1. A proinflammatory diet is associated with an increased likelihood of first clinical diagnosis of central nervous system demyelination in women.
- Author
-
Mannino, Adriana, Lithander, Fiona E, Dunlop, Eleanor, Hoare, Samuel, Shivappa, Nitin, Daly, Alison, Phillips, Michael, Pereira, Gavin, Sherriff, Jill, Lucas, Robyn M, Ponsonby, Anne-Louise, Hébert, James R, van der Mei, Ingrid, Black, Lucinda, Ausimmune Investigator Group, Mannino, Adriana, Lithander, Fiona E, Dunlop, Eleanor, Hoare, Samuel, Shivappa, Nitin, Daly, Alison, Phillips, Michael, Pereira, Gavin, Sherriff, Jill, Lucas, Robyn M, Ponsonby, Anne-Louise, Hébert, James R, van der Mei, Ingrid, Black, Lucinda, and Ausimmune Investigator Group
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: While a number of studies have examined associations between dietary factors and risk of multiple sclerosis (MS), little is known about intakes of inflammation-modulating foods and nutrients and risk of MS. OBJECTIVES: To test associations between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) and risk of a first clinical diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) demyelination (FCD) (267 cases, 507 controls) using data from the Ausimmune Study. METHODS: The 2003-2006 Ausimmune Study was a multicentre, matched, case-control study examining environmental risk factors for an FCD, a common precursor to MS. The DII is a well-recognised tool that categorises individuals' diets on a continuum from maximally anti-inflammatory to maximally pro-inflammatory. The DII score was calculated from dietary intake data collected using a food frequency questionnaire. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between DII and FCD separately for men and women. RESULTS: In women, a higher DII score was associated with increased likelihood of FCD, with a 17% increase in likelihood of FCD per one-unit increase in DII score (adjusted odds ratio 1.17, 95% confidence interval 1.04-1.33). There was no association between DII and FCD in men (adjusted odds ratio 0.88, 95% confidence interval 0.73-1.07). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with an increased likelihood of FCD in women.
- Published
- 2022