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174 results on '"Hodnebrog, Ø."'

1. The added value of simulated near-surface wind speed over the Alps from a km-scale multimodel ensemble

Author

Molina, M. O., Careto, J. M., Gutiérrez, C., Sánchez, E., Goergen, K., Sobolowski, S., Coppola, E., Pichelli, E., Ban, N., Belus̆ić, D., Short, C., Caillaud, C., Dobler, A., Hodnebrog, Ø., Kartsios, S., Lenderink, G., de Vries, H., Göktürk, O., Milovac, J., Feldmann, H., Truhetz, H., Demory, M. E., Warrach-Sagi, K., Keuler, K., Adinolfi, M., Raffa, M., Tölle, M., Sieck, K., Bastin, S., and Soares, P. M. M.

Published
2024
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2. Investigating the representation of heatwaves from an ensemble of km-scale regional climate simulations within CORDEX-FPS convection

Author

Sangelantoni, L., Sobolowski, S., Lorenz, T., Hodnebrog, Ø., Cardoso, R. M., Soares, P. M. M., Ferretti, R., Lavín-Gullón, A., Fernandez, J., Goergen, K., Milovac, J., Katragkou, E., Kartsios, S., Coppola, E., Pichelli, E., Adinolfi, M., Mercogliano, P., Berthou, S., de Vries, H., Dobler, A., Belušić, D., Feldmann, H., Tölle, M. H., and Bastin, S.

Published
2024
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3. Precipitation frequency in Med-CORDEX and EURO-CORDEX ensembles from 0.44° to convection-permitting resolution: impact of model resolution and convection representation

Author

Ha, Minh T., Bastin, Sophie, Drobinski, Philippe, Fita, L., Polcher, J., Bock, O., Chiriaco, M., Belušić, D., Caillaud, C., Dobler, A., Fernandez, J., Goergen, K., Hodnebrog, Ø., Kartsios, S., Katragkou, E., Lavin-Gullon, A., Lorenz, T., Milovac, J., Panitz, H.-J., Sobolowski, S., Truhetz, H., Warrach-Sagi, K., and Wulfmeyer, V.

Published
2024
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6. Multi-model simulations of aerosol and ozone radiative forcing due to anthropogenic emission changes during the period 1990–2015

Author

Myhre, G, Aas, W, Cherian, R, Collins, W, Faluvegi, G, Flanner, M, Forster, P, Hodnebrog, Ø, Klimont, Z, Lund, MT, Mülmenstädt, J, Lund Myhre, C, Olivié, D, Prather, M, Quaas, J, Samset, BH, Schnell, JL, Schulz, M, Shindell, D, Skeie, RB, Takemura, T, and Tsyro, S

Subjects
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Atmospheric Sciences, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract

Over the past few decades, the geographical distribution of emissions of substances that alter the atmospheric energy balance has changed due to economic growth and air pollution regulations. Here, we show the resulting changes to aerosol and ozone abundances and their radiative forcing using recently updated emission data for the period 1990-2015, as simulated by seven global atmospheric composition models. The models broadly reproduce large-scale changes in surface aerosol and ozone based on observations (e.g.-1 to-3%yr-1 in aerosols over the USA and Europe). The global mean radiative forcing due to ozone and aerosol changes over the 1990-2015 period increased by +0.17±0.08Wm-2, with approximately one-third due to ozone. This increase is more strongly positive than that reported in IPCC AR5. The main reasons for the increased positive radiative forcing of aerosols over this period are the substantial reduction of global mean SO2 emissions, which is stronger in the new emission inventory compared to that used in the IPCC analysis, and higher black carbon emissions.

Published
2017

8. Drivers of Precipitation Change : An Energetic Understanding

Author

Richardson, T. B., Forster, P. M., Andrews, T., Boucher, O., Faluvegi, G., Fläschner, D., Hodnebrog, Ø., Kasoar, M., Kirkevåg, A., Lamarque, J.-F., Myhre, G., Olivié, D., Samset, B. H., Shawki, D., Shindell, D., Takemura, T., and Voulgarakis, A.

Published
2018

9. A first-of-its-kind multi-model convection permitting ensemble for investigating convective phenomena over Europe and the Mediterranean

Author

Coppola, Erika, Sobolowski, Stefan, Pichelli, E., Raffaele, F., Ahrens, B., Anders, I., Ban, N., Bastin, S., Belda, M., Belusic, D., Caldas-Alvarez, A., Cardoso, R. M., Davolio, S., Dobler, A., Fernandez, J., Fita, L., Fumiere, Q., Giorgi, F., Goergen, K., Güttler, I., Halenka, T., Heinzeller, D., Hodnebrog, Ø., Jacob, D., Kartsios, S., Katragkou, E., Kendon, E., Khodayar, S., Kunstmann, H., Knist, S., Lavín-Gullón, A., Lind, P., Lorenz, T., Maraun, D., Marelle, L., van Meijgaard, E., Milovac, J., Myhre, G., Panitz, H.-J., Piazza, M., Raffa, M., Raub, T., Rockel, B., Schär, C., Sieck, K., Soares, P. M. M., Somot, S., Srnec, L., Stocchi, P., Tölle, M. H., Truhetz, H., Vautard, R., de Vries, H., and Warrach-Sagi, K.

