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4. Effectiveness of preventive treatment among different age groups and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection status: a systematic review and individual-participant data meta-analysis of contact tracing studies

Author

Martinez, Leonardo, Seddon, James, Liu, Qiao, Acuna Villaorduna, Carlos, Bonnet, Maryline, Carvalho, Anna Cristina C., Chan, Pei-Chun, Hill, Philip C, Lopez-Varela, Elisa, Donkor, Simon, Graham, Stephen M., Villalba, Julian A., Grandjean, Louis, Zellweger, Jean-Pierre, Wang, Jann-Yuan, Verhagen, Lilly M, van Schalkwykn, Cari, van der Loeff, Maarten F Schim, Sloot, Rosa, Trieu, Lisa, Ahuja, Shama Desai, Yoshiyama, Takashi, Mazahir, Rufaida, Martinsonn, Neil A, Jones-López, Edward C., Altet, Neus, Kato, Seiya, Fang, Chi-Tai, Geis, Steffen, Hauri, Anja, Long, Richard, Dobler, Claudia C, Cayla, Joan A, Chakhaia, Tsira, Chen, Cheng, García-Basteiro, Alberto L., Triasih, Rina, Huang, Li-Min, Sharma, Surendra, Hannoun, Djohar, Malone, LaShaunda L., Ling, Du-Lin, Kritski, Afrânio, Stein, Catherine M., Malik, Amyn A, Augusto, Orvalho, Vashishtha, Richa, Boulahbal, Fadila, Boom, W. Henry, Shen, Ye, Hesseling, Anneke C, Horsburgh, C. Robert, Lange, Christoph, Mandalakas, Anna M., Seddon, James A, Horsburgh, C Robert, and Mandalakas, Anna M

Published
2024
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7. Burden and associated phenotypic characteristics of tuberculosis infection in adult Africans with diabetes: a systematic review

Author

Kibirige, Davis, Andia-Biraro, Irene, Kyazze, Andrew Peter, Olum, Ronald, Bongomin, Felix, Nakavuma, Rose Mwanje, Ssekamatte, Phillip, Emoru, Reagan, Nalubega, Goretti, Chamba, Nyasatu, Kilonzo, Kajiru, Laizer, Sweetness Naftal, Mrema, Lucy Elauteri, Olomi, Willyhelmina, Minja, Lilian Tina, Ntinginya, Nyanda Elias, Sabi, Issa, Hill, Philip C., te Brake, Lindsey, van Crevel, Reinout, Sharples, Katrina, and Critchley, Julia

Published
2023
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13. The risk of tuberculosis in children after close exposure: a systematic review and individual-participant meta-analysis

Author

Martinez, Leonardo, Cords, Olivia, Horsburgh, C Robert, Andrews, Jason R, Consortium, Pediatric TB Contact Studies, Acuna-Villaorduna, Carlos, Ahuja, Shama Desai, Altet, Neus, Augusto, Orvalho, Baliashvili, Davit, Basu, Sanjay, Becerra, Mercedes, Bonnet, Maryline, Boom, W Henry, Borgdorff, Martien, Boulahbal, Fadila, Carvalho, Anna Cristina C, Cayla, Joan A, Chakhaia, Tsira, Chan, Pei-Chun, Cohen, Ted, Croda, Julio, Datta, Sumona, del Corral, Helena, Denholm, Justin T, Dietze, Reynaldo, Dobler, Claudia C, Donkor, Simon, Egere, Uzochukwu, Ellner, Jerrold J, Espinal, Marcos, Evans, Carlton A, Fang, Chi-Tai, Fielding, Katherine, Fox, Greg J, García, Luis F, García-Basteiro, Alberto L, Geis, Steffen, Graham, Stephen M, Grandjean, Louis, Hannoun, Djohar, Hatherill, Mark, Hauri, Anja M, Hesseling, Anneke C, Hill, Philip C, Huang, Li-Min, Huerga, Helena, Hussain, Rabia, Jarlsberg, Leah, Jones-López, Edward C, Kato, Seiya, Kato-Maeda, Midori, Kampmann, Beate, Kirchner, H Lester, Kritski, Afrânio, Lange, Christoph, Lee, Chih-Hsin, Lee, Li-Na, Lee, Meng-Rui, Lemos, Antonio Carlos, Lienhardt, Christian, Ling, Du-Lin, Liu, Qiao, Lo, Nathan C, Long, Richard, Lopez-Varela, Elisa, Lu, Peng, Magee, Matthew, Malone, LaShaunda L, Mandalakas, Anna M, Martinson, Neil A, Mazahir, Rufaida, Murray, Megan B, Netto, Eduardo Martins, Otero, Larissa, Parsonnet, Julie, Reingold, Arthur, Schaaf, H Simon, Seddon, James A, Sharma, Surendra, Singh, Jitendra, Singh, Sarman, Sloot, Rosa, Sotgiu, Giovanni, Stein, Catherine M, Iqbal, Najeeha Talat, Triasih, Rina, Trieu, Lisa, van der Loeff, Maarten F Schim, Van der Stuyft, Patrick, van Schalkwyk, Cari, Vashishtha, Richa, Verhagen, Lilly M, Villalba, Julian A, Wang, Jann-Yuan, Whalen, Christopher C, Yoshiyama, Takashi, Zar, Heather J, Zellweger, Jean-Pierre, and Zhu, Limei

