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Objectives: The study aimed to identify which surgical method will provide an easier initiation to tympanoplasty for young otolaryngology residents and which method will achieve more successful results. Patients and Methods: The files of 58 patients who underwent type 1 tympanoplasty were retrospectively reviewed between September 2020 and September 2021. Patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical procedure as the microscopic (MT) and the endoscopic (ET) group. The ET group included 30 patients (16 females, 14 males; median age: 36.5 years range, 18 to 56 years), and the MT group included 28 patients (15 males, 13 females; median age: 29.5 years; range, 18 to 52 years). The two groups were compared in terms of pre- and postoperative audiometry results and graft success rates. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of pre- and postoperative air-bone conduction pure tone averages and air-bone gap (p>0.05). Air-bone gap gain was 13 dB in the ET group and 9.42 dB in the MT group, and this difference was statistically significant (p0.05). Conclusion: Although the air-bone gap gain was better in the ET group in our study, it can be said that this difference was clinically negligible. We believe that conducting such a study with more surgeons and surgical cases may guide the otolaryngology residents to start type 1 tympanoplasty surgery.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the role of ischemia-modified albumin and thiol/disulfide hemostasis in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL). Patients and Methods: This prospective study was conducted with volunteers diagnosed with ISSNHL and healthy individuals between November 2018 and June 2019. The study group included 46 patients (27 males, 19 females; mean age: 42.4±12.3 years; range, 18 to 69 years), and the control group included 41 healthy individuals (25 males, 16 females; mean age: 37.8±11.7 years; range, 18 to 65 years). Serum thiol, disulfide, and ischemia-modified albumin were calculated in ISSNHL patients and control groups. The relationship between prognostic factors of disease and blood values was investigated. Results: The native thiol/total thiol ratio was significantly higher in the control group. Disulfide levels, disulfide/native thiol ratio, and disulfide/total thiol ratio were significantly higher in the patient group. Conclusion: Oxidative stress that is not balanced by an adequate antioxidant defense may play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of ISSNHL.