Published
2020
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10. The influence of future non-mitigated road transport emissions on regional ozone exceedences at global scale

Author

Williams, JE, Hodnebrog, Ø, van Velthoven, PFJ, Berntsen, TK, Dessens, O, Gauss, M, Grewe, V, Isaksen, ISA, Olivié, D, Prather, MJ, and Tang, Q

Subjects
Air quality, Road traffic emissions, 3D global chemistry modelling, Future trends, Statistics, Atmospheric Sciences, Environmental Engineering, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

Road Transport emissions (RTE) are a significant anthropogenic global NOx source responsible for enhancing the chemical production of tropospheric ozone (O3) in the lower troposphere. Here we analyse a multi-model ensemble which adopts the realistic SRES A1B emission scenario and a "policy-failure" scenario for RTE (A1B_HIGH) for the years 2000, 2025 and 2050. Analysing the regional trends in RTE NOx estimates shows by 2025 that differences of 0.2-0.3TgNyr-1 occur for most of the world regions between the A1B and A1B_HIGH estimates, except for Asia where there is a larger difference of ~1.4TgNyr-1. For 2050 these differences fall to ~0.1TgNyr-1, with shipping emissions becoming as important as RTE. Analysing the seasonality in near-surface O3 from the multi-model ensemble monthly mean values shows a large variability in the projected changes between different regions. For Western Europe and the Eastern US although the peak O3 mixing ratios decrease by ~10% in 2050, there is an associated degradation during wintertime due to less direct titration from nitric oxide. For regions such as Eastern China, although total anthropogenic NOx emissions are reduced from 2025 to 2050, there is no real improvement in peak O3 levels. By normalizing the seasonal ensemble means of near-surface O3 (0-500m) with the recommended European Commission (EC) exposure limit to derive an exceedence ratio (ER), we show that ER values greater than 1.0 occur across a wide area in the Northern Hemisphere for boreal summer using the year 2000 emissions. When adopting the future A1B_HIGH estimates, the Middle East exhibits the worst regional air quality, closely followed by Asia. For these regions the area of exceedence (ER>1.0) for 2025 is ~40% and ~25% of the total area of each region, respectively. Comparing simulations employing the various scenarios shows that unmitigated RTE increases the area of exceedence in the Middle East by ~6% and, for Asia, by ~2% of the total regional areas. For the USA the area of exceedence approximately doubles in 2025 as a result of unmitigated RTE, with the most exceedences occurring in the southern USA. The effects across the various regions implies that unmitigated RTE would have a detrimental effect on regional health for 2025, and potentially offset the benefits introduced by mitigating e.g. international shipping emissions. By 2050 the further mitigation of non-transport emissions results in much cleaner air meaning that mitigation of RTE is not critical for achieving the defined limits in many world regions. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.

Published
2014

11. The added value of the km-scale multimodel ensemble of the FPS-Convection to describe wind speed over the Alps

Author

Molina, María Ofelia, primary, Careto, JM, additional, Gutiérrez, C., additional, Sánchez, E., additional, Goergen, K., additional, Sobolowski, S., additional, Coppola, E., additional, Pichelli, E., additional, Ban, N., additional, Belusíc, D., additional, Short, C., additional, Caillaud, C., additional, Dobler, A., additional, Hodnebrog, Ø., additional, Kartsios, S., additional, Lenderink, G., additional, de Vries, H., additional, Göktürk, O., additional, Milovac, J., additional, Feldmann, H., additional, Truhetz, H., additional, Demory, ME., additional, Warrach-Sagi, K., additional, Keuler, K., additional, Adinolfi, M., additional, Raffa, M., additional, Tölle, M., additional, Sieck, K., additional, Bastin, S., additional, and Soares, PMM., additional

Published
2023
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14. Investigating the representation of heatwaves from an ensemble of km-scale regional climate simulations within CORDEX-FPS convection

Author

Sangelantoni, L., primary, Sobolowski, S., additional, Lorenz, T., additional, Hodnebrog, Ø., additional, Cardoso, R. M., additional, Soares, P. M. M., additional, Ferretti, R., additional, Lavín-Gullón, A., additional, Fernandez, J., additional, Goergen, K., additional, Milovac, J., additional, Katragkou, E., additional, Kartsios, S., additional, Coppola, E., additional, Pichelli, E., additional, Adinolfi, M., additional, Mercogliano, P., additional, Berthou, S., additional, de Vries, H., additional, Dobler, A., additional, Belušić, D., additional, Feldmann, H., additional, Tölle, M. H., additional, and Bastin, S., additional

Published
2023
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16. The 2015 edition of the GEISA spectroscopic database

Author

Jacquinet-Husson, N., Armante, R., Scott, N.A., Chédin, A., Crépeau, L., Boutammine, C., Bouhdaoui, A., Crevoisier, C., Capelle, V., Boonne, C., Poulet-Crovisier, N., Barbe, A., Chris Benner, D., Boudon, V., Brown, L.R., Buldyreva, J., Campargue, A., Coudert, L.H., Devi, V.M., Down, M.J., Drouin, B.J., Fayt, A., Fittschen, C., Flaud, J.-M., Gamache, R.R., Harrison, J.J., Hill, C., Hodnebrog, Ø., Hu, S.-M., Jacquemart, D., Jolly, A., Jiménez, E., Lavrentieva, N.N., Liu, A.-W., Lodi, L., Lyulin, O.M., Massie, S.T., Mikhailenko, S., Müller, H.S.P., Naumenko, O.V., Nikitin, A., Nielsen, C.J., Orphal, J., Perevalov, V.I., Perrin, A., Polovtseva, E., Predoi-Cross, A., Rotger, M., Ruth, A.A., Yu, S.S., Sung, K., Tashkun, S.A., Tennyson, J., Tyuterev, Vl.G., Vander Auwera, J., Voronin, B.A., and Makie, A.

