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Mesopores and silanol nests are known two technological keys that essentially control the catalytic performance of ZSM-5 zeolite. However, designing and controlling them without using chemicals so that the produced ZSM-5 can have strongly enhanced catalytic properties and more importantly can be applied at industrial scale have still been a big challenge up to now. The present study employed the 10 MeV electron beam (EB) generated from an industrial linear accelerator to introduce both the O-vacancy rich mesopores and stable triad-silanol nests in ZSM-5. The structural modification of irradiated ZSM-5 samples was explored by using SEM and FTIR combined with positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) including positron annihilation lifetime (PAL), Doppler broadening (DB) of electron–positron annihilation energy and electron momentum distribution (EMD). Obtained results indicated that EB irradiation could recover the defective-crystal structure as well as intensively modify the structures of ZSM-5. In particular, the mechanism for the solid-state crystallization and the formation of the O-vacancy rich mesopores (maximum size of ∼4.5 nm) in ZSM-5 under the combined EB irradiation (10−110 kGy) and calcination (600 °C) was, for the first time, proposed. The mechanism for the formation of stable triad-silanol nests in the channels of irradiated and calcined ZSM-5 zeolites was also explored. The present study, therefore, opens a new research path of applying both EB irradiation and calcination to produce ZSM-5 with novel features for industrial catalytic application at large-production scale.

Abstract Background Retinoblastoma (RB), an intraocular malignancy commonly diagnosed in children, is mostly caused by inactivating mutations of both alleles of the RB1 gene. Early genetic screening for RB1 gene mutations would greatly improve treatment outcomes and patient management. Methods In this study, both somatic and germline mutations were detected in blood and tumour samples of 42 RB patients using direct sequencing and multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification. Results In total, 34 different mutations were found in 36 patients, including 1 SNP, 4 large deletions, 5 splicing sites, 1 missense, 7 frameshifts and 17 nonsense mutations. There were five novel mutations and one unreported which have not been found in large databases such as Leiden Open Variation Database (LOVD) and ClinVar. Conclusion A higher rate of RB patients carrying heterozygous germline mutation and highly prevalent with pathogenic truncated mutation, hence, early detection of RB is essential for vision salvation and genetic counselling.

Owners of vessels are interested in the lowest possible operating costs. These costs are mainly related to fuel consumption during navigation. To manage it rationally, the main decision-making problem is selecting the proper parameters of the ship’s propulsion system during navigation. In practice, operators of ships equipped with controllable pitch propellers controlled in manual mode make a selection of the commanded outputs based on their own knowledge, intuition, and all accessible information regarding sea conditions. In many cases, their decisions are unreasonable or incorrect. Therefore, it would be desirable to support their decision-making in selecting the commanded outputs.

BackgroundThis study evaluated the prognostic ability of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in patients with stage IV adenocarcinoma lung cancer to detect protein death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression levels.MethodsIn total, 86 patients with stage IV adenocarcinoma lung cancer underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging and PD-L1 expression evaluation before treatment from February 2019 to November 2020 at Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam. The assessed patient characteristics in this study included sex, age, smoking status, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, PD-L1 expression level, survival status, tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) stage, and metastasis locations.ResultsThe average age was 62.23 ± 9.51 years, and men and women represented 67.4% and 32.6% of the population, respectively. The EGFR mutation rate was 36%. PD-L1 expression was negative (detected in

Objective To explore the association between early essential newborn care (EENC) policy, practice and environmental interventions and breastfeeding outcomes.Design Cross-sectional observational study.Setting 150 national, provincial and district hospitals implementing EENC in eight countries in East Asia and the Pacific.Participants 1383 maternal interviews, chart reviews and environmental assessments during 2016 and 2017.Main outcome measures Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), that is, feeding only breastmilk without other food or fluids since birth and before discharge, and, early breastfeeding initiation, that is, during skin-to-skin contact (SSC) with the mother without separation.Results Fifty-nine per cent of newborns initiated breastfeeding early and 83.5% were EBF. Duration of SSC showed a strong dose–response relationship with early breastfeeding initiation. SSC of at least 90 min was associated with 368.81 (95% CI 88.76 to 1532.38, p

