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Despite advancements in occupational health and safety (OHS) management, high-risk industries in China continue to report a significant number of fatal accidents, underscoring systemic challenges in protecting the well-being of workers while supporting economic development. This study analyzed 22 years of historical data on OHS incidents, labor dynamics, and economic growth in China's high-risk industries via multiple regression and network analysis methods. The findings reveal hierarchical influence relationships, with coal mine fatalities emerging as critical upstream factors and transportation fatalities and national labor force dynamics emerging as key downstream factors. Notably, the study reveals a negative correlation between GDP and fatal workplace incidents: for every 0.461 trillion CNY increase in GDP, production safety accident deaths decrease by one. Conversely, each safety accident resulted in 1.052 coal mine fatalities and 0.153 cases of occupational disease. These results offer a novel quantitative perspective on the interplay between economic growth and workplace safety. The study's models provide practical guidance for enhancing the effectiveness of OHS prevention and control efforts, contributing to sustainable economic and public health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to establish an occupational disease surveillance system by identifying high-risk industries for silicosis in Taiwan using a national database linkage approach. The study was based on a comprehensive analysis of benefit claims from the National Labor Insurance Research Database and medical records from the National Health Insurance Research Database between 2004 and 2020, providing coverage for more than 88.5% of the workforce and 99.9% of citizens. Silicosis was defined as having received compensation for labor insurance benefits or having received a diagnosis of silicosis (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision : J62 or International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision : 502). The study used the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities for industry-specific classification. Cox proportional hazard models were used to compare the silicosis incidence and risk among each industry and identify high-risk industries for silicosis. This study analyzed 1466 cases of silicosis between 2004 and 2020 and found that 28 industries had incidence rates of over 40 cases per 100,000 workers, indicating more than double the risk of developing silicosis. Of these industries, 14 were considered high risk (relative risk of over four times). Among these, this study identified industries rarely mentioned in the past, such as wholesale of brick, sand, cement, and products, artistic creation, landscape construction, and materials recovery. Stratification by years of work experience reveals those industries such as quarrying of stone, sand, clay, and other mining, construction of buildings, landscape construction, site preparation, foundation and structure construction, building completion and finishing, manufacture of ships, boats, and floating structures, and plumbing, heat, and air conditioning installation display higher hazard ratios for individuals with <10 years of work experience. The current surveillance system has identified certain industries that are at a higher risk of developing silicosis, which could be used for future occupational epidemiological surveys and targeted preventive measures in these sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a comprehensive review of the safety status and technological development in high-risk industries, with a focus on construction, mining, agriculture, transportation, healthcare, and energy sectors. The objective is to analyse and compare the current safety practices, challenges, and advancements in these industries to identify common trends, knowledge gaps, and potential areas for improvement. The review explores the incidence of accidents, associated costs, traditional safety methods, limitations, and emerging technologies employed to enhance safety across multiple industries. This review aims to provide insights and lessons that can be applied to enhance safety practices in the construction industry. The findings highlight the critical role of technological advancements in mitigating risks and fostering a culture of safety across diverse sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This article provides a critical review of the current studies in VR-based health and safety training, assessment techniques, training evaluation, and its potential to improve the training evaluation outcomes in various high-risk engineering industries. The results of this analysis indicate the breadth of VR-based applications in training users on a combination of topics including risk assessment, machinery, and/or process operation in various industries. Data showed that the use of fully immersive VR increased significantly due to the improvements in hardware, display resolution, and affordability. Most of the articles used external assessment to measure the changes in the satisfaction and the declarative knowledge of trainees as these are easier to implement, while some articles started to implement internal assessment that provides an automated assessment capable of measuring complex skills. The results of the study also suggest that it has the potential to improve the training evaluation outcomes compared to traditional training methods. The findings from this study help practitioners and safety managers by providing a training design framework that may be adopted to optimise the condition of a VR-based training.

