76 results on '"Hirotaka Hamada"'
Search Results
2. Maternal birth weight as an indicator of early and late gestational diabetes mellitus: The Japan Environment and Children's Study
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Kazuma Tagami, Noriyuki Iwama, Hirotaka Hamada, Hasumi Tomita, Rie Kudo, Natsumi Kumagai, Hongxin Wang, Seiya Izumi, Zen Watanabe, Mami Ishikuro, Taku Obara, Nozomi Tatsuta, Hirohito Metoki, Chiharu Ota, Takashi Sugiyama, Shinichi Kuriyama, Takahiro Arima, Nobuo Yaegashi, Masatoshi Saito, and The Japan Environment and Children's Study Group
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Birth weight ,Cohort study ,Gestational diabetes ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
ABSTRACT Aims This study aimed to investigate the association of maternal birth weight (MBW) with early and late gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods A total of 69318 pregnant Japanese women were included in this birth cohort study. The associations between maternal birth weight and early gestational diabetes mellitus (diagnosed at
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- 2024
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3. Relationship between parity and the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Japan considering hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and body mass index
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Hongxin Wang, Noriyuki Iwama, Keiichi Yuwaki, You Nakamichi, Hirotaka Hamada, Hasumi Tomita, Kazuma Tagami, Rie Kudo, Natsumi Kumagai, Hirohito Metoki, Naoki Nakaya, Atsushi Hozawa, Shinichi Kuriyama, Nobuo Yaegashi, and Masatoshi Saito
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Parity ,Body mass index ,Chronic kidney disease ,Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Abstract Background Global studies exploring the relationship between parity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are scarce. Furthermore, no study has examined the relationship between parity and CKD in Japan. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between parity and the prevalence of CKD in a Japanese population, considering the clinical history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and current body mass index (BMI) based on menopausal status. Methods This cross-sectional study included 26,945 Japanese multiparous women (5,006 premenopausal and 21,939 postmenopausal women) and 3,247 nulliparous women (1,599 premenopausal and 1,648 postmenopausal women). Participants were divided into two groups based on their menopausal status (premenopausal and postmenopausal women). The relationship between parity and the prevalence of CKD was evaluated using a multiple logistic regression model adjusted for several covariates, including a clinical history of HDP and current BMI. Results The relationship between parity and the prevalence of CKD was not statistically significant in either premenopausal or postmenopausal multiparous women. A clinical history of HDP was significantly associated with an increased risk of CKD in premenopausal and postmenopausal multiparous women. However, the relationship between a clinical history of HDP and CKD in premenopausal women was weakened after adjusting for current BMI. Furthermore, the current BMI was significantly associated with an increased risk of CKD in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Conclusions Parity is not significantly associated with the prevalence of CKD in premenopausal and postmenopausal multiparous women. A clinical history of HDP is a risk factor for CKD in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Current BMI is also associated with an increased risk of CKD in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Therefore, continuous surveillance and preventive measures against CKD should be provided to women with a clinical history of HDP. In addition, maintaining an appropriate body weight is beneficial in reducing the risk of CKD.
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- 2024
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4. Association of parity with the prevalence of hypertension in Japan: The Tohoku Medical Megabank Community‐based cohort study
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Hongxin Wang, Noriyuki Iwama, Keiichi Yuwaki, You Nakamichi, Hirotaka Hamada, Hasumi Tomita, Kazuma Tagami, Rie Kudo, Natsumi Kumagai, Hirohito Metoki, Naoki Nakaya, Atsushi Hozawa, Shinichi Kuriyama, Nobuo Yaegashi, and Masatoshi Saito
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hypertension ,hypertensive disorders of pregnancy ,parity ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Abstract This study investigated the association of parity with hypertension prevalence in Japanese women while considering a clinical history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and menopausal status. This cross‐sectional study included 30,530 Japanese women (6700 premenopausal; 23 830 postmenopausal). The association between parity and the prevalence of hypertension was evaluated using a multiple logistic regression model with possible confounders. In premenopausal women, no statistically significant association between parity and hypertension prevalence was found. When not adjusted for current body mass index (BMI), a linear graded association was observed between parity and the prevalence of hypertension in postmenopausal women. However, the association between parity and hypertension prevalence in postmenopausal women was attenuated after adjustment for current BMI. Both current BMI and a clinical history of HDP were significantly associated with a high risk of hypertension in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Our results also suggest that continuous surveillance and preventive measures for hypertension should be provided for women with HDP and high parity.
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- 2024
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5. Association between frequency of breakfast intake before and during pregnancy and developmental delays in children: the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study
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Misato Aizawa, Keiko Murakami, Ippei Takahashi, Hisashi Ohseto, Aoi Noda, Genki Shinoda, Masatsugu Orui, Mami Ishikuro, Taku Obara, Hirotaka Hamada, Noriyuki Iwama, Masatoshi Saito, Junichi Sugawara, and Shinichi Kuriyama
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Frequency of breakfast intake ,Pregnant ,Developmental delays ,Japan ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases ,RC620-627 - Abstract
Abstract Background Although an association between maternal nutritional intake and developmental delays in children has been demonstrated, the association of the timing of meal intake and development delays remains unclear. We examined the association between breakfast intake frequency before and during pregnancy and developmental delay in children. Methods Of the pregnant women who participated in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Three-Generation Cohort Study, 7491 answered the required questions and were analyzed. The frequency of breakfast intake from pre- to early pregnancy and from early to mid-pregnancy was classified into four groups: daily, and 5–6, 3–4, and 0–2 times/week. Child developmental delays at age 2 and 3.5 years were assessed using the Ages & Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition. Logistic regression models were constructed to examine the association between breakfast intake frequency in pregnant women and developmental delays in children aged 2 and 3.5 years. Results The proportion of pregnant women who had breakfast daily was 78.1% in pre- to early pregnancy, and 82.2% in early to mid-pregnancy. The proportion of children with developmental delays was 14.7% and 13.4% at age 2 and 3.5 years, respectively. Compared with the risk in children of women who had breakfast daily from pre- to early pregnancy, children of women who had breakfast 0–2 times/week had a higher risk of developmental delays at 2 years of age: odds ratio (OR) 1.30, (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02–1.66). The risk of developmental delays at age 2 years increased in the children of women who had breakfast 0–2 times/week in early to mid- pregnancy: OR 1.75 (95% CI, 1.32–2.32). The risk of developmental delays at age 3.5 years did not increase in the children of women who had breakfast 0–2 times/week from pre- to early and early to mid-pregnancy: OR 1.06 (95% CI, 0.81–1.39 and OR 1.15 (95% CI 0.84–1.57), respectively. Conclusion For women with a low frequency of breakfast intake from pre- to mid-pregnancy there was an association with developmental delays in their children at age 2, but not at 3.5 years.
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- 2023
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6. Infertility Treatment and Hypertension in Pregnancy: The Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study
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Mami Ishikuro, Taku Obara, Keiko Murakami, Fumihiko Ueno, Aoi Noda, Tomomi Onuma, Fumiko Matsuzaki, Masahiro Kikuya, Zen Watanabe, Naomi Shiga, Masahito Tachibana, Noriyuki Iwama, Hirotaka Hamada, Masatoshi Saito, Junichi Sugawara, Hirohito Metoki, Nobuo Yaegashi, and Shinichi Kuriyama
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assisted conception ,assisted reproductive technology ,treatment for infertility ,hypertensive disorders of pregnancy ,cohort study ,Reproduction ,QH471-489 - Abstract
Infertility treatment is a possible factor in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). Identifying the characteristics of pregnant women who have undergone infertility treatment and have a potential risk for HDP is valuable for its prevention and treatment. Using data from 12,456 pregnant Japanese women from the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study, the association between infertility treatment and HDP was analyzed. A multiple logistic regression model showed an association between infertility treatment and HDP (odds ratio, 1.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.05–1.72). In vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection were also associated with HDP. Moreover, these associations were observed even among women who were not overweight and did not smoke. The application of infertility treatment should be carefully considered, even among women with low modifiable risk factors.
