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Background Millions of children fail to meet their developmental potential and experience mental health concerns globally. Evidence is mixed on whether growth beyond the first 1000 d of life influences intellectual functioning and mental health in school-age children. Objectives We examined associations of childhood growth before and after the first 1000 d of life with child intellectual functioning and mental health at age 6-7 y. Methods We used data from a follow-up of a randomized controlled trial of preconception supplementation (PRECONCEPT study) in Vietnam. A total of 5011 women participated in the study and 1579 children were born during 2012-2014. At age 6-7 y, child intellectual functioning was assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, and mental health concerns were measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Multivariable linear models were used to examine the independent association of child size at age 2 y [height-for-age z-score (HAZ) and body-mass-index z-score (BMIZ)] and conditional measures of linear and ponderal growth between the ages of 2 and 7 y. Results HAZ at 2 y was positively associated with the Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient (β = 1.4; 95% CI: 0.5, 2.2 points) and its subdomains, namely Perceptual Reasoning Index, Working Memory Index, and Processing Speed Index (β = 1.0-1.4 points). Higher HAZ at 2 y was associated with lower overall mental health concerns (β = -0.24; 95% CI: -0.47, -0.01) and peer problems (β = -0.08; 95% CI: -0.17, -0.01). Faster height gain between 2 and 7 y was associated with higher total intellectual functioning (β = 0.9; 95% CI: 0.02, 1.8) and fewer emotional issues (β = -0.09; 95% CI: -0.18, -0.01). BMIZ at 2 y was not associated with intellectual functioning but was marginally associated with higher conduct and peer problems. Conditional weight gain between 2 and 7 y was not associated with child intellectual functioning or mental health in young school-age children. Conclusions Child linear growth both during and beyond the first 1000 d is positively associated with intellectual functioning and mental health during the early school-age years.

Background Growth faltering is associated with adverse consequences during childhood and later life. However, questions remain on the relative importance of preconception maternal nutritional status (PMNS) and child growth during the first 1000 d of life. Objectives We examined associations between PMNS, gestational weight gain (GWG), and child growth during the first 1000 d with attained body size at age 6–7 y. Methods We used data from a follow-up of a double-blinded randomized controlled trial of preconception micronutrient supplementation in Vietnam (n = 5011 women). The outcomes included offspring height-for-age z score (HAZ), BMI-for-age z score (BMIZ), and prevalence of stunting and overweight/obese at age 6–7 y (n = 1579). We used multivariable linear and Poisson regression models to evaluate the relative contributions of PMNS (height and BMI), GWG, and conditional growth in 4 periods: fetal, 0–6 mo, 6–12 mo, and 12–24 mo. Results PMNS was positively associated with child-attained size at 6–7 y. For each 1-SD higher maternal height and BMI, offspring had 0.28-SD and 0.13-SD higher HAZ at 6–7 y, respectively. Higher maternal BMI and GWG were associated with larger child BMIZ (β: 0.29 and 0.10, respectively). Faster linear growth, especially from 6 to 24 mo, had the strongest association with child HAZ at 6–7 y (β: 0.39–0.42), whereas conditional weight measures in all periods were similarly associated with HAZ (β: 0.10–0.15). For BMIZ at 6–7 y, the magnitude of association was larger and increased with child age for conditional weight gain (β: 0.21–0.41) but smaller for conditional length gain. Faster growth in the first 2 y was associated with reduced risk of stunting and thinness but increased risk of overweight/obese at 6–7 y. Conclusions Interventions aimed at improving child growth while minimizing the risk of overweight during the school age years should target both women of reproductive age prior to conception through delivery and their offspring during the first 1000 d. The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01665378.

Background Although there is growing evidence on the role of preconception nutrition for birth outcomes, very few studies have evaluated the long-term effects of nutrition interventions during the preconception period on offspring cognitive outcomes. Objective We evaluate the impact of preconception weekly multiple micronutrients (MMs) or iron and folic acid (IFA) supplementation compared with folic acid (FA) alone on offspring intellectual functioning at age 6-7 y. Methods We followed 1599 offspring born to women who participated in a double-blinded randomized controlled trial of preconception supplementation in Vietnam. Women received weekly supplements containing either 2800 μg FA only, 60 mg iron and 2800 μg FA, or MMs (15 micronutrients including IFA) from baseline until conception, followed by daily prenatal IFA supplements until delivery. We used the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children to measure full-scale IQ (FSIQ) and 4 related domains of intellectual functioning [Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI), Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI), Working Memory Index (WMI), and Processing Speed Index (PSI) scores] at 6-7 y. Group comparisons were done using ANOVA tests for all children and the subgroup born to women who consumed the supplements ≥26 wk before conception (per-protocol analyses). Results The final sample with data at 6-7 y (n = 1321) was similar for baseline maternal and offspring birth characteristics and age at follow-up by treatment group. Compared with the offspring in the FA group, those in the MM group had higher FSIQ (β = 1.7; 95% CI: 0.1, 3.3), WMI (β = 1.7; 95% CI: 0.2, 3.2), and PSI (β = 2.5; 95% CI: 0.9, 4.1). Similar findings were observed in the per-protocol analyses. There were no significant differences by treatment group for VCI and PRI. Conclusions Preconception supplementation with MMs improved certain domains of intellectual functioning at age 6-7 y compared with FA. These findings suggest the potential for preconception micronutrient interventions to have long-term benefits for offspring cognition.