The rate of industrial accidents in Korea is two to three times higher than those in advanced countries such as Germany. These accidents are mainly concentrated in high-risk industrial areas. Using the ninth wave of the Occupational Safety and Health Company Survey by the Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute (OSHRI), we analyzed the influence of corporate culture on the occurrence of occupational accidents in high-risk industries using negative binomial regression. We found that older workers and foreign workers had a positive effect on the accident rate, while female workers had a negative effect on the accident rate. In addition, it was found that the health and safety management organization also reduced occupational accidents. Corporate culture and workplace environment significantly reduced industrial accidents among workers. This suggests that internal elements of an organization such as corporate culture and working environment can have an impact in reducing the occurrence of industrial accidents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to external regulations and limited resources, micro and small enterprises' (MSEs) work safety behavior in China's high-risk industries is passive behavior under constraints. Based on stakeholder theory, this paper describes the attributes and behavior rules of MSEs, the government safety supervision department and work safety service agencies using the agent-based simulation methods. We construct an evolution model to study this behavior. The software platform Netlogo is used for simulation exercises. Under the four factors of enterprise work safety resource strength, government supervision, government subsidies, and organization service level, the evolution of MSEs' work safety behavior in high-risk industries is simulated and the results are discussed. It further reveals internal and external drivers of work safety of MSEs in high-risk industries, strengthens the scientific supervision and effective support of government safety supervision departments, and improves work safety service quality of service agencies multi-dimensionally. Plain English Summary: In recent years, the input of work safety of MSEs is rather limited, and owners with decision-making power have a visual attitude towards work safety. "Accident occurrence-Inspection and rectification-Shutdown" has become government's usual practice in handling accidents in China, and it is difficult for control measures to address accidents at the source. Local government provides insufficient subsidies. The service level of work safety service agencies is low. Combined with internal resources and external constraints, this paper describes the interaction process of MSEs' work safety behavior in high-risk industries and constructs an evolution model to study it, based on agent-based simulation methods. The research results are follows. MSEs in high-risk industries need to improve their work safety resources, increase their investment in work safety, and progressively develop their awareness of independent work safety behavior. Government safety supervision departments need to strengthen supervision of MSEs and control penalty levels. MSEs can then gain more work safety benefits and develop internal drivers to implement work safety actively. For those companies who have intentions to pursue work safety behavior but lack funds, a service subsidy from local government will provide essential support. Given improvement of service levels from work safety service agencies, MSEs will purchase high-level work safety services and acquire more professional technical services to help them meet government standards. Thus, the results are conducive to the transformation of MSEs from passive restraint behavior to active work safety behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a comprehensive review of the safety status and technological development in high-risk industries, with a focus on construction, mining, agriculture, transportation, healthcare, and energy sectors. The objective is to analyse and compare the current safety practices, challenges, and advancements in these industries to identify common trends, knowledge gaps, and potential areas for improvement. The review explores the incidence of accidents, associated costs, traditional safety methods, limitations, and emerging technologies employed to enhance safety across multiple industries. This review aims to provide insights and lessons that can be applied to enhance safety practices in the construction industry. The findings highlight the critical role of technological advancements in mitigating risks and fostering a culture of safety across diverse sectors.

This article provides a critical review of the current studies in VR-based health and safety training, assessment techniques, training evaluation, and its potential to improve the training evaluation outcomes in various high-risk engineering industries. The results of this analysis indicate the breadth of VR-based applications in training users on a combination of topics including risk assessment, machinery, and/or process operation in various industries. Data showed that the use of fully immersive VR increased significantly due to the improvements in hardware, display resolution, and affordability. Most of the articles used external assessment to measure the changes in the satisfaction and the declarative knowledge of trainees as these are easier to implement, while some articles started to implement internal assessment that provides an automated assessment capable of measuring complex skills. The results of the study also suggest that it has the potential to improve the training evaluation outcomes compared to traditional training methods. The findings from this study help practitioners and safety managers by providing a training design framework that may be adopted to optimise the condition of a VR-based training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the limited work safety resources and the poor awareness of work safety from business owners with absolute decision-making power, safety accidents frequently occur in Chinese micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in high-risk industries. This study identifies the influencing factors of work safety behavior from MSEs, government safety supervision departments, and work safety service agencies. Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the mechanism model of work safety behavior is built from the aspects of behavior attitude, subjective norms, behavior control cognition, past behaviors, and risk awareness of the enterprise. Based on the interview with nearly 600 MSEs in the east of China over 6 months, the results show that the work safety awareness of the business owner determines the work safety lever of the enterprise, and the work safety behavior of MSEs is a passive restraint behavior. Our findings provide a new perspective on the formation of MSEs' work safety behavior in high-risk industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the limited work safety resources and the poor awareness of work safety from business owners with absolute decision-making power, safety accidents frequently occur in Chinese micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in high-risk industries. This study identifies the influencing factors of work safety behavior from MSEs, government safety supervision departments, and work safety service agencies. Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the mechanism model of work safety behavior is built from the aspects of behavior attitude, subjective norms, behavior control cognition, past behaviors, and risk awareness of the enterprise. Based on the interview with nearly 600 MSEs in the east of China over 6 months, the results show that the work safety awareness of the business owner determines the work safety lever of the enterprise, and the work safety behavior of MSEs is a passive restraint behavior. Our findings provide a new perspective on the formation of MSEs’ work safety behavior in high-risk industries.