This article presents experimental data on visual, mechanical, thermal, and structural characterization by hot-pressing four sources of milled plant powders and coconut fibers. It correlates chemical composition obtained by (FTIR), particle size, and reports bending strength, water resistance morphological (SEM) and thermal stability, structural properties (FTIR and XRD). It further supplements findings of the influence of microfibrillation and chemical composition on hot-pressing plant fibers as presented in the research article “Effects of Chemical Composition, Mild Alkaline Pretreatment and Particle Size on Mechanical, Thermal, and Structural Properties of Binderless Lignocellulosic Biopolymers Prepared by Hot-Pressing Raw Microfibrillated Phoenix Dactylifera and Cocos Nucifera Fibers and Leaves” [1]. For more insights into the difference among non-lignin-, lignin-, and semi lignin-based adhesion refer to the research article [1]. This dataset is made publicly available for potential reuse in recycling agricultural waste fibers for value-added materials.

The effect of austenitizing conditions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of an austempered ductile iron (ADI) with a dual matrix was investigated. Carbon diffusion plays a critical role in the phase transformation of austenitization. In initially pearlitic structures, the carbon diffusion distances involved during austenitization are smaller compared to those in ferritic structures. The study was carried out to examine the influence of temperature and times of the austenitization process on the maximum carbon content in austenite and then its effect on the processing window of ADI with the dual matrix. An alloyed ductile iron (3,6%C; 2,44%Si; 0,36%Mn; 0,9%Ni; 0,61%Cu; 0,11%Cr; 0,036%Mg; 0,015%S và 0,006%P) was fully austenitic at various temperatures 870 °C–930 °C. The minimum hardness reaches the value of 270 HB. An increase in austenitization temperature increases the carbon content dissolved in the austenite, which in turn, decreases the free energy controlling the transformation of austenite to bainite ferrite and high carbon austenite. Raising the austenitization temperature makes the process window shift toward the extending time. The carbon atoms must diffuse out of the ferrite needle with a diffusion distance equal to the ferrite layer thickness. At 360 °C austempered temperature, diffusion coefficient D = 4.60.10 ^–17 (m ^2 /s). With a ferrite needle thickness of 1 μ m = 10 ^–6 m, the diffusion time would be t = 5330 (s).

This research reports the processability and mechanical properties of silk resins prepared by hot-pressing followed by hot-rolling and then analyzes their thermal and structural properties. The results show that regenerated silk (RS) resins are better suited for hot-rolling than Eri and Bombyx mori silk resins (untreated silk). When hot-rolling at 160 °C with a 50% of reduction ratio, maximum bending strength and Young’s modulus of RS resin reaches 192 MPa and 10.2 GPa, respectively, after pretreatment by immersion in 40 vol% ethanol, and 229 MPa and 12.5 GPa, respectively, after pretreatment by immersion in boiling water. Increased strength of the material is attributed to the increased content of aggregated strands and intramolecular linking of β sheets (attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) and higher crystallinity (X-ray diffraction analysis). After hot-pressing and hot-rolling, RS resins have a stable decomposition temperature (297 °C).

Neutronics analysis has been performed for the 500 kW Dalat Nuclear Research Reactor loaded with highly enriched uranium fuel using the SRAC code system. The effective multiplication factors, keff, were analyzed for the core at criticality conditions and in two cases corresponding to the complete withdrawal and the full insertion of control rods. MCNP5 calculations were also conducted and compared to that obtained with the SRAC code. The results show that the difference of the keff values between the codes is within 55 pcm. Compared to the criticality conditions established in the experiments, the maximum differences of the keff values obtained from the SRAC and MCNP5 calculations are 119 pcm and 64 pcm, respectively. The radial and axial power peaking factors are 1.334 and 1.710, respectively, in the case of no control rod insertion. At the criticality condition these values become 1.445 and 1.832 when the control rods are partially inserted. Compared to MCNP5 calculations, the deviation of the relative power densities is less than 4% at the fuel bundles in the middle of the core, while the maximum deviation is about 7% appearing at some peripheral bundles. This agreement indicates the verification of the analysis models.