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Crohn's disease (CD) is a granulomatous inflammatory bowel disease. Around 25% of CD patients exhibit extraintestinal manifestations, though pulmonary involvement is rare. This study presents a case of CD causing pleural effusion. A 43-year-old man visited the pulmonology clinic with a dry cough for one-month, right-side pleuritic chest pain, and exertional dyspnea. He was treated with antihistamines and antitussive syrup, with incomplete relief. A chest CT scan showed bilateral mild pleural effusion. Given his occasional black stools and high serum calprotectin, a colonoscopy confirmed CD. Pulmonary manifestations may involve airway, parenchymal, and interstitial pathologies, but no distinctive pathological findings differentiate CD's pulmonary manifestations from other causes. In conclusion, isolated bilateral pleural effusion and the underlying pleuritis as a pulmonary manifestation of CD—characterized by dry cough and pleuritic chest pain, particularly preceding the diagnosis of CD—is extremely rare but possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mullerian anomalies occur as a result of errors during embryogenesis. The estimated incidence of these anomalies is around 1% in the general population and 3% in women complaining of suboptimal reproductive outcomes and infertility. A 21-year-old female patient was referred to our hospital due to primary infertility for 18 months. After a proper history, physical examination and further diagnostic steps, including ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, a diagnosis of complete septate uterus with septate cervix and longitudinal vaginal septum was made. Following hysteroscopic resection of all the septa and two cycles of ovulation induction, the patient was able to conceive. However, she needed cervical cerclage later due to cervical insufficiency. The baby was delivered at term and was healthy. A uterine, cervical and longitudinal vaginal septum is a unique entity of Mullerian anomalies. Resection of all septa through a hysteroscopic approach resulted in a good outcome for our patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enhancing diagnostic bronchoscopy techniques is paramount for lung cancer detection; bronchial washing is one of those modalities. However, there is controversy regarding the optimum sequence of performing this procedure in relation to biopsy. The present study aimed to assess the most effective sequence of bronchial washing in relation to bronchial biopsy for diagnosing lung cancer. The present study was a single-center prospective study carried out over a period of 18 months. The study included patients >18 years of age with mass or suspected lesions on a chest computed tomography and an endoscopically visible mass. They were randomly assigned to a bronchial washing before the forceps biopsy group and a bronchial washing after the forceps biopsy group. Bronchial washing and forceps biopsy were performed under cytological and histopathological analysis, respectively. The present study included 50 patients with a mean age of 72 years. The males comprised 36 (72%) of the patients. The pre-biopsy bronchial wash (pre-BW) yielded positive results in 21 (42%) patients, and the post-biopsy bronchial wash (post-BW) yielded positive results in 23 (46%) patients. The biopsy results revealed that 22 (44%) of the cases were squamous cell carcinoma, 18 (36%) were adenocarcinoma, 8 (16%) were small cell lung carcinoma, 1 (2%) was acinar cell carcinoma, and 1 (2%) was not malignant. A comparison of pre-BW and post-BW revealed a statistically significant difference between them (P-value <0.001). Pre- and post-BW may affect the yield of diagnostic outcomes for endoscopically visible lung tumors. However, additional research, such as studies using larger sample sizes or meta-analyses, is required to determine the efficacy of this approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: A comprehensive understanding of the renal vascular anatomy variations is paramount to a successful kidney transplant. This reduces vascular injury risks and minimizes ischemia duration, optimizing surgical outcomes. The current study aims to assess the accuracy of renal computed tomography angiography (CTA) findings of live renal donors by comparing them with intraoperative findings. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2018 and February 2020. It included all healthy donors with two kidneys of normal size, shape, and position who were deemed suitable for nephrectomy. The CTA examinations were performed with the same protocol, which combined the vascular-excretory phase. Anatomical findings were recorded by a specialized radiologist. The CTA results were compared with intraoperative findings, which were documented by the transplantation team. Results: The study included 220 patients. The preoperative CTA was highly sensitive and accurate, reaching 99.5% and 98.6%, respectively, for single vessels and 100% sensitivity and accuracy for triple vessels, pelvicalyceal system, and ureter duplication. The sensitivity of CTA for double vessels (vein and artery) was 90% and 92.6%, respectively, while accuracy was 98.6% for both. Conclusion: CTA can be used to assess renal arteries and veins for potential renal donors with high accuracy. Although the CTA’s minor, statistically nonsignificant discordance with the surgical findings regarding double arteries and veins, no artery or vein was missed on the CTA. Therefore, the sensitivity of CTA can reach 100%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study reports a unique case of a 19-year-old male with Takayasu arteritis initially misdiagnosed as brucellosis due to persistently positive brucella serology. Despite multiple anti-brucellosis treatments, symptoms persisted until the correct diagnosis of Takayasu arteritis was made, Subsequent immunosuppressive therapy for Takayasu arteritis led to symptom improvement and normalization of serological markers. This highlights the challenge of distinguishing between these conditions and the potential for immunosuppression to impact brucella serology in such cases., Competing Interests: No conflicts of interest., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press.)

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been found to be associated with the development of traumatic neuromas on rare occasions. The present study reports a rare case of post-cholecystectomy biliary tree traumatic neuroma. Herein, a 47-year-old female with a history of laparoscopic cholecystectomy presented with upper abdominal pain and anorexia. Upon an examination, a yellow discoloration of the sclera was observed. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography revealed a dilated proximal bile duct and mild dilatation of the intrahepatic biliary tree due to a stricture. Intraoperatively, a hard bile duct mass was observed with multiple enlarged lymph nodes in the peri-hepatic region. The patient was initially suspected to have bile duct cancer; however, a histopathological analysis of the resected mass revealed a bile duct traumatic neuroma. Biliary traumatic neuromas may be underestimated since they often remain asymptomatic. It is unfortunate that, as traumatic neuromas often lack distinguishing characteristics, no particular radiological findings for traumatic neuromas of the bile duct have been described to date, at least to the best of our knowledge. The rarity of this condition, combined with the absence of a standardized diagnostic modality, renders its diagnosis difficult and can even lead to misdiagnosis as biliary cancer., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright: © Kaka Ali et al.)