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Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has raised many problems in the education sector, one of which is the increasing trend toward student loneliness owing to a lack of interpersonal connections in online learning activities. The present study explicitly aims to examine the relationship between loneliness and academic achievement for university students in Indonesia. Moreover, we propose moderating God’s locus of control (i.e., God’s control over behavior-related learning) (GLC) and learning student engagement, playing mediating roles in these relationships. The data were collected from 324 respondents among university students in Indonesia during emergency remote teaching. The moderated-mediated regression analysis using Hayes’ PROCESS macro found loneliness negatively related to engagement and academic achievement. Student engagement had a positive relationship with academic achievement and served as a mediator between loneliness and academic achievement. Furthermore, GLC was found to moderate the relationship between loneliness and learning engagement as well as loneliness and academic achievement. This study’s findings uncover GLC’s role as a boundary condition, and confirms that learning-engagement intermediates the relationship between loneliness and academic achievement. Students with high perceived God control tend to anticipate the impact of loneliness on learning behavior amid isolation and loneliness because of the pandemic.

The ability to develop teaching preparation, in the sense that a teacher is not only at the level of learning planning design, but also in the process and evaluation of learning, for example, being able to design plans, formulate goals, compile, present materials, media, determine basic competencies, strategy, follow up carry on. The problem in this research is how the teacher's ability to develop teaching preparation in MTSn 1 Banjarmasin. The purpose of this research is to determine the teacher's ability to develop teaching preparation in subjects moral aqidah at MTSn 1 Banjarmasin. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research. The population in this study was 1 teacher at MTSn 1 Banjarmasin. The data in this study were collected using observation, interview, and documentation techniques. Furthermore, the collected data were analyzed using the percentage formula. The results of data analysis through observation and interviews can be concluded as follows: The ability of teachers to develop teaching preparation in subjects the moral creed in MTSn 1 Banjarmasin reached 62.82% and was categorized as good because it was located at an interval of 61% -80%.

Social and cultural changes in society are increasingly challenging and demanding along with the times marked by developments in technology and communication. However, so that every challenge and change does not lead to setbacks and shapes human behavior to positive values, the value of human hedonism must be bound by positive values. This study aimed to analyze the positive values ​​contained in the Holy Qur'an and al-Hadith. The literature review method has been used in this study to produce socio-cultural changes with thematic studies in the Koran contained in Surah QS al Hujurat: 13, Q.S.Al Qur'an S.Ar Ra'ad: 11, Q.S. Al A'raf: 34, Qur'an S. Ali Imran: 110, QS. Al A'raf: 96, QS. Al Maidah: 8, Qur’an S. Al-‘Asr: 3, Q.S.Al Baqarah: 22, QS. On Tour: 21, QS. Arrum: 41, QS. Joseph: 55) and QS.Hud: 37. The conclusion of socio-cultural education with thematic studies is that every change and development will be followed by other changes, but these changes lead to constructive and positive things, and the direction depends on the belief of each party. individual and collective society.

Keberadaan madrasah di Indonesia dilatar belakangi oleh respon pendidikan Islam terhadap sistem persekolahan yang diterapkan pemerintahan Hindia Belanda dalam rangka politik etisnya dan merupakan bagian dari gerakan pembaharuan Islam di Indonesia. Madrasah di Indonesia sudah ada di awal abad ke 20 ditandai dengan berdirinya Madrasah Adabiyah di Padang, yang didirikan Syekh Abdullah Akhmad tahun 1909. Sejak itu bermunculanlah madrasah yang didirikan tokoh-tokoh Islam dan Organisiasi Islam. Madrasah mengalami masa pasang surut terutama dalam hal pengakuan pemerintah.Pada masa penjajahan Belanda, Madrasah mendapat tekanan, sedangkan pada masa pemerintahan penjajahan Jepang, madrasah mendapat bantuan dana.Setelah Indonesia merdeka, walaupun madrasah merupakan sistem pendidikan yang sudah berjalan dimasyarakat tapi belum menjadi bagian dari sistem pendidikan nasional. Madrasah baru mendapatkan status disamakan setingkat dengan sekolah umum diawali dengan terbitnya SKB tiga menteri tanggal 24 Maret 1979. Pengakuan madrasah sebagai bagian dari sistem pendidikan nasionaldengan dikeluarkannya UU. Sisdiknas No. 2 tahun 1989. Kata Kunci: Madrasah, Dinamika, Pengakuan Formal