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Tuberculosis, Prevention, Rare Diseases, Pediatric, Infectious Diseases, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Age Factors, Child, Child, Preschool, Contact Tracing, Disease Transmission, Infectious, Family Characteristics, Female, Global Health, Humans, Incidence, Male, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Risk Assessment, Sex Factors, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary, Pediatric TB Contact Studies Consortium, Medical and Health Sciences, General & Internal Medicine, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

BackgroundTens of millions of children are exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis globally every year; however, there are no contemporary estimates of the risk of developing tuberculosis in exposed children. The effectiveness of contact investigations and preventive therapy remains poorly understood.MethodsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, we investigated the development of tuberculosis in children closely exposed to a tuberculosis case and followed for incident disease. We restricted our search to cohort studies published between Jan 1, 1998, and April 6, 2018, in MEDLINE, Web of Science, BIOSIS, and Embase electronic databases. Individual-participant data and a pre-specified list of variables were requested from authors of all eligible studies. These included characteristics of the exposed child, the index case, and environmental characteristics. To be eligible for inclusion in the final analysis, a dataset needed to include: (1) individuals below 19 years of age; (2) follow-up for tuberculosis for a minimum of 6 months; (3) individuals with household or close exposure to an individual with tuberculosis; (4) information on the age and sex of the child; and (5) start and end follow-up dates. Studies assessing incident tuberculosis but without dates or time of follow-up were excluded. Our analysis had two primary aims: (1) estimating the risk of developing tuberculosis by time-period of follow-up, demographics (age, region), and clinical attributes (HIV, tuberculosis infection status, previous tuberculosis); and (2) estimating the effectiveness of preventive therapy and BCG vaccination on the risk of developing tuberculosis. We estimated the odds of prevalent tuberculosis with mixed-effects logistic models and estimated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for incident tuberculosis with mixed-effects Poisson regression models. The effectiveness of preventive therapy against incident tuberculosis was estimated through propensity score matching. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42018087022).FindingsIn total, study groups from 46 cohort studies in 34 countries-29 (63%) prospective studies and 17 (37%) retrospective-agreed to share their data and were included in the final analysis. 137 647 tuberculosis-exposed children were evaluated at baseline and 130 512 children were followed for 429 538 person-years, during which 1299 prevalent and 999 incident tuberculosis cases were diagnosed. Children not receiving preventive therapy with a positive result for tuberculosis infection had significantly higher 2-year cumulative tuberculosis incidence than children with a negative result for tuberculosis infection, and this incidence was greatest among children below 5 years of age (19·0% [95% CI 8·4-37·4]). The effectiveness of preventive therapy was 63% (adjusted HR 0·37 [95% CI 0·30-0·47]) among all exposed children, and 91% (adjusted HR 0·09 [0·05-0·15]) among those with a positive result for tuberculosis infection. Among all children

Published
2020

14. Feasibility study of the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection for M?ori in the Waikato region, Aotearoa New Zealand

Author

Uruamo, Siobhan, Mcallister, Susan, Scott, Nina, Hancox, Robert J., Hayudini, Ron, Baxter, Joanne, and Hill, Philip C.

Subjects
New Zealand -- Health aspects, Tuberculosis -- Demographic aspects -- Distribution, Maoris -- Health aspects, Company distribution practices, Health
Abstract

: Objective: This study aimed to assess the feasibility of conducting a representative tuberculin skin test (TST) survey for M?ori in Aotearoa New Zealand and to estimate the prevalence of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection. Methods: Participants were M?ori in the Waikato region, recruited by a M?ori nurse, through: 1) random household selection from the Electoral Roll; 2) randomly selected prison inmates; and 3) community and health settings. A TB history and symptoms questionnaire was completed, TST performed and investigation of those with TST induration ?10mm. Results: Random household selection was resource intensive and only contributed 14 participants. Repeated random selection of prison lists were required to recruit 207 participants and there were no positive TST cases. Community and health settings yielded the highest participation (n=370) and the three people (0.5%) with TST ?10mm. Age ?45 years and history of contact with a TB case were associated with TST induration ?5mm (n=39; 6.6%). Conclusions: The community and health settings were the only feasible options for recruitment. The overall prevalence of a positive TST in the study population was low. A 5mm cut?off may be best to maximise sensitivity for future studies. Implications for public health: A mixture of sample selection processes that are more targeted are needed to identify M?ori with latent TB infection., The World Health Assembly in May 2014 approved a new Global Tuberculosis (TB) Strategy with ambitious goals.[sup.1] The Strategy aimed to end the global TB epidemic, with targets to reduce [...]

