^{-5}$ and 8.1$\times$10$^{-6}$ GeV$^2$cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ in the $W^+W^-$ and $\tau^+\tau^-$ channels, respectively, for a 1 TeV dark matter mass. Focusing on thermal WIMPs, the H.E.S.S. constraints restrict the $J$-factors to lie in the range 6.1$\times$10$^{19}$ - 2.0$\times$10$^{21}$ GeV$^2$cm$^{-5}$, and the masses to lie between 0.2 and 6 TeV in the $W^+W^-$ channel. For the $\tau^+\tau^-$ channel, the $J$-factors lie in the range 7.0$\times$10$^{19}$ - 7.1$\times$10$^{20}$ GeV$^2$cm$^{-5}$ and the masses lie between 0.2 and 0.5 TeV. Assuming model-dependent predictions from cosmological N-body simulations on the $J$-factor distribution for Milky Way-sized galaxies, the dark matter models with masses greater than 0.3 TeV for the UFO emissions can be ruled out at high confidence level., Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, matches accepted version in The Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2021
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41. Polymyalgia rheumatica – eine Herausforderung in der Altersmedizin: Diagnostik und Therapie interdisziplinär dargestellt

Author: Hofmann, W., Kötter, I., Winterhalter, S., and Krupp, S.
Published: 2023
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42. Search for dark matter annihilation in the dwarf irregular galaxy WLM with H.E.S.S

Author: Collaboration, H. E. S. S., Abdallah, H., Adam, R., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Angüner, E. O., Arcaro, C., Armand, C., Armstrong, T., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baghmanyan, V., Martins, V. Barbosa, Barnacka, A., Barnard, M., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Bi, B., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Breuhaus, M., Brun, F., Brun, P., Bryan, M., Büchele, M., Bulik, T., Bylund, T., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Casanova, S., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chen, A., Cotter, G., Curylo, M., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Davids, I. D., Davies, J., Deil, C., Devin, J., deWilt, P., Dirson, L., Djannati-Ataï, A., Dmytriiev, A., Donath, A., Doroshenko, V., Duffy, C., Dyks, J., Egberts, K., Eichhorn, F., Einecke, S., Emery, G., Ernenwein, J. -P., Feijen, K., Fegan, S., Fiasson, A., de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet, Fontaine, G., Funk, S., Füßling, M., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Giavitto, G., Giunti, L., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Gottschall, D., Grondin, M. -H., Hahn, J., Haupt, M., Hermann, G., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Hoischen, C., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Hörbe, M., Horns, D., Huber, D., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, D., Jankowsky, F., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Kastendieck, M. A., Katarzyński, K., Katz, U., Khangulyan, D., Khèlifi, B., Klepser, S., Kluzniak, W., Komin, Nu., Konno, R., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kreter, M., Lamanna, G., Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Levy, C., Lohse, T., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Majumdar, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Mares, A., Martì-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Meintjes, P. J., Meyer, M., Moderski, R., Mohamed, M., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moore, C., Morris, P., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Murach, T., Nakashima, K., Nayerhoda, A., de Naurois, M., Ndiyavala, H., Niederwanger, F., Niemiec, J., Oakes, L., O'Brien, P., Odaka, H., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panter, M., Panny, S., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Peyaud, B., Piel, Q., Pita, S., Poireau, V., Noel, A. Priyana, Prokhorov, D. A., Prokoph, H., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Raab, S., Rauth, R., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Remy, Q., Renaud, M., Rieger, F., Rinchiuso, L., Romoli, C., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Sailer, S., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Scalici, M., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Schwemmer, S., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Senniappan, M., Seyffert, A. S., Shafi, N., Shiningayamwe, K., Simoni, R., Sinha, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Spir-Jacob, M., Stawarz, L., Sun, L., Steenkamp, R., Stegmann, C., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Takahashi, T., Tavernier, T., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Tiziani, D., Tluczykont, M., Tomankova, L., Trichard, C., Tsirou, M., Tuffs, R., Uchiyama, Y., van der Walt, D. J., van Eldik, C., van Rensburg, C., van Soelen, B., Vasileiadis, G., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vincent, P., Vink, J., Völk, H. J., Vuillaume, T., Wadiasingh, Z., Wagner, S. J., Watson, J., Werner, F., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Yu Wun, Yusafzai, A., Zacharias, M., Zanin, R., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhu, S., Zorn, J., Zouari, S., and Zywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We search for an indirect signal of dark matter through very high-energy gamma rays from the Wolf-Lundmark-Melotte (WLM) dwarf irregular galaxy. The pair annihilation