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- 2023
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7. Association between frequency of breakfast intake before and during pregnancy and infant birth weight: the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study
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Misato Aizawa, Keiko Murakami, Ippei Takahashi, Tomomi Onuma, Aoi Noda, Fumihiko Ueno, Fumiko Matsuzaki, Mami Ishikuro, Taku Obara, Hirotaka Hamada, Noriyuki Iwama, Masatoshi Saito, Junichi Sugawara, Nobuo Yaegashi, and Shinichi Kuriyama
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Breakfast ,Pregnant ,Low birth weight ,Japan ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
Abstract Background Low birth weight is associated with an increased risk of developing chronic diseases in adulthood, with a particularly high incidence in Japan among developed countries. Maternal undernutrition is a risk factor for low birth weight, but the association between the timing of food intake and infant birth weight has not been investigated. This study aimed to examine the association between breakfast intake frequency among Japanese pregnant women and infant birth weight. Methods Of all pregnant women who participated in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Three Generation Cohort Study, 16,820 who answered the required questions were included in the analysis. The frequency of breakfast intake from pre- to early pregnancy and from early to mid-pregnancy was classified into four groups: every day and 5–6, 3–4, and 0–2 times/week. Multivariate linear regression models were constructed to examine the association between breakfast intake frequency among pregnant women and infant birth weight. Results The percentage of pregnant women who consumed breakfast daily was 74% in the pre- to early pregnancy period and 79% in the early to mid-pregnancy period. The average infant birth weight was 3,071 g. Compared to women who had breakfast daily from pre- to early pregnancy, those who had breakfast 0–2 times/week had lower infant birth weight (β = -38.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -56.5, -20.0). Similarly, compared to women who had breakfast daily from early to mid-pregnancy, those who had breakfast 0–2 times/week had lower infant birth weight (β = -41.5, 95% CI: -63.3, -19.6). Conclusions Less frequent breakfast intake before and mid-pregnancy was associated with lower infant birth weight.
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- 2023
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8. Association between Maternal Birth Weight and Prevalence of Congenital Malformations in Offspring: The Japanese Environment and Children’s Study
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Hirotaka Hamada, Noriyuki Iwama, Hasumi Tomita, Kazuma Tagami, Natsumi Kumagai, Rie Kudo, Hongxin Wang, Seiya Izumi, Zen Watanabe, Mami Ishikuro, Taku Obara, Nozomi Tatsuta, Hirohito Metoki, Masatoshi Saito, Chiharu Ota, Shinichi Kuriyama, Takahiro Arima, Nobuo Yaegashi, and The Japan Environment and Children’s Study Group
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birth cohort ,congenital malformations ,maternal birth weight ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Congenital malformations are functional and structural alterations in embryonic or foetal development resulting from a variety of factors including maternal health status. This study aimed to investigate the association between maternal birth weight (MBW) and the prevalence of congenital malformations in offspring using data from a nationwide birth cohort study in Japan including 103,060 pregnancies. A binary logistic regression model with adjustment for various covariates revealed that an MBW of
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- 2024
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9. Skipping breakfast during pregnancy and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Japanese women: the Tohoku medical megabank project birth and three-generation cohort study
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Misato Aizawa, Keiko Murakami, Ippei Takahashi, Tomomi Onuma, Aoi Noda, Fumihiko Ueno, Fumiko Matsuzaki, Mami Ishikuro, Taku Obara, Hirotaka Hamada, Noriyuki Iwama, Masatoshi Saito, Junichi Sugawara, Nobuo Yaegashi, and Shinichi Kuriyama
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Skipping breakfast ,Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy ,Preeclampsia ,Japan ,Circadian clock ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases ,RC620-627 - Abstract
Abstract Background Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) adversely affect the prognosis of mother and child, and the prognosis depends on the subtype of HDP. Skipping breakfast may be associated with increased blood pressure due to disruption of the circadian clock, but the association with the development of HDP has not been studied. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between skipping breakfast and the development of HDP and HDP subtypes in Japanese pregnant women. Methods Of the pregnant women who participated in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Three-Generation Cohort Study, 18,839 who answered the required questions were included in the analysis. This study had a cross-sectional design. The breakfast intake frequency from pre-pregnancy to early pregnancy was classified into four groups: daily, 5–6 times per week, 3–4 times per week, and 0–2 times per week. HDP was classified into gestational hypertension (GH), chronic hypertension (CH), preeclampsia (PE), and severe preeclampsia (SuPE). Multiple logistic regression analysis and multinomial logistic analysis were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for breakfast intake frequency and development of HDP or HDP subtypes. We performed a stratified analysis based on energy intake. Results Of the participants, 74.3% consumed breakfast daily, and 11.1% developed HDP. Women who consumed breakfast 0–2 times per week had a higher risk of HDP (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.14–1.56), CH (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.21–2.19), and PE (OR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.27–2.21) than those who consumed breakfast daily. No association was found between skipping breakfast and the risk of developing GH (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 0.99–1.61) and SuPE (OR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.55–1.49). Stratified analysis showed that the risk of developing HDP due to skipping breakfast was highest in the group with the highest daily energy intake. Conclusions Skipping breakfast during pre-to early pregnancy is associated with the development of HDP. Further longitudinal studies are required to clarify the causal association between skipping breakfast and HDP.
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- 2022
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10. Association of maternal psychological distress and the use of childcare facilities with children's behavioral problems: the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study
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Ippei Takahashi, Keiko Murakami, Mika Kobayashi, Saya Kikuchi, Ayaka Igarashi, Taku Obara, Mami Ishikuro, Fumihiko Ueno, Aoi Noda, Tomomi Onuma, Fumiko Matsuzaki, Natsuko Kobayashi, Hirotaka Hamada, Noriyuki Iwama, Masatoshi Saito, Junichi Sugawara, Hiroaki Tomita, Nobuo Yaegashi, Shigeo Kure, and Shinichi Kuriyama
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Prenatal psychological distress ,Postnatal psychological distress behavioral problems ,Childcare ,childcare facility ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Abstract Background Childcare facilities are a factor that lowers the established association of mother’s postnatal psychiatric symptoms with children's behavioral problems. However, no studies have considered the prenatal psychiatric symptoms yet. This study examined whether the use of childcare facilities moderates the association of maternal psychological distress in early pregnancy and at two years postpartum with behavioral problems in children aged four years. Methods The present study was based on the data from 23,130 mother–child pairs participating in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study. K6 was used to classify maternal psychological distress in early pregnancy and at two years postpartum into four categories: none in both prenatal and postnatal periods (none), only the prenatal period (prenatal only); only the postnatal period (postnatal only); both prenatal and postnatal periods (both). The children's behavioral problems were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 1½–5 (CBCL) aged four years. The clinical range of the externalizing, internalizing, and total problem scales of the CBCL was defined as having behavioral problems. To examine whether availing childcare facilities moderates the association between maternal psychological distress and children's behavioral problems, we conducted a stratified analysis based on the use of childcare facilities or not, at two years of age. The interaction term between maternal psychological distress and use of childcare facilities was included as a covariate in the multivariate logistic regression analysis to confirm the p-value for the interaction. Results The prevalence of the clinical ranges of externalizing problems, internalizing problems, and clinical range of total problems were 13.7%, 15.4%, and 5.8%, respectively. The association of maternal psychological distress with a high risk of children's behavioral problems was significant; however, the association between prenatal only psychological distress and externalizing problems in the group that did not use childcare facilities was not significant. Interactions between the use of childcare facilities and maternal psychological distress on behavioral problems in children were not significant. Conclusions Use of childcare facilities did not moderate the association of maternal psychological distress in early pregnancy and at two years postpartum with behavioral problems in children aged four years.
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- 2022
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11. Dietary patterns before and during pregnancy and small for gestational age in Japan: a prospective birth cohort study
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Takahiro Yamashita, Taku Obara, Yudai Yonezawa, Ippei Takahashi, Mami Ishikuro, Keiko Murakami, Fumihiko Ueno, Aoi Noda, Tomomi Onuma, Noriyuki Iwama, Hirotaka Hamada, Junichi Sugawara, Shigenori Suzuki, Hiroyuki Suganuma, Masatoshi Saito, Nobuo Yaegashi, and Shinichi Kuriyama
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Birth weight ,Dietary patterns ,Partial least squares ,Maternal nutrition ,Pregnancy ,Principal component analysis ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases ,RC620-627 - Abstract
Abstract Background Although small for gestational age (SGA) is a serious problem worldwide, the association of dietary patterns before and during pregnancy with SGA risk is unclear. We evaluated this association among Japanese pregnant women using three methods: reduced rank regression (RRR) and partial least squares (PLS), methods for extracting dietary patterns that can explain the variation of response variables, and principal component analysis (PCA), a method for extracting dietary patterns of the population. Methods Between July 2013 and March 2017, 22,493 pregnant women were recruited to the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study, a population-based prospective birth cohort study in Japan. Information on dietary intake was obtained using food frequency questionnaires, and dietary patterns were extracted using RRR, PLS, and PCA. Information on birth weight was obtained from obstetric records, and the birth weight SD score and SGA were defined by the method of the Japan Pediatric Society. The associations of dietary patterns with birth weight SD score and SGA risk were investigated using multiple linear regression and multiple logistic regression, respectively. Results A total of 17,728 mother-child pairs were included. The birth weight SD score was 0.15 ± 0.96, and the prevalence of SGA was 6.3%. The dietary patterns extracted by RRR and PLS were similar and characterized by a high intake of cereals and fruits and a low intake of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages in both pre- to early pregnancy and from early to mid-pregnancy. Higher adoption of the RRR and PLS patterns in both periods was associated with an increased birth weight SD score and lower risk of SGA. In contrast, the PCA1 pattern was not associated with birth weight SD score or SGA risk in either period. Although the PCA2 pattern was associated with increased birth weight SD score from early to mid-pregnancy, no other associations with birth weight SD score or SGA risk were observed. Conclusions The dietary pattern with a high intake of cereals and fruits and a low intake of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages before and during pregnancy was associated with a decreased SGA risk in Japan.
