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Copyright of Revista de Educación e Investigación en Emergencias is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: we report two cases with severe hypokalemia. Patients and Methods: a 68-year-old woman was admitted with lower limb swelling and urinary symptoms; on the fourth day serum K+ concentration (s[K+]) was 2.3 mmol/L. A 64-year-old woman was admitted with pain in the lumbosacral spine, she was diagnosed with multiple myeloma. After receiving specific therapy she showed s[K+] at 2.4 mmol/L. A KCl solution containing 26.8 mEq of K+ was administered enterally, which increased s[K+] by 0.7 mmol/L within 1 h. Results and Conclusion: these cases reveal that peak s[K+] may be achieved within 1 hour after KCl intake in severe hypokalemia, which is probably faster than IV administration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Potassium is an essential cation for multiple physiological processes and potassium disorders, also known as dyskalemias, imply an increased risk of cardiovascular and neurological complications. The present review aims to outline the main strategies for the management of patients with potassium disorders in the hospital setting. For the management of hyperkalemia, we propose that the therapeutic approach should include etiologic evaluation, evidence-based pharmacologic management, monitoring of therapeutic response, and timely decision on initiation of dialysis. For hypokalemia, we suggest initial assessment of severity, pharmacologic management, and monitoring of response to therapy. Despite the limitations of the primary evidence for the management of potassium disorders, the present recommendations emphasize practices based on the best available evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Endocrinología, Metabolismo y Nutrición is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Thyrotoxic Hypokalemic Periodic paralysis (PPHT) is a rare complication of hyperthyroidism. The case of a 50-year-old patient with no previous history of chronic diseases is presented, who presented recurrent episodes of weakness and quadriparesis, with normokalemia and without obvious symptoms of hyperthyroidism, which delayed the diagnosis of thyrotoxic periodic paralysis, until the frank presentation of hypokalemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Hypokalemia, despite its potential seriousness, is frequently encountered in clinical practice; with the majority of cases occurring in adulthood being rationalized by examining the triad losses: diuretics, vomiting and diarrhea, as inherited causes of hypokalemia with later onset are uncommon. Below we report a case of chronic and recurrent mild hypokalemia, in an adult patient with idiopathic congenital deafness. Early clinical and analytical findings pointed to a hereditary syndrome with augmented potassium renal excretion. Suspicion of a likely molecular basis motivated the analysis of the barttin’s gene, revealing a G47R mutation in heterozygosity as well as a second mutation within an usually unaltered area. G47R mutation when in homozygosity is associated with an attenuated BSND (Bartter syndrome accompanied by sensorineural deafness) phenotype, questioning the clinical significance of the second mutation discovered.

Copyright of Universitas Médica is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hypokalemia, despite its potential seriousness, is frequently encountered in clinical practice; with the majority of cases occurring in adulthood being rationalized by examining the triad losses: diuretics, vomiting and diarrhea, as inherited causes of hypokalemia with later onset are uncommon. Below we report a case of chronic and recurrent mild hypokalemia, in an adult patient with idiopathic congenital deafness. Early clinical and analytical findings pointed to a hereditary syndrome with augmented potassium renal excretion. Suspicion of a likely molecular basis motivated the analysis of the barttin's gene, revealing a G47R mutation in heterozygosity as well as a second mutation within an usually unaltered area. G47R mutation when in homozygosity is associated with an attenuated BSND (Bartter syndrome accompanied by sensorineural deafness) phenotype, questioning the clinical significance of the second mutation discovered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis (PPT) is an uncommon complication of hyperthyroidism, it is the most frequent cause of acute flaccid paralysis in adults. Material and methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out in 2 reference hospitals of the social security in Lima-Peru, which included 22 patients diagnosed with PPT during the period 2014-2021. Results: the average age at diagnosis was 35.77 ± 9.6 years, all of mixed race, in 82% of the patients the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism was established from this entity, the etiology in 95% was autoimmune (Graves-Basedow) except for one whose etiology was toxic multinodular goiter. The triggering event reported in 54% of patients was the intake of copious food high in carbohydrates, followed by exercise (27%), the most frequent presentation time was during the morning (41% of the cases), the main weakness pattern compromised lower limbs (45% paraplegia, 18% paraparesis), only 36% were diagnosed with PPT in their first episode of motor weakness. Conclusions: We consider that this condition should be suspected in any young male patient of any ethnicity with acute muscle weakness, associated with low serum potassium levels and symptoms of thyrotoxicosis, although its absence should not rule out the diagnosis. The precipitating factor should be identified as much as possible and initial therapy with propanolol with or without intravenous or oral potassium replacement should be established, with adequate subsequent monitoring to minimize the risk of rebound hyperkalemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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El síndrome de Cushing endógeno deriva de un aumento crónico, inapropiado y sostenido de glucocorticoides principalmente como respuesta al exceso en las concentraciones séricas elevadas de la hormona adrenocorticotropa (ACTH) desde un tumor adenohipofisiario, enfermedad de Cushing; o producida de forma ectópica por tumores neuroendocrinos. El Cushing suprarrenal se origina por tumores de la corteza adrenal que producen de forma autónoma cortisol y es independiente de ACTH. El curso clínico, tratamiento, pronóstico y posibles complicaciones dependen de identificar de forma correcta la lesión desencadenante; situación que en múltiples ocasiones resulta en una experiencia retadora para los clínicos. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 62 años, ingresada por síntomas constitucionales con hipocaliemia severa de difícil corrección e hipercortisolismo severo.