Published
2016
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18. Precipitation frequency in Med-CORDEX and EURO-CORDEX ensembles from 0.44° to convection-permitting resolution: impact of model resolution and convection representation

Author

Ha, Minh T., primary, Bastin, Sophie, additional, Drobinski, Philippe, additional, Fita, L., additional, Polcher, J., additional, Bock, O., additional, Chiriaco, M., additional, Belušić, D., additional, Caillaud, C., additional, Dobler, A., additional, Fernandez, J., additional, Goergen, K., additional, Hodnebrog, Ø., additional, Kartsios, S., additional, Katragkou, E., additional, Lavin-Gullon, A., additional, Lorenz, T., additional, Milovac, J., additional, Panitz, H.-J., additional, Sobolowski, S., additional, Truhetz, H., additional, Warrach-Sagi, K., additional, and Wulfmeyer, V., additional

Published
2022
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20. Sensible Heat Has Significantly Affected the Global Hydrological Cycle Over the Historical Period

Author

Myhre, G, Samset, B. H, Hodnebrog, Ø, Andrews, T, Boucher, O, Faluvegi, G, Fläschner, D, Forster, P.M, Kasoar, M, Kharin, V, Kirkevåg, A, Lamarque, J.-F, Olivie, D, Richardson, T.B, Shawki, D, Shindell, D, Shine, K.P, Stjern, C.W, Takemura, T, and Voulgarakis, A

Subjects
Meteorology And Climatology
Abstract

Globally, latent heating associated with a change in precipitation is balanced by changes to atmospheric radiative cooling and sensible heat fluxes. Both components can be altered by climate forcing mechanisms and through climate feedbacks, but the impacts of climate forcing and feedbacks on sensible heat fluxes have received much less attention. Here we show, using a range of climate modelling results, that changes in sensible heat are the dominant contributor to the present global-mean precipitation change since preindustrial time, because the radiative impact of forcings and feedbacks approximately compensate. The model results show a dissimilar influence on sensible heat and precipitation from various drivers of climate change. Due to its strong atmospheric absorption, black carbon is found to influence the sensible heat very differently compared to other aerosols and greenhouse gases. Our results indicate that this is likely caused by differences in the impact on the lower tropospheric stability.

Published
2018
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22. Precipitation Frequency in Med-CORDEX and EURO-CORDEX Ensembles from 0.44° to Convection-Permitting Resolution: Impact of Model Resolution and Convection Representation

Author

Ha, Minh Truong, primary, Bastin, S., additional, Drobinski, P., additional, Fita, L., additional, Polcher, J., additional, Bock, O., additional, Chiriaco, M., additional, Belušić, D., additional, Caillaud, C., additional, Dobler, A., additional, Fernandez, J., additional, Goergen, K., additional, Hodnebrog, Ø., additional, Kartsios, S., additional, Katragkou, E., additional, Lavin-Gullon, A., additional, Lorenz, T., additional, Milovac, J., additional, Panitz, H.-J., additional, Sobolowski, S., additional, Truhetz, H., additional, Warrach-Sagi, K., additional, and Wulfmeyer, V., additional

Published
2022
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25. The effect of rapid adjustments to halocarbons and N2O on radiative forcing

Author

Hodnebrog, Ø., Myhre, G., Kramer, R.J., Shine, K.P., Andrews, T., Faluvegi, G., Kasoar, M., Kirkevåg, A., Lamarque, J.-F., Mülmenstädt, J., Olivié, D., Samset, B.H., Shindell, D., Smith, C., Takemura, T., Voulgarakis, A., Hodnebrog, Ø., Myhre, G., Kramer, R.J., Shine, K.P., Andrews, T., Faluvegi, G., Kasoar, M., Kirkevåg, A., Lamarque, J.-F., Mülmenstädt, J., Olivié, D., Samset, B.H., Shindell, D., Smith, C., Takemura, T., and Voulgarakis, A.

Abstract

Rapid adjustments occur after initial perturbation of an external climate driver (e.g., CO2) and involve changes in, e.g. atmospheric temperature, water vapour and clouds, independent of sea surface temperature changes. Knowledge of such adjustments is necessary to estimate effective radiative forcing (ERF), a useful indicator of surface temperature change, and to understand global precipitation changes due to different drivers. Yet, rapid adjustments have not previously been analysed in any detail for certain compounds, including halocarbons and N2O. Here we use several global climate models combined with radiative kernel calculations to show that individual rapid adjustment terms due to CFC-11, CFC-12 and N2O are substantial, but that the resulting flux changes approximately cancel at the top-of-atmosphere due to compensating effects. Our results further indicate that radiative forcing (which includes stratospheric temperature adjustment) is a reasonable approximation for ERF. These CFCs lead to a larger increase in precipitation per kelvin surface temperature change (2.2 ± 0.3% K−1) compared to other well-mixed greenhouse gases (1.4 ± 0.3% K−1 for CO2). This is largely due to rapid upper tropospheric warming and cloud adjustments, which lead to enhanced atmospheric radiative cooling (and hence a precipitation increase) and partly compensate increased atmospheric radiative heating (i.e. which is associated with a precipitation decrease) from the instantaneous perturbation. Ozone-depleting halocarbons and nitrous oxide (N2O) are well-mixed greenhouse gases that have contributed substantially to radiative forcing (RF) since pre-industrial time, by 0.33 ± 0.03 W m−2 (0.18 ± 0.17 W m−2 when including stratospheric ozone depletion) and 0.17 ± 0.03 W m−2, respectively1. A substantial contribution to global warming and Arctic sea-ice loss in the latter half of the 20th century was recently attributed to ozone-depleting substances2,3. Atmospheric lifetimes of chlorofluoro

Published
2020

26. A first-of-its-kind multi-model convection permitting ensemble for investigating convective phenomena over Europe and the Mediterranean

