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A sense of belongingness in the underrepresented minorities (URM) collegiate experience requires that the student feel the university provides a safe and welcoming environment. The purpose of this study is to explore the sense of belongingness that contributes to URM's perceptions while participating in the summer programs at Kansas State University to increase future college of agriculture enrollment. We evaluate participants using a Likert Scale survey to rate their perceived belongingness and experience upon completion of the summer program. Overall, results indicate the summer program increased the underrepresented minority participants' sense of belongingness at Kansas State University because of the program coordinators, and exposure to an inviting environment. Additional findings show the program positively affected the collegiate experiences of the participants and increased their knowledge of the agricultural sciences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I. INTRODUCTION A decade has passed since Charles Wilkinson eulogized the passing of Prior Appropriation in 1991. (1) I rejoined that Prior may have died but his progeny lived on. [...], Ten years after Professor Charles Wilkinson proclaimed the death of Prior Appropriation, Justice Gregory Hobbs argues that Priority is more important than ever, though it is the most misunderstood stick in the water rights bundle. The states have created valuable property rights to previously unappropriated water for beneficial use, which Congress has recognized since the 1866 Mining Act that they have a right to do. Along with traditional water uses, State water law appropriative rights include such new beneficial uses as recreation, fish and wildlife, and instream flows, along with traditional agricultural, municipal, and industrial uses. Federal reserved water rights and Native American tribal rights also take their place in the priority system, when they are quantified and adjudicated. But, the priority system cannot function to protect water rights--whoever their owner and whatever their use--if claims to water of a stream system, including tributary groundwater, are not adjudicated and administered. In order to secure the value of a water right and allow markets to transfer old uses to new uses, so that the new uses can take water under the senior priority, enforcement of water rights to curtail junior uses in times of short supply is indispensable. The citizenry of the states and the United States desire dependable water supply for human and environmental needs. Adjudication and administration of the limited water resource is at the heart of twenty-first century water policy.

I. Introduction Michael Blumm's spirited defense(1) of the Long's Peak Report,(2) which he helped to author, deserves a reply. It is true that my critique' focused on what I view [...], Mr. Hobbs responds to Professor Blumm's defense of the Long's Peak Report by disputing the form of historical and legal revisionism that underpins Blumm's thesis, and which is a major premise of the Long's Peak Report. Hobbs identifies five historical western myths that characterize the prevailing opinion of the western environment: the Pioneer Frontier Myth, the Great American Desert Myth, the Great American Garden Myth, the Progressive Conservation Myth, and the Wilderness Conservation Myth. Hobbs states that the preeminent concepts of western water law, such as 'beneficial use,' 'efficient means of diversion,' 'duty of water,' and 'abandonment,' are derived from Gifford Pinchot's progressive conservationism, and not from the Pioneer Frontier Myth as the Long's Peakers would like to believe. Hobbs concludes that Ecological Integrity, the new western myth set forth in the Long's Peak Report, is opposed to progressive conservation law, which embodies a much fuller spectrum of the public interest, including beneficial uses under state law, environmental protection, and enhancement. The ecological integrity paradigm must evolve to incorporate respect for public and private land and water rights. A seventh western myth, Progressive Community Conservationism, could embrace Pinchot's progressive conservationism, Aldo Leopold's land ethic, and the more evolved ecological integrity paradigm.

The myth-makers of the American West have produced another one. One hundred and thirty years ago, Bierstadt painted The Rocky Mountains-Lander's Peak (1863) and A Storm in the Rockies-Mt. Rosalie [...], Support for the Long's Peak Report is not unanimous. Mr. Hobbs finds that the report is a one-dimensional argument for federal dominance of western water policy Specifically, he argues that the report is biased against water storage projects, economic use of the water, and local and state control Furthermore, Hobbs contends that the report advocates extension of reparian water doctrine, which ignores the realities of water scarcity, the benefits of storage, and the necessity of local custom and control. Hobbs also argues that the Long's Peak agenda will unlawfully violate state water rights constitutionally protected from regulatory takings.

In 2003, the Kansas State University College of Agriculture established a diversity programs office to assist the college with recruitment, retention, and graduation of underrepresented students. The Kansas State University Tilford Group has established standards for multicultural competency development that are founded in three primary discussion areas: knowledge, personal attributes, and skills. After several campus incidents, a university-wide event, KSUnite, was created to educate students and improve campus climate. Because diversity is an invaluable element of education, the Kansas State University College of Agriculture Diversity Programs Office seeks to educate students, faculty, and staff in the areas of cultural competency. To attain this objective, the Kansas State University College of Agriculture Diversity Programs Office co-hosted a diversity summit entitled “Growing Our Mindset” in the fall of 2017. At the conclusion of the summit, participants completed a Likert scale questionnaire that measured their development of cultural competencies as a result of forum participation. Questionnaire results and demographic information were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Overall, attendees responded favorably to the forum and indicated that diversity discussions should continue via an ongoing series. To continue this effort, the diversity programs office will utilize the obtained information to further develop cultural competencies within the College of Agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shares the author's discovery of a medallion alongside Wildcat Creek in Berkeley, California. Historical interest of the medallion; Spanish military expeditions in Contra Costs northward to the Berkeley Hills; Opinions of coin experts concerning the medallion; Comparison of the medallion with the emblems on replica flags of the four Spanish regiments that had been stationed at the Presidio of San Francisco.

The article offers information on law professor, Dan Tarlock. It mentions that he was born in Oakland, completed his law degree from Stanford University, and then taught at University of California, Los Angeles, Kentucky, Pennsylvania, and Indiana; and his works in the field of water management, and water rights.