Published
2022
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16. Establishing the cascade of care for patients with tuberculous meningitis

Author

Imran, Darma, Hill, Philip C, McKnight, Jacob, van Crevel, Reinout, Aarnoutse, Rob E, Anderson, Suzanne TB, Bahr, Nathan C, Bang, Nguyen D, Boulware, David R, Boyles, Tom, Brake, Lindsey HM te, Chandra, Satish, Chow, Felicia C, Cresswell, Fiona V, Davis, Angharad G, Dian, Sofiati, Donovan, Joseph, Dooley, Kelly E, Figaji, Anthony, Ganiem, A Rizal, Garg, Ravindra Kumar, Gibb, Diana M, Hamers, Raph L, Hiep, Nguyen TT, Imron, Akhmad, Jain, Sanjay K, Jain, Sunil K, Jeejeebhoy, Byramee, Kalita, Jayantee, Kumar, Rashmi, Kumar, Vinod, van Laarhoven, Arjan, Lai, Rachel P-J, Manesh, Abi, Marais, Suzaan, Mave, Vidya, Meintjes, Graeme, Meya, David B, Misra, Usha K, Modi, Manish, Ordonez, Alvaro A, Phu, Nguyen H, Pradhan, Sunil, Prasad, Kameshwar, Proust, Alize M, Ramakrishnan, Lalita, Rohlwink, Ursula, Ruslami, Rovina, Schoeman, Johannes F, Seddon, James A, Sharma, Kusum, Siddiqi, Omar, Solomons, Regan S, Thuong, Nguyen TT, Thwaites, Guy E, van Toorn, Ronald, Tucker, Elizabeth W, Wasserman, Sean A, and Wilkinson, Robert J

Subjects
Health Services and Systems, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Infectious Diseases, Health Services, Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, Clinical Research, Rare Diseases, 8.1 Organisation and delivery of services, Health and social care services research, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Tuberculous Meningitis International Research Consortium, cascade of care, health systems, meningitis, patient pathway analysis, tuberculosis, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

Meningitis is a relatively rare form of tuberculosis, but it carries a high mortality rate, reaching 50% in some settings, with higher rates among patients with HIV co-infection and those with drug-resistant disease. Most studies of tuberculosis meningitis (TBM) tend to focus on better diagnosis, drug treatment and supportive care for patients in hospital. However, there is significant variability in mortality between settings, which may be due to specific variation in the availability and quality of health care services, both prior to, during, and after hospitalization. Such variations have not been studied thoroughly, and we therefore present a theoretical framework that may help to identify where efforts should be focused in providing optimal services for TBM patients. As a first step, we propose an adjusted cascade of care for TBM and patient pathway studies that might help identify factors that account for losses and delays across the cascade. Many of the possible gaps in the TBM cascade are related to health systems factors; we have selected nine domains and provide relevant examples of systems factors for TBM for each of these domains that could be the basis for a health needs assessment to address such gaps. Finally, we suggest some immediate action that could be taken to help make improvements in services. Our theoretical framework will hopefully lead to more health system research and improved care for patients suffering from this most dangerous form of tuberculosis.

Published
2019

17. Rapid SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence Survey in Central and Western Divisions of Fjji, 2021

Author

Curtis, Stephanie J., Shah, Abdul W., Ratu, Ana, Wilson, Donald J., Hill, Philip C., Hulcome, Phil, Gaylard, Cathy, Faktaufon, Daniel, Cabemaiwai, Talica, Rabukawaqa, Isireli, Qoriniasi, Tevita, Narayan, Akesh, Nakalevu, Susana, Romakin, Pablo, Tudravu, Jemesa, Fong, James, and Walsh, Nick

Subjects
Epidemics -- Statistics -- Causes of -- Fiji, Health
Abstract

In Fiji, the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant wave occurred in a largely unvaccinated and nonimmune population during April-November 2021 (1). A risk-based COVID-19 vaccine rollout strategy commenced in March 2021, and, [...]

Published
2023
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18. Infant BCG vaccination and risk of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis throughout the life course: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis

Author

Martinez, Leonardo, Cords, Olivia, Liu, Qiao, Acuna-Villaorduna, Carlos, Bonnet, Maryline, Fox, Greg J, Carvalho, Anna Cristina C, Chan, Pei-Chun, Croda, Julio, Hill, Philip C, Lopez-Varela, Elisa, Donkor, Simon, Fielding, Katherine, Graham, Stephen M, Espinal, Marcos A, Kampmann, Beate, Reingold, Arthur, Huerga, Helena, Villalba, Julian A, Grandjean, Louis, Sotgiu, Giovanni, Egere, Uzochukwu, Singh, Sarman, Zhu, Limei, Lienhardt, Christian, Denholm, Justin T, Seddon, James A, Whalen, Christopher C, García-Basteiro, Alberto L, Triasih, Rina, Chen, Cheng, Singh, Jitendra, Huang, Li-Min, Sharma, Surendra, Hannoun, Djohar, del Corral, Helena, Mandalakas, Anna M, Malone, LaShaunda L, Ling, Du-Lin, Kritski, Afrânio, Stein, Catherine M, Vashishtha, Richa, Boulahbal, Fadila, Fang, Chi-Tai, Boom, W Henry, Netto, Eduardo Martins, Lemos, Antonio Carlos, Hesseling, Anneke C, Kay, Alexander, Jones-López, Edward C, Horsburgh, C Robert, Lange, Christoph, and Andrews, Jason R