Author

Croatian Science Foundation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, German Research Foundation, Austrian Science Fund, Research Council of Norway, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Department of Energy and Climate Change (UK), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (UK), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Coppola, Erika, Sobolowski, Stefan, Pichelli, E., Raffaele, F., Ahrens, B., Anders, I., Ban, Nikolina, Bastin, Sophie, Belda, Michael, Belusic, D., Caldas-Alvarez, A., Cardoso, Rita M., Davolio, S., Dobler, Andreas, Fernández, Jesús, Fita, L., Fumiere, Q., Giorgi, Filippo, Goergen, Klaus, Güttler, Ivan, Halenka, Tomáš, Heinzeller, D., Hodnebrog, Ø., Jacob, Daniela, Kartsios, Stergios, Katragkou, Eleni, Kendon, E., Khodayar, S., Kunstmann, H., Knist, S., Lavín, Alicia, Lind, P., Lorenz, Torge, Maraun, Douglas, Marelle, L., Meijgaard, E. van, Milovac, Josipa, Myhre, G., Panitz, H.-J., Piazza, M., Raffa, M., Raub, T., Rockel, B., Schär, C., Sieck, K., Soares, Pedro M. M., Somot, Samuel, Srnec, L., Stocchi, P., Tölle, M. H., Truhetz, H., Vautard, R., Vries, H. de, Warrach-Sagi, Kirsten, Croatian Science Foundation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, German Research Foundation, Austrian Science Fund, Research Council of Norway, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Department of Energy and Climate Change (UK), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (UK), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Coppola, Erika, Sobolowski, Stefan, Pichelli, E., Raffaele, F., Ahrens, B., Anders, I., Ban, Nikolina, Bastin, Sophie, Belda, Michael, Belusic, D., Caldas-Alvarez, A., Cardoso, Rita M., Davolio, S., Dobler, Andreas, Fernández, Jesús, Fita, L., Fumiere, Q., Giorgi, Filippo, Goergen, Klaus, Güttler, Ivan, Halenka, Tomáš, Heinzeller, D., Hodnebrog, Ø., Jacob, Daniela, Kartsios, Stergios, Katragkou, Eleni, Kendon, E., Khodayar, S., Kunstmann, H., Knist, S., Lavín, Alicia, Lind, P., Lorenz, Torge, Maraun, Douglas, Marelle, L., Meijgaard, E. van, Milovac, Josipa, Myhre, G., Panitz, H.-J., Piazza, M., Raffa, M., Raub, T., Rockel, B., Schär, C., Sieck, K., Soares, Pedro M. M., Somot, Samuel, Srnec, L., Stocchi, P., Tölle, M. H., Truhetz, H., Vautard, R., Vries, H. de, and Warrach-Sagi, Kirsten

Abstract

A recently launched project under the auspices of the World Climate Research Program’s (WCRP) Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiments Flagship Pilot Studies program (CORDEX-FPS) is presented. This initiative aims to build first-of-its-kind ensemble climate experiments of convection permitting models to investigate present and future convective processes and related extremes over Europe and the Mediterranean. In this manuscript the rationale, scientific aims and approaches are presented along with some preliminary results from the testing phase of the project. Three test cases were selected in order to obtain a first look at the ensemble performance. The test cases covered a summertime extreme precipitation event over Austria, a fall Foehn event over the Swiss Alps and an intensively documented fall event along the Mediterranean coast. The test cases were run in both “weather-like” (WL, initialized just before the event in question) and “climate” (CM, initialized 1 month before the event) modes. Ensembles of 18–21 members, representing six different modeling systems with different physics and modelling chain options, was generated for the test cases (27 modeling teams have committed to perform the longer climate simulations). Results indicate that, when run in WL mode, the ensemble captures all three events quite well with ensemble correlation skill scores of 0.67, 0.82 and 0.91. They suggest that the more the event is driven by large-scale conditions, the closer the agreement between the ensemble members. Even in climate mode the large-scale driven events over the Swiss Alps and the Mediterranean coasts are still captured (ensemble correlation skill scores of 0.90 and 0.62, respectively), but the inter-model spread increases as expected. In the case over Mediterranean the effects of local-scale interactions between flow and orography and land–ocean contrasts are readily apparent. However, there is a much larger, though not surprising, increase in the spread for

Published
2020

27. Extratropical–Tropical Interaction Model Intercomparison Project (Etin-Mip): Protocol and Initial Results

Author

Kang, S., Hawcroft, M., Xiang, B., Hwang, Y., Kim, H., Cazes, G., Codron, F., Crueger, T., Deser, C., Hodnebrog, Ø., Kim, J., Kosaka, Y., Losada, T., Mechoso, C., Myhre, G., Seland, Ø., Stevens, B., https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3795-0475, Watanabe, M., Yu, S., Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), University of Exeter, NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Taiwan University [Taiwan] (NTU), Océan et variabilité du climat (VARCLIM), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Center for International Climate and Environmental Research [Oslo] (CICERO), University of Oslo (UiO), Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology [Tokyo] (RCAST), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Departamento Fisica de la Tierra, Astronomía y Astrofísica [Madrid], Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California, Norwegian Meteorological Institute [Oslo] (MET), Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie (MPI-M), Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute [Kashiwa-shi] (AORI), Yale University [New Haven], Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and University of California (UC)

Subjects
[SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]
Abstract

ETIN-MIP is a community-wide effort to improve dynamical understanding of the linkages between tropical precipitation and radiative biases in various regions, with implications for anthropogenic climate change and geoengineering.This article introduces the Extratropical-Tropical Interaction Model Intercomparison Project (ETIN-MIP), where a set of fully coupled model experiments are designed to examine the sources of longstanding tropical precipitation biases in climate models. In particular, we reduce insolation over three targeted latitudinal bands of persistent model biases: the southern extratropics, the southern tropics and the northern extratropics. To address the effect of regional energy bias corrections on the mean distribution of tropical precipitation, such as the double Intertropical Convergence Zone problem, we evaluate the quasi-equilibrium response of the climate system corresponding to a 50-year period after the 100 years of prescribed energy perturbation. Initial results show that, despite a large inter-model spread in each perturbation experiment due to differences in ocean heat uptake response and climate feedbacks across models, the southern tropics is most efficient at driving a meridional shift of tropical precipitation. In contrast, the extratropical energy perturbations are effectively damped by anomalous heat uptake over the subpolar oceans, thereby inducing a smaller meridional shift of tropical precipitation compared with the tropical energy perturbations. The ETIN-MIP experiments allow us to investigate the global implications of regional energy bias corrections, providing a route to guide the practice of model development, with implications for understanding dynamical responses to anthropogenic climate change and geoengineering.