Objective: Sudden idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss (SISHL) is defined as an audiological emergency and although many studies have been conducted on the factors affecting prognosis, there is no consensus yet. The aim of this study is to analyze the prognostic value of clinical and audiological factors in patients with SISHL.Patients and Methods: The data of 210 patients, 118 male and 92 female, who were treated for SISHL, were analyzed retrospectively. Demographic data, audiometry findings, additional symptoms and diseases of the patients were recorded. Degree of hearing loss; were classified as mild (26-40 dB), moderate (41-55 dB), moderate-severe (56-70 dB), severe (71-90 dB) and deep (> 90 dB) according to pure tone audiometry test. The type of hearing loss was determined as descending type, ascending type, midfrequency type and flat type. The patients were divided into three groups as those who started treatment in the first 3 days, between 3-10 days and after 10 days. The effects of age, gender, audiometric findings, additional symptoms and diseases on pre-treatment hearing level, post-treatment hearing level and hearing gain levels were evaluated.Results: The median age of the patients was 46.0 (18.0) years. The most common flat audiogram (54.8%) was seen in the patients. It was observed that patients with flat type audiograms had more hearing loss and less hearing gain. It was determined that hearing gain was higher in patients with severe hearing loss (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the pre-treatment and post-treatment hearing levels (p; 0.051 and 0.409, respectively) according to the treatment initiation time, but there was a significant difference in the hearing gain levels (p = 0.005). In patients who started treatment in the first 3 days, the gain was higher than those who started after 4-10 days and 10 days. It was observed that there was no significant difference in pre-treatment and post-treatment hearing levels and hearing gain levels according to gender, affected ear direction, additional findings and presence of diseases.Conclusion: Early initiation of treatment was found to be the most important prognostic factor in SISHL. Raising public awareness for early diagnosis and treatment will reduce the sequelae that may occur due to SISHL., Amaç: Ani idiyopatik sensörinöral işitme kaybı (AİSNİK) odyolojik acil bir durum olarak tanımlanır. AİSNİK’te prognozu etkileyen faktörlerle ilgili pek çok çalışma yapılmış olmasına rağmen henüz fikir birliği yoktur. Bu çalışmanın amacı AİSNİK olan hastalarda klinik ve odyolojik faktörlerin prognostik değerinin analiz edilmesidir.Hastalar ve Yöntem: AİSNİK nedeniyle tedavi edilen 118’i erkek, 92’si kadın 210 hastanın verileri retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastaların demografik verileri, odyometri bulguları, ek semptom ve hastalıkları kaydedildi. İşitme kaybının derecesi; saf ses odyometri testine göre hafif (26-40 dB), orta (41-55 dB), orta-şiddetli (56-70 dB), şiddetli (71-90 dB) ve derin (> 90 dB) olarak sınıflandırıldı. İşitme kaybının şekli saf ses odyometri testine göre inen tip, çıkan tip, çanak tip ve düz tip olarak belirlendi. Hastaların tedaviye başlama zamanına göre ilk 3 günde, 3-10 gün arası ve 10 günden sonra olacak şekilde üç gruba ayrıldı. Yaş, cinsiyet, odyometrik bulgular, ek semptom ve hastalıkların; tedavi öncesi ve tedavi sonrası işitme seviyesi ile işitme kazanç seviyesi üzerine etkileri değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Hastaların yaşlarının medyan değeri 46.0 (18.0) yıl idi. Odyometrini tipine göre en sık düz tip odyogram (%54.8) olduğu görüldü. Düz tip odyogramlara sahip hastalarda işitme kaybı seviyesi daha yüksek iken işitme kazançlarının daha az olduğu tespit edildi. Şiddetli işitme kaybı olan hastalarda işitme kazancının daha fazla olduğu belirlendi (p < 0.05). Tedaviye başlama sürelerine göre tedavi öncesi ve tedavi sonrası işitme seviyelerinde anlamlı fark yoktu (sırasıyla p; 0.051 ve 0.409) ancak işitme kazanç seviyelerinde anlamlı fark olduğu tespit edildi (p = 0.005). İlk 3 günde tedaviye başlanan hastalarda işitme kazanç seviyesi 4-10 gün ve 10 günden sonra başlananlara göre daha fazla idi. Hastalarda cinsiyet, etkilenen kulak yönü, ek bulgu ve hastalıkların varlığına göre tedavi öncesi ve tedavi sonrası işitme seviyeleri ile işitme kazanç seviyelerinde anlamlı fark olmadığı görüldü. Sonuç: Tedaviye erken başlamanın AİSNİK’te en önemli prognostik faktör olduğu görüldü. İşitme kayıplarında erken tanı ve tedavi için toplumun bilinçlendirilmesi AİSNİK nedeni ile oluşmuş sekelleri azaltacaktır.

Objective We aimed to reveal whether there is nasal involvement by examining the Nasal Mucociliary Clearance (NMC) and the relationship between this activity and disease severity in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients. Methods In this prospective study, NMC time, disease activity (Disease Activity Score 28) and blood parameters of RA patients (n = 87) were investigated and compared with the healthy control group (n = 50). In addition, the relationship between DAS 28 and NMC was investigated. Results The mean NMC of the RA group was 9.51 ± 3.54 min, the mean NMC of the control group was 8.69 ± 2.85 min, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. There was no correlation between NMC and disease duration, and DAS 28. The mean NMC of the RA patients with Anti Cyclic Citrulled Peptide (Anti-CCP) positive was significantly higher than the negative ones. Conclusion Although there was no significant difference in NMC values between the RA and control group, the NMC of the Anti-CCP positive patients was higher. Level of evidence Level 2.

PubMed ID: 31129457 Objectives: To investigate the changes in the risk factors affecting the results of the Newborn Hearing Screening (NHS) and the hearing test results of the Syrian refugees in our city. Methods: Syrian and Turkish newborns, born in our hospital between 01.01.2016 and 31.12.2017 and referred to our hospital from environmental hospitals for NHS, were included in this study. NHS results and risk factors were analyzed. Results: 786 Syrian and 7230 Turkish newborns were included in this study. 53 (6,74%) infants referred in both ears, 26 (3,30%) infants in the one ear. There was a significant relationship between the presence of hearing loss and the history of intensive care unit admittance, presence and absence of low birth weight and neonatal icterus at Syrian newborns. In the same period, 20 (0,3%) Turkish infants referred bilaterally and 45 (0,6%) newborns unilaterally (25 right ear, 20 left ear). There was a significant difference between Turkish and Syrian newborns in terms of very low and low birth weight and intensive care unit admittance. Conclusions: The rate of hearing loss in Syrian refugee patients is quite high. Pregnant refugee women who are forced to migrate because of war face many risk factors and these people need to be included into the newborn hearing screening programs in the country where they took refuge in. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.