of dark matter particles would produce Standard Model particles in the final state such as gamma rays, which might be detected by ground-based Cherenkov telescopes. Dwarf irregular galaxies represent promising targets as they are dark matter dominated objects with well measured kinematics and small uncertainties on their dark matter distribution profiles. In 2018, the H.E.S.S. five-telescope array observed the dwarf irregular galaxy WLM for 18 hours. We present the first analysis based on data obtained from an imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope for this subclass of dwarf galaxy. As we do not observe any significant excess in the direction of WLM, we interpret the result in terms of constraints on the velocity-weighted cross section for dark matter pair annihilation as a function of the dark matter particle mass for various continuum channels as well as the prompt gamma-gamma emission. For the $\tau^+\tau^-$ channel the limits reach a $\langle \sigma v \rangle$ value of about $4\times 10^{-22}$ cm3s-1 for a dark matter particle mass of 1 TeV. For the prompt gamma-gamma channel, the upper limit reaches a $\langle \sigma v \rangle$ value of about $5 \times10^{-24}$ cm3s-1 for a mass of 370 GeV. These limits represent an improvement of up to a factor 200 with respect to previous results for the dwarf irregular galaxies for TeV dark matter search., Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2021
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43. Characterization of inverted coaxial $^{76}$Ge detectors in GERDA for future double-$\beta$ decay experiments

Author: GERDA collaboration, Agostini, M., Araujo, G. R., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Bellotti, E., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brudanin, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hofmann, W., Huang, J., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Kneißl, R., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Miloradovic, M., Mingazheva, R., Misiaszek, M., Moseev, P., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A. -K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Neutrinoless double-$\beta$ decay of $^{76}$Ge is searched for with germanium detectors where source and detector of the decay are identical. For the success of future experiments it is important to increase the mass of the detectors. We report here on the characterization and testing of five prototype detectors manufactured in inverted coaxial (IC) geometry from material enriched to 88% in $^{76}$Ge. IC detectors combine the large mass of the traditional semi-coaxial Ge detectors with the superior resolution and pulse shape discrimination power of point contact detectors which exhibited so far much lower mass. Their performance has been found to be satisfactory both when operated in vacuum cryostat and bare in liquid argon within the GERDA setup. The measured resolutions at the Q-value for double-$\beta$ decay of $^{76}$Ge (Q$_{\beta\beta}$ = 2039 keV) are about 2.1 keV full width at half maximum in vacuum cryostat. After 18 months of operation within the ultra-low background environment of the GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment and an accumulated exposure of 8.5 kg$\cdot$yr, the background index after analysis cuts is measured to be $4.9^{+7.3}_{-3.4}\times 10^{-4}$ counts /(keV$\cdot$kg$\cdot$yr) around Q$_{\beta\beta}$. This work confirms the feasibility of IC detectors for the next-generation experiment LEGEND., Comment: 13 pages, 12 figures, submitted to EPJC
Published: 2021
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44. Calibration of the GERDA experiment

Author: GERDA collaboration, Agostini, M., Araujo, G. R., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Bellotti, E., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brudanin, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hiller, R., Hofmann, W., Huang, J., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Kneißl, R., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Miloradovic, M., Mingazheva, R., Misiaszek, M., Moseev, P., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A. -K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) collaboration searched for neutrinoless double-$\beta$ decay in $^{76}$Ge with an array of about 40 high-purity isotopically-enriched germanium detectors. The experimental signature of the decay is a monoenergetic signal at Q$_{\beta\beta}$ = 2039.061(7)keV in the measured summed energy spectrum of the two emitted electrons. Both the energy reconstruction and resolution of the germanium detectors are crucial to separate a potential signal from various backgrounds, such as neutrino-accompanied double-$\beta$ decays allowed by the Standard Model. The energy resolution and stability were determined and monitored as a function of time using data from regular $^{228}$Th calibrations. In this work, we describe the calibration process and associated data analysis of the full GERDA dataset, tailored to preserve the excellent resolution of the individual germanium detectors when combining data over several years., Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2021
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45. Pasture response to gibberellins : a review and recommendations

Author: Matthew, Cory, Hofmann, W. A., and Osborne, M. A.