• Leadership for safety is an organizationally embedded influence process. • Leadership for safety must engage stability/flexibility tensions. • Stability/flexibility tensions co-evolve at different organizational levels. • Tensions are resolved through the creation and maintenance of an adaptive space. Despite substantial advancements in ensuring safety, high-risk and highly regulated organizations have not been immune to major life-threatening accidents. Growing evidence indicates that these accidents are not solely attributable to the limitations of technical barriers, but rather to the complex interactions among technical, human, and organizational factors. While both the literature and regulatory frameworks have acknowledged the role of leadership in addressing this complexity, traditional views of leadership for safety tend to focus on individual abilities to achieve safety objectives, overlooking its processual and organizationally embedded nature needed to deal with complexity. To address this gap, we draw upon Complexity Leadership Theory, which helps to embrace tensions stemming from complexity. Through a qualitative study based on an international and interdisciplinary workshop on leadership for safety in the nuclear sector, we develop a conceptual framework of organizationally embedded and dynamic tensions that leaders must engage with to enhance safety. Our results contribute to leadership for safety by explaining the embeddedness of this complex process and providing a more nuanced analysis of tensions at multiple levels and their interrelations. We also enrich the Complexity Leadership Theory by going beyond portraying different logics, mechanisms, or processes as irreconcilable polar extremes. By delving into dimensions of complexity related to leadership for safety, our framework provides new insights that can inform more nuanced safety policies and regulations in high-risk and highly regulated environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Civil aviation is a high-risk industry where actors are experiencing increasing focus on economic performance, greater international competition, and growing safety threats that require continual organizational adjustments. In this article, we present the findings of a case study conducted within the Norwegian national air traffic management organization—Avinor, in preparation for a major reorganization initiative. In this study, we mapped the aggregated readiness and positioning for organizational change in the three main air traffic control centers in Norway using a mixed-method approach to person–environment Fit to help organizational leaders better understand each unit's positioning for change, and more specifically, individual preferences for change styles. The results suggest that participants at the different air traffic control centers had developed distinctly different change preferences at both the group and individual levels, and that each was distinctly different from the other units in their positioning and readiness for change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rate of industrial accidents in Korea is two to three times higher than those in advanced countries such as Germany. These accidents are mainly concentrated in high-risk industrial areas. Using the ninth wave of the Occupational Safety and Health Company Survey by the Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute (OSHRI), we analyzed the influence of corporate culture on the occurrence of occupational accidents in high-risk industries using negative binomial regression. We found that older workers and foreign workers had a positive effect on the accident rate, while female workers had a negative effect on the accident rate. In addition, it was found that the health and safety management organization also reduced occupational accidents. Corporate culture and workplace environment significantly reduced industrial accidents among workers. This suggests that internal elements of an organization such as corporate culture and working environment can have an impact in reducing the occurrence of industrial accidents.

Introduction This paper expands the analogy between motor racing team pit stops and patient handovers. Previous studies demonstrated how the handover of patients following surgery could be improved by learning from a motor racing team. This has been extended to include contributions from several motor racing teams, and by examining transfers at several different interfaces at a non-specialist UK teaching hospital. Methods Letters of invitation were sent to the technical managers of nine Formula 1 motor racing teams. Semistructured interviews were carried out at a UK teaching hospital with 10 clinical staff involved in the handover of patients from surgery to recovery and intensive care. Results Three themes emerged from the motor racing responses; (1) proactive learning with briefings and checklists to prevent errors; (2) active management using technology to transfer information, and (3) post hoc learning from the storage and analysis of electronic data records. The eight healthcare themes were: historical working practice; problems during transfer; poor awareness of handover protocols; poor team coordination; time pressure; lack of consistency in handover practice; poor communication of important information; and awareness that handover was a potential threat to patient safety. Conclusions The lessons from motor racing can be applied to healthcare for proactive planning, active management and post hoc learning. Other high-risk industries see standardisation of working practices, interpersonal communication, consistency and continuous development as fundamental for success. The application of these concepts would result in improvements in the quality and safety of the patient handover process. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The development of human resources and especially the training of problem-solving skills and teamwork are essential in high-risk environments. Personnel must be able to cope with rarely occurring yet dangerous incidents. Training should be domain-specific and based on the analysis of required skills. Our analysis will address "general problem-solving skills" of the anesthetist. Anesthetists work in complex environments under stressful conditions: intransparency, dynamic decision-making and uncertainty. Problem-solving in the operating rooms also demands cognitive and interpersonal skills in addition to the technical skills. This paper inquires into exactly which skills are seen as important for effective incident management by expert anesthetists. Data for our multi-method analysis were collected through observations done in the operating room, expert interviews (n=3), questionnaire (n=38), and expert hearing (n=5 anesthesia instructors). Results show that vital skills required in incident management during anesthesia involve appropriate organization in the course of action (goal-setting, planning, decision-making and an ongoing evaluation), team interaction, and the use of heuristics. Subjects refer to skills that enable them to maintain an overview of the situation, to concoct simple linear plans, and to work together as a team. Of the data sources used, qualitative and narrative approaches (interviews, open items in questionnaires) yielded the most substantial insights regarding skills needed for problem-solving. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0303115

Safety, effectiveness and efficiency are keys to performance in all high-risk industries; healthcare is no exception, and neonatal-perinatal medicine is one of the highest risk subspecialties within healthcare. Briefing, simulation and debriefing are methods used by professionals in high-risk industries to reduce the overall risk to life and enhance the safety of the human beings involved in receiving and delivering the services provided by those industries. Although relatively new to neonatal-perinatal medicine, briefing, simulation and debriefing are being practiced with increasing frequency and have become embedded in training exercises such as the Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). This chapter will define these terms and offer examples as to how they are used in high-risk activities including neonatal-perinatal medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the author discusses the study of K. Pidd and colleagues regarding drug and drinking consumption in the work-place in Australia. The author says that the study used secondary data from the National Drug Strategy Household survey. According to the study, professionals and managers have higher chances of engaging in alcohol use at work. He adds that alcohol and drug use at workplace offer possible impacts on productivity and safety particularly in the hospitality industry.