Lipomlar vücudun her yerinde görülebilen benign mezenkimal tümörlerdir. Lipomların %25'i baş-boyun bölgesinde görülür ve bunların çoğu posterior servikal üçgende yerleşir. On cm'den daha uzun veya 1000 gramdan daha ağır olan lipomlara dev lipom denir. Servikotorasik lipomlar oldukça nadirdir ve şu ana kadar literatürde dört olgu bildirilmiştir. Bu raporda biz, orta juguler üçgenden başlayıp ön servikal üçgene ve mediastinuma uzanan dev bir lipomun torakotomi yapılmadan başarılı bir şekilde eksizyonunu sunduk., Lipomas are benign mesenchymal tumors that can be observed all over the body. In total, 25% of lipomas are observed in the head and neck region, and most of them are located in the posterior cervical triangle. Lipomas that are greater than 10 cm in width or more than 1000 g in weight are called giant tumors. Cervico–thoracic lipomas are extremely rare, and only four cases have been reported in the English literature. We report successful surgical excision of a giant lipoma, which started from middle-anterior cervical region covered the anterior cervical triangle, and extended to the mediastinum, without thoracotomy.

Transnasal penetrating brain injuries are rare and a medical emergency, which needs to be treated promptly. A 4-year-old male patient was brought to our emergency room with a knife sticking out of his nose. The patient was immediately taken to the operating room and the knife was removed under general anesthesia. No cerebrospinal fluid leakage or any bleeding was seen and so the operation was terminated. The authors herein report a penetrating brain trauma through to the cella turcica with a knife that improved without any sequelae at a child.

WOS:000365356700012, PubMed ID: 29391978, Baş-boyun bölgesinden kaynaklanan dermoid kistler nadir, yavaş büyüyen ve iyi sınırlı benign tümörlerdir. Semptomları, özgün değildir, genellikle lezyonun boyutu ve bulunduğu yere bağlıdır. Epiglottan kaynaklı dermoid kist son derece nadirdir. Bilgimiz dahilinde, İngilizce literatürde sadece bir olgu rapor edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, epiglottan kaynaklanan bir dermoid kist olgusu çok nadir bir klinik durum olarak sunulmuştur. Hastalığın karakteristikleri, ayırıcı tanısı ve tedavi yöntemleri özetlenmiştir., Dermoid cysts arising from the head and neck region are rare, slow-growing, and well-circumscribed neoplasms. Symptoms are non-specific and usually related to the size and the location of the lesion. A dermoid cyst of the epiglottis is extremely rare. To the best of our knowledge, only one case has been previously reported in the English literature. In this study, a case of a dermoid cyst arising from the epiglottis was presented as an extremely rare clinical condition. The characteristics, differential diagnosis, and treatment of the disease are summarized.

The purpose of this study is to determine the aspects of leadership behavior required by the Law of National Education Directorates and to reveal the extent of their practice within the boundaries of Sivas in individuals, and in Turkey in general. Data were collected through document analysis and interviews. To impart the aspects of leadership required by the LNED, each article in the law is classified by the researchers with regards to six aspects of leadership: visionary, instructional, organizational, collaborative, ethical and political leadership. To determine the extent to which the law is practiced, an interview form has been applied to 35 people, including 7 Assistant Directors of Local Education, 11 Primary Education Inspectors, 10 Principals in the center of Sivas province, and 7 Ministry inspectors who were in charge in Sivas when the study had been done. Furthermore, to determine the extent to which the aspects of leadership behavior identified by the law are practiced, two findings are synthesized; in this way the extent of practice of leadership behaviors that are specified as the areas of service in the law is disclosed. It is revealed that it is not appropriate for the authorities who practice the LNED to demonstrate the overall aspects of leadership, and it is also understood that the “organizational leadership” aspect is primarily required. It is also seen that in the practice of the law, the services of education, budget investment, research planning statistics and civil defense, are areas of service that are performed relatively less often. Furthermore, in Turkey in general all services mentioned in the law are hardly performed; therefore, indeed, even “organizational leadership” is not practiced enough. The LNED does not allow the education authorities of big cities and districts to be leaders.