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7. List of Contributors

Author

Berghage, Robert, primary, Borreani, Giorgio, additional, Castilla, Nicolas, additional, Hochmuth, George, additional, Jett, Lewis W., additional, Lamont, William J., additional, Lawrence, Matthew J., additional, Meckley, Jonathan, additional, Michael, Alan H., additional, Orzolek, Michael D., additional, Sideman, Becky, additional, and Tabacco, Ernesto, additional

Published
2017
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27. Chapter 35: Potato Production in Florida

Author

Hutchinson, Chad M., primary, Simonne, Eric H., additional, Hochmuth, George J., additional, Maynard, Donald N., additional, Stall, William M., additional, Olson, Stephen M., additional, Webb, Susan E., additional, Taylor, Timothy G., additional, and Smith, Scott A., additional

Published
2019
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32. Response of black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to phosphorus fertilization in acidic and alkaline soils in Haiti.

Author

Celestin, Franky, Mylavarapu, Rao, Hochmuth, George, Li, Yuncong, Jeune, Wesly, and van Santen, Edzard

Subjects
BLACK bean, SODIC soils, ACID soils, COMMON bean, FERTILIZER application, PLANT reproduction, IRON fertilizers
Abstract

Haiti experiences one of the lowest yields of black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in the world (660 Kg/ha), although is the most consumed among all kind of beans. This is primarily due to poor soil and agronomic management, improper balance of soil nutrients, and limited fertilizer applications, which can lead to malnutrition, ecosystem degradation, and food insecurity, common to developing countries. Phosphorous (P) remains one of the major limitations for black bean production in both lowland and upland areas of Haiti. Included in nucleic acids, P plays a large role in plant reproduction and grain production. When soil does not have enough P available, it impacts plant growth and enhances micronutrient deficiencies, which will affect the physiological maturity. To evaluate black bean growth and yield, a pot study was conducted with two different soils (Kenscoff, acidic and Cabaret, alkaline) in Haiti using a completely randomized block design, replicated four times with four P rates (0, 44, 55, and 66 Kg/ha). Black bean in the alkaline soil achieved its highest yield when 55 Kg/ha was applied, and the acidic soil reached its optimum yield with the application of 44 Kg/ha. High amount of fertilizer is needed to meet the crop requirements, particularly when soil test P is low, especially when P can be potentially fixed by Fe or Al (acidic soil) or by Ca (alkaline soil). This study contributes to the first step in optimizing black bean production through better interpretation and nutrient recommendation of soil tests for Haitian soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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42. Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield Levels Using Soluble and Controlle-drelease Urea Formulations in Tomato Production.

Author

Jalpa, Laura, Mylavarapu, Rao S., Hochmuth, George, Li, Yuncong, Rathinasabapathi, Bala, and van Santen, Edzard

Subjects
*UREA as fertilizer, *NITROGEN fertilizers, *TOMATOES, *GLOBAL warming, *UREA, *SANDY soils
Abstract

This research study evaluated the suitability of controlled-release urea (CRU) as an alternate nitrogen (N) fertilizer source to conventional soluble urea (U) for tomato production under a humid, warm climate in coastal plain soils. Tomatoes are typically produced on raised plastic-mulched beds, where U is fertigated through multiple applications. On the other hand, CRU is applied once at planting, incorporated into soil before the raised beds are covered with plastic mulch. N source and management will likely impact tomato yield, N use efficiency (NUE), and apparent recovery of N fertilizer (APR). A 2-year field study was conducted on fall and spring tomato crops in north Florida to determine the crop N requirement and NUE in tomatoes (var. HM 1823) grown in sandy soils under a plastic-mulched bed system. In addition to a no N fertilizer treatment, three urea N sources [one soluble source and two polymer-coated CRU sources with different N release durations of 60 (CRU-60) and 75 (CRU-75) days] were applied at three N rates (140, 168, and 224 kg.ha-1 ). Across all N sources and N rates, fall yields were at least 20% higher than spring seasons. At the 140 kg.ha-1 N rate, APR and NUE were improved, especially when U was applied in fall tomato, whereas preplant CRUs improved N efficiency in spring tomato. Based on the lower APR values found in spring production seasons (0% to 16%) when compared with fall (57.1% to 72.6%), it can be concluded that residual soil N was an important source for tomatoes. In addition, the mean whole-plant N accumulation of tomato was 102.5 kg.ha-1, further indicating that reducing the N rate closer to crop N demand would greatly improve conventional vegetable production systems on sandy soils in north Florida. In conclusion, polymer-coated CRU and fertigation U applications were able to supply the N requirement of spring and fall tomato at a 38% reduction of the recommended N rate for tomato in Florida (224 kg.ha-1 ). Preliminary results show that adoption of CRU fertilizers can be considered a low-risk alternative N source for tomato production and the ease of applying CRU once during the bed preparation period for tomato may be an additional incentive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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43. Ethylene signalling affects susceptibility of tomatoes to Salmonella

Author

Marvasi, Massimiliano, Noel, Jason T., George, Andrée S., Farias, Marcelo A., Jenkins, Keith T., Hochmuth, George, Xu, Yimin, Giovanonni, Jim J., and Teplitski, Max

Subjects
fungi, food and beverages
Abstract

Fresh fruits and vegetables are increasingly recognized as important reservoirs of human pathogens, and therefore, significant attention has been directed recently to understanding mechanisms of the interactions between plants and enterics, like Salmonella. A screen of tomato cultivars for their susceptibility to Salmonella revealed significant differences in the ability of this human pathogen to multiply within fruits; expression of the Salmonella genes (cysB, agfB, fadH) involved in the interactions with tomatoes depended on the tomato genotype and maturity stage. Proliferation of Salmonella was strongly reduced in the tomato mutants with defects in ethylene synthesis, perception and signal transduction. While mutation in the ripening-related ethylene receptor Nr resulted only in a modest reduction in Salmonella numbers within tomatoes, strong inhibition of the Salmonella proliferation was observed in rin and nor tomato mutants. RIN and NOR are regulators of ethylene synthesis and ripening. A commercial tomato variety heterozygous for rin was less susceptible to Salmonella under the greenhouse conditions but not when tested in the field over three production seasons.

Published
2014

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