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- 2022
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12. The microRNA cluster C19MC confers differentiation potential into trophoblast lineages upon human pluripotent stem cells
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Norio Kobayashi, Hiroaki Okae, Hitoshi Hiura, Naoto Kubota, Eri H. Kobayashi, Shun Shibata, Akira Oike, Takeshi Hori, Chie Kikutake, Hirotaka Hamada, Hirokazu Kaji, Mikita Suyama, Marie-Line Bortolin-Cavaillé, Jérôme Cavaillé, and Takahiro Arima
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Science - Abstract
Little is known about the epigenetic mechanisms of the first cell fate commitment in humans. Here, the authors show that activation of the miRNA cluster C19MC confers differentiation potential into trophoblast lineages on human embryonic stem cells.
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- 2022
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13. Maternal personality and postpartum mental disorders in Japan: the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study
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Keiko Murakami, Mami Ishikuro, Taku Obara, Fumihiko Ueno, Aoi Noda, Tomomi Onuma, Fumiko Matsuzaki, Saya Kikuchi, Natsuko Kobayashi, Hirotaka Hamada, Noriyuki Iwama, Hirohito Metoki, Masatoshi Saito, Junichi Sugawara, Hiroaki Tomita, Nobuo Yaegashi, and Shinichi Kuriyama
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Personality has been shown to predict postpartum depressive symptoms (PDS) assessed by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). However, existing studies have not considered the underlying symptom dimensions in the EPDS. We analyzed data from 15,012 women who participated in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study. Personality was assessed in middle pregnancy using the short-form Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised. PDS were defined as EPDS score ≥ 9 at 1 month after delivery. The EPDS items were further divided into three dimensions: depressed mood, anxiety, and anhedonia. Multiple analyses were conducted to examine the associations of each personality scale with PDS and three dimensions in the EPDS, adjusting for age, parity, mode of delivery, education, income, and social isolation. The prevalence of PDS assessed by the EPDS at 1 month after delivery was 13.1%. Higher neuroticism scores were associated with PDS (odds ratio [OR], 2.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.48 to 2.79) and all three dimensions (all p
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- 2022
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14. Genomic imprinting in human placentation
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Eri H. Kobayashi, Shun Shibata, Akira Oike, Norio Kobayashi, Hirotaka Hamada, Hiroaki Okae, and Takahiro Arima
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complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) ,ES‐TS transdifferentiation ,genomic imprinting (GI) ,human placenta ,trophoblast stem (TS) cells ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 ,Reproduction ,QH471-489 - Abstract
Abstract Background Genomic imprinting (GI) is a mammalian‐specific epigenetic phenomenon that has been implicated in the evolution of the placenta in mammals. Methods Embryo transfer procedures and trophoblast stem (TS) cells were used to re‐examine mouse placenta‐specific GI genes. For the analysis of human GI genes, cytotrophoblast cells isolated from human placental tissues were used. Using human TS cells, the biological roles of human GI genes were examined. Main findings (1) Many previously identified mouse GI genes were likely to be falsely identified due to contaminating maternal cells. (2) Human placenta‐specific GI genes were comprehensively determined, highlighting incomplete erasure of germline DNA methylation in the human placenta. (3) Human TS cells retained normal GI patterns. (4) Complete hydatidiform mole‐derived TS cells were characterized by aberrant GI and enhanced trophoblastic proliferation. The maternally expressed imprinted gene p57KIP2 may be responsible for the enhanced proliferation. (5) The primate‐specific microRNA cluster on chromosome 19, which is a placenta‐specific GI gene, is essential for self‐renewal and differentiation of human TS cells. Conclusion Genomic imprinting plays diverse and important roles in human placentation. Experimental analyses using TS cells suggest that the GI maintenance is necessary for normal placental development in humans.
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- 2022
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15. ACE2 Is Expressed in Immune Cells That Infiltrate the Placenta in Infection-Associated Preterm Birth
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Phetcharawan Lye, Caroline E. Dunk, Jianhong Zhang, Yanxing Wei, Jittanan Nakpu, Hirotaka Hamada, Guinever E. Imperio, Enrrico Bloise, Stephen G. Matthews, and Stephen J. Lye
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SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,ACE2 ,chorioamnionitis ,preterm birth ,M1 ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
COVID-19 is associated with increased incidence of preterm birth (PTB). We assessed pathways by which SARS-CoV-2 could access the placenta. Placentae, from PTB with or without chorioamnionitis (ChA), or from term pregnancies (n = 12/13/group) were collected. Peripheral blood was collected from healthy pregnant women (n = 6). Second trimester placental explants (16–20 weeks, n = 5/group) were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, to mimic bacterial infection) and ACE2, CCL2, IL-6/8 and TNFα mRNA was assessed. ChA-placentae exhibited increased ACE2 and CCL2 mRNA expression (p < 0.05). LPS increased cytokine and ACE2 mRNA in placental explants. Placental ACE2 protein localized to syncytiotrophoblast, fetal endothelium, extravillous trophoblast and in immune cells-subsets (M1/M2 macrophage and neutrophils) within the villous stroma. Significantly increased numbers of M1 macrophage and neutrophils were present in the ChA-placenta (p < 0.001). Subsets of peripheral immune cells from pregnant women express the ACE2 mRNA and protein. A greater fraction of granulocytes was positive for ACE2 protein expression compared to lymphocytes or monocytes. These data suggest that in pregnancies complicated by ChA, ACE2 positive immune cells in the maternal circulation have the potential to traffic SARS-CoV-2 virus to the placenta and increase the risk of vertical transmission to the placenta/fetus.
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- 2021
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16. Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation dynamics during early human development.
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Hiroaki Okae, Hatsune Chiba, Hitoshi Hiura, Hirotaka Hamada, Akiko Sato, Takafumi Utsunomiya, Hiroyuki Kikuchi, Hiroaki Yoshida, Atsushi Tanaka, Mikita Suyama, and Takahiro Arima
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Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
DNA methylation is globally reprogrammed during mammalian preimplantation development, which is critical for normal development. Recent reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) studies suggest that the methylome dynamics are essentially conserved between human and mouse early embryos. RRBS is known to cover 5-10% of all genomic CpGs, favoring those contained within CpG-rich regions. To obtain an unbiased and more complete representation of the methylome during early human development, we performed whole genome bisulfite sequencing of human gametes and blastocysts that covered>70% of all genomic CpGs. We found that the maternal genome was demethylated to a much lesser extent in human blastocysts than in mouse blastocysts, which could contribute to an increased number of imprinted differentially methylated regions in the human genome. Global demethylation of the paternal genome was confirmed, but SINE-VNTR-Alu elements and some other tandem repeat-containing regions were found to be specifically protected from this global demethylation. Furthermore, centromeric satellite repeats were hypermethylated in human oocytes but not in mouse oocytes, which might be explained by differential expression of de novo DNA methyltransferases. These data highlight both conserved and species-specific regulation of DNA methylation during early mammalian development. Our work provides further information critical for understanding the epigenetic processes underlying differentiation and pluripotency during early human development.