Published
2019

29. Efficacy of Climate Forcings in PDRMIP Models

Author

Richardson, T. B., primary, Forster, P. M., additional, Smith, C. J., additional, Maycock, A. C., additional, Wood, T., additional, Andrews, T., additional, Boucher, O., additional, Faluvegi, G., additional, Fläschner, D., additional, Hodnebrog, Ø., additional, Kasoar, M., additional, Kirkevåg, A., additional, Lamarque, J.‐F., additional, Mülmenstädt, J., additional, Myhre, G., additional, Olivié, D., additional, Portmann, R. W., additional, Samset, B. H., additional, Shawki, D., additional, Shindell, D., additional, Stier, P., additional, Takemura, T., additional, Voulgarakis, A., additional, and Watson‐Parris, D., additional

Published
2019
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31. Comparison of Effective Radiative Forcing Calculations Using Multiple Methods, Drivers, and Models

Author

Tang, T., primary, Shindell, D., additional, Faluvegi, G., additional, Myhre, G., additional, Olivié, D., additional, Voulgarakis, A., additional, Kasoar, M., additional, Andrews, T., additional, Boucher, O., additional, Forster, P.M., additional, Hodnebrog, Ø., additional, Iversen, T., additional, Kirkevåg, A., additional, Lamarque, J.‐F., additional, Richardson, T., additional, Samset, B.H., additional, Stjern, C.W., additional, Takemura, T., additional, and Smith, C., additional

Published
2019
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32. Discrepancy between simulated and observed ethane and propane levels explained by underestimated fossil fuel emissions

Author

Dalsøren, S.B., Myhre, G., Hodnebrog, Ø, Myhre, C.L., Stohl, A., Pisso, I., Schwietzke, S., Höglund-Isaksson, L., Helmig, D., Reimann, S., Sauvage, S., Schmidbauer, N., Read, K.A., Carpenter, L.J., Lewis, A.C., Punjabi, S., Wallasch, M., Dalsøren, S.B., Myhre, G., Hodnebrog, Ø, Myhre, C.L., Stohl, A., Pisso, I., Schwietzke, S., Höglund-Isaksson, L., Helmig, D., Reimann, S., Sauvage, S., Schmidbauer, N., Read, K.A., Carpenter, L.J., Lewis, A.C., Punjabi, S., and Wallasch, M.

Abstract

Ethane and propane are the most abundant non-methane hydrocarbons in the atmosphere. However, their emissions, atmospheric distribution, and trends in their atmospheric concentrations are insufficiently understood. Atmospheric model simulations using standard community emission inventories do not reproduce available measurements in the Northern Hemisphere. Here, we show that observations of pre-industrial and present-day ethane and propane can be reproduced in simulations with a detailed atmospheric chemistry transport model, provided that natural geologic emissions are taken into account and anthropogenic fossil fuel emissions are assumed to be two to three times higher than is indicated in current inventories. Accounting for these enhanced ethane and propane emissions results in simulated surface ozone concentrations that are 5–13% higher than previously assumed in some polluted regions in Asia. The improved correspondence with observed ethane and propane in model simulations with greater emissions suggests that the level of fossil (geologic + fossil fuel) methane emissions in current inventories may need re-evaluation.

Published
2018

33. A first-of-its-kind multi-model convection permitting ensemble for investigating convective phenomena over Europe and the Mediterranean

Author

Coppola, Erika, primary, Sobolowski, Stefan, additional, Pichelli, E., additional, Raffaele, F., additional, Ahrens, B., additional, Anders, I., additional, Ban, N., additional, Bastin, S., additional, Belda, M., additional, Belusic, D., additional, Caldas-Alvarez, A., additional, Cardoso, R. M., additional, Davolio, S., additional, Dobler, A., additional, Fernandez, J., additional, Fita, L., additional, Fumiere, Q., additional, Giorgi, F., additional, Goergen, K., additional, Güttler, I., additional, Halenka, T., additional, Heinzeller, D., additional, Hodnebrog, Ø., additional, Jacob, D., additional, Kartsios, S., additional, Katragkou, E., additional, Kendon, E., additional, Khodayar, S., additional, Kunstmann, H., additional, Knist, S., additional, Lavín-Gullón, A., additional, Lind, P., additional, Lorenz, T., additional, Maraun, D., additional, Marelle, L., additional, van Meijgaard, E., additional, Milovac, J., additional, Myhre, G., additional, Panitz, H.-J., additional, Piazza, M., additional, Raffa, M., additional, Raub, T., additional, Rockel, B., additional, Schär, C., additional, Sieck, K., additional, Soares, P. M. M., additional, Somot, S., additional, Srnec, L., additional, Stocchi, P., additional, Tölle, M. H., additional, Truhetz, H., additional, Vautard, R., additional, de Vries, H., additional, and Warrach-Sagi, K., additional

Published
2018
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34. Understanding Rapid Adjustments to Diverse Forcing Agents

Author

Smith, C. J., primary, Kramer, R. J., additional, Myhre, G., additional, Forster, P. M., additional, Soden, B. J., additional, Andrews, T., additional, Boucher, O., additional, Faluvegi, G., additional, Fläschner, D., additional, Hodnebrog, Ø., additional, Kasoar, M., additional, Kharin, V., additional, Kirkevåg, A., additional, Lamarque, J.‐F., additional, Mülmenstädt, J., additional, Olivié, D., additional, Richardson, T., additional, Samset, B. H., additional, Shindell, D., additional, Stier, P., additional, Takemura, T., additional, Voulgarakis, A., additional, and Watson‐Parris, D., additional

Published
2018
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35. Quantifying the Importance of Rapid Adjustments for Global Precipitation Changes

