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Background: Superficial fungal foot infection is an infectious disease caused by dermatophyte, Candida spp., and mold. Risk factors are thought due to poor personal hygiene, frequent used of closed shoes, and high physical activity. Purpose: Investigate the profile and the risk factors of superficial fungal foot infections in military students. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Inclusion criteria for this study were navy military students with lesions on their feet. Result: This study involved 194 students as the populations with 97 students as the sample of the study. The average age were 17-25 years old, and male students being the major. Erythema and scale were found in the plantar and interdigital pedis. Students with good personal hygiene were 81 students among 97 students (83,5%). Wearing closed shoes for > 8 hours were found in 72 students among 97 students (74.2%). Most of the students exhibit a high physical activity with an average score of 26,880 MET minutes/week. Positive KOH 20% and cultures were found in 30 students (30.9%). Negative KOH 20% and positive culture were found in 27 students (27.8%). Positive KOH 20% and negative cultures were found in 9 students (9.3%). Negative KOH 20% and negative fungal culture results were found in 31 students (31,9%). Mold was the predominant fungal type. Conclusion: The students had good personal hygiene. The average wears closed shoes for >8 hours. Mold was the predominant fungal type in this study.

Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer and can cause local tissue damage. BCC can occur in all populations, regardless of skin color. Dermoscopy has compatibility with histopathology in determining the benign or malignant nature of a lesion. Dermoscopy can improve the diagnostic accuracy of BCC by >90%, with 7 parameters that can be found: arborizing vessels, blue-gray ovoid nests, blue-gray dots/globules, maple leaf-like areas, spoke-wheel areas, ulceration, and hiny white areas. Purpose: To assess the compatibility of each dermoscopy parameter with its corresponding histopathological parameters. Methods: Observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach was performed. Dermoscopy parameters were obtained by reassessing all photographs, while histopathological parameters were obtained from pre-existing slide reviews. Cohen's Kappa test was performed to analyze both variables. Result: A Total of 26 samples met the inclusion criteria. Most BCCs were found in female sex (65.4%), age >50 years (80.8%), and facial location (88.5%). Cohen's Kappa test was significant in 2 out of 7 dermoscopy parameters: "blue-gray ovoid nests" (p = 0.0019; r = 0.458) and "spoke wheel areas" (p = 0.037; r = 0.371). The “shiny white areas” parameter could not be analyzed because there was no negative variation in the examination. The possibility of false positives and negatives could not be ruled out. Conclusion: Significance between the two variables is found in 28.6% of the 7 parameters analyzed...

Background: Adamantiades–Behçet is a genetically determined disorder with a probable environmental triggering factor and is an inflammatory disease representing vasculitis. Chronic relapsing progressive course, Dapson prevents problems in other organs. Case Report: A 31-year-old woman with chief complaints of a progressive painful ulcer on her genitalia in the last month, covered by pus and with a bad odor, and also recurrent tongue sores that healed spontaneously. Multiple partner sexual intercourse, joint pain, and an eye complaint were denied. Her husband has no history of previous sexually transmitted diseases. The labia majora region showed a solitary ulcer, sharply marginated, and covered with pus. The Haemophilus ducreyi, pathergy, VDRL, TPHA, and rapid test HIV all came back negative. Enterococcus faecalis, found in bacterial culture, is sensitive to Penicillin and glycopeptide. Histopathologically recited vasculitis with thrombus in the blood vessel marks Behcet disease. The patient was given Mefenamic Acid (3x500mg), doxycicline (2x100 mg), and a wet dressing. The ulcer decreased in size after 3 weeks of treatment. Discussion: Adamantiades-Behçett disease is characterized by chronic, recurrent oral aphthous ulcers, genital ulcers, skin lesions, ocular lesions, and arthritis or arthropathy. Viral and bacterial infections have been implicated in initiating immunopathologic pathways. The pathergy test is pathognomonic, but it is not specific and often gives a negative result. Histopathological examination is still the best option to establish the diagnosis.

Background: Vitiligo is a long-term autoimmune disorder marked by the loss of melanocytes and the formation of white macules. Vitiligo can have an impact on the patient's look and quality of life. The Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) is a questionnaire that analyzes the quality of life of skin patients in general, but it is not disease-specific. To assess the quality of life of vitiligo patients in Indonesia, a disease-specific instrument is required. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the validity and reliability of the Vitiligo Quality of Life (VitiQol) questionnaire in Indonesia and translate the VitiQol questionnaire into Indonesian. Methods: Using cross-sectional analytic observation, this study was performed on 39 participants with vitiligo at Dr. Soetomo Surabaya between December 2021 and January 2022. The investigation consisted of three phases: the Indonesian translation of VitiQol, testing for validity, and assessing reliability. Result: The VitiQol questionnaire is a valid and reliable questionnaire. Valid with a correlation coefficient between 0.40 and 0.80 and reliability close to perfection. There was a significant correlation between VitiQol and DLQI (r=0.511, p=0.001). Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, the Indonesian VitiQol is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring the life quality of vitiligo patients in Indonesia.