Published: 2009

46. Observation of a sudden cessation of a very-high-energy gamma-ray flare in PKS 1510-089 with H.E.S.S. and MAGIC in May 2016

Author: Collaboration, H. E. S. S., Abdalla, H., Adam, R., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Angüner, E. O., Arcaro, C., Arm, C., Armstrong, T., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baghmanyan, V., Martins, V. Barbosa, Barnacka, A., Barnard, M., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Bi, B., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., Bonnefoy, S., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Bregeon, J., Breuhaus, M., Brun, F., Brun, P., Bryan, M., Büchele, M., Bulik, T., Bylund, T., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Casanova, S., Ch, T., Ch, S., Chen, A., Cotter, G., Curyło, M., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Davids, I. D., Davies, J., Deil, C., Devin, J., deWilt, P., Dirson, L., Djannati-Ataï, A., Dmytriiev, A., Donath, A., Doroshenko, V., Dyks, J., Egberts, K., Eichhorn, F., Einecke, S., Emery, G., Ernenwein, J. -P., Feijen, K., Fegan, S., Fiasson, A., de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet, Filipovic, M., Fontaine, G., Funk, S., Füßling, M., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Giavitto, G., Giunti, L., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Gottschall, D., Grondin, M. -H., Hahn, J., Haupt, M., Hermann, G., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Hoischen, C., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Hörbe, M., Horns, D., Huber, D., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, D., Jankowsky, F., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kastendieck, M. A., Katarzyński, K., Katz, U., Khangulyan, D., Khélifi, B., Klepser, S., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Konno, R., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kreter, M., Lamanna, G., Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Levy, C., Lohse, T., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Majumdar, J., Malyshev, D., Mar, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Mares, A., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Meintjes, P. J., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A. M. W., Moderski, R., Mohamed, M., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moore, C., Morris, P., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Murach, T., Nakashima, K., Nayerhoda, A., de Naurois, M., Ndiyavala, H., Niederwanger, F., Niemiec, J., Oakes, L., O'Brien, P., Odaka, H., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panter, M., Panny, S., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Peyaud, B., Piel, Q., Pita, S., Poireau, V., Noel, A. Priyana, Prokhorov, D. A., Prokoph, H., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Raab, S., Rauth, R., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Remy, Q., Renaud, M., Rieger, F., Rinchiuso, L., Romoli, C., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Sailer, S., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Scalici, M., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Schwemmer, S., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Senniappan, M., Seyffert, A. S., Shafi, N., Shiningayamwe, K., Simoni, R., Sinha, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Spir-Jacob, M., Stawarz, Ł., Sun, L., Steenkamp, R., Stegmann, C., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Takahashi, T., Tavernier, T., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Tiziani, D., Tluczykont, M., Tomankova, L., Trichard, C., Tsirou, M., Tuffs, R., Uchiyama, Y., van der Walt, D. J., van Eldik, C., van Rensburg, C., van Soelen, B., Vasileiadis, G., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vincent, P., Vink, J., Völk, H. J., Vuillaume, T., Wadiasingh, Z., Wagner, S. J., Watson, J., Werner, F., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Yu Wun, Yusafzai, A., Zacharias, M., Zanin, R., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhu, S. J., Zorn, J., Zouari, S., Żywucka, N., Collaboration, MAGIC, Acciari, V. A., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Engels, A. Arbet, Asano, K., Baack, D., Babić, A., Baquero, A., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bellizzi, L., Bernardini, E., Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bhattacharyya, W., Bigongiari, C., Bil, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bošnjak, Ž., Busetto, G., Carosi, R., Ceribella, G., Cerruti, M., Chai, Y., Chilingarian, A., Cikota, S., Colak, S. M., Colin, U., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., D'Amico, G., D'Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., Delfino, M., Delgado, J., Depaoli, D., Di Pierro, F., Di Venere, L., neira, E. Do Souto