Author

Myhre, G., primary, Kramer, R. J., additional, Smith, C. J., additional, Hodnebrog, Ø., additional, Forster, P., additional, Soden, B. J., additional, Samset, B. H., additional, Stjern, C. W., additional, Andrews, T., additional, Boucher, O., additional, Faluvegi, G., additional, Fläschner, D., additional, Kasoar, M., additional, Kirkevåg, A., additional, Lamarque, J.‐F., additional, Olivié, D., additional, Richardson, T., additional, Shindell, D., additional, Stier, P., additional, Takemura, T., additional, Voulgarakis, A., additional, and Watson‐Parris, D., additional

Published
2018
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36. Multi-model simulations of aerosol and ozone radiative forcing due to anthropogenic emission changes during the period 1990-2015

Author

Myhre, G., Aas, W., Cherian, R., Collins, W., Faluvegi, G., Flanner, M., Forster, P., Hodnebrog, Ø., Klimont, Z., Lund, M.T., Mülmenstädt, J., Lund Myhre, C., Olivié, D., Prather, M., Quaas, J., Samset, B.H., Schnell, J.L., Schulz, M., Shindell, D., Skeie, R.B., Takemura, T., Tsyro, S., Myhre, G., Aas, W., Cherian, R., Collins, W., Faluvegi, G., Flanner, M., Forster, P., Hodnebrog, Ø., Klimont, Z., Lund, M.T., Mülmenstädt, J., Lund Myhre, C., Olivié, D., Prather, M., Quaas, J., Samset, B.H., Schnell, J.L., Schulz, M., Shindell, D., Skeie, R.B., Takemura, T., and Tsyro, S.

Abstract

Over the past few decades, the geographical distribution of emissions of substances that alter the atmospheric energy balance has changed due to economic growth and air pollution regulations. Here, we show the resulting changes to aerosol and ozone abundances and their radiative forcing using recently updated emission data for the period 1990–2015, as simulated by seven global atmospheric composition models. The models broadly reproduce large-scale changes in surface aerosol and ozone based on observations (e.g. −1 to −3 % yr−1 in aerosols over the USA and Europe). The global mean radiative forcing due to ozone and aerosol changes over the 1990–2015 period increased by +0.17 ± 0.08 W m−2, with approximately one-third due to ozone. This increase is more strongly positive than that reported in IPCC AR5. The main reasons for the increased positive radiative forcing of aerosols over this period are the substantial reduction of global mean SO2 emissions, which is stronger in the new emission inventory compared to that used in the IPCC analysis, and higher black carbon emissions.

Published
2017

37. Fast and slow precipitation responses to individual climate forcers: a PDRMIP multi-model study

Author

Samset, B. H., Myhre, G., Forster, P. M., Hodnebrog, Ø., Andrews, T., Faluvegi, G., Fläschner, D., Kasoar, M., Kharin, V., Kirkevåg, A., Lamarque, J.-F., Olivié, D., Richardson, T., Shindell, D., Shine, Keith P., Takemura, T., and Voulgarakis, A.

Subjects
sense organs
Abstract

Precipitation is expected to respond differently to various drivers of anthropogenic climate change. We present the first results from the Precipitation Driver and Response Model Intercomparison Project (PDRMIP), where nine global climate models have perturbed CO2, CH4, black carbon, sulfate, and solar insolation. We divide the resulting changes to global mean and regional precipitation into fast responses that scale with changes in atmospheric absorption and slow responses scaling with surface temperature change. While the overall features are broadly similar between models, we find significant regional intermodel variability, especially over land. Black carbon stands out as a component that may cause significant model diversity in predicted precipitation change. Processes linked to atmospheric absorption are less consistently modeled than those linked to top-of-atmosphere radiative forcing. We identify a number of land regions where the model ensemble consistently predicts that fast precipitation responses to climate perturbations dominate over the slow, temperature-driven responses.

Published
2016

38. Evaluating the CLimate and Air Quality ImPacts of Short-livEd Pollutants (ECLIPSE)

Author

Stohl, A., Aamaas, B., Amann, M., Baker, L.H., Bellouin, N., Berntsen, T.K., Boucher, O., Cherian, R., Collins, W., Daskalakis, N., Dusinska, M., Eck-hardt, S., Fuglestvedt, J. S., Harju, M., Heyes, C., Hodnebrog, Ø., Hao, J., Im, Ulas, Kanakidou, M., Klimont, Z., Kupiainen, K., Law, K. S., Lund, M. T., Maas, R., MacIntosh, C. R., Myhre, G., Myriokefalitakis, S., Olivié, D., Quaas, J., Quennehen, B., Raut, J.-C., Rumbold, S. T., Samset, B.H., Schulz, M., Seland, Ø., Shine, K. P., Skeie, R. B., Wang, S., Yttri, K. E., and Zhu, T.

Published
2015

39. Current model capabilities for simulating black carbon and sulfate concentrations in the Arctic atmosphere: a multi-model evaluation using a comprehensive measurement data set

Author

Eckhardt, S., Quennehen, B., Olivié, D. J. L., Berntsen, T. K., Cherian, R., Christensen, J. H., Collins, W., Crepinsek, S., Daskalakis, N., Flanner, M., Herber, A., Heyes, C., Hodnebrog, Ø., Huang, L., Kanakidou, M., Klimont, Z., Langner, J., Law, K. S., Lund, M. T., Mahmood, R., Massling, A., Myriokefalitakis, S., Nielsen, I. E., Nøjgaard, J. K., Quaas, J., Quinn, P. K., Raut, J.-C., Rumbold, S. T., Schulz, M., Sharma, S., Skeie, R. B., Skov, H., Uttal, T., von Salzen, K., Stohl, A., Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Norwegian Meteorological Institute [Oslo] (MET), Center for International Climate and Environmental Research [Oslo] (CICERO), University of Oslo (UiO), Leipziger Institut für Meteorologie (LIM), Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Department of Environmental Science [Roskilde] (ENVS), Aarhus University [Aarhus], University of Reading (UOR), Met Office Hadley Centre for Climate Change (MOHC), United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado [Boulder]-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory [Heraklion] (ECPL), Department of Chemistry [Heraklion], University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC)-University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis [Laxenburg] (IIASA), Climate Research Division [Toronto], Environment and Climate Change Canada, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), School of Earth and Ocean Sciences [Victoria] (SEOS), University of Victoria [Canada] (UVIC), COMSATS Institute of Information Technology [Islamabad] (CIIT), Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences - Hellas [Crete] (ICE-HT), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory [Seattle] (PMEL), Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis (CCCma), and Universität Leipzig

