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13. Exploring the role of family communication time in the association between family dinner frequency and adolescent psychological distress

Author

Wong, Rosa S., Tung, Keith T. S., Chow, Kristy H. T., Law, Abigail R. M., Ho, Frederick K. W., Chan, Ko Ling, and Ip, Patrick

Subjects
Stress in children -- Social aspects, Interpersonal communication -- Psychological aspects, Domestic relations -- Psychological aspects, Dinners and dining -- Psychological aspects -- Social aspects, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

Although research shows that family dinner is associated with adolescent psychological well-being, it is unclear whether this association still exists when parent-adolescent communication is limited particularly in today's high-tech society where frequent family meals may not necessarily co-exist with frequent family communication. We therefore examined the relationships among adolescent psychological distress, parent-adolescent dinner frequency, and parent-adolescent communication time using data from 826 parent-adolescent dyads. Adolescents self-reported symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress in the preceding month using the validated Chinese version of the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 (DASS-21). Their parents reported the frequency of breakfasts and dinners, duration of daily communication with the adolescent, and other family sociodemographic characteristics. Moderated regression analysis was used to examine associations of adolescent psychological distress with parent-adolescent dinner frequency and parent-adolescent non-conflictual communication time. We found that parent-adolescent non-conflictual communication time was independently and significantly associated with adolescent DASS Depression ([beta] = -1.31, p < 0.001), Anxiety ([beta] = -0.84, p < 0.001), and Stress ([beta] = -1.00, p < 0.001) scores, but parent-adolescent dinner frequency was not. Furthermore, adolescents reported lower levels of depression and stress only when they concurrently engaged in both everyday dinner and regular non-conflictual communication with parents. Findings emphasize the importance of regular dinner and non-conflictual communication with parents for adolescent psychological well-being., Author(s): Rosa S. Wong [sup.1] , Keith T. S. Tung [sup.1] , Kristy H. T. Chow [sup.1] , Abigail R. M. Law [sup.1] , Frederick K. W. Ho [sup.2] , [...]

Published
2023
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32. Intimate Partner Violence Against Women Before, During, and After Pregnancy: A Meta-Analysis.

Author

Chen, Xiao-Yan, Lo, Camilla Kin Ming, Chen, Qiqi, Gao, Shuling, Ho, Frederick K., Brownridge, Douglas Austin, Leung, Wing Cheong, Ip, Patrick, and Ling Chan, Ko

Subjects
PREGNANCY, RISK assessment, MIDDLE-income countries, INTIMATE partner violence, PSYCHOLOGY of abused women, VIOLENCE, RESEARCH funding, PUERPERIUM, PREGNANT women, META-analysis, DISEASE prevalence, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation, SYSTEMATIC reviews, MEDLINE, PRECONCEPTION care, PREGNANCY complications, ONLINE information services, SOCIAL support, QUALITY assurance, PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems, CHILDBIRTH, LOW-income countries, DISEASE risk factors
Abstract

Intimate partner violence (IPV) against pregnant women negatively impacts women's and infants' health. Yet inconsistent results have been found regarding whether pregnancy increases or decreases the risk of IPV. To answer this question, we systematically searched for studies that provided data on IPV against women before pregnancy, during pregnancy, and after childbirth. Nineteen studies met our selection criteria. We meta-analyzed the nineteen studies for the pooled prevalence of IPV across the three periods and examined study characteristics that moderate the prevalence. Results showed the pooled prevalence estimates of IPV were 21.2% before pregnancy, 12.8% during pregnancy and 14.7% after childbirth. Although these findings suggest a reduction in IPV during pregnancy, our closer evaluation of the prevalence of IPV after childbirth revealed that the reduction does not appear to persist. The prevalence of IPV increased from 12.8% within the first year after childbirth to 24.0% beyond the first year. Taken together, we should not assume pregnancy protects women from IPV, as IPV tends to persist across a longer-term period. Future studies are needed to investigate if IPV transits into other less obvious types of violence during pregnancy. Moderator analyses showed the prevalence estimates significantly varied across countries by income levels and regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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37. In which common chronic conditions can (or cannot) obesity and lifestyle factors explain higher concentrations of C‐reactive protein?