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- 2014
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17. Maternal postnatal bonding disorder and emotional/behavioral problems in preschool children: The Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study
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Keiko Murakami, Mami Ishikuro, Taku Obara, Aoi Noda, Fumihiko Ueno, Tomomi Onuma, Fumiko Matsuzaki, Ippei Takahashi, Saya Kikuchi, Natsuko Kobayashi, Hirotaka Hamada, Noriyuki Iwama, Hirohito Metoki, Masahiro Kikuya, Masatoshi Saito, Junichi Sugawara, Hiroaki Tomita, Nobuo Yaegashi, and Shinichi Kuriyama
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Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology - Published
- 2023
18. Maternal postnatal bonding disorder and developmental delays in children: the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study
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Keiko Murakami, Aoi Noda, Mami Ishikuro, Taku Obara, Fumihiko Ueno, Tomomi Onuma, Fumiko Matsuzaki, Saya Kikuchi, Natsuko Kobayashi, Hirotaka Hamada, Noriyuki Iwama, Hirohito Metoki, Masahiro Kikuya, Masatoshi Saito, Junichi Sugawara, Hiroaki Tomita, Nobuo Yaegashi, and Shinichi Kuriyama
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Psychiatry and Mental health ,Obstetrics and Gynecology - Published
- 2023
19. Association between maternal psychological distress and children's neurodevelopment in offspring aged 4 years in Japan: The Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and <scp>Three‐Generation</scp> Cohort Study
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Ippei Takahashi, Taku Obara, Saya Kikuchi, Mika Kobayashi, Mami Ishikuro, Keiko Murakami, Fumihiko Ueno, Aoi Noda, Tomomi Onuma, Fumiko Matsuzaki, Natsuko Kobayashi, Hirotaka Hamada, Noriyuki Iwama, Masatoshi Saito, Junichi Sugawara, Hiroaki Tomita, Shigeo Kure, Nobuo Yaegashi, and Shinichi Kuriyama
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Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health - Published
- 2023
20. Dual Energy CT for determining the severity of acute pancreatitis
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Hirotaka Hamada, Tomoki Fujii, Daisuke Kittaka, Yuichi Nakai, Hisaya Sato, and Kyoichi Kato
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General Medicine - Published
- 2023
21. 直腸脱に対する経腹的直腸吊り上げ固定術の治療成績
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Yasushi Nakamura, Yoriyuki Tsuji, Shota Takano, Yasue Irei, Hirotaka Hamada, Daisaku Kuwahara, Kohei Tamaoka, Saburo Hisano, Mitsuko Fukunaga, Masafumi Tanaka, Yasumitsu Saiki, Kazutaka Yamada, and Masahiro Takano
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Gastroenterology ,Surgery - Published
- 2023
22. A Reduction in Antenatal Steroid Dose Was Associated with Reduced Cardiac Dysfunction in a Sheep Model of Pregnancy
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Yusaku, Kumagai, Matthew, W. Kemp, Haruo, Usuda, Tsukasa, Takahashi, Yuki, Takahashi, Hirotaka, Hamada, Augusto, F. Schmidt, Takushi, Hanita, Shimpei, Watanabe, Shinichi, Sato, Hideyuki, Ikeda, Erin, L. Fee, Lucy, Furfaro, John, P. Newnham, Alan, H. Jobe, Nobuo, Yaegashi, and Masatoshi, Saito
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Antenatal corticosteroid ,Hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes ,Developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) ,Fetal programming ,Cardiac function ,Betamethasone phosphate - Published
- 2023
23. Social isolation and postnatal bonding disorder in Japan: the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study
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Keiko Murakami, Mami Ishikuro, Taku Obara, Fumihiko Ueno, Aoi Noda, Tomomi Onuma, Fumiko Matsuzaki, Saya Kikuchi, Natsuko Kobayashi, Hirotaka Hamada, Noriyuki Iwama, Hirohito Metoki, Masahiro Kikuya, Masatoshi Saito, Junichi Sugawara, Hiroaki Tomita, Nobuo Yaegashi, and Shinichi Kuriyama
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Psychiatry and Mental health ,Obstetrics and Gynecology - Abstract
Although there is substantial information about the effects of social relationships on mental health, their effects on postnatal bonding remain unclear. We aimed to examine the association between social isolation and postnatal bonding disorder. We analyzed data from 17,999 women who participated in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study. An abbreviated version of the Lubben Social Network Scale was used to assess social isolation in the second trimester of pregnancy, and its subscales were used to assess marginal family ties and marginal friendship ties. Bonding disorder was defined as a Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale score of ≥ 5 1 month after delivery. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between social isolation and postnatal bonding disorder after adjusting for age at delivery, parity, feelings towards pregnancy, psychological distress during pregnancy, and household income. Analyses stratified by postnatal depressive symptoms (PDS) were also conducted. Social isolation was associated with postnatal bonding disorder: the odds ratio (OR) was 1.55 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41-1.71). Marginal family ties and friendship ties were associated with postnatal bonding disorder: the ORs were 1.40 (95% CI, 1.23-1.60) and 1.44 (95% CI, 1.32-1.57), respectively. Marginal family ties were associated with postnatal bonding disorder only among women without PDS: the ORs were 1.30 (95% CI, 1.10-1.55) among women without PDS and 1.13 (95% CI, 0.91-1.40) among women with PDS. Social isolation during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of postnatal bonding disorder.
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- 2022
24. CRISPR screening in human trophoblast stem cells reveals both shared and distinct aspects of human and mouse placental development.
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Takanori Shimizu, Akira Oike, Kobayashi, Eri H., Asato Sekiya, Norio Kobayashi, Shun Shibata, Hirotaka Hamada, Masatoshi Saito, Nobuo Yaegashi, Mikita Suyama, Takahiro Arima, and Hiroaki Okae
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HUMAN stem cells ,PLACENTA ,CRISPRS ,MICE ,REGULATOR genes - Abstract
The placenta serves as the interface between the mother and fetus, facilitating the exchange of gases and nutrients between their separate blood circulation systems. Trophoblasts in the placenta play a central role in this process. Our current understanding of mammalian trophoblast development relies largely on mouse models. However, given the diversification of mammalian placentas, findings from the mouse placenta cannot be readily extrapolated to other mammalian species, including humans. To fill this knowledge gap, we performed CRISPR knockout screening in human trophoblast stem cells (hTSCs). We targeted genes essential for mouse placental development and identified more than 100 genes as critical regulators in both human hTSCs and mouse placentas. Among them, we further characterized in detail two transcription factors, DLX3 and GCM1, and revealed their essential roles in hTSC differentiation. Moreover, a gene function–based comparison between human and mouse trophoblast subtypes suggests that their relationship may differ significantly from previous assumptions based on tissue localization or cellular function. Notably, our data reveal that hTSCs may not be analogous to mouse TSCs or the extraembryonic ectoderm (ExE) in which in vivo TSCs reside. Instead, hTSCs may be analogous to progenitor cells in the mouse ectoplacental cone and chorion. This finding is consistent with the absence of ExE-like structures during human placental development. Our data not only deepen our understanding of human trophoblast development but also facilitate cross-species comparison of mammalian placentas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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25. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: definition, management, and out-of-office blood pressure measurement
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Hirohito Metoki, Noriyuki Iwama, Hirotaka Hamada, Michihiro Satoh, Takahisa Murakami, Mami Ishikuro, and Taku Obara
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Pregnancy ,Physiology ,Masked Hypertension ,Hypertension ,Internal Medicine ,Humans ,Blood Pressure ,Blood Pressure Determination ,Female ,Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced ,Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,White Coat Hypertension - Abstract
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy increase the risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. In 2018, the Japanese classification of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy was standardized with those of other countries, and a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy was considered to be present if hypertension existed during pregnancy and up to 12 weeks after delivery. Strategies for the prevention of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy have become much clearer, but further research is needed on appropriate subjects and methods of administration, and these have not been clarified in Japan. Although guidelines for the use of antihypertensive drugs are also being studied and standardized with those of other countries, the use of calcium antagonists before 20 weeks of gestation is still contraindicated in Japan because of the safety concerns that were raised regarding possible fetal anomalies associated with their use at the time of their market launch. Chronic hypertension is now included in the definition of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and blood pressure measurement is a fundamental component of the diagnosis of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Out-of-office blood pressure measurements, including ambulatory and home blood pressure measurements, are important for pregnant and nonpregnant women. Although conditions such as white-coat hypertension and masked hypertension have been reported, determining their occurrence in pregnancy is complicated by the gestational week. This narrative review focused on recent reports on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including those related to blood pressure measurement and classification.