Subjects
lcsh:Chemistry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], Zeppelinobservatoriet, lcsh:QD1-999, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Miljövetenskap, lcsh:Physics, lcsh:QC1-999, Environmental Sciences
Abstract

International audience; The concentrations of sulfate, black carbon (BC) and other aerosols in the Arctic are characterized by high values in late winter and spring (so-called Arctic Haze) and low values in summer. Models have long been struggling to capture this seasonality and especially the high concentrations associated with Arctic Haze. In this study, we evaluate sulfate and BC concentrations from eleven different models driven with the same emission inventory against a comprehensive pan-Arctic measurement data set over a time period of two years (2008–2009). The set of models consisted of one Lagrangian particle dispersion model, four chemistry-transport models (CTMs), one atmospheric chemistry-weather forecast model and five chemistry-climate models (CCMs), of which two were nudged to meteorological analyses and three were running freely. The measurement data set consisted of surface measurements of equivalent BC (eBC) from five stations (Alert, Barrow, Pallas, Tiksi and Zeppelin), elemental carbon (EC) from Station Nord and Alert and aircraft measurements of refractory BC (rBC) from six different campaigns. We find that the models generally captured the measured eBC/rBC and sulfate concentrations quite well, compared to past comparisons. However, the aerosol seasonality at the surface is still too weak in most models. Concentrations of eBC and sulfate averaged over three surface sites are underestimated in winter/spring in all but one model (model means for January-March underestimated by 59 and 37% for BC and sulfate, respectively), whereas concentrations in summer are overestimated in the model mean (by 88 and 44% for July–September), but with over- as well as underestimates present in individual models. The most pronounced eBC underestimates, not included in the above multi-site average, are found for the station Tiksi in Siberia where the measured annual mean eBC concentration is three times higher than the average annual mean for all other stations. This suggests an underestimate of BC sources in Russia in the emission inventory used. Based on the campaign data, biomass burning was identified as another cause of the modelling problems. For sulfate, very large differences were found in the model ensemble, with an apparent anti-correlation between modeled surface concentrations and total atmospheric columns. There is a strong correlation between observed sulfate and eBC concentrations with consistent sulfate/eBC slopes found for all Arctic stations, indicating that the sources contributing to sulfate and BC are similar throughout the Arctic and that the aerosols are internally mixed and undergo similar removal. However, only three models reproduced this finding, whereas sulfate and BC are weakly correlated in the other models. Overall, no class of models (e.g., CTMs, CCMs) performed better than the others and differences are independent of model resolution.

Published
2015

40. Evaluating stomatal ozone fluxes in WRF-Chem: Comparing ozone uptake in Mediterranean ecosystems

Author

Rydsaa, J. H, Stordal, F., Gerosa, Giacomo Alessandro, Finco, Angelo, Hodnebrog, Ø., Gerosa, Giacomo Alessandro (ORCID:0000-0002-5352-3222), Finco, Angelo (ORCID:0000-0002-2252-5129), Rydsaa, J. H, Stordal, F., Gerosa, Giacomo Alessandro, Finco, Angelo, Hodnebrog, Ø., Gerosa, Giacomo Alessandro (ORCID:0000-0002-5352-3222), and Finco, Angelo (ORCID:0000-0002-2252-5129)

Abstract

The development of modelling tools for estimating stomatal uptake of surface ozone in vegetation is important for the assessment of potential damage induced due to both current and future near surface ozone concentrations. In this study, we investigate the skill in estimating ozone uptake in plants by the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem) V3.6.1, with the Wesely dry deposition scheme. To validate the stomatal uptake of ozone, the model simulations were compared with field measurements of three types of Mediterranean vegetation, over seven different periods representing various meteorological conditions. Some systematic biases in modelled ozone fluxes are revealed; the lack of an explicit and time varying dependency on plants’ water availability results in overestimated daytime ozone stomatal fluxes particularly in dry periods. The optimal temperature in the temperature response function is likely too low for the woody species tested here. Also, too low nighttime stomatal conductance leads to underestimation of ozone uptake during night. We demonstrate that modelled stomatal ozone flux is improved by accounting for vapor pressure deficit in the ambient air. Based on the results of the overall comparison to measured fluxes, we propose that additional improvements to the stomatal conductance parameterization should be implemented before applying the modelling system for estimating ozone doses and potential damage to vegetation.

Published
2016

41. Fast and slow precipitation responses to individual climate forcers: A PDRMIP multimodel study

Author

Samset, B. H., primary, Myhre, G., additional, Forster, P. M., additional, Hodnebrog, Ø., additional, Andrews, T., additional, Faluvegi, G., additional, Fläschner, D., additional, Kasoar, M., additional, Kharin, V., additional, Kirkevåg, A., additional, Lamarque, J.‐F., additional, Olivié, D., additional, Richardson, T., additional, Shindell, D., additional, Shine, K. P., additional, Takemura, T., additional, and Voulgarakis, A., additional

Published
2016
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42. Impact of forest fires, biogenic emissions and high temperatures on the elevated Eastern Mediterranean ozone levels during the hot summer of 2007

Author

Hodnebrog, Ø., Solberg, S., Stordal, F., Svendby, T.M., Simpson, D., Gauss, M., Hilboll, A., Pfister, G.G., Turquety, S., Richter, A., Burrows, J.P., and Denier Van Der Gon, H.A.C.