Copyright of Médicas UIS is the property of Universidad Industrial de Santander and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The aim of this study was to synthesize the evidence on the causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD) associated with hypokalemia in individuals ≥15 to <65 years of age without structural heart disease. Case report. We reported a case and collected SCD cases following the PECO strategy. We conducted a bibliographic search of the literature published up to November 30, 2021. We included 25 cases. The mean age was 33.8 ± 2.4 years. Of the total cases, 60% were male and 60% corresponded to acquired etiologies. Thyrotoxicosis was the etiology of 8% of cases. The QTc interval was prolonged in 90% of the cases in which it could be recorded. Sixty percent of cases occurred out of hospital. Only 24% of episodes resulted in death. Conclusions. Thyrotoxicosis is a rare cause of hypokalemic sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). Hypokalemic SCA seems to be associated with better clinical results compared to SCA associated with hyperkalemia or normokalemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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La parálisis periódica hipopotasémica generalmente es causada por mutaciones autosómicas dominantes en el gen del canal de calcio dependiente del voltaje; las crisis de debilidad, suelen persistir durante horas o días antes de resolverse gradualmente; el nivel de potasio sérico puede estar bajo o normal durante la crisis. Este trastorno puede presentarse de forma adquirida en afecciones como pérdidas digestivas de potasio, diuréticos depletantes de potasio, entre otras. Se describe el caso de un paciente de piel blanca, de 53 años de edad, que acudió a consulta por pérdida de la fuerza muscular en los cuatro miembros, y reflejos osteotendinosos conservados. En los complementarios solo llamó la atención los bajos valores de potasio sérico (1,99 mmol/L). La escasa frecuencia con que se presenta este trastorno, la forma de presentación en este paciente, y la probabilidad de confundirlo con otras enfermedades, motivaron la publicación del artículo.

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: las parálisis periódicas son desórdenes neuromusculares dentro de los cuales se encuentra la hipocalémica, que puede ser primaria o secundaria. De especial interés es la hipocalémica tirotóxica por su baja sospecha en el hemisferio occidental. Presentación: paciente que acudió al servicio de urgencias de una clínica en Cali, Colombia aquejando la triada clásica de esta entidad y quien tras recibir tratamiento óptimo resolvió por completo su cuadro clínico. Discusión: se hace énfasis en los hallazgos en la literatura universal y su similitud con el cuadro del paciente. Conclusión: se destaca la importancia de estudios epidemiológicos que analizan la prevalencia e incidencia de esta enfermedad en nuestro país y la importancia de concebir esta entidad como sospecha clínica dado que se trata de una emergencia médica.

La parálisis periódica tirotóxica (PPTH) esuna afección esporádica que se presenta con debilidad muscular recurrente y transitoria e hipocalemia severa en pacientes con tirotoxicosis, se presenta este caso ya que es una complicación muy rara del hipertiroidismo más aún cuando se presenta como debut de la enfermedad de Graves Basedow. El objetivo es presentar las características clínicas, tratamiento y la evolución de un paciente con parálisis tirotóxica. El paciente iniciósíntomas de la enfermedad de Graves Basedow, con una parálisis periódica hipopotasémica, que mejorórápidamente con la corrección del déficit de potasio (K+) por vía intravenosa. Se deben identificar correctamente las patologías que se presentan con debilidad de miembros superiores e inferiores, ya que fácilmente se pueden confundir con otras enfermedades que necesitan diagnóstico y tratamiento diferentes y más agresivos.