Background: Vitiligo is a depigmentation disorder characterized by the progressive loss of melanocytes from the epidermis and hair follicles. Vitiligo affects all age groups and is defined by acquired, idiopathic, progressive, different-sized, circumscribed, milky white depigmentation. Characteristics and clinical patterns of vitiligo will also help to understand the pathogenesis of the disease. Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the characteristics profile and clinical features of vitiligo patients. Methods: The research material was taken from the medical record of vitiligo patients in the Division of Cosmetics Outpatient Clinic Dermatovenerelogy Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya from 2018-2020. Result: This study was obtained by a number of new vitiligo patients 115 (0.3%) of the total number of new outpatient clinic visits of Dermatovenereology Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. The majority of the gender is female (53.9%), late adolescence (26.96%), students (25.22%), and the onset of vitiligo 1-5 years (30.43%). The most common risk factors were idiopathic (51.3%) and clinical types are non-segmental vitiligo (53.04%). Conclusion: Vitiligo predominantly affects in females with active age groups of 17-25 years old, and students.

Background: After a history of exposure to the suspected material and a thorough physical examination, the diagnosis of occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) is commonly suspected. During the initial consultation, essential information involving the above is frequently neglected. Purpose: To evaluate the clinical manifestations of OCD cases in health workers and analyze the factors that influence OCD cases in health workers at the isolation ward of Dr. Soetomo Surabaya Hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The sample selection was done through purposive sampling. Accessible population that met the inclusion criteria and did not have exclusion criteria were included as research samples. The target population was healthcare workers in the Special Isolation Ward of Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. The accessible population was healthcare workers who performed hand hygiene activities and used Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in the Special Isolation Ward of Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. The research subjects were healthcare workers who worked in the Special Isolation Ward. Result: The research results showed a strong and significant correlation between atopic history and the occurrence of contact dermatitis due to poor skin barrier function and decreased tolerance. The study also found that there was no significant correlation between atopic history and the severity level of OCD. There was a significant difference in transepidermal water loss (TEWL) values in the lesion and non-lesion areas, both on the palmar and dorsal aspects of the hand. Moisturizer is an important component in managing hand dermatitis as it can repair and maintain the skin's protective barrier. Conclusion

Highlights: The importance of having a strong suspicion for syphilis and maintaining close contact between dermatologists and pathologists cannot be understated. Understanding the clinical relationship and histopathological features of syphilis is crucial for accurate diagnosis and distinction from its histopathologic mimickers. Abstract: Settings Syphilis, also known as "the great imitator," is a sexually transmitted infection with a variety of clinical symptoms and histopathological similarities to other infectious diseases. Public health concerns about syphilis have grown significantly. Since 2000, there has been an increase in syphilis prevalence in the United States, with a 17.6% increase from 2015 to 2016. From 2000 to 2019, the number of syphilis cases throughout Asia increased from 0.9% to 30.9%, whilst the number of cases in Indonesia decreased from 22.5% to 14.4%. Specific serological tests for syphilis can usually detect and confirm the diagnosis and offer follow-up care in most cases. However, in certain instances, the clinical characteristics discovered during testing can be identical to those of other diseases, which may lead to inconsistent diagnosis. Considering that the diagnostic pathology is pertinent to the clinical circumstances, a histopathological investigation may be useful for differentiating syphilis mimickers. Pathology is essential for identifying potential syphilis patients with ambiguous clinical symptoms. This study’s purpose was to assist dermatologists and pathologists in identifying "mimickers" that require a biopsy and in determining the correct diagnosis and treatment coutsed based on etiology.

Background: Oral candidiasis is an infection caused by Candida sp. in areas of the oral mucosa that are often found in HIV/AIDS patients. Increased antifungal resistance, it was important to find new antifungal candidates, especially from natural ingredients, basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) which had major compound of eugenol that had an antifungal effect in inhibiting of Candida sp. Purpose: To evaluate the comparison of the antifungal susceptibility of nystatin, basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) and eugenol against isolates of Candida sp. Methods: This study examined the comparison of the antifungal susceptibility of nystatin 100 IU, basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) with doses equivalent to 800 µg/mL and 400 µg/mL eugenol, and eugenol 800 µg/mL and 400 µg/mL against 40 stored isolates of Candida sp. from the oral cavity of HIV/AIDS patient which was reactivated. Result: The mean inhibition zone of nystatin for all isolates was 22.98 mm, while the mean inhibition zone of eugenol with doses of 800 µg/mL and 400 µg/mL were 17.07 mm and 15.89 mm, and the mean inhibition zone of basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) with doses equivalent to 800 µg/mL and 400 µg/mL eugenol are 14.87 mm and 14.01 mm. The inhibition zone of basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) and eugenol was significantly lower than nystatin (p = 0.001; p < 0.05). Conclusion: The zone of inhibition of nystatin was significantly higher compared to basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) and eugenol against Candida albicans and Candida non-albicans isolates.

