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Paper is the material of choice for a large range of applications because it has many favorable environmental and economic characteristics. Especially in the packaging sector of dry goods and food products, paper has found unique applications. For that purpose, it has to fulfill certain requirements: Primarily it should protect the packaged goods. In order to ensure the compliance of a paper packaging, its interactions with the packaged goods should be investigated. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to understand how the paper interacts with chemicals of different nature and what factors influence these interactions-be that the nature of the paper or the characteristics of the substances. In this study, we investigated the surface interactions of cellulose thin films with n-decane and deuterated methanol using two different analytical methods: headspace solid-phase microextraction with gas chromatography and flame ionization detection (HS-SPME-GC/FID) and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD). Cellulose thin films were characterized with contact angle and FT-IR measurements and successfully applied as model systems for real paper samples. Regarding the interactions of the cellulose films with the model compounds, the two inherently different methods, HS-SPME-GC/FID and TPD, provide very comparable results. While the nonpolar n-decane was readily released from the cellulose films, the polar model compound deuterated methanol showed a strong interaction with the polar cellulose surface., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Hoffellner, Henögl, Petschacher, Schennach and Leitner.)

234 Austrian women gave birth to a child in the years 1972--74 before the age of 18. 95 of them were invited to an interview and interrogated about changes in their life-situation due to the birth. The general attitude was, if they could choose again the date of the first pregnancy they would prefer after 20 years. No correlation was found between early menarche and early sexual intercourse. For 60 of the women pregnancy was the reason for their marriage. Most of the young women had experience with contraceptives, but did not use them for different reasons. After the birth of the child most of them took the pill, but there are 11 women left without any contraception, exposing themselves to the risk of a repeat pregnancy. Young age at birth has an impact upon pre-vocational training: either through interruption of the training or through total discontinuation of their education. A possible solution of the present unsatisfactory situation for young pregnant women and their social problems are interdisciplinary projects for the guidance of adolescents in some centers in the USA.