Published
2022
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19. Transcriptional profiles predict treatment outcome in patients with tuberculosis and diabetes at diagnosis and at two weeks after initiation of anti-tuberculosis treatment

Author

van Doorn, Cassandra L.R., Eckold, Clare, Ronacher, Katharina, Ruslami, Rovina, van Veen, Suzanne, Lee, Ji-Sook, Kumar, Vinod, Kerry-Barnard, Sarah, Malherbe, Stephanus T., Kleynhans, Léanie, Stanley, Kim, Hill, Philip C., Joosten, Simone A., van Crevel, Reinout, Wijmenga, Cisca, Critchley, Julia A., Walzl, Gerhard, Alisjahbana, Bachti, Haks, Mariëlle C., Dockrell, Hazel M., Ottenhoff, Tom H.M., Vianello, Eleonora, and Cliff, Jacqueline M.

Published
2022
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21. Four-Gene Pan-African Blood Signature Predicts Progression to Tuberculosis

Author

Suliman, Sara, Thompson, Ethan G, Sutherland, Jayne, Weiner, January, Ota, Martin OC, Shankar, Smitha, Penn-Nicholson, Adam, Thiel, Bonnie, Erasmus, Mzwandile, Maertzdorf, Jeroen, Duffy, Fergal J, Hill, Philip C, Hughes, E Jane, Stanley, Kim, Downing, Katrina, Fisher, Michelle L, Valvo, Joe, Parida, Shreemanta K, van der Spuy, Gian, Tromp, Gerard, Adetifa, Ifedayo MO, Donkor, Simon, Howe, Rawleigh, Mayanja-Kizza, Harriet, Boom, W Henry, Dockrell, Hazel M, Ottenhoff, Tom HM, Hatherill, Mark, Aderem, Alan, Hanekom, Willem A, Scriba, Thomas J, Kaufmann, Stefan HE, Zak, Daniel E, Walzl, Gerhard, Black, Gillian F, Kriel, Magdalena, Du Plessis, Nelita, Nene, Nonhlanhla, Roberts, Teri, Kleynhans, Leanie, Gutschmidt, Andrea, Smith, Bronwyn, Loxton, Andre G, Chegou, Novel N, Tromp, Gerhardus, Tabb, David, Klein, Michel R, Haks, Marielle C, Franken, Kees LMC, Geluk, Annemieke, van Meijgaarden, Krista E, Joosten, Simone A, Joloba, Moses, Zalwango, Sarah, Nsereko, Mary, Okwera, Brenda, Kisingo, Hussein, Golinski, Robert, Jacobson, Marc, Dockrell, Hazel, Smith, Steven, Gorak-Stolinska, Patricia, Hur, Yun-Gyoung, Lalor, Maeve, Lee, Ji-Sook, Crampin, Amelia C, French, Neil, Ngwira, Bagrey, Ben-Smith, Anne, Watkins, Kate, Ambrose, Lyn, Simukonda, Felanji, Mvula, Hazzie, Chilongo, Femia, Saul, Jacky, Branson, Keith, Mahomed, Hassan, Bilek, Nicole, Xasa, Onke, Veldsman, Ashley, Fisher, Michelle, and Mulenga, Humphrey

Subjects
HIV/AIDS, Rare Diseases, Infectious Diseases, Tuberculosis, Clinical Research, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Prevention, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, 4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies, Aetiology, Detection, screening and diagnosis, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, GC6-74 cohort study team, The ACS cohort study team, biomarkers, gene expression, tuberculosis, Medical and Health Sciences, Respiratory System
Abstract

Rationale: Contacts of patients with tuberculosis (TB) constitute an important target population for preventive measures because they are at high risk of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and progression to disease.Objectives: We investigated biosignatures with predictive ability for incident TB.Methods: In a case-control study nested within the Grand Challenges 6-74 longitudinal HIV-negative African cohort of exposed household contacts, we employed RNA sequencing, PCR, and the pair ratio algorithm in a training/test set approach. Overall, 79 progressors who developed TB between 3 and 24 months after diagnosis of index case and 328 matched nonprogressors who remained healthy during 24 months of follow-up were investigated.Measurements and Main Results: A four-transcript signature derived from samples in a South African and Gambian training set predicted progression up to two years before onset of disease in blinded test set samples from South Africa, the Gambia, and Ethiopia with little population-associated variability, and it was also validated in an external cohort of South African adolescents with latent M. tuberculosis infection. By contrast, published diagnostic or prognostic TB signatures were predicted in samples from some but not all three countries, indicating site-specific variability. Post hoc meta-analysis identified a single gene pair, C1QC/TRAV27 (complement C1q C-chain / T-cell receptor-α variable gene 27) that would consistently predict TB progression in household contacts from multiple African sites but not in infected adolescents without known recent exposure events.Conclusions: Collectively, we developed a simple whole blood-based PCR test to predict TB in recently exposed household contacts from diverse African populations. This test has potential for implementation in national TB contact investigation programs.