Background: In 2007, skin cancers were third most common malignancies in Indonesia. However, profile of cutaneous tumors in our institution has not been studied. Purpose: To evaluate profile of cutaneous tumors in Dermatology and Venerology Outpatient Clinic, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study. Inclusion criteria was new cutaneous tumor patients. Exclusion criteria was incomplete data. Medical record and photograph database from 2019-2020 were assessed for demography, clinical features, histopathological examination and final diagnosis. Results: There were 379 (5,5%) cutaneous tumors among 6896 new patients at Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic. Overall, there were more female patients (53.7%) and age group of 0-45 years old (70.4%). Cutaneous tumors more commonly presented as papular (50.4%), multiple (56.5%), nonpigmented (58.3%), asymptomatic lesions (62.5%), with time from onset 0-24 months (66.2%) and location on head and face (61.2%). Benign cutaneous tumors showed similar findings. Malignant cutaneous tumors showed differences including predominantly male sex, age above 45 years old, nodular, solitary, pigmented and easily bleeding lesions. Malignant tumors were less common (6.9%). Most common malignant tumor was BCC. Most common benign and overall cutaneous tumor was seborrheic keratosis. Conclusion: Cutaneous tumors presented across gender and ages, showing heterogenous clinical manifestations. Malignant and benign cutaneous tumors showed similarity on time from onset and location of lesions. However, differences were seen in demographic profiles and majority of clinical features. BCC was the most common malignant cutaneous tumors, while seborrheic keratosis was the most common benign and overall cutaneous tumors.

Background: Syphilis infection and HIV are major health problems worldwide. Both of these diseases can be transmitted through sexual contact, so often a person suffers from both diseases at the same time. Purpose: To describe the risk factors of syphilis and HIV/AIDS coinfection in the Infectious Disease Intermediate Treatment Unit (UPIPI) inpatient and outpatient ward of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital in 2019. Methods: The study design used in this study is a retrospective descriptive study aimed at evaluating sexual and non-sexual factors that cause syphilis and HIV coinfection. The research population was patients in the inpatient and outpatient rooms of UPIPI RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya for the January-December 2019 period. The sampling technique was sourced from secondary data, namely medical record data from the inpatient and outpatient rooms of UPIPI RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya for the period January-December 2019. The data in this study were obtained from medical records and patient biodata. Result: Based on the calculation results, it is known that age group (P=0.022>0.05), and gender (P=0.024>0.05) had no effect on the risk of syphilis and HIV coinfection, while marital status (P=0.048<0.05), sexual orientation (P=0.048<0.05), transmission model (P=0.044<0.05), and type of work (P=0.046<0.05fected the risk of syphilis and HIV coinfection. Conclusion: People with HIV/AIDS are expected to be active in participating in programs that are needed by patients, such as antiretroviral (ARV) therapy assistance programs and counseling that will prolong the quality of life in various aspects of life, both physical, psychological and social aspects.

Background: Verruca (non genital warts) is a quite common public health problem caused by viral infection of low risk Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) types, risking patients of all backgrounds. There is still no ideal treatment for verruca with little knowledge regarding the effectiveness of the available therapies, which results in the lack of therapeutic standard for patients. Purpose: To evaluate the incidence, management, and effectiveness of verruca treatment. Methods: This was a descriptive, retrospective study with a cross-sectional design. All patients diagnosed with verruca in Tumor and Skin Surgery Division of the Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Unit at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya between January 2016 and December 2020 were included in the study. Result: The results of this study obtained a total of 113 verruca patients, consisting of 61 (53.98%) male patients and 52 (46.01%) female patients, mostly aged 20-60 years old (45 patients [39.82%]). The upper extremity was the most common location where the lesion was found (39 patients [34.5%]). Electrosurgery was the most performed method (38 patients [33.6%]). Thirty-one patients who were treated and returned to the clinic at least once during the month were evaluated for the resolution of the lesion after undergoing therapy. Among 31 patients, resolution was reported in 35.5% of cases. Conclusion: Verruca is a common condition in general practice with many treatment options available yet often neglected. Knowing the available evidence for efficacy of those treatments is critical for dermatologist when considering treatment and educate patients.

Background: Skin prick test (SPT) is indicated in type I hypersensitivity reactions (rapid type), among which is Atopic Dermatitis (AD). However, the results of SPT for the tested allergens are not always accompanied by history of known allergens in AD patients. Purpose: To identify the characteristics of AD patients who underwent SPT. Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study to determine the demographics, allergy history, SPT results, and positive and negative clinical relevance in AD patients treated at Allergy Immunology Division of Dermatology and Venerology Outpatient Clinic Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya-Indonesia from January 2017 to December 2019. Results: A total of 284 AD patients were included. The adult age group (20-59 years) predominated the AD patient’s visit every year with 58 patients (60.42%), 47 patients (46.08%), and 65 patients (75.58%) in 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. Only 60 AD patients underwent SPT, where most patients were allergic to dust with 30 patients (50.0%). House dust mite (HDM) allergen had the highest percentage of positive SPT result with 41 patients (63.3%). The greatest clinical relevance was found in cat fur allergen, where all patients (100.0%) had clinical relevance to their SPT result. Conclusion: This study shows that most AD patients were in adult age group and had a history of dust allergy. The highest percentage of positive SPT result was found in HDM allergen and the greatest clinical relevance was found in cat fur allergen.