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ondansetron belongs to a class of medications called 5HT3 receptor antagonists with antiemetic use indicated for the control of nausea induced by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. This medication has been associated with very few serious side effects. Currently, Ondansetron has been linked to cases of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. This case is of a 67-year-old male patient treated in the emergency department for a chronic hypokalemia, treated with fluid therapy, ranitidine, amlodipine, and ondansetron in a time of 20 minutes, after the administration of the latter, he presented with sudden death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: Los productos fitoterápicos más dispensados en España son los laxantes. Los laxantes antracénicos como el acíbar de aloe (Aloe spp.) o la corteza de cáscara sagrada (Rhamnus purshianus), entre otros, podrían estar implicados en interacciones farmacológicas debido al riesgo de hipopotasemia que produce su uso continuado. Objetivos: Realizar un análisis de la situación de dispensación de estos laxantes y detectar potenciales interacciones con otros fármacos en farmacias de la Provincia de Sevilla. Material/Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, observacional, realizado desde 14 farmacias comunitarias, mediante aplicación de un cuestionario acerca del uso de plantas medicinales. Se identificaron las interacciones potenciales descritas en las monografías EMA y ESCOP, y se analizaron los factores de riesgo para las mismas (edad avanzada, polimedicación y frecuencia de consumo). Resultados: La muestra fue constituida por 252 pacientes. El 24,6% (n=62) consumían laxantes antracénicos, más del 50% de forma diaria. El porcentaje de asociación con otros fármacos fue del 70%. Se han identificado potenciales interacciones en el 40% (n=26) de los pacientes, basadas en la asociación del laxante con fármacos diuréticos, con fármacos que podrían prolongar el intervalo QT, o con ambos a la vez. En todos ellos se detectó la existencia de uno o varios Factores de Riesgo para la Interacción (FRI). Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos reflejan la necesidad de formación actualizada por parte de los farmacéuticos comunitarios sobre los beneficios y riesgos de estos fitomedicamentos. Su dispensación protocolizada favorecería la identificación de posibles interacciones farmacológicas y su uso seguro y racional.

Objective: To determine the frequency and magnitude of neonatal hypophosphataemia (32 weeks with weight 32 semanas con peso

Hypokalemic periodic paralysis is generally caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the voltage-dependent calcium channel gene; seizures of weakness usually persist for hours or days before gradually resolving; the serum potassium level may be low or normal during the crisis. This disorder can present in an acquired way in conditions such as digestive losses of potassium, potassium-depleting diuretics, among others. The case of a 53-year-old white-skinned patient who came to the clinic due to loss of muscle strength in all four limbs, and preserved osteotendinous reflexes it is describe. In the tests, only the low serum potassium values (1.99 mmol / L) stand out. The rare frequency with which this disorder occurs, the form of presentation in this patient, and the probability of confusing it with other diseases, motivated the publication of the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: coma is the extreme degradation of consciousness. A syndrome characterized by a loss of vegetative functions, as an expression of acute and severe brain dysfunction. Presentation of the case: a 65-year-old male patient who two years ago commenced showing signs of loss of consciousness for two days In inter-crisis periods the studies did not confirm positive results. He was brought to the emergency room in a state of hyporeflexic coma. All parameters were normal except for a very discrete metabolic alkalosis and severe hypokalemia with 1,3 millimoles of potassium. General measures and complementary examinations were performed. Potassium values were replenished. As the potassium values standardized, a process of consciousness recovery was initiated. It was interpreted as a hypokalemic coma. Conclusions: hypopotassemia is a common imbalance, with repercussions in the different systems; this imbalance can result in alterations of the cardiovascular dynamics, progressive muscle weakness and coma. Therefore, in case of symptoms similar to hypokalemia, it is required to work on its diagnosis and treatment.