Espi\, Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Fattorini, A., Ferrara, G., Foffano, L., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Fruck, C., Fukami, S., López, R. J. García, Garczarczyk, M., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinović, N., Green, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Heckmann, L., Herrera, J., Hoang, J., Hrupec, D., Hütten, M., Inada, T., Inoue, S., Ishio, K., Iwamura, Y., Jouvin, L., Kajiwara, Y., Karjalainen, M., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lamastra, A., Lelas, D., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López, M., López-Coto, R., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira, Maggio, C., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallamaci, M., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Mender, S., Mićanović, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Minev, M., Mir, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Molina, E., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Moreno, V., Moretti, E., Munar-Adrover, P., Neustroev, V., Nigro, C., Nilsson, K., Ninci, D., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nozaki, S., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Otero-Santos, J., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pavletić, L., nil, P. Pe\, Perennes, C., Persic, M., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Pr, E., Priyadarshi, C., Puljak, I., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Rugliancich, A., Saha, L., Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Satalecka, K., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schweizer, T., Sitarek, J., Šnidarić, I., Sobczynska, D., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strom, D., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Surić, T., Takahashi, M., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Teshima, M., Torres-Albà, N., Tosti, L., Truzzi, S., van Scherpenberg, J., Vanzo, G., Acosta, M. Vazquez, Ventura, S., Verguilov, V., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vovk, I., Will, M., Zarić, D., Jorstad, S. G., Marscher, A. P., Boccardi, B., Casadio, C., Hodgson, J., Kim, J. -Y., Krichbaum, T. P., Lähteenmäki, A., Tornikoski, M., Traianou, E., and Weaver, Z. R.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: The flat spectrum radio quasar (FSRQ) PKS 1510-089 is known for its complex multiwavelength behavior, and is one of only a few FSRQs detected at very high energy (VHE, $E>100\,$GeV) $\gamma$-rays. VHE $\gamma$-ray observations with H.E.S.S. and MAGIC during late May and early June 2016 resulted in the detection of an unprecedented flare, which reveals for the first time VHE $\gamma$-ray intranight variability in this source. While a common variability timescale of $1.5\,$hr is found, there is a significant deviation near the end of the flare with a timescale of $\sim 20\,$min marking the cessation of the event. The peak flux is nearly two orders of magnitude above the low-level emission. For the first time, curvature is detected in the VHE $\gamma$-ray spectrum of PKS 1510-089, which is fully explained through absorption by the extragalactic background light. Optical R-band observations with ATOM reveal a counterpart of the $\gamma$-ray flare, even though the detailed flux evolution differs from the VHE ightcurve. Interestingly, a steep flux decrease is observed at the same time as the cessation of the VHE flare. In the high energy (HE, $E>100\,$MeV) $\gamma$-ray band only a moderate flux increase is observed with Fermi-LAT, while the HE $\gamma$-ray spectrum significantly hardens up to a photon index of 1.6. A search for broad-line region (BLR) absorption features in the $\gamma$-ray spectrum indicates that the emission region is located outside of the BLR. Radio VLBI observations reveal a fast moving knot interacting with a standing jet feature around the time of the flare. As the standing feature is located $\sim 50\,$pc from the black hole, the emission region of the flare may have been located at a significant distance from the black hole. If this correlation is indeed true, VHE $\gamma$ rays have been produced far down the jet where turbulent plasma crosses a standing shock., Comment: 25 pages, 17 figures. Accepted for publication by Astronomy & Astrophysics. Corresponding authors: M. Zacharias, J. Sitarek, D. Sanchez, T. Terzic
Published: 2020
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47. An extreme particle accelerator in the Galactic plane: HESS J1826$-$130

Author: Collaboration, H. E. S. S., Abdalla, H., Adam, R., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Angüner, E. O., Arcaro, C., Armand, C., Armstrong, T., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baghmanyan, V., Martins, V. Barbosa, Barnacka, A., Barnard, M., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Bi, B., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Bordas, P., Breuhaus, M., Brun, F., Brun, P., Bryan, M., Büchele, M., Bulik, T., Bylund, T., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Casanova, S., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chen, A., Cotter, G., Curyło, M., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Davids, I. D., Davies, J., Deil, C., Devin, J., deWilt, P., Dirson, L., Djannati-Ataï, A., Dmytriiev, A., Donath, A., Doroshenko, V., Duffy, C., Dyks, J., Egberts, K., Eichhorn, F., Einecke, S., Emery, G., Ernenwein, J. -P., Feijen, K., Fegan, S., Fiasson, A., de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet, Fontaine, G., Funk, S., Füßling, M., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Giavitto, G., Giunti, L., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Gottschall, D., Grondin, M. -H., Hahn, J., Haupt, M., Hermann, G., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Hoischen, C., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Hörbe, M., Horns, D., Huber, D., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, D., Jankowsky, F., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Kastendieck, M. A., Katarzyński, K., Katz, U., Khangulyan, D., Khélifi, B., Klepser, S., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Konno, R., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kreter, M., Lamanna, G., Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Levy, C., Lohse, T., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Majumdar, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Mares, A., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Meintjes, P. J., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Mohamed, M., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moore, C., Morris, P., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Murach, T., Nakashima, K., Nayerhoda, A., de Naurois, M., Ndiyavala, H., Niederwanger, F., Niemiec, J., Oakes, L., O'Brien, P., Odaka, H., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Oya, I., Panter, M., Panny, S., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Peyaud, B., Piel, Q., Pita, S., Poireau, V., Noel, A. Priyana, Prokhorov, D. A., Prokoph, H., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Raab, S., Rauth, R., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Remy, Q., Renaud, M., Rieger, F., Rinchiuso, L., Romoli, C., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Sailer, S., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Scalici, M., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Schwemmer, S., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Senniappan, M., Seyffert, A. S., Shafi, N., Shiningayamwe, K., Simoni, R., Sinha, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Spir-Jacob, M., Stawarz, Ł., Sun, L., Steenkamp, R., Stegmann, C., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Takahashi, T., Tavernier, T., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Tiziani, D., Tluczykont, M., Tomankova, L., Trichard, C., Tsirou, M., Tuffs, R., Uchiyama, Y., van der Walt, D. J., van Eldik, C., van Rensburg, C., van Soelen, B., Vasileiadis, G., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vincent, P., Vink, J., Völk, H. J., Vuillaume, T., Wadiasingh, Z., Wagner, S. J., Watson, J., Werner, F., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Yu Wun, Yusafzai, A., Zacharias, M., Zanin, R., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhu, S. J., Ziegler, A., Zorn, J., Zouari, S., and Żywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The unidentified very-high-energy (VHE; E $>$ 0.1 TeV) $\gamma$-ray source, HESS J1826$-$130, was discovered with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS) in the Galactic plane. The analysis of 215 h of HESS data has revealed a steady $\gamma$-ray flux from HESS J1826$-$130, which appears extended with a half-width of 0.21$^{\circ}$ $\pm$ 0.02$^{\circ}_{\text{stat}}$ $\pm$ 0.05$^{\circ}_{\text{sys}}$. The source spectrum is best fit with either a power-law function with a spectral index $\Gamma$ = 1.78 $\pm$ 0.10$_{\text{stat}}$ $\pm$ 0.20$_{\text{sys}}$ and an exponential cut-off at 15.2$^{+5.5}_{-3.2}$ TeV, or a broken power-law with $\Gamma_{1}$ = 1.96 $\pm$ 0.06$_{\text{stat}}$ $\pm$ 0.20$_{\text{sys}}$, $\Gamma_{2}$ = 3.59 $\pm$ 0.69$_{\text{stat}}$ $\pm$ 0.20$_{\text{sys}}$ for energies below and above $E_{\rm{br}}$ = 11.2 $\pm$ 2.7 TeV, respectively. The VHE flux from HESS J1826$-$130 is contaminated by the extended emission of the bright, nearby pulsar wind nebula (PWN), HESS J1825$-$137, particularly at the low end of the energy spectrum. Leptonic scenarios for the origin of HESS J1826$-$130 VHE emission related to PSR J1826$-$1256 are confronted by our spectral and morphological analysis. In a hadronic framework, taking into account the properties of dense gas regions surrounding HESS J1826$-$130, the source spectrum would imply an astrophysical object capable of accelerating the parent particle population up to $\gtrsim$200 TeV. Our results are also discussed in a multiwavelength context, accounting for both the presence of nearby supernova remnants (SNRs), molecular clouds, and counterparts detected in radio, X-rays, and TeV energies., Comment: 9 Pages, 5 Figures
Published: 2020
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48. Sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array for probing cosmology and fundamental physics with gamma-ray propagation