Background: Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) reclassification has significantly influenced the field of thyroidology. However, the extent of this...

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to synthesize empirical results relating to antecedents influencing differences in performance between business group (BG) affiliated firms and independent firms in emerging economies.Design/methodology/approachA metanalysis was conducted in this research in which samples were collected, and a continuous data set for figuring the differentiation between group and non-group variables was selected and analyzed. These variables included performance, diversification, ownership characteristics, firm characteristics and group characteristics.FindingsThe research presents a set of hypotheses from a model that shows the influences of factors moderating the differences between the performance of BG affiliates and independent firms, including governance and the kinds of strategic choices which these firms make. Four of the five hypotheses were totally supported, showing the importance of differentiating affiliates’ and independent firms’ performance in terms of ownership concentration, dividend payout, leverage, R&D, as well as diversification and a firm’s age and size.Originality/valueThe study focused its research on an examination of pyramid and cross-holding groups in order to reveal the role of the core firms. It also examines ownership concentration, as well as internal relationships with capital structure, and the effect which these have on firm performance, in order to further understand the relationship among BGs, corporate governance and performance in emerging-market economies.

Background:Data about the risk factors and pancreatic cancer in developing countries remain limited. We investigated for the first time the role of a number of risk factors (family cancer history, smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, inflammation disease, HBV infection) associated with pancreatic cancer among Vietnamese patients.Methods:We included all patients hospitalized at 4 Northern Vietnamese hospitals (Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Bach Mai, Viet Duc, Thai Nguyen) and diagnosed with pancreatic cancer during the period from 2017 to 2019. Risk factors of eligible patients were collected and assessed the associations using a matched control study and logistic regression model analysis.Results:We identified 196 patients with diagnosis of pancreatic cancer of which 114 males and 82 females. The average age of the patient at the time of diagnosis was 58.28 years (standard deviation of 12.94, ranging from 25 to 87). Most of patients were diagnosed at advanced stage (85%). Smoking, diabetes, inflammation disease significantly increased the cancer risks (OR and 95% CI were 2.42 (1.38-4.37), 3.09 (1.54-6.68), 2.21 (1.42-3.45), respectively). HBV infection demonstrated a significant link with pancreatic cancer in univariate model (OR = 2.94 (1.08-9.36)), but not in multivariate model. However, cancer family history and alcohol drinkers did not show any significantly increased risk related to pancreatic cancer.Conclusions:Our finding showed smoking, diabetes, inflammation disease significantly increased the risk of pancreatic cancer in Vietnam.

Crizotinib has been approved for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with ROS proto-oncogene 1 (ROS1) gene fusion. This drug has also been granted breakthrough designation for NSCLCs with MET exon 14 alterations. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of crizotinib in patients with these diseases. We searched PubMed and Web of Science for relevant studies. Meta-analysis of proportions was conducted to calculate the pooled rate of complete response, partial response, stable disease, progressive disease, disease control rate (DCR), objective response rate (ORR), and drug adverse effects (AEs) of crizotinib in NSCLCs with ROS1 rearrangement or MET alterations. A total of 20 studies were included for meta-analysis. Among patients with ROS1-positive NSCLC, crizotinib exhibited a pooled DCR of 93.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 90.8–95.5) and a pooled ORR of 77.4% (95% CI 72.8–82.1). The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients in this group was 14.5 and 32.6 months, respectively. For NSCLC with MET alterations, crizotinib was associated with a lower efficacy (DCR 78.9% [95% CI 70.3–87.4] and ORR 40.6% [95% CI 28.3–53.0]). The median PFS was 5.2 months, and median OS was 12.7 months. The most common drug AEs were vision impairment (43.7%), edema (42.9%), and fatigue (40.1%). Our study highlighted and confirmed the efficacy of crizotinib in patients with NSCLC with ROS1 or MET genetic alterations. Crizotinib had remarkable effects on advanced NSCLC with ROS1 fusion, as previously reported. However, the role of this targeted therapy in MET-altered NSCLC remains investigational.