BACKGROUND: Arterial hypertension secondary to primary hyperaldosteronism is becoming more frequent. Unilateral adrenal adenoma is a common cause of primary hyperaldosteronism, its clinical and biochemical presentation is similar to that of the aldosterone-producing adenoma. CLINICAL CASE: A 59-year-old male patient who attended to the emergency room due to sudden diminishment of muscle strength of right hemibody, limitation of gait, difficulty for articulating words and deviation of the commissure to the left. In imaging studies, computed tomography of the adrenal glands showed a hypodense image between 8-12 UH compatible with right adrenal adenoma of 12 x 16 x 16 mm. CONCLUSION: Although its diagnosis remains a challenge, the importance in the recognition of this disease is that most of the times it allows a specific therapy of surgical and curable type, thus avoiding the deleterious effects of aldosterone in the cardiovascular system and in the beta cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Universidad Médica Pinareña is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sin resumen

Sin resumen

Sin resumen

Approximately 10% of cases of arterial hypertension are due to a secondary cause, being among the most frequent primary hyperaldosteronism, characterized by hypertension, metabolic alkalosis and hypokalemia. However, on rare occasions it can present in an atypical way, in the form of muscle weakness and myalgia secondary to rhabdomyolysis due to severe hypokalemia, as in the case described., (Copyright © 2023 SEH-LELHA. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

La diarrea crónica es una entidad frecuente. Las causas son múltiples, por lo que llegar al diagnóstico definitivo puede resultar complejo acarreando con ello una demora diagnóstica que puede llegar a ser mortal. Se expone el caso de una mujer joven que desarrolla hipopotasemia severa secundaria a un VIPoma, tumor neuroendocrino secretor de péptido intestinal vasoactivo, hormona responsable del cuadro clínico: diarrea acuosa, hipopotasemia y aclorhidria. Chronic diarrhea is frequent. The causes are multiple, so reaching the definitive diagnosis can be complex. The diagnostic delay can be deadly. We describe the case of a young woman who developed severe hypokalemia secondary to VIPoma, neuroendocrine tumor secreting vasoactive intestinal peptide, a hormone responsible for the clinical: watery diarrhea, hypokalemia and achlorhydria

Obiectiv: Obiectivele acestui studiu au fost cercetarea unor corelaţii între potasemie şi rata mortalităţii, doza de potasiu administrată pe kilogram corp şi pe zi, valoarea pH-ului seric şi modifi cările electrocardiogramei, în sepsis, la sugar şi copilul mic. Material şi metodă: S-a efectuat un studiu retrospectiv pe un număr de 72 de copii (vârsta 1 lună - 7 ani), internaţi cu diagnosticul de sepsis în Secţia de Terapie Intensivă a Spitalului Clinic de Urgenţă „Sf. Maria“ Iaşi în perioada 2007-2009. A fost alcătuit un protocol de analiză a cazuisticii care să permită corelaţii în dinamică a valorilor potasemiei cu alţi parametrii clinici, biologici şi funcţionali. Rezultate: Pe parcursul internării, 48,6% din pacienţi au avut o potasemie normală, 56,9% hipopotasemie moderată, 37,5% kaliemie sub 2,5 mEq/l, 2% hiperpotasemie. Corelaţia Pearson între potasiu seric şi cantitatea de K+ mEq/kg corp/zi pentru întreg lotul studiat a fost - 0,37 (p=0,00), iar în grupul pacienţilor decedaţi, r = – 0,36, (p= 0,002). Pentru toţi pacienţii afl aţi în studiu între kaliemie şi pH-ul seric s-a obţinut un indice de corelaţie de 0,44 (p=0,00); pentru eşantionul pacienţilor decedaţi, r = 0,39, (p=0,015). Hipopotasemia moderată/ severă s-a reflectat prin subdenivelare de ST în 39,7% cazuri, aplatizarea undei T în 77,9% cazuri, iar prezenţa undei U în 72% cazuri. În acest lot nu s-au semnalat tulburări de ritm. Concluzii: Hipopotasemia a fost principala modifi care a kaliemiei la pacienţii cu sepsis dar, din punct de vedere statistic, valoarea serică a potasiului nu a infl uenţat rata mortalităţii. Nu s-a constatat o concordanţă între potasemie şi modifi cările electrocardiogramei.

Copyright of Nefrologia is the property of Revista Nefrologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)