Author: Consortium, The Cherenkov Telescope Array, Abdalla, H., Abe, H., Acero, F., Acharyya, A., Adam, R., Agudo, I., Aguirre-Santaella, A., Alfaro, R., Alfaro, J., Alispach, C., Aloisio, R., B, R. Alves, Amati, L., Amato, E., Ambrosi, G., Angüner, E. O., Araudo, A., Armstrong, T., Arqueros, F., Arrabito, L., Asano, K., Ascasíbar, Y., Ashley, M., Backes, M., Balazs, C., Balbo, M., Balmaverde, B., Larriva, A. Baquero, Martins, V. Barbosa, Barkov, M., Baroncelli, L., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batista, P., Becerra, J., Becherini, Y., Beck, G., Tjus, J. Becker, Belmont, R., Benbow, W., Bernardini, E., Berti, A., Berton, M., Bertucci, B., Beshley, V., Bi, B., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Bissaldi, E., Biteau, J., Blanch, O., Bocchino, F., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., Bonanno, G., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., Bottacini, E., Böttcher, M., Bozhilov, V., Bregeon, J., Brill, A., Brown, A. M., Bruno, P., Bruno, A., Bulgarelli, A., Burton, M., Buscemi, M., Caccianiga, A., Cameron, R., Capasso, M., Caprai, M., Caproni, A., Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R., Caraveo, P., Carosi, R., Carosi, A., Casanova, S., Cascone, E., Cauz, D., Cerny, K., Cerruti, M., Chadwick, P., Chaty, S., Chen, A., Chernyakova, M., Chiaro, G., Chiavassa, A., Chytka, L., Conforti, V., Conte, F., Contreras, J. L., Coronado-Blazquez, J., Cortina, J., Costa, A., Costantini, H., Covino, S., Cristofari, P., Cuevas, O., D'Ammando, F., Daniel, M. K., Davies, J., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Caprio, V., Anjos, R. de Cássia dos, Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal, De Lotto, B., De Martino, D., de Naurois, M., Wilhelmi, E. de Oña, De Palma, F., de Souza, V., Delgado, C., Della Ceca, R., della Volpe, D., Depaoli, D., Di Girolamo, T., Di Pierro, F., Díaz, C., Díaz-Bahamondes, C., Diebold, S., Djannati-Ataï, A., Dmytriiev, A., Domínguez, A., Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Dournaux, J., Dwarkadas, V. V., Ebr, J., Eckner, C., Einecke, S., Ekoume, T. R. N., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Evoli, C., Fairbairn, M., Falceta-Goncalves, D., Fegan, S., Feng, Q., Ferrand, G., Fiandrini, E., Fiasson, A., Fioretti, V., Foffano, L., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Fontaine, G., Franco, F. J., Coromina, L. Freixas, Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., Fukui, Y., Gaggero, D., Galanti, G., Gammaldi, V., Garcia, E., Garczarczyk, M., Gascon, D., Gaug, M., Gent, A., Ghalumyan, A., Ghirlanda, G., Gianotti, F., Giarrusso, M., Giavitto, G., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glicenstein, J., Goldoni, P., González, J. M., Gourgouliatos, K., Grabarczyk, T., Grandi, P., Granot, J., Grasso, D., Green, J., Grube, J., Gueta, O., Gunji, S., Halim, A., Harvey, M., Collado, T. Hassan, Hayashi, K., Heller, M., Cadena, S. Hernández, Hervet, O., Hinton, J., Hiroshima, N., Hnatyk, B., Hnatyk, R., Hoffmann, D., Hofmann, W., Holder, J., Horan, D., Hörandel, J., Horvath, P., Hovatta, T., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Hütten, M., Iarlori, M., Inada, T., Inoue, S., Insolia, A., Ionica, M., Iori, M., Jacquemont, M., Jamrozy, M., Janecek, P., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jin, W., Jung-Richardt, I., Jurysek, J., Kaaret, P., Karas, V., Karkar, S., Kawanaka, N., Kerszberg, D., Khélifi, B., Kissmann, R., Knödlseder, J., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Komin, N., Kong, A., Kosack, K., Kubo, H., La Palombara, N., Lamanna, G., Lang, R. G., Lapington, J., Laporte, P., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J., Leone, F., Leto, G., Leuschner, F., Lindfors, E., Lloyd, S., Lohse, T., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., Lopez, A., López, M., López-Coto, R., Loporchio, S., Lucarelli, F., Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Lyard, E., Maggio, C., Majczyna, A., Makariev, M., Mallamaci, M., Mandat, D., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Marcowith, A., Marculewicz, M., Markoff, S., Marquez, P., Martí, J., Martinez, O., Martínez, M., Martínez, G., Martínez-Huerta, H., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Mbarubucyeye, J. D., Miranda, D. Medina, Meyer, M., Micanovic, S., Miener, T., Minev, M., Miranda, J. M., Mitchell, A., Mizuno, T., Mode, B., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Moralejo, A., Merino, J. Morales, Morcuende-Parrilla, D., Morselli, A., Mukherjee, R., Mundell, C., Murach, T., Muraishi, H., Nagai, A., Nakamori, T., Nemmen, R., Niemiec, J., Nieto, D., Nievas, M., Nikołajuk, M., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Nozaki, S., O'Brien, P., Ohira, Y., Ohishi, M., Oka, T., Ong, R. A., Orienti, M., Orito, R., Orlandini, M., Orlando, E., Osborne, J. P., Ostrowski, M., Oya, I., Pagliaro, A., Palatka, M., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paredes, J. M., Parmiggiani, N., Patricelli, B., Pavletić, L., Pe'er, A., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Peresano, M., Persic, M., Petruk, O., Pfrang, K., Piatteli, P., Pietropaolo, E., Pillera, R., Pilszyk, B., Pimentel, D., Pintore, F., Pita, S., Pohl, M., Poireau, V., Polo, M., Prado, R. R., Prast, J., Principe, G., Produit, N., Prokoph, H., Prouza, M., Przybilski, H., Pueschel, E., Pühlhofer, G., Pumo, M. L., Punch, M., Queiroz, F., Quirrenbach, A., Rando, R., Razzaque, S., Rebert, E., Recchia, S., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, O., Reimer, A., Renier, Y., Reposeur, T., Rhode, W., Ribeiro, D., Ribó, M., Richtler, T., Rico, J., Rieger, F., Rizi, V., Rodriguez, J., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Ramirez, J. C. Rodriguez, Vázquez, J. J. Rodríguez, Romano, P., Romeo, G., Roncadelli, M., Rosado, J., de