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Clinical phenotype, autoantibody profile and HLA-DR-type in Vietnamese patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies

AIM: This work is aimed to describe anatomical features and variants of the prostatic artery (PA) using digital subtraction angiography (DSA). METHODS: This is a descriptive statistic study. We reviewed the DSA of 348 patients, who had a PA embolisation to reduce the benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) symptoms at Radiology Department of Bach Mai Hospital from Oct – 2014 to Oct – 2018. RESULTS: PA was found at 660 pelvic halves, of which 30 pelvic halves (4.5%) had two PAs, 630 pelvic halves had one PA. In terms of the origin of PA, in total 690 PAs, the percentage of type 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 was successively 33.9%, 13.9%, 18.3%, 23.9% and 10.4%, respectively. Atherosclerosis of PA observed in 20.9%. The ‘corkscrew’ pattern was found in 30.4%. The average diameter of PA was 1.5 ± 0.34mm. The anastomosis of PA with surrounding arteries was common. PA may supply rectum (6.1%), seminal vesical (9.6%), bladder (5.2%), contralateral prostatic parenchyma (13.0%), surrounding soft-tissues (3.5%). CONCLUSION: The common trunk with SVA superior vesical artery was the most common origin of PA. Anastomoses of PA with surrounding tissues were complex.

Background: This work is aimed to describe anatomical features and variants of prostatic artery (PA) using digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Methods: This is a descriptive statistic study. We reviewed the DSA of 348 patients, which had a PA embolization to reduce the benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) symptoms at Radiology Department of Bach Mai Hospital from Oct – 2014 to Oct – 2018. Results: PA was found at 660 pelvic halves, of which 30 pelvic halves (4.5%) had two PAs, 630 pelvic halves had one PA. In terms of origin of PA, in total 690 PAs, the percentage of type 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 was successively 33.9%, 13.9%, 18.3%, 23.9%, 10.4% respectively. Atherosclerosis of PA observed in 20.9%.The `corkscrew' pattern was found in 30.4%. The average diameter of PA was 1.5 ± 0.34mm. Anastomosis of PA with surrounding arteries is common. PA may supply rectum (6.1%), seminal vesical (9.6%), bladder (5.2%), contralateral prostatic parenchyma (13.0%), surrounding soft - tissues (3.5%). Conclusion: The common trunk with SVA superior vesical artery was the most common origin of PA. Anatomosis of PA with surrounding tissues was complex

Bac Lieu province, a low-lying coastal province in the Ca Mau peninsula of the Mekong River Delta (MRD) of Vietnam, is recognized as an area strongly affected by sea-level rise (SLR) accompanying global climate change. SLR will aggravate inundation and salinity intrusion and hence exert a strong influence on agriculture and aquaculture production in the province. The study presented in this chapter aims to quantify the impacts of SLR on agriculture in this province and to propose adaptive options. The 'Vietnam River Systems and Plains' (VRSAP) model was used for simulation of water level, flow and salinity in the canal network of the MRD for 3 years of low, average and high water volume from upstream of the MRD and different levels of SLR (12, 17, 30, 50 and 75 cm). Under present sea level conditions, the western part of the province faces the highest flooding risk in October during the rainy season. In the dry season, salinity is high in the western part where farmers grow brackish water shrimp, while it is low in the eastern part where rice is grown. The inundation depth increases with the level of the SLR. For SLR less than 30 cm, salinity is expected to decrease slightly due to more fresh water from the Bassac River. When SLR is higher than 30 cm, salinity in the eastern part will also increase because the saline water intrudes into freshwater intake canals along the Bassac River. In the near future, adjustment of the cropping calendar as well as the operations of existing water control structures will be required. In the distant future, additional structures will be needed to cope with aggravated inundation and salinity.

Despite efforts to close the gender gap in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM), disparities still exist, especially in math intensive STEM (MISTEM) majors. Females and males receive similar academic preparation and overall, perform similarly, yet females continue to enroll in STEM majors less frequently than men. In examining academic preparation, most research considers performance measures individually, ignoring the possible interrelationships between these measures. We address this problem by using hierarchical agglomerative clustering – a statistical technique which allows for identifying groups (i.e., clusters) of students who are similar in multiple factors. We first apply this technique to readily available institutional data to determine if we could identify distinct groups. Results illustrated that it was possible to identify nine unique groups. We then examined differences in STEM enrollment by group and by gender. We found that the proportion of females differed by group, and the gap between males and females also varied by group. Overall, males enrolled in STEM at a higher proportion than females and did so regardless of the strength of their academic preparation. Our results provide a novel yet feasible approach to examining gender differences in STEM enrollment in postsecondary education.