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- 2022
26. Maternal social isolation and behavioral problems in preschool children: the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study
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Keiko Murakami, Mami Ishikuro, Taku Obara, Fumihiko Ueno, Aoi Noda, Tomomi Onuma, Fumiko Matsuzaki, Ippei Takahashi, Saya Kikuchi, Natsuko Kobayashi, Hirotaka Hamada, Noriyuki Iwama, Hirohito Metoki, Masahiro Kikuya, Masatoshi Saito, Junichi Sugawara, Hiroaki Tomita, Nobuo Yaegashi, and Shinichi Kuriyama
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Psychiatry and Mental health ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,General Medicine - Published
- 2023
27. Glucocorticoid exposure modifies the <scp>miRNA</scp> profile of sperm in the guinea pig: Implications for intergenerational transmission
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Christopher Casciaro, Hirotaka Hamada, Alisa Kostaki, and Stephen G. Matthews
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Genetics ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2023
28. Association between maternal infertility treatment and child neurodevelopment: findings from the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study in Miyagi and Iwate Prefectures, Japan
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Noda, Aoi, primary, Ishikuro, Mami, additional, Obara, Taku, additional, Murakami, Keiko, additional, Ueno, Fumihiko, additional, Matsuzaki, Fumiko, additional, Onuma, Tomomi, additional, Watanabe, Zen, additional, Shiga, Naomi, additional, Iwama, Noriyuki, additional, Hirotaka, Hamada, additional, Otsuka, Tatsui, additional, Tachibana, Masahito, additional, Tomita, Hiroaki, additional, Saito, Masatoshi, additional, Sugawara, Junichi, additional, Kure, Shigeo, additional, Yaegashi, Nobuo, additional, and Kuriyama, Shinichi, additional
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- 2022
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29. Maternal lifestyle and nutrient intakes during pregnancy and exclusive breastfeeding in relation to risk factors for breast cancer: The Japan Environment and Children's Study
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Yuko Minami, Minoru Miyashita, Takanori Ishida, Megumi Fujita, Hirotaka Hamada, Masatoshi Saito, Takahiro Arima, and Nobuo Yaegashi
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Epidemiology ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health - Published
- 2023
30. The Surgical Management of Anal Fissures
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Yasue Irei, Shota Takano, Kazutaka Yamada, Yasushi Nakamura, Hirotaka Hamada, Kouhei Tamaoka, Daisaku Kuwahara, and Yoriyuki Tsuji
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,General surgery ,Gastroenterology ,medicine ,Surgery ,business - Published
- 2021
31. The Clinical Efficacy of Endoanal Ultrasonography in Patients with Fecal Incontinence
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Kensaku Fukami, Kazutaka Yamada, Syouta Takano, Yasue Irei, Hirotaka Hamada, Hideaki Nishigori, Satoshi Tabuchi, Saburou Hisano, Masahiro Takano, Yasushi Nakamura, Daisaku Kuwahara, and Yoriyuki Tsuji
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Endoanal ultrasonography ,Gastroenterology ,Urology ,medicine ,Fecal incontinence ,Surgery ,In patient ,Clinical efficacy ,medicine.symptom ,business - Published
- 2021
32. Multi-omics analysis of purified cytotrophoblasts cells derived from hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
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Shun Endo, Shun Shibata, Eri Kobayashi, Shimizu Takanori, Akira Oike, Norio Kobayashi, Hiroaki Okae, Hirotaka Hamada, Masatoshi Saito, Takahiro Arima, and Nobuo Yaegashi
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Reproductive Medicine ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Developmental Biology - Published
- 2022
33. Traumatic experiences of the Great East Japan Earthquake and postpartum depressive symptoms: The Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study
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Keiko Murakami, Mami Ishikuro, Taku Obara, Fumihiko Ueno, Aoi Noda, Tomomi Onuma, Fumiko Matsuzaki, Saya Kikuchi, Natsuko Kobayashi, Hirotaka Hamada, Noriyuki Iwama, Hirohito Metoki, Masahiro Kikuya, Masatoshi Saito, Junichi Sugawara, Hiroaki Tomita, Nobuo Yaegashi, and Shinichi Kuriyama
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Cohort Studies ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Japan ,Pregnancy ,Depression ,Postpartum Period ,Earthquakes ,Humans ,Female - Abstract
Natural disasters can have serious mental health consequences. We aimed to examine the long-term effects of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE) on postpartum depressive symptoms (PDS).The Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study recruited pregnant women in Miyagi Prefecture from 2013 to 2016. Data from 11,403 participants were used in this study. Women were asked about their traumatic experiences of the GEJE with questions addressing threat, witness, and loss. PDS were defined as Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score ≥9 at 1 month after delivery. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations of different traumatic experiences of the GEJE and number of traumatic experiences with PDS, after adjustment for age, parity, feelings toward pregnancy, education, income, social isolation, house damage caused by the GEJE, and survey year.About two-fifths of women had at least one traumatic experience of the GEJE. The prevalence of PDS at 1 month after delivery was 13.3 %. Life-threatening experience and witnessing another person's actual or threatened death were associated with PDS: the odds ratios (ORs) were 1.40 (95 % confidence interval [CI], 1.24-1.59) and 1.28 (95 % CI, 1.08-1.53), respectively. Loss of close person was not associated with PDS: the OR was 1.13 (95 % CI, 0.99-1.30). Larger number of traumatic experiences of the GEJE was associated with increased risk of PDS (p for trend0.001).PDS was self-reported.Traumatic experiences of the GEJE prior to pregnancy were associated with increased risks of PDS.
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- 2022
34. Association of Maternal Psychological Distress and Use of Childcare Facilities with Children's Behavior Problems: The Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study
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Ippei Takahashi, Keiko Murakami, Mika Kobayashi, Saya Kikuchi, Ayaka Igarashi, Taku Obara, Mami Ishikuro, Fumihiko Ueno, Aoi Noda, Tomomi Onuma, Fumiko Matsuzaki, Natsuko Kobayashi, Hirotaka Hamada, Noriyuki Iwama, Masatoshi Saito, Junichi Sugawara, Hiroaki Tomita, Nobuo Yaegashi, Shigeo Kure, and Shinichi Kuriyama
- Abstract
Background Childcare facilities have been reported as a factor in lowering the association of postnatal psychiatric symptoms with children's behavior problems; however, no studies have considered prenatal psychiatric symptoms. This study aimed to examine whether the use of childcare facilities moderates the association of maternal psychological distress in the prenatal and postnatal periods with behavior problems in children. Methods The present study was based on the data from 23,130 mother-child pairs participating in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study. We used the K6 to assess and divide maternal psychological distress in early pregnancy and two years postpartum into four categories: none in both prenatal and postnatal periods (none), only the prenatal period (prenatal only); only the postnatal period (postnatal only); both prenatal and postnatal periods (both). The children's behavior problems were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 1½-5 (CBCL) at four years of age. The clinical range of the externalizing, internalizing, and total problem scales of the CBCL was defined as having behavior problems. To examine whether the use of childcare facilities moderates the association between maternal psychological distress and children's behavior problems, we conducted a stratified analysis based on the use of childcare facilities or not at two years old. In addition, the interaction term between maternal psychological distress and the use of childcare facilities was included as a covariate in the multivariate logistic regression analysis to confirm the p-value for interaction. Results The prevalence of the clinical ranges of externalizing problems, internalizing problems, and clinical range of total problems were 13.7%, 15.4%, and 5.8%, respectively. The association of maternal psychological distress with a high risk of children's behavior problems was significant, except a significant association was not identified between prenatal only psychological distress and externalizing problems in the group that did not use childcare facilities. In addition, interactions between the use of childcare facilities and maternal psychological distress on behavioral problems in children were not significant. Conclusions The use of childcare facilities did not moderate the association of maternal psychological distress in prenatal and postnatal periods with behavior problems in children.
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- 2022
35. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on research and careers of early career researchers: a DOHaD perspective
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Amita Bansal, Giselle A. Abruzzese, Erandi Hewawasam, Kyoko Hasebe, Hirotaka Hamada, Zahra Hoodbhoy, Hanna Diounou, Carlos A. Ibáñez, Rosiane A. Miranda, Thea N. Golden, Kozeta Miliku, and Carmen R. Isasi
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Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Humans ,COVID-19 ,Pakistan ,Delivery of Health Care ,Pandemics ,Research Personnel - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed several inequalities worldwide, including the populations' access to healthcare systems and economic differences that impact the access to vaccination, medical resources, and health care services. Scientific research activities were not an exception, such that scientific research was profoundly impacted globally. Research trainees and early career researchers (ECRs) are the life force of scientific discovery around the world, and their work and progress in research was dramatically affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. ECRs are a particularly vulnerable group as they are in a formative stage of their scientific careers, any disruptions during which is going to likely impact their lifelong career trajectory. To understand how COVID-19 impacted lives, career development plans, and research of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) ECRs, the International DOHaD ECR committee formed a special interest group comprising of ECR representatives of International DOHaD affiliated Societies/Chapters from around the world (Australia and New Zealand, Canada, French Speaking DOHaD, Japan, Latin America, Pakistan and USA). The anecdotal evidence summarized in this brief report, provide an overview of the findings of this special interest group, specifically on the impact of the evolving COVID-19 pandemic on daily research activities and its effects on career development plans of ECRs. We also discuss how our learnings from these shared experiences can strengthen collaborative work for the current and future generation of scientists.