Author

Anderson, Jana J., Deo, Salil V., Welsh, Paul, MacKay, Danny F., Ho, Frederick K., Ferguson, Lyn D., Celis‐Morales, Carlos, Gill, Jason M. R., Pell, Jill P., and Sattar, Naveed

Subjects
CHRONIC obstructive pulmonary disease, CHRONIC kidney failure, BODY mass index, SLEEP apnea syndromes, MYOCARDIAL infarction
Abstract

Aim: Elevated C‐reactive protein (CRP), a marker of inflammation, is common in many chronic conditions. We aimed to examine to what extent elevated CRP in chronic conditions could be explained by concurrent adiposity. Materials and Methods: This cross‐sectional study analysed UK Biobank data on 10 chronic conditions reported at baseline. Linear regression models explored the extent to which CRP concentrations were elevated in each condition, unadjusted; adjusted for sociodemographic confounders and lifestyle and body mass index (BMI) in a series of models; or adjusted for BMI and waist circumference together or for adiposity alone. Results: After exclusion of participants with a potential acute infection at baseline, we tested the association in 292 772 UK Biobank participants. Linear regression showed that elevated CRP concentration was associated with all included conditions. After adjustment for sociodemographic confounders, lifestyle and BMI, chronic kidney disease, heart failure, liver disease, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were still associated with elevated CRP. In contrast, the association between prevalent diabetes, prior myocardial infarction (MI), hypertension and sleep apnoea and CRP could be mostly explained by adiposity alone. For example, the 42% higher CRP concentrations in diabetes compared to those without diabetes in the unadjusted model (lnCRP β: 0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.32–0.37, p < 0.001) were completely attenuated after adjustment for BMI (lnCRP β: −0.07; 95% CI: −0.09−0.05, p < 0.001). Conclusions/Interpretation: In diabetes, MI, hypertension and sleep apnoea and elevated CRP appears to be accounted for by the greater adiposity typically evident in these conditions. However, for the other conditions, systemic inflammation cannot be explained by excess adiposity alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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39. Associations of Physical Activity With Breast Cancer Risk: Findings From the UK Biobank Prospective Cohort Study.

Author

Parra-Soto, Solange, Tumblety, Craig, Araya, Carolina, Rezende, Leandro F.M., Ho, Frederick K., Pell, Jill P., and Celis-Morales, Carlos

Subjects
PHYSICAL activity, DISEASE risk factors, BREAST cancer, COHORT analysis, LONGITUDINAL method
Abstract

Purpose: Although physical activity (PA) has been consistently associated with breast cancer, existing evidence is limited to self-reported physical activity, which is prone to dilution bias. Therefore, this aims to examine the associations of device-measured PA domains with breast cancer risk and whether it differs by menopausal status. Methods: Prospective cohort study. Data from 48,286 women from the UK Biobank cohort were analyzed. A wrist triaxial accelerometer was used to collect physical activity data for light, moderate, vigorous, moderate to vigorous, and total PA. Cox proportional models were performed to examine the association between PA domains, menopausal status, and breast cancer risk. Results: Eight hundred thirty-six breast cancer cases were diagnosed during a median of 5.4 years (interquartile range: 4.7–5.9). For total PA, those in the most active quartile had a 26% lower risk of breast cancer (Hazard ratio [HR]: 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.61–0.91) compared with those least active. Similar results were observed for light PA (HR: 0.79; 95% CI, 0.64–0.96), and moderate to vigorous PA (HR: 0.78; 95% CI, 0.64–0.96). However, moderate PA (HR: 0.73; 95% CI, 0.44–1.19) and vigorous PA (HR: 0.77; 95% CI, 0.56–1.05) was nonsignificant. No evidence of interaction between PA domains and menopause status was found (P >.10). Conclusion: High levels of PA are associated with a lower risk of breast cancer with similar magnitude of associations observed across different intensity domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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