OBJECTIVES: While there is growing evidence on the role of preconception nutrition for birth outcomes, very few studies have evaluated the effects of nutrition interventions during the preconception period on maternal health. This study evaluates the impact of preconception weekly multiple micronutrients (MM) or iron and folic acid (IFA) supplementation compared to FA alone on maternal nutritional status through 6–7y post-partum (PP). METHODS: We followed women who participated in a randomized controlled trial of preconception supplementation in Vietnam and delivered live offspring (n = 1599). Women received weekly supplements containing either 2800 μg FA only, 60 mg iron and 2800 μg FA, or MM (15 micronutrients including IFA), from baseline until conception; followed by daily prenatal IFA supplements until delivery. Anthropometric measurements were obtained at recruitment and at 2 and 6–7 y PP. Group comparisons were done using ANOVA or chi-square tests. RESULTS: The groups were similar for baseline (preconception) maternal and offspring birth characteristics. Mean (SD) Body Mass Index (BMI; kg/m2) increased from 19.6 (2.1) at baseline, to 20.4 (2.4) and 21.6 (2.8) at 2 and 6–7 y PP (n = 931). The prevalence of overweight (BMI ≥ 23.5 kg/m2) also increased from 4.7% to 9% and 21%, at baseline, 2, and 6–7 years PP respectively, while underweight (BMI

OBJECTIVES: While there is growing evidence on the role of preconception nutrition for birth outcomes, very few studies have evaluated the effects of nutrition interventions during the preconception period on child development. This study evaluates the impact of preconception weekly multiple micronutrients (MM) or iron and folic acid (IFA) supplementation compared to FA alone on child growth and development at age 6–7y. METHODS: We followed 1599 offspring born to women who participated in a randomized controlled trial of preconception supplementation in Vietnam. Women received weekly supplements containing either 2800 μg FA only, 60 mg iron and 2800 μg FA, or MM (15 micronutrients including IFA), from baseline until conception; followed by daily prenatal IFA supplements until delivery. Child anthropometry and development were measured at 6–7y. Child development was measured using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children IV®. Group comparisons were done using ANOVA or chi-square tests for both intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol analyses (PP, women consumed supplements ≥26 wk before conception). RESULTS: The groups were similar for baseline maternal and offspring birth characteristics and age at follow-up. We found significant differences (P

Nowadays Progressive weight loss, common reduces performance and quality of life in patients with advanced lung cancer. However, there is a paucity of studies that focus on nutritional status and quality of life of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The present study seeks to determine the nutritional status, and its relation to quality of life, of NSCLC patients. One hundred NSCLC patients (mean age 60,1 years) were evaluated during therapy at the Lower Silesian Center of Lung Diseases in Thai Nguyen – Vietnam. Nutritional status was evaluated by means of the Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and quality of life by means of two instruments developed by the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC): QLQ-C30 and QLQ-LC13 questionnaires. The MNA revealed that up to 49,1% of patients were undernourished, 24,9% were at risk of malnutrition, and only 26.0% showed a normal nutrition. The well-nourished respondents evaluated their quality of life better in all functional scaQLQ-C30 and specific LC13 questionnaires. In univariate analysis, malnutrition significantly correlated with decreased quality of life and the intensity of symptoms in both questionnaires. In multivariate analysis, malnutrition was an independent determinant of decreased quality of life in physical functioning domain (β ¼ 0.015; p < 0.001). We conclude that malnutrition has an impact on quality of life and on the presentation of symptoms in NSCLC patients. Therefore, nutritional care should be integrated into the global oncology as an adjunct to symptomatic treatment. les (33.3 vs. 41.7 vs. 66.7, respectively) and presented less intensive symptoms in general, research has contributed to the current viewpoint cancer treatment.

In news genre, the sport domain is one of great interest to audiences on many occasions. The explosion of Internet these days leads to many obstacles for users in searching information due to enormous amount of data collected from multiple media streams. In this case, Semantic Web is believed to bring a solution for information integration. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach for an integration system of sports information using semantic web. Semantic annotation of sport news on the web is a way to bring success to our system. We propose an algorithm to generate semantic annotations of sport news that relies on the ontology. Named entities recognition is improved by integrating the KIM information extraction system with this ontology, which is dedicated for sport domain. The concepts and relations of ontology detected in the text are combined with these entities to capture the semantic. Initial experiments on soccer news demonstrated promising results.