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- 2022
36. Social isolation and insomnia among pregnant women in Japan: The Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study
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Keiko Murakami, Mami Ishikuro, Taku Obara, Fumihiko Ueno, Aoi Noda, Tomomi Onuma, Fumiko Matsuzaki, Saya Kikuchi, Natsuko Kobayashi, Hirotaka Hamada, Noriyuki Iwama, Hirohito Metoki, Masahiro Kikuya, Masatoshi Saito, Junichi Sugawara, Hiroaki Tomita, Nobuo Yaegashi, and Shinichi Kuriyama
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Behavioral Neuroscience - Abstract
To estimate the prevalence of insomnia and examine the association between social isolation and insomnia among pregnant women.This cross-sectional study was part of the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study from 2013 to 2017. Pregnant women were recruited at obstetric clinics and hospitals in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. We analyzed 17,586 women who completed the questionnaires and were allowed to transcribe medical records. Insomnia was defined as the Athens Insomnia Scale score of ≥6. The Lubben Social Network Scale-abbreviated version was used to assess social isolation (defined as scores12), and its subscales were used to assess marginal family ties and marginal friendship ties. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between social isolation and insomnia during pregnancy, adjusting for age, parity, prepregnancy body mass index, feelings toward pregnancy, education, income, work status, morning sickness, and psychological distress. Multiple logistic regression analyses were also conducted for marginal family ties and marginal friendship ties.The prevalence of insomnia in the second trimester was 37.3%. Women who were socially isolated were more likely to have insomnia than women who were socially integrated: the multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 1.26 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16-1.36). Marginal family ties and marginal friendship ties were also associated with increased risks of insomnia: the multivariate-adjusted ORs were 1.40 (95% CI, 1.25-1.56) and 1.15 (95% CI, 1.07-1.24), respectively.Social isolation from family and friends was associated with increased risks of insomnia among pregnant women.
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- 2022
37. Risk Factors Associated With Peripartum Suicide Attempts in Japan
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Tetsuya Akaishi, Kunio Tarasawa, Kiyohide Fushimi, Hirotaka Hamada, Masatoshi Saito, Natsuko Kobayashi, Saya Kikuchi, Hiroaki Tomita, Tadashi Ishii, Kenji Fujimori, and Nobuo Yaegashi
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General Medicine - Abstract
ImportancePeripartum suicide attempt is a major psychiatric complication associated with pregnancy, but the risk factors remain largely uncertain.ObjectiveTo identify the demographic characteristics and predisposing risks for peripartum suicide attempts and postpartum depression.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used retrospective data on pregnant women who delivered children between April 1, 2016, and March 31, 2021, at 712 hospitals in Japan. The nationwide Diagnosis Procedure Combination database was used.ExposuresPsychiatric and nonpsychiatric medical history, age, alcohol and tobacco use, and obstetric complications and procedures.Main Outcomes and MeasuresData on admissions for prepartum suicide attempt and delivery during the same hospital stay and readmissions for depression or suicide attempt within 1 year post partum were collected. Comparisons of prevalence of each study variable were performed, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine risk factors.ResultsFrom a total of 39 908 649 hospitalization episodes, 804 617 cumulative pregnant women (median [IQR] age at childbirth, 33 [29-36] years) who delivered at the enrolled hospitals were identified, including 1202 who were admitted for suicide attempt and delivery during the same hospital stay and 111 readmitted for suicide attempt within 1 year post partum. Risk factors associated with prepartum suicide attempts included younger age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.99; 95% CI, 0.98-1.00) and histories of personality disorder (aOR, 10.81; 95% CI, 5.70-20.49), depression (aOR, 3.97; 95% CI, 2.35-6.70), schizophrenia (aOR, 2.89; 95% CI, 1.52-5.50), and adjustment disorder (aOR, 2.66; 95% CI, 1.07-6.58). Risk factors associated with postpartum suicide attempts included younger age (aOR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.93-1.00), heavy tobacco use (aOR, 23.09; 95% CI, 5.46-97.62), and histories of alcohol use disorder (aOR, 163.54; 95% CI, 28.30-944.95), personality disorder (aOR, 10.28; 95% CI, 3.29-32.10), anxiety disorders (aOR, 8.13; 95% CI, 2.88-22.98), depression (aOR, 7.27; 95% CI, 2.95-17.91), schizophrenia (aOR, 5.77; 95% CI, 2.17-15.38), bipolar disorder (aOR, 3.98; 95% CI, 1.36-11.67), and insomnia (aOR, 3.17; 95% CI, 1.30-7.78). On sensitivity analysis, risk factors associated with postpartum depression after excluding those with prenatal depression included histories of personality disorder, adjustment disorder, bipolar disorder, insomnia, and anxiety disorders.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this cohort study suggest that histories of smoking and prenatal psychiatric disorders are potential risk factors for peripartum suicide attempts and may require additional treatment and prevention interventions.
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- 2023
38. Dietary patterns before and during pregnancy and small for gestational age in Japan: a prospective birth cohort study
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Takahiro Yamashita, Taku Obara, Yudai Yonezawa, Ippei Takahashi, Mami Ishikuro, Keiko Murakami, Fumihiko Ueno, Aoi Noda, Tomomi Onuma, Noriyuki Iwama, Hirotaka Hamada, Junichi Sugawara, Shigenori Suzuki, Hiroyuki Suganuma, Masatoshi Saito, Nobuo Yaegashi, and Shinichi Kuriyama
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Cohort Studies ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Japan ,Pregnancy ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Birth Weight ,Humans ,Birth Cohort ,Female ,Gestational Age ,Prospective Studies ,Child - Abstract
Background Although small for gestational age (SGA) is a serious problem worldwide, the association of dietary patterns before and during pregnancy with SGA risk is unclear. We evaluated this association among Japanese pregnant women using three methods: reduced rank regression (RRR) and partial least squares (PLS), methods for extracting dietary patterns that can explain the variation of response variables, and principal component analysis (PCA), a method for extracting dietary patterns of the population. Methods Between July 2013 and March 2017, 22,493 pregnant women were recruited to the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study, a population-based prospective birth cohort study in Japan. Information on dietary intake was obtained using food frequency questionnaires, and dietary patterns were extracted using RRR, PLS, and PCA. Information on birth weight was obtained from obstetric records, and the birth weight SD score and SGA were defined by the method of the Japan Pediatric Society. The associations of dietary patterns with birth weight SD score and SGA risk were investigated using multiple linear regression and multiple logistic regression, respectively. Results A total of 17,728 mother-child pairs were included. The birth weight SD score was 0.15 ± 0.96, and the prevalence of SGA was 6.3%. The dietary patterns extracted by RRR and PLS were similar and characterized by a high intake of cereals and fruits and a low intake of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages in both pre- to early pregnancy and from early to mid-pregnancy. Higher adoption of the RRR and PLS patterns in both periods was associated with an increased birth weight SD score and lower risk of SGA. In contrast, the PCA1 pattern was not associated with birth weight SD score or SGA risk in either period. Although the PCA2 pattern was associated with increased birth weight SD score from early to mid-pregnancy, no other associations with birth weight SD score or SGA risk were observed. Conclusions The dietary pattern with a high intake of cereals and fruits and a low intake of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages before and during pregnancy was associated with a decreased SGA risk in Japan.
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- 2021
39. ACE2 Is Expressed in Immune Cells That Infiltrate the Placenta in Infection-Associated Preterm Birth
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Jittanan Nakpu, Enrrico Bloise, Phetcharawan Lye, Yanxing Wei, Caroline E. Dunk, Stephen J. Lye, Stephen G. Matthews, Hirotaka Hamada, Jianhong Zhang, and Guinever E. Imperio
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Gene Expression ,ACE2 ,M1 ,Chorioamnionitis ,Monocytes ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pregnancy ,M2 macrophages ,Macrophage ,Lymphocytes ,Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ,Biology (General) ,reproductive and urinary physiology ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,neutrophil ,General Medicine ,chorioamnionitis ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cytokine ,monocyte ,embryonic structures ,Premature Birth ,Female ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,Adult ,placenta ,QH301-705.5 ,Article ,Andrology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Syncytiotrophoblast ,Immune system ,Placenta ,medicine ,Humans ,Fetus ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Infant, Newborn ,COVID-19 ,preterm birth ,medicine.disease ,Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ,030104 developmental biology ,business ,lipopolysaccharide (LPS) - Abstract
COVID-19 is associated with increased incidence of preterm birth (PTB). We assessed pathways by which SARS-CoV-2 could access the placenta. Placentae, from PTB with or without chorioamnionitis (ChA), or from term pregnancies (n = 12/13/group) were collected. Peripheral blood was collected from healthy pregnant women (n = 6). Second trimester placental explants (16–20 weeks, n = 5/group) were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, to mimic bacterial infection) and ACE2, CCL2, IL-6/8 and TNFα mRNA was assessed. ChA-placentae exhibited increased ACE2 and CCL2 mRNA expression (p <, 0.05). LPS increased cytokine and ACE2 mRNA in placental explants. Placental ACE2 protein localized to syncytiotrophoblast, fetal endothelium, extravillous trophoblast and in immune cells-subsets (M1/M2 macrophage and neutrophils) within the villous stroma. Significantly increased numbers of M1 macrophage and neutrophils were present in the ChA-placenta (p <, 0.001). Subsets of peripheral immune cells from pregnant women express the ACE2 mRNA and protein. A greater fraction of granulocytes was positive for ACE2 protein expression compared to lymphocytes or monocytes. These data suggest that in pregnancies complicated by ChA, ACE2 positive immune cells in the maternal circulation have the potential to traffic SARS-CoV-2 virus to the placenta and increase the risk of vertical transmission to the placenta/fetus.