Published
2018

22. Rifapentine and isoniazid for prevention of tuberculosis in people with diabetes (PROTID): protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Author

Ntinginya, Nyanda Elias, te Brake, Lindsey, Sabi, Issa, Chamba, Nyasatu, Kilonzo, Kajiru, Laizer, Sweetness, Andia-Biraro, Irene, Kibirige, Davis, Kyazze, Andrew Peter, Ninsiima, Sandra, Critchley, Julia A., Romeo, Renee, van de Maat, Josephine, Olomi, Willyhelmina, Mrema, Lucy, Magombola, David, Mwayula, Issakwisa Habakkuk, Sharples, Katrina, Hill, Philip C., and van Crevel, Reinout

Published
2022
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25. Genomic Profiling of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains, Myanmar

Author

Aung, Htin Lin, Nyunt, Wint Wint, Fong, Yang, Biggs, Patrick J., Winkworth, Richard C., Lockhart, Peter J., Yeo, Tsin Wen, Hill, Philip C., Cook, Gregory M., and Aung, Si Thu

Subjects
Drug resistance in microorganisms -- Genetic aspects, Tuberculosis -- Causes of -- Genetic aspects -- Drug therapy, Mycobacterium tuberculosis -- Identification and classification -- Genetic aspects, Health
Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is the infectious disease that causes the most deaths worldwide ([approximately equal to] 5,000/day) (1). Of major concern is the increasing prevalence of drug resistance worldwide (1). There [...]

Published
2021
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26. Impact of the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia in The Gambia: 10 years of population-based surveillance

Author

Mackenzie, Grant A, Hill, Philip C, Jeffries, David J, Ndiaye, Malick, Sahito, Shah M, Hossain, Ilias, Uchendu, Uchendu, Ameh, David, Adeyemi, Oyedeji, Pathirana, Jayani, Olatunji, Yekini, Abatan, Baderinwa, Muhammad, Bilquees S, Ahameefula, Ebirim, Fombah, Augustin E, Adeshola, Banjo, Lobga, Babila G, Saha, Debasish, Mackenzie, Roslyn, Odutola, Aderonke, Plumb, Ian D, Akano, Aliu, Ebruke, Bernard E, Ideh, Readon C, Kuti, Bankole, Githua, Peter, Olutunde, Emmanuel, Ofordile, Ogochukwu, Green, Edward, Usuf, Effua, Badji, Henry, Ikumapayi, Usman NA, Manjang, Ahmed, Salaudeen, Rasheed, Nsekpong, E David, Jarju, Sheikh, Antonio, Martin, Sambou, Sana, Ceesay, Lamin, Lowe-Jallow, Yamundow, Fofana, Sidat, Jasseh, Momodou, Mulholland, Kim, Knoll, Maria, Levine, Orin S, Howie, Stephen R, Adegbola, Richard A, Greenwood, Brian M, and Corrah, Tumani

Published
2021
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27. Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a health systems intervention for latent tuberculosis infection management (ACT4): a cluster-randomised trial

Author

Oxlade, Olivia, Benedetti, Andrea, Adjobimey, Mênonli, Alsdurf, Hannah, Anagonou, Severin, Cook, Victoria J, Fisher, Dina, Fox, Greg J, Fregonese, Federica, Hadisoemarto, Panji, Hill, Philip C, Johnston, James, Khan, Faiz Ahmad, Long, Richard, Nguyen, Nhung V, Nguyen, Thu Anh, Obeng, Joseph, Ruslami, Rovina, Schwartzman, Kevin, Trajman, Anete, Valiquette, Chantal, and Menzies, Dick

Published
2021
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31. The risk of tuberculosis in children after close exposure: a systematic review and individual-participant meta-analysis