Subjects
summer, atmospheric chemistry, volatile organic compound, total ozone, Earth & Environment, temperature effect, CAS - Climate, Air and Sustainability, Environment, high temperature, Urban Development, biogenic emission, Built Environment, EELS - Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences, forest fire
Abstract

The hot summer of 2007 in southeast Europe has been studied using two regional atmospheric chemistry models; WRF-Chem and EMEP MSC-W. The region was struck by three heat waves and a number of forest fire episodes, greatly affecting air pollution levels. We have focused on ozone and its precursors using state-of-the-art inventories for anthropogenic, biogenic and forest fire emissions. The models have been evaluated against measurement data, and processes leading to ozone formation have been quantified. Heat wave episodes are projected to occur more frequently in a future climate, and therefore this study also makes a contribution to climate change impact research. The plume from the Greek forest fires in August 2007 is clearly seen in satellite observations of CO and NO2 columns, showing extreme levels of CO in and downwindof the fires. Model simulations reflect the location and influence of the fires relatively well, but the modelled magnitude of CO in the plume core is too low. Most likely, this is caused by underestimation of CO in the emission inventories, suggesting that the CO/NOx ratios of fire emissions should be re-assessed. Moreover, higher maximum values are seen in WRF-Chem than in EMEP MSC-W, presumably due to differences in plume rise altitudes as the first model emits a larger fraction of the fire emissions in the lowermost model layer. The model results are also in fairly good agreement with surface ozone measurements. Biogenic VOC emissions reacting with anthropogenic NOx emissions are calculated to contribute significantly to the levels of ozone in the region, but the magnitude and geographical distribution depend strongly on the model and biogenic emission module used. During the July and August heat waves, ozone levels increased substantially due to a combination of forest fire emissions and the effect of high temperatures. We found that the largest temperature impact on ozone was through the temperature dependence of the biogenic emissions, closely followed by the effect of reduced dry deposiion caused by closing of the plants' stomata at very high temperatures. The impact of high temperatures on the ozone chemistry was much lower. The results suggest that forest fire emissions, and the temperature effect on biogenic emissions and dry deposition, will potentially lead to substantial ozone increases in a warmer climate.

Published
2012

43. Evaluating the climate and air quality impacts of short-lived pollutants

Author

Stohl, A., primary, Aamaas, B., additional, Amann, M., additional, Baker, L. H., additional, Bellouin, N., additional, Berntsen, T. K., additional, Boucher, O., additional, Cherian, R., additional, Collins, W., additional, Daskalakis, N., additional, Dusinska, M., additional, Eckhardt, S., additional, Fuglestvedt, J. S., additional, Harju, M., additional, Heyes, C., additional, Hodnebrog, Ø., additional, Hao, J., additional, Im, U., additional, Kanakidou, M., additional, Klimont, Z., additional, Kupiainen, K., additional, Law, K. S., additional, Lund, M. T., additional, Maas, R., additional, MacIntosh, C. R., additional, Myhre, G., additional, Myriokefalitakis, S., additional, Olivié, D., additional, Quaas, J., additional, Quennehen, B., additional, Raut, J.-C., additional, Rumbold, S. T., additional, Samset, B. H., additional, Schulz, M., additional, Seland, Ø., additional, Shine, K. P., additional, Skeie, R. B., additional, Wang, S., additional, Yttri, K. E., additional, and Zhu, T., additional

Published
2015
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44. Current model capabilities for simulating black carbon and sulfate concentrations in the Arctic atmosphere: a multi-model evaluation using a comprehensive measurement data set

Author

Eckhardt, S., primary, Quennehen, B., additional, Olivié, D. J. L., additional, Berntsen, T. K., additional, Cherian, R., additional, Christensen, J. H., additional, Collins, W., additional, Crepinsek, S., additional, Daskalakis, N., additional, Flanner, M., additional, Herber, A., additional, Heyes, C., additional, Hodnebrog, Ø., additional, Huang, L., additional, Kanakidou, M., additional, Klimont, Z., additional, Langner, J., additional, Law, K. S., additional, Massling, A., additional, Myriokefalitakis, S., additional, Nielsen, I. E., additional, Nøjgaard, J. K., additional, Quaas, J., additional, Quinn, P. K., additional, Raut, J.-C., additional, Rumbold, S. T., additional, Schulz, M., additional, Skeie, R. B., additional, Skov, H., additional, Lund, M. T., additional, Uttal, T., additional, von Salzen, K., additional, Mahmood, R., additional, and Stohl, A., additional

Published
2015
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47. Aircraft emission mitigation by changing route altitude: a multi-model estimate of aircraft NOx emission impact on O3 photochemistry

Author

Søvde, OA, Matthes, S, Skowron, A, Iachetti, D, Lim, L, Owen, B, Hodnebrog, Ø, Di Genova, G, Pitari, G, Lee, DS, Myhre, G, Isaksen, ISA, Søvde, OA, Matthes, S, Skowron, A, Iachetti, D, Lim, L, Owen, B, Hodnebrog, Ø, Di Genova, G, Pitari, G, Lee, DS, Myhre, G, and Isaksen, ISA

Abstract

The atmospheric impact of aircraft NOx emissions are studied using updated aircraft inventories for the year 2006, in order to estimate the photochemistry-related mitigation potential of shifting cruise altitudes higher or lower by 2000ft. Applying three chemistry-transport models (CTM) and two climate-chemistry models (CCM) in CTM mode, all including detailed tropospheric and stratospheric chemistry, we estimate the short-lived radiative forcing (RF) from O3 to range between 16.4 and 23.5mWm-2, with a mean value of 19.5mWm-2. Including the long-lived RF caused by changes in CH4, the total NOx-related RF is estimated to about 5mWm-2, ranging 1-8mWm-2. Cruising at 2000ft higher altitude increases the total RF due to aircraft NOx emissions by 2±1mWm-2, while cruising at 2000 ft lower altitude reduces RF by 2±1mWm-2. This change is mainly controlled by short-lived O3 and show that chemical NOx impact of contrail avoiding measures is likely small. © 2014 The Authors.

Published
2014

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