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- 2021
40. Mother-to-infant bonding failure and intimate partner violence during pregnancy as risk factors for father-to-infant bonding failure at 1 month postpartum: an adjunct study of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study
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Toshie Nishigori, Taku Obara, Takahiro Arima, Nobuo Yaegashi, Kunihiko Nakai, Hirohito Metoki, Shinichi Kuriyama, Zen Watanabe, Hidekazu Nishigori, Mami Ishikuro, Tetsuro Hoshiai, Hirotaka Hamada, Kasumi Sakurai, and Satoshi Mizuno
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Intimate Partner Violence ,Poison control ,Anger ,Psychological Distress ,Suicide prevention ,Occupational safety and health ,Fathers ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Japan ,Pregnancy ,Risk Factors ,030225 pediatrics ,Injury prevention ,Humans ,Medicine ,Prospective Studies ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Father-Child Relations ,Psychiatry ,media_common ,business.industry ,Postpartum Period ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Human factors and ergonomics ,medicine.disease ,Object Attachment ,Mother-Child Relations ,Pregnancy Complications ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Domestic violence ,Female ,business - Abstract
Objective: To survey the frequency and risk factors for father-to-infant lack of affection (LA) and anger/rejection (AR) bonding failure at 1 month postpartum.Material and methods: The study partic...
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- 2019
41. Expression of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 cell entry genes, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and transmembrane protease serine 2, in the placenta across gestation and at the maternal-fetal interface in pregnancies complicated by preterm birth or preeclampsia
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Siliang Li, Mark Kibschull, Lubna Nadeem, Enrrico Bloise, Stephen J. Lye, Phetcharawan Lye, Caroline Dunk, Hirotaka Hamada, Stephen G. Matthews, Guinever E. Imperio, Jianhong Zhang, and Jittanan Nakpu
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placenta ,gestation age–dependent gene expression ,Preeclampsia ,preeclampsia ,Andrology ,coronavirus disease 2019 ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pre-Eclampsia ,Pregnancy ,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 ,Placenta ,Obstetrics and Gynaecology ,Humans ,Medicine ,RNA, Messenger ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Respiratory system ,Original Research ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,Serine Endopeptidases ,Decidua ,COVID-19 ,preterm birth ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Gestational age ,Virus Internalization ,medicine.disease ,term pregnancies ,Transmembrane Protease Serine 2 ,3. Good health ,Obstetrics ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Premature Birth ,Gestation ,Female ,business ,decidua ,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although there is some evidence that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 can invade the human placenta, limited data exist on the gestational age-dependent expression profile of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 cell entry mediators, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and transmembrane protease serine 2, at the human maternal-fetal interface. There is also no information as to whether the expression of these mediators is altered in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia or preterm birth. This is important because the expression of decidual and placental angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and transmembrane protease serine 2 across gestation may affect the susceptibility of pregnancies to vertical transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the expression pattern of specific severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 cell entry genes, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and transmembrane protease serine 2, in the placenta across human pregnancy and in paired samples of decidua and placenta in pregnancies complicated by preterm birth or preeclampsia compared with those in term uncomplicated pregnancies. STUDY DESIGN: In this study, 2 separate cohorts of patients, totaling 87 pregnancies, were included. The first cohort was composed of placentae from first- (7-9 weeks), second- (16-18 weeks), and third-trimester preterm (26-31 weeks) and third-trimester term (38-41 weeks) pregnancies (n=5/group), whereas the second independent cohort included matched decidua and placentae from pregnancies from term uncomplicated pregnancies (37-41 weeks' gestation; n=14) and pregnancies complicated by preterm birth (26-37 weeks' gestation; n=11) or preeclampsia (25-37 weeks' gestation; n=42). Samples were subjected to quantitative polymerase chain reaction and next-generation sequencing or RNA sequencing for next-generation RNA sequencing for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and transmembrane protease serine 2 mRNA expression quantification, respectively. RESULTS: In the first cohort, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and transmembrane protease serine 2, exhibited a gestational age-dependent expression profile, that is, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and transmembrane protease serine 2 mRNA was higher (P
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- 2021
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42. SARS-CoV-2 cell entry gene ACE2 expression in immune cells that infiltrate the placenta in infection-associated preterm birth
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Caroline Dunk, Guinever E. Imperio, Stephen J. Lye, Jittanan Nakpu, Wei Y, Matthews Sm, Enrrico Bloise, Phetcharawan Lye, Hirotaka Hamada, and Jianhong Zhang
- Subjects
Fetus ,Pregnancy ,business.industry ,Chorioamnionitis ,medicine.disease ,Andrology ,Neonatal infection ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Immune system ,Syncytiotrophoblast ,Placenta ,embryonic structures ,medicine ,Macrophage ,business - Abstract
COVID-19 infection during pregnancy is associated with an increased incidence of preterm birth but neonatal infection is rare. We assessed pathways by which SARS-CoV-2 could access the placenta and contribute to fetal transmission. Placentas from pregnancies complicated with chorioamnionitis (ChA), exhibited increased expression of ACE2 mRNA. Treatment of 2nd trimester placental explants with LPS, induced an acute increase in cytokine expression followed by ACE2 mRNA. Placental ACE2 protein localized to syncytiotrophoblast, in fetal blood vessels and M1/M2 macrophage and neutrophils within the villous stroma. Increased numbers of M1 macrophage and neutrophils were present in the placenta of ChA pregnancies. Maternal peripheral immune cells (mainly granulocytes and monocytes) express the ACE2 mRNA and protein. These data suggest that in COVID19 positive pregnancies complicated by ChA, ACE2 positive immune cells have the potential to traffic SARS-CoV-2 virus to the placenta and increase the risk of vertical transmission to the placenta/fetus.
- Published
- 2020
43. Hypoxia alters the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 SARS-CoV-2 cell entry mediators in hCMEC/D3 brain endothelial cells
- Author
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Guinever E. Imperio, Stephen J. Lye, Stephen G. Matthews, Hirotaka Hamada, Phetcharawan Lye, Hafsah Mughis, and Enrrico Bloise
- Subjects
medicine.medical_treatment ,Short Communication ,Biochemistry ,Cell Line ,Andrology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Western blot ,medicine ,Humans ,Transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) ,Receptor ,Interleukin 6 ,Hypoxia ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Serine Endopeptidases ,Brain ,COVID-19 ,Endothelial Cells ,Covid19 ,Cell Biology ,Hypoxia (medical) ,Virus Internalization ,Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) ,Cell Hypoxia ,3. Good health ,Endothelial stem cell ,Blood-brain barrier (BBB) ,Human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3) ,Cytokine ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Cell culture ,Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 ,Host-Pathogen Interactions ,biology.protein ,Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
The mechanisms by which the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces neurological complications remain to be elucidated. We aimed to identify possible effects of hypoxia on the expression of SARS-CoV-2 cell entry mediators, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) protein, in human brain endothelial cells, in vitro. hCMEC/D3 cells were exposed to different oxygen tensions: 20% (Control group), 8% or 2% O2 (Hypoxia groups). Cells were harvested 6-, 24- and 48 h following hypoxic challenge for assessment of mRNA and protein, using qPCR and Western Blot. The response of the brain endothelial cells to hypoxia was replicated using modular incubator chambers. We observed an acute increase (6 h, p
- Published
- 2021
44. Allele-Specific Methylome and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Widespread Imprinting in the Human Placenta
- Author
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Tetsuya Sato, Hitoshi Hiura, Kenjiro Shirane, Hiroyuki Sasaki, Nobuo Yaegashi, Takahiro Arima, Hidehiro Toh, Hirotaka Hamada, Mikita Suyama, Hiroaki Okae, and Hatsune Chiba
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Placenta ,Biology ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Article ,Genomic Imprinting ,03 medical and health sciences ,Genes, X-Linked ,Pregnancy ,Genetics ,Humans ,Exome ,Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation ,RNA-Directed DNA Methylation ,Alleles ,Genetics (clinical) ,Genome, Human ,Sequence Analysis, RNA ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Sodium-Bicarbonate Symporters ,Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ,Molecular Sequence Annotation ,Methylation ,DNA Methylation ,Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases ,Trophoblasts ,Blastocyst ,030104 developmental biology ,Differentially methylated regions ,embryonic structures ,DNA methylation ,Illumina Methylation Assay ,Female ,Human genome ,Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ,Genomic imprinting ,Genome-Wide Association Study - Abstract
DNA methylation is globally reprogrammed after fertilization, and as a result, the parental genomes have similar DNA-methylation profiles after implantation except at the germline differentially methylated regions (gDMRs). We and others have previously shown that human blastocysts might contain thousands of transient maternally methylated gDMRs (transient mDMRs), whose maternal methylation is lost in embryonic tissues after implantation. In this study, we performed genome-wide allelic DNA methylation analyses of purified trophoblast cells from human placentas and, surprisingly, found that more than one-quarter of the transient-in-embryo mDMRs maintained their maternally biased DNA methylation. RNA-sequencing-based allelic expression analyses revealed that some of the placenta-specific mDMRs were associated with expression of imprinted genes (e.g., TIGAR, SLC4A7, PROSER2-AS1, and KLHDC10), and three imprinted gene clusters were identified. This approach also identified some X-linked gDMRs. Comparisons of the data with those from other mammals revealed that genomic imprinting in the placenta is highly variable. These findings highlight the incomplete erasure of germline DNA methylation in the human placenta; understanding this erasure is important for understanding normal placental development and the pathogenesis of developmental disorders with imprinting effects.