Leon, A. Rosales, Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Rujopakarn, W., Russo, F., Sadeh, I., Saha, L., Saito, T., Greus, F. Salesa, Sanchez, D., Sánchez-Conde, M., Sangiorgi, P., Sano, H., Santander, M., Santos, E. M., Sanuy, A., Sarkar, S., Saturni, F. G., Sawangwit, U., Scherer, A., Schleicher, B., Schovanek, P., Schussler, F., Schwanke, U., Sciacca, E., Scuderi, S., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Sergijenko, O., Servillat, M., Seweryn, K., Shalchi, A., Sharma, P., Shellard, R. C., Siejkowski, H., Sinha, A., Sliusar, V., Slowikowska, A., Sokolenko, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Spiga, D., Stamerra, A., Stanič, S., Starling, R., Stolarczyk, T., Straumann, U., Strišković, J., Suda, Y., Świerk, P., Tagliaferri, G., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, M., Tavecchio, F., Taylor, L., Tejedor, L. A., Temnikov, P., Terrier, R., Terzic, T., Testa, V., Tian, W., Tibaldo, L., Tonev, D., Torres, D. F., Torresi, E., Tosti, L., Tothill, N., Tovmassian, G., Travnicek, P., Truzzi, S., Tuossenel, F., Umana, G., Vacula, M., Vagelli, V., Valentino, M., Vallage, B., Vallania, P., van Eldik, C., Varner, G. S., Vassiliev, V., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Vecchi, M., Veh, J., Vercellone, S., Vergani, S., Verguilov, V., Vettolani, G. P., Viana, A., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vorobiov, S., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Wagner, S. J., Walter, R., Watson, J., White, M., White, R., Wiemann, R., Wierzcholska, A., Will, M., Williams, D. A., Wischnewski, R., Wolter, A., Yamazaki, R., Yanagita, S., Yang, L., Yoshikoshi, T., Zacharias, M., Zaharijas, G., Zaric, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zavrtanik, D., Zech, A., Zechlin, H., Zhdanov, V. I., and Živec, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), the new-generation ground-based observatory for $\gamma$-ray astronomy, provides unique capabilities to address significant open questions in astrophysics, cosmology, and fundamental physics. We study some of the salient areas of $\gamma$-ray cosmology that can be explored as part of the Key Science Projects of CTA, through simulated observations of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and of their relativistic jets. Observations of AGN with CTA will enable a measurement of $\gamma$-ray absorption on the extragalactic background light with a statistical uncertainty below 15% up to a redshift $z=2$ and to constrain or detect $\gamma$-ray halos up to intergalactic-magnetic-field strengths of at least 0.3pG. Extragalactic observations with CTA also show promising potential to probe physics beyond the Standard Model. The best limits on Lorentz invariance violation from $\gamma$-ray astronomy will be improved by a factor of at least two to three. CTA will also probe the parameter space in which axion-like particles could constitute a significant fraction, if not all, of dark matter. We conclude on the synergies between CTA and other upcoming facilities that will foster the growth of $\gamma$-ray cosmology., Comment: 71 pages (including affiliations and references), 13 figures, 6 tables. Accepted in JCAP; matches published version. Corresponding authors: Jonathan Biteau, Julien Lefaucheur, Humberto Martinez-Huerta, Manuel Meyer, Santiago Pita, Ievgen Vovk
Published: 2020
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49. Final Results of GERDA on the Search for Neutrinoless Double-$\beta$ Decay

Author: GERDA collaboration, Agostini, M., Araujo, G. R., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Bellotti, E., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Borowicz, D., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brudanin, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hiller, R., Hofmann, W., Huang, J., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Kneißl, R., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lazzaro, A., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Miloradovic, M., Mingazheva, R., Misiaszek, M., Moseev, P., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Panas, K., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A. -K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment searched for the lepton-number-violating neutrinoless double-$\beta$ ($0\nu\beta\beta$) decay of $^{76}$Ge, whose discovery would have far-reaching implications in cosmology and particle physics. By operating bare germanium diodes, enriched in $^{76}$Ge, in an active liquid argon shield, GERDA achieved an unprecedently low background index of $5.2\times10^{-4}$ counts/(keV$\cdot$kg$\cdot$yr) in the signal region and met the design goal to collect an exposure of 100 kg$\cdot$yr in a background-free regime. When combined with the result of Phase I, no signal is observed after 127.2 kg$\cdot$yr of total exposure. A limit on the half-life of $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay in $^{76}$Ge is set at $T_{1/2}>1.8\times10^{26}$ yr at 90% C.L., which coincides with the sensitivity assuming no signal., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters
Published: 2020
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50. Search for dark matter signals towards a selection of recently-detected DES dwarf galaxy satellites of the Milky Way with H.E.S.S