Author

Acuna-Villaorduna, Carlos, Desai Ahuja, Shama, Altet, Neus, Augusto, Orvalho, Baliashvili, Davit, Basu, Sanjay, Becerra, Mercedes, Bonnet, Maryline, Henry Boom, W., Borgdorff, Martien, Boulahbal, Fadila, Carvalho, Anna Cristina C., Cayla, Joan A., Chakhaia, Tsira, Chan, Pei-Chun, Cohen, Ted, Croda, Julio, Datta, Sumona, del Corral, Helena, Denholm, Justin T., Dietze, Reynaldo, Dobler, Claudia C., Donkor, Simon, Egere, Uzochukwu, Ellner, Jerrold J., Espinal, Marcos, Evans, Carlton A., Fang, Chi-Tai, Fielding, Katherine, Fox, Greg J., García, Luis F., García-Basteiro, Alberto L., Geis, Steffen, Graham, Stephen M., Grandjean, Louis, Hannoun, Djohar, Hatherill, Mark, Hauri, Anja M., Hesseling, Anneke C., Hill, Philip C., Huang, Li-Min, Huerga, Helena, Hussain, Rabia, Jarlsberg, Leah, Jones-López, Edward C., Kato, Seiya, Kato-Maeda, Midori, Kampmann, Beate, Kirchner, H. Lester, Kritski, Afrânio, Lange, Christoph, Lee, Chih-Hsin, Lee, Li-Na, Lee, Meng-Rui, Lemos, Antonio Carlos, Lienhardt, Christian, Ling, Du-Lin, Liu, Qiao, Lo, Nathan C., Long, Richard, Lopez-Varela, Elisa, Lu, Peng, Magee, Matthew, Malone, LaShaunda L., Mandalakas, Anna M., Martinson, Neil A., Mazahir, Rufaida, Murray, Megan B., Netto, Eduardo Martins, Otero, Larissa, Parsonnet, Julie, Reingold, Arthur, Schaaf, H. Simon, Seddon, James A., Sharma, Surendra, Singh, Jitendra, Singh, Sarman, Sloot, Rosa, Sotgiu, Giovanni, Stein, Catherine M., Iqbal, Najeeha Talat, Triasih, Rina, Trieu, Lisa, van der Loeff, Maarten F Schim, Van der Stuyft, Patrick, van Schalkwyk, Cari, Vashishtha, Richa, Verhagen, Lilly M, Villalba, Julian A., Wang, Jann-Yuan, Whalen, Christopher C., Yoshiyama, Takashi, Zar, Heather J., Zellweger, Jean-Pierre, Zhu, Limei, Martinez, Leonardo, Cords, Olivia, Horsburgh, C Robert, and Andrews, Jason R

Published
2020
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32. Tuberculin skin test and Interferon-gamma release assay agreement, and associated factors with latent tuberculosis infection, in medical and nursing students in Bandung, Indonesia

Author

Apriani, Lika, primary, McAllister, Susan, additional, Sharples, Katrina, additional, Aini, Isni Nurul, additional, Nurhasanah, Hanifah, additional, Ratnaningsih, Dwi Febni, additional, Indrati, Agnes Rengga, additional, Ruslami, Rovina, additional, Alisjahbana, Bachti, additional, van Crevel, Reinout, additional, and Hill, Philip C., additional

Published
2024
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35. What is next for BCG revaccination to prevent tuberculosis?

Author

White, Richard G, primary, Fiore-Gartland, Andrew J, additional, Hanekom, Willem A, additional, Vekemans, Johan, additional, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, additional, Churchyard, Gavin, additional, Rangaka, Molebogeng X, additional, Frick, Mike, additional, Behr, Marcel A, additional, Hill, Philip C, additional, and Mave, Vidya, additional

Published
2024
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39. Effectiveness of preventive treatment among different age groups and Mycobacterium tuberculosisinfection status: a systematic review and individual-participant data meta-analysis of contact tracing studies

Author

Martinez, Leonardo, Seddon, James A, Horsburgh, C Robert, Lange, Christoph, Mandalakas, Anna M, Martinez, Leonardo, Seddon, James, Liu, Qiao, Acuna Villaorduna, Carlos, Bonnet, Maryline, Carvalho, Anna Cristina C., Chan, Pei-Chun, Hill, Philip C, Lopez-Varela, Elisa, Donkor, Simon, Graham, Stephen M., Villalba, Julian A., Grandjean, Louis, Zellweger, Jean-Pierre, Wang, Jann-Yuan, Verhagen, Lilly M, van Schalkwykn, Cari, van der Loeff, Maarten F Schim, Sloot, Rosa, Trieu, Lisa, Ahuja, Shama Desai, Yoshiyama, Takashi, Mazahir, Rufaida, Martinsonn, Neil A, Jones-López, Edward C., Altet, Neus, Kato, Seiya, Fang, Chi-Tai, Geis, Steffen, Hauri, Anja, Long, Richard, Dobler, Claudia C, Cayla, Joan A, Chakhaia, Tsira, Chen, Cheng, García-Basteiro, Alberto L., Triasih, Rina, Huang, Li-Min, Sharma, Surendra, Hannoun, Djohar, Malone, LaShaunda L., Ling, Du-Lin, Kritski, Afrânio, Stein, Catherine M., Malik, Amyn A, Augusto, Orvalho, Vashishtha, Richa, Boulahbal, Fadila, Boom, W. Henry, Shen, Ye, Hesseling, Anneke C, Horsburgh, C. Robert, Lange, Christoph, and Mandalakas, Anna M.