The article focuses on the Snake River Basin Adjudication regarding the water rights and the basic principles of explorer John Wesley Powell with the much-misunderstood water commonwealth governance proposal. It proposed the creation of great irrigation districts transcend state boundaries to embrace a people unified by a shared hydrographic unit and vested, under state and national law and Idaho within its jurisdiction.

In this personal recollection, Justice Hobbs relates how clerking for Judge William E. Doyle early in the history of the Keyes case eventually led Justice Hobbs to serving on the Colorado Supreme Court. Justice Hobbs compares Judge Doyle to Governor Ralph Carr as peers for justice who upheld the civil rights of others, despite being reviled by many at the time. Governor Carr spoke up for the constitutional rights of Japanese Americans relocated to Colorado during World War II. Judge Doyle prohibited the de jure segregation of the Denver Public Schools. The Learning Center of Colorado's Ralph Carr Judicial Center numbers their actions among the most significant legal milestones in Colorado history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on public ownership and antispeculation in the appropriation of water laws in Colorado. Topics include the public ownership of water resources, the allocation of available unappropriated surface water, and beneficial use limitations. Information is provided on Colorado's prior appropriation doctrine.

Focuses on the importance of the personal viewpoint of judges, based on the author's experiences. Definition given to judging; Use of facts from the history of the state of Colorado in the development of judging abilities; Views on justice; Poems written by the author.

Presents evidence for the synthesis of D-lactate-ending peptidoglycan precursors by Lactobacillus plantarum. Description of the construction of mutant strains which is deficient for both lactate hydrogenase activities; Highly enhanced sensitivity to vancomycin in the mutant strains.

The present study replicates, using black parents, two earlier studies of the amount of difficulty reported by white parents in adjusting to their first infant. Mothers reported significantly more difficulty than fathers in adjusting to their infants, as had been found earlier with white parents and mean difficulty scores were slightly higher for black parents than for white parents. Of 15 potential predictor variables, post-birth marital satisfaction, age of self whether pregnancy was planned and/or desired, number of additional children desired, and preference for sex of baby were associated with fathers' adjustment to their first child, while age of self and age of baby were associated with adjustment by mothers. It was concluded that black parents' difficulties in adjusting to their first child were slightly greater than and somewhat different from difficulties reported in the prior studies of white parents, but their difficulties were not of crisis proportions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study is a replication of a study published by Hobbs (1965) a decade ago. It was done with a random sample of couples from the same geographic location and with as nearly identical methods to the initial study as was feasible. Overall findings of the present study largely confirmed what was found in 1965: only slight amounts of difficulty in adjusting to the first child were found, and mothers reported significantly greater amounts of difficulty than did fathers. A search for variables related to the amount of difficulty with the first child indicated that the search for such predictor variables is very much a challenge for the future. Further evaluation was made of the index to measure difficulty experienced by first-time parents, and suggestions were made for revisions of such an index. It was concluded that on the basis of the present findings, as well as those of other investigators, it is more accurate to refer to beginning parenthood as a transition rather than a crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study an attempt was made to replicate an earlier study and to determine whether variability among published findings on adjusting to the first child may be due in part to the use of different measuring instruments. An effort was also made to test the hypothesis that the amount of difficulty in adjusting to the first child was positively correlated with the child's age and to ascertain whether difficulty with the first child was negatively correlated with parents' marital adjustment scores. The replication confirmed that parenthood was not as severely stressful as earlier studies had suggested. Findings varied considerably when two indexes were used with the same research subjects, but checklist scores and interview ratings were correlated to- a statistically significant degree. The amount of difficulty in adjusting to the first infant and parents' marital adjustment scores were negatively correlated to a statistically significant degree for checklist scores but not for ratings of interviews. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although money is available for family research, the dearth of significant projects, lack of adequate theoretical formulations, scarcity of personnel, weaknesses in basic designs, and procedural problems related to participation of subjects are seen as significant impediments to sound research on the family. A symposium held at the 1963 annual meeting of the National Council on Family Relations considered these problems at some length, and the panel members' suggestions for reducing these weaknesses form the content of this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study attempted to learn if earlier findings with middle-class subjects would generalize to a probability sample of first-time parents' adjustment to parenthood. Measurement of crisis proved to be a central problem and so became an added objective. Parenthood was found to be not very difficult, and variables which earlier had been found to differentiate couples in the slight-moderate crisis category from those in the extensive-severe category were not statistically significant. Caution is warranted until more progress is made in measuring crisis and until investigation extends to more adequate samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on curricular and co-curricular diversity as well as interaction diversity are forms of racial diversity in higher education and providing evidence that programmatic approaches positively increase diversity outcomes. It mentions level of diversity experience among enrolled students in College of Agriculture at Kansas State University. It also mentions diversity and challenge had a large impact on changes in student attitudes and learning and personal development outcomes.

The article discuses how a State may come to know itself and what a rural sociologist should know about his home State. The Department of Rural Social-Economics at the University of North Carolina has pioneered in the effort to acquaint the home folk with their home state. It is very probable that there is no other state in the Union in which the people are better acquainted with the economic, social and civic affairs of the state as in North Carolina. The article briefly outlines some methods and agencies employed by the department in its Know North Carolina program. Know North Carolina is the title of a college credit course on the home state; economic and social; and it is the only course of its nature given in any college in the United States. This course is taught in four different ways: (1) to regular campus classes, (2) by extension in organized class centers, mainly to public school teachers, (3) by correspondence to individual students, and (4) to hundreds of women whose clubs elect to study North Carolina through the use of the program and materials furnished by the extension division.