Author: Collaboration, H. E. S. S., Abdallah, H., Adam, R., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Angüner, E. O., Arakawa, M., Arcaro, C., Armand, C., Armstrong, T., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baghmanyan, V., Martins, V. Barbosa, Barnacka, A., Barnard, M., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., Bonnefoy, S., Breuhaus, M., Bregeon, J., Brun, F., Brun, P., Bryan, M., Büchele, M., Bulik, T., Bylund, T., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Casanova, S., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chen, A., Cotter, G., Curyło, M., Davids, I. D., Davies, J., Deil, C., Devin, J., deWilt, P., Dirson, L., Djannati-Ataï, A., Dmytriiev, A., Donath, A., Doroshenko, V., Dyks, J., Egberts, K., Eichhorn, F., Emery, G., Ernenwein, J. -P., Eschbach, S., Feijen, K., Fegan, S., Fiasson, A., Fontaine, G., Funk, S., Füßling, M., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Giavitto, G., Giunti, L., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Gottschall, D., Grondin, M. -H., Hahn, J., Haupt, M., Hermann, G., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Hoischen, C., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Hörbe, M., Horns, D., Huber, D., Iwasaki, H., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, D., Jankowsky, F., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kastendieck, M. A., Katarzyński, K., Katsuragawa, M., Katz, U., Khangulyan, D., Khélifi, B., Klepser, S., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Konno, R., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kreter, M., Lamanna, G., Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leser, E., Levy, C., Lohse, T., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Majumdar, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Mares, A., Martì-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Meintjes, P. J., Moderski, R., Mohamed, M., Mohrmann, L., Moore, C., Morris, P., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Murach, T., Nakashima, K., Nakashima, S., de Naurois, M., Ndiyavala, H., Niederwanger, F., Niemiec, J., Oakes, L., O'Brien, P., Odaka, H., Ohm, S., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Peyaud, B., Piel, Q., Pita, S., Poireau, V., Noel, A. Priyana, Prokhorov, D. A., Prokoph, H., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Raab, S., Rauth, R., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Remy, Q., Renaud, M., Rieger, F., Rinchiuso, L., Romoli, C., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Sailer, S., Saito, S., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Scalici, M., Schüssler, F., Schutter, H. M., Schwanke, U., Schwemmer, S., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Senniappan, M., Seyffert, A. S., Shafi, N., Shiningayamwe, K., Simoni, R., Sinha, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Spir-Jacob, M., Stawarz, Ł., Steenkamp, R., Stegmann, C., Steppa, C., Takahashi, T., Tavernier, T., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Tiziani, D., Tluczykont, M., Tomankova, L., Trichard, C., Tsirou, M., Tsuji, N., Tuffs, R., Uchiyama, Y., van der Walt, D. J., van Eldik, C., van Rensburg, C., van Soelen, B., Vasileiadis, G., Veh, J., Venter, C., Viana, A., Vincent, P., Vink, J., Völk, H. J., Vuillaume, T., Wadiasingh, Z., Wagner, S. J., Watson, J., Werner, F., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Yang, R., Yoneda, H., Zacharias, M., Zanin, R., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhu, S., Zorn, J., and Żywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Dwarf spheroidal galaxy satellites of the Milky Way are prime targets for indirect detection of dark matter with gamma rays due to their proximity, high dark matter content and absence of non-thermal emission processes. Recently, the Dark Energy Survey (DES) revealed the existence of new ultra-faint dwarf spheroidal galaxies in the southern-hemisphere sky, therefore ideally located for ground-based observations with the imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope array H.E.S.S. We present a search for very-high-energy ($E\gtrsim100$ GeV) gamma-ray emission using H.E.S.S. observations carried out recently towards Reticulum II, Tucana II, Tucana III, Tucana IV and Grus II satellites. No significant very-high-energy gamma-ray excess is found from the observations on any individual object nor in the combined analysis of all the datasets. Using the most recent modeling of the dark matter distribution in the dwarf galaxy halo, we compute for the first time on DES satellites individual and combined constraints from Cherenkov telescope observations on the annihilation cross section of dark matter particles in the form of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles. The combined 95% C.L. observed upper limits reach $\langle \sigma v \rangle \simeq 1 \times 10^{-23}$ cm$^3$s$^{-1}$ in the $W^+W^-$ channel and $4 \times 10^{-26}$ cm$^3$s$^{-1}$ in the $\gamma\gamma$ channels for a dark matter mass of 1.5 TeV. The H.E.S.S. constraints well complement the results from Fermi-LAT, HAWC, MAGIC and VERITAS and are currently the most stringent in the $\gamma\gamma$ channels in the multi-GeV/multi-TeV mass range., Comment: 20 pages, 12 figures
Published: 2020
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