Abstract

Tuberculosis is a preventable disease. However, there is debate regarding which individuals would benefit most from tuberculosis preventive treatment and whether these benefits vary in settings with a high burden and low burden of tuberculosis. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of tuberculosis preventive treatment in exposed individuals of differing ages and Mycobacterium tuberculosisinfection status while considering tuberculosis burden of the settings.

Published
2024
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40. Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer in Ghana.

Author

Nartey, Yvonne, Amo‐Antwi, Kwabena, Hill, Philip C., Dassah, Edward T., Asmah, Richard H., Nyarko, Kofi M., Agambire, Ramatu, Konney, Thomas O., Yarney, Joel, Damale, Nelson, and Cox, Brian

Published
2024
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42. Tuberculous meningitis patient pathways and delays to diagnosis in Indonesia: a retrospective cohort study

Author

Nijman, Gerine, primary, Imran, Darma, additional, Dian, Sofiati, additional, Ganiem, Ahmad Rizal, additional, Estiasari, Riwanti, additional, Maharani, Kartika, additional, Yolanda, Raesa, additional, Supriatin, Mimin, additional, Alisjahbana, Bachti, additional, Lestari, Bony Wiem, additional, Hamers, Raph L, additional, Hill, Philip C, additional, and van Crevel, Reinout, additional

Published
2023
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43. Targeting innate immunity for tuberculosis vaccination

Author

Khader, Shabaana A., Divangahi, Maziar, Hanekom, Willem, Hill, Philip C., Maeurer, Markus, Makar, Karen W., Mayer-Barber, Katrin D., Mhlanga, Musa M., Nemes, Elisa, Schlesinger, Larry S., van Crevel, Reinout, Vankalayapati, Ramakrishna, Xavier, Ramnik J., Netea, Mihai G., and on behalf of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Collaboration for TB Vaccine Discovery Innate Immunity Working Group

Subjects
Antigens -- Health aspects, Tuberculosis vaccines -- Health aspects, Epigenetic inheritance -- Health aspects, Lymphocytes -- Health aspects, BCG -- Health aspects, Antitubercular agents -- Health aspects, Medical research -- Health aspects, Vaccination -- Health aspects, Epidemiology -- Health aspects, Immune response -- Health aspects, Tuberculosis -- Development and progression -- Health aspects, Killer cells, T cells, B cells, Future predictions, Health care industry
Abstract

Vaccine development against tuberculosis (TB) is based on the induction of adaptive immune responses endowed with long-term memory against mycobacterial antigens. Memory B and T cells initiate a rapid and robust immune response upon encounter with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, thus achieving long-lasting protection against infection. Recent studies have shown, however, that innate immune cell populations such as myeloid cells and NK cells also undergo functional adaptation after infection or vaccination, a de facto innate immune memory that is also termed trained immunity. Experimental and epidemiological data have shown that induction of trained immunity contributes to the beneficial heterologous effects of vaccines such as bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG), the licensed TB vaccine. Moreover, increasing evidence argues that trained immunity also contributes to the anti-TB effects of BCG vaccination. An interaction among immunological signals, metabolic rewiring, and epigenetic reprogramming underlies the molecular mechanisms mediating trained immunity in myeloid cells and their bone marrow progenitors. Future studies are warranted to explore the untapped potential of trained immunity to develop a future generation of TB vaccines that would combine innate and adaptive immune memory induction., Introduction Vaccination has made an enormous contribution to improving human and animal health over the last two centuries (1-6). Despite progress in developing vaccines against a large number of infections, [...]

Published
2019
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44. Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia in Children of Rural Areas of The Gambia, 2008-2015

Author

Odutola, Aderonke, Bottomley, Christian, Zaman, Syed A., Lindsay, Jodi, Shah, Muhammed, Hossain, Ilias, Ndiaye, Malick, Osuorah, Chidebere D.I., Olatunji, Yekini, Badji, Henry, Ikumapayi, Usman N.A., Manjang, Ahmad, Salaudeen, Rasheed, Ceesay, Lamin, Jasseh, Momodou, Adegbola, Richard A., Corrah, Tumani, Hill, Philip C., Greenwood, Brian M., and Mackenzie, Grant A.

Subjects
Staphylococcus aureus infections, Bacteremia, Pediatric diseases, Staphylococcus aureus, Blood tests, Meningitis, Pneumonia, Medical research, Epidemiology, Developing countries, Death, Rural areas, Intelligence gathering, Newborn infants, Infection, Children, Health
Abstract

In 2016, invasive bacterial diseases accounted for one quarter of the 5.6 million childhood deaths worldwide (1). Most invasive bacterial diseases occur in sub-Saharan Africa and other low- and middle-income [...]

Published
2019
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45. Infection with Helicobacter pylori is associated with protection against tuberculosis.