- Published
- 2016
45. The prevalence and risk factors for postpartum depression symptoms of fathers at one and 6 months postpartum: an adjunct study of the Japan EnvironmentChildren's Study
- Author
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Shinichi Kuriyama, Hirohito Metoki, Hidekazu Nishigori, Kasumi Sakurai, Nobuo Yaegashi, Satoshi Mizuno, Mami Ishikuro, Toshie Nishigori, Zen Watanabe, Takahiro Arima, Taku Obara, Kunihiko Nakai, Tetsuro Hoshiai, and Hirotaka Hamada
- Subjects
Postpartum depression ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mothers ,Depression, Postpartum ,03 medical and health sciences ,Fathers ,0302 clinical medicine ,Japan ,Pregnancy ,Risk Factors ,030225 pediatrics ,medicine ,Prevalence ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,reproductive and urinary physiology ,Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ,Obstetrics ,business.industry ,Infant, Newborn ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Infant ,medicine.disease ,Adjunct ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Female ,business - Abstract
Objective: To survey prevalence and risk factors for paternal postpartum depression symptoms at one and 6 months postpartum in Japan.Material and methods: The study participants enrolled in the pro...
- Published
- 2018
46. Prenatal programming of stress responsiveness and behaviours: Progress and perspectives
- Author
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Stephen G. Matthews and Hirotaka Hamada
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System ,Offspring ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Prenatal Programming ,Psychological intervention ,Pituitary-Adrenal System ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Developmental psychology ,Epigenesis, Genetic ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Transgenerational epigenetics ,Pregnancy ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Epigenetics ,Glucocorticoids ,Endocrine and Autonomic Systems ,medicine.disease ,Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ,Female ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Stress, Psychological - Abstract
Parental exposure to stress or glucocorticoids either before or during pregnancy can have profound influences on neurodevelopment, neuroendocrine function and behaviours in offspring. Specific outcomes are dependent on the nature, intensity and timing of the exposure, as well as species, sex and age of the subject. Most recently, it has become evident that outcomes are not confined to first-generation offspring and that there may be intergenerational and transgenerational transmission of effects. There has been intense focus on the mechanisms by which such early exposure leads to long-term and potential transgenerational outcomes, and there is strong emerging evidence that epigenetic processes (histone modifications, DNA methylation, and small non-coding RNAs) are involved. New knowledge in this area may allow the development of interventions that can prevent, ameliorate or reverse the long-term negative outcomes associated with exposure to early adversity. This review will focus on the latest research, bridging human and pre-clinical studies, and will highlight some of the limitations, challenges and gaps that exist in the field.
- Published
- 2018
47. Epigenetic alterations in sperm associated with male infertility
- Author
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Hiroaki Okae, Hitoshi Hiura, Naoko Miyauchi, Hirotaka Hamada, Rosalind M. John, Hatsune Chiba, Akane Kitamura, Akiko Sato, and Takahiro Arima
- Subjects
Genetics ,Infertility ,Embryology ,Assisted reproductive technology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,General Medicine ,Biology ,Abnormal spermatogenesis ,medicine.disease ,Sperm ,Male infertility ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,DNA methylation ,medicine ,Epigenetics ,Genomic imprinting ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
The most common form of male infertility is a low sperm count, known as oligozoospermia. Studies suggest that oligozoospermia is associated with epigenetic alterations. Epigenetic alterations in sperm, which may arise due to the exposure of gametes to environmental factors or those that pre-exist in the sperm of infertile individuals, may contribute to the increased incidence of normally rare imprinting disorders in babies conceived after assisted reproductive technology using the sperm of infertile men. Genomic imprinting is an important developmental process whereby the allelic activity of certain genes is regulated by DNA methylation established during gametogenesis. The aberrant expression of several imprinted genes has been linked to various diseases, malignant tumors, lifestyle and mental disorders in humans. Understanding how infertility and environmental factors such as reproductive toxicants, certain foods, and drug exposures during gametogenesis contribute to the origins of these disorders via defects in sperm is of paramount importance. In this review, we discuss the association of epigenetic alterations with abnormal spermatogenesis and the evidence that epigenetic processes, including those required for genomic imprinting, may be sensitive to environmental exposures during gametogenesis, fertilization and early embryonic development. In addition, we review imprinting diseases and their relationships with environmental factors. While the plasticity of epigenetic marks may make these more susceptible to modification by the environment, this also suggests that aberrant epigenetic marks may be reversible. A greater understanding of this process and the function of epidrugs may lead to the development of new treatment methods for many adult diseases in the future.
- Published
- 2015
48. A Case of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy after Surgery for Gastric Cancer
- Author
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Syouji Natsugoe, Hirotaka Hamada, Hironori Sakita, Hiroshi Imamura, Naoto Haraguchi, and Takahito Kamikihara
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Heart failure ,Internal medicine ,Cardiology ,Cardiomyopathy ,Medicine ,Cancer ,business ,medicine.disease - Published
- 2015
49. Direct numerical simulation of a turbulent channel flow by an improved vortex in cell method
- Author
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Tomomi Uchiyama, Hirotaka Hamada, and Yutaro Yoshii
- Subjects
Physics ,Solenoidal vector field ,Discretization ,Applied Mathematics ,Mechanical Engineering ,Direct numerical simulation ,Reynolds number ,Mechanics ,Vorticity ,Enstrophy ,Computer Science Applications ,Vortex ,symbols.namesake ,Classical mechanics ,Mechanics of Materials ,symbols ,Shear velocity - Abstract
Purpose – This study is concerned with the direct numerical simulation (DNS) of a turbulent channel flow by an improved vortex in cell (VIC) method. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – First, two improvements for VIC method are proposed to heighten the numerical accuracy and efficiency. A discretization method employing a staggered grid is presented to ensure the consistency among the discretized equations as well as to prevent the numerical oscillation of the solution. A correction method for vorticity is also proposed to compute the vorticity field satisfying the solenoidal condition. Second, the DNS for a turbulent channel flow is conducted by the improved VIC method. The Reynolds number based on the friction velocity and the channel half width is 180. Findings – It is highlighted that the simulated turbulence statistics, such as the mean velocity, the Reynolds shear stress and the budget of the mean enstrophy, agree well with the existing DNS results. It is also shown that the organized flow structures in the near-wall region, such as the streaks and the streamwise vortices, are favourably captured. These demonstrate the high applicability of the improved VIC method to the DNS for wall turbulent flows. Originality/value – This study enables the VIC method to perform the DNS for wall turbulent flows.
- Published
- 2013
50. Numerical Simulation of Rotating Turbulent Channel Flow by the Vortex in Cell Method
- Author
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Hirotaka Hamada, Tomohiro Degawa, and Tomomi Uchiyama
- Subjects
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,Physics ,Chézy formula ,Turbulence ,Direct numerical simulation ,Reynolds number ,Angular velocity ,Mechanics ,Secondary flow ,Vortex ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,symbols.namesake ,Classical mechanics ,symbols ,Shear velocity - Abstract
Direct numerical simulation (DNS) of a fully-developed turbulent flow in a channel rotating around the span- wise axis is performed. A vortex in cell (VIC) method, of which numerical accuracy was successfully improved by the authors in their prior study, is applied to the DNS. The Reynolds number based on the friction velocity and the channel half width is 171, and the nondimensional rotation number defined with the channel angular velocity and width is 2.1. The simulated turbulence statistics, such as the mean velocity and the Reynolds shear stress, are favorably compared with the existing DNS results. The simulation can analyze the disappearance of the streak structures near the suction-wall due to the channel rotation. It also captures the secondary flow of the Taylor-Gortler vortex pattern near the pressure-wall. These simulation results demonstrate that the VIC method improved by the authors is indeed applicable to the DNS of turbulent flows in rotating channel.
- Published
- 2013
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