Author

Perry, Sharon, de Jong, Bouke C, Solnick, Jay V, de la Luz Sanchez, Maria, Yang, Shufang, Lin, Philana Ling, Hansen, Lori M, Talat, Najeeha, Hill, Philip C, Hussain, Rabia, Adegbola, Richard A, Flynn, Joanne, Canfield, Don, and Parsonnet, Julie

Subjects
Animals, Macaca fascicularis, Humans, Helicobacter pylori, Helicobacter Infections, Tuberculosis, Antibodies, Bacterial, Tuberculin Test, Analysis of Variance, Case-Control Studies, Cohort Studies, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Male, Interferon-gamma, Young Adult, and over, Antibodies, Bacterial, Preschool, General Science & Technology
Abstract

BackgroundHelicobacter pylori, a lifelong and typically asymptomatic infection of the stomach, profoundly alters gastric immune responses, and may benefit the host in protection against other pathogens. We explored the hypothesis that H. pylori contributes to the control of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Methodology/principal findingsWe first examined M. tuberculosis-specific IFN-gamma and H. pylori antibody responses in 339 healthy Northern Californians undergoing routine tuberculin skin testing. Of 97 subjects (29%) meeting criteria for latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI), 45 (46%) were H. pylori seropositive. Subjects with LTBI who were H. pylori-seropositive had 1.5-fold higher TB antigen-induced IFN-gamma responses (p = 0.04, ANOVA), and a more Th-1 like cytokine profile in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, compared to those who were H. pylori seronegative. To explore an association between H. pylori infection and clinical outcome of TB exposure, we evaluated H. pylori seroprevalence in baseline samples from two high risk TB case-contact cohorts, and from cynomolgus macaques experimentally challenged with M. tuberculosis. Compared to 513 household contacts who did not progress to active disease during a median 24 months follow-up, 120 prevalent TB cases were significantly less likely to be H. pylori infected (AOR: 0.55, 95% CI 0.0.36-0.83, p = 0.005), though seroprevalence was not significantly different from non-progressors in 37 incident TB cases (AOR: 1.35 [95% CI 0.63-2.9] p = 0.44). Cynomolgus macaques with natural H. pylori infection were significantly less likely to progress to TB 6 to 8 months after M. tuberculosis challenge (RR: 0.31 [95% CI 0.12-0.80], p = 0.04).Conclusions/significanceH. pylori infection may induce bystander effects that modify the risk of active TB in humans and non-human primates. That immunity to TB may be enhanced by exposure to other microbial agents may have important implications for vaccine development and disease control.

Published
2010

46. Invasive bacterial disease in young infants in rural Gambia: Population-based surveillance

Author

Olatunji, Yekini A, primary, Banjo, Adeshola A, additional, Jarde, Alexander, additional, Salaudeen, Rasheed, additional, Ndiaye, Malick, additional, Galega, Lobga B, additional, Odutola, Aderonke, additional, Hossain, Ilias M, additional, Osuorah, Chidiebere, additional, Sahito, Muhammad S, additional, Muhammad, Bilquees Shah, additional, Ikumapayi, Nurudeen U, additional, Drammeh, Momodou M, additional, Manjang, Ahmad, additional, Adegbola, Richard A, additional, Greenwood, Brian M, additional, Hill, Philip C, additional, and Grant, Mackenzie A, additional

Published
2023
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47. An aspiration to radically shorten phase 3 TB vaccine trials

Author

Hill, Philip C, primary, Cobelens, Frank, additional, Martinez, Leonardo, additional, Behr, Marcel A, additional, Churchyard, Gavin, additional, Evans, Tom, additional, Fiore-Gartland, Andrew J, additional, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, additional, Hanekom, Willem, additional, Rangaka, Molebogeng X, additional, Vekemans, Johan, additional, and White, Richard G, additional

Published
2023
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50. Impact of the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on pneumonia in The Gambia: population-based surveillance and case-control studies

Author

Mackenzie, Grant A, Hill, Philip C, Sahito, Shah M, Jeffries, David J, Hossain, Ilias, Bottomley, Christian, Uchendu, Uchendu, Ameh, David, Ndiaye, Malick, Osuorah, Chidebereh D, Adeyemi, Oyedeji, Pathirana, Jayani, Olatunji, Yekini, Abatan, Bade, Ahameefula, Ebirim, Muhammad, Bilquees S, Fombah, Augustin E, Saha, Debasish, Mackenzie, Roslyn, Plumb, Ian, Akano, Aliu, Ebruke, Bernard, Ideh, Readon C, Kuti, Bankole, Githua, Peter, Olutunde, Emmanuel, Ofordile, Ogochukwu, Green, Edward, Usuf, Effua, Badji, Henry, Ikumapayi, Usman N A, Manjang, Ahmad, Salaudeen, Rasheed, Nsekpong, E David, Jarju, Sheikh, Antonio, Martin, Sambou, Sana, Ceesay, Lamin, Lowe-Jallow, Yamundow, Sowe, Dawda, Jasseh, Momodou, Mulholland, Kim, Knoll, Maria, Levine, Orin S, Howie, Stephen R, Adegbola, Richard A, Greenwood, Brian M, and Corrah, Tumani

Published
2017
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