14 results on '"Heyneke E"'
Search Results
2. SO2-Drought Interaction on Crop Yield, Photosynthesis and Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Soybean (Glycine Max)
- Author
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Heyneke, E., Strauss, A. J., Van Heerden, P. D. R., Strasser, R. J., Krüger, G. H. J., Kuang, Tingyun, Lu, Congming, and Zhang, Lixin
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Open-top chambers to study air pollution impacts in South Africa. Part I: microclimate in open-top chambers
- Author
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Heyneke, E, primary, Smit, PR, additional, van Rensburg, L, additional, and Krüger, GHJ, additional
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Open-top chamber facility to study air pollution impacts in South Africa. Part II: SO2–drought interactions on yield, photosynthesis and symbiotic nitrogen fixation in soybean
- Author
-
Heyneke, E, primary, Strauss, AJ, additional, Strasser, RJ, additional, and Krüger, GHJ, additional
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Characterization of the wheat leaf metabolome during grain filling and under varied N-supply
- Author
-
Heyneke, E., Watanabe, M., Erban, A, Duan, G, Buchner, P. H., Walther, D., Kopka, J, Hawkesford, M. J., and Hoefgen, R.
- Subjects
post-anthesis ,wheat leaf metabolism ,nitrogen supply ,food and beverages ,yield ,development - Abstract
Progress in improving crop growth is an absolute goal despite the influence multifactorial components have on crop yield and quality. An Avalon × Cadenza doubled-haploid wheat mapping population was used to study the leaf metabolome of field grown wheat at weekly intervals during the time in which the canopy contributes to grain filling, i.e.,from anthesis to 5 weeks post-anthesis. Wheat was grown under four different nitrogen supplies reaching from residual soil N to a luxury over-fertilization (0, 100, 200, and 350 kg N ha−1). Four lines from a segregating doubled haploid population derived of a cross of the wheat elite cvs. Avalon and Cadenza were chosen as they showed pairwise differences in either N utilization efficiency (NUtE) or senescence timing. 108 annotated metabolites of primary metabolism and ions were determined. The analysis did not provide genotype specific markers because of a remarkable stability of the metabolome between lines. We speculate that the reason for failing to identify genotypic markers might be due to insufficient genetic diversity of the wheat parents and/or the known tendency of plants to keep metabolome homeostasis even under adverse conditions through multiple adaptations and rescue mechanism. The data, however, provided a consistent catalogue of metabolites and their respective responses to environmental and developmental factors and may bode well for future systems biology approaches, and support plant breeding and crop improvement.
6. Growth in fluctuating light buffers plants against photorespiratory perturbations.
- Author
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von Bismarck T, Wendering P, Perez de Souza L, Ruß J, Strandberg L, Heyneke E, Walker BJ, Schöttler MA, Fernie AR, Nikoloski Z, and Armbruster U
- Subjects
- Plants metabolism, Chloroplasts metabolism, Plant Development, Light, Carbon Dioxide metabolism, Hydrogen Peroxide metabolism, Photosynthesis
- Abstract
Photorespiration (PR) is the pathway that detoxifies the product of the oxygenation reaction of Rubisco. It has been hypothesized that in dynamic light environments, PR provides a photoprotective function. To test this hypothesis, we characterized plants with varying PR enzyme activities under fluctuating and non-fluctuating light conditions. Contrasting our expectations, growth of mutants with decreased PR enzyme levels was least affected in fluctuating light compared with wild type. Results for growth, photosynthesis and metabolites combined with thermodynamics-based flux analysis revealed two main causal factors for this unanticipated finding: reduced rates of photosynthesis in fluctuating light and complex re-routing of metabolic fluxes. Only in non-fluctuating light, mutants lacking the glutamate:glyoxylate aminotransferase 1 re-routed glycolate processing to the chloroplast, resulting in photooxidative damage through H
2 O2 production. Our results reveal that dynamic light environments buffer plant growth and metabolism against photorespiratory perturbations., (© 2023. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Meeting the complexity of plant nutrient metabolism with multi-omics approaches.
- Author
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Heyneke E and Hoefgen R
- Subjects
- Dehydration, Nutrients, Pisum sativum, Seeds, Sulfur, Antioxidants, Proteomics
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Downregulation of a Mitochondrial NAD+ Transporter (NDT2) Alters Seed Production and Germination in Arabidopsis.
- Author
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Feitosa-Araujo E, de Souza Chaves I, Florian A, da Fonseca-Pereira P, Condori Apfata JA, Heyneke E, Medeiros DB, Pires MV, Mettler-Altmann T, Neuhaus HE, Palmieri F, Araï Jo WL, Obata T, Weber APM, Linka N, Fernie AR, and Nunes-Nesi A
- Subjects
- Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism, Biological Transport, Flowers physiology, Genotype, Heterotrophic Processes, Mitochondrial Proteins metabolism, Nucleotide Transport Proteins metabolism, Nucleotides metabolism, Pyridines metabolism, Reproduction physiology, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics, Down-Regulation genetics, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Germination genetics, Mitochondria metabolism, Mitochondrial Proteins genetics, NAD metabolism, Nucleotide Transport Proteins genetics, Seeds genetics, Seeds growth & development
- Abstract
Despite the fundamental importance of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) for metabolism, the physiological roles of NAD+ carriers in plants remain unclear. We previously characterized the Arabidopsis thaliana gene (At1g25380), named AtNDT2, encoding a protein located in the mitochondrial inner membrane, which imports NAD+ from the cytosol using ADP and AMP as counter-exchange substrates for NAD+. Here, we further investigated the physiological roles of NDT2, by isolating a T-DNA insertion line, generating an antisense line and characterizing these genotypes in detail. Reduced NDT2 expression affected reproductive phase by reducing total seed yield. In addition, reduced seed germination and retardation in seedling establishment were observed in the mutant lines. Moreover, remarkable changes in primary metabolism were observed in dry and germinated seeds and an increase in fatty acid levels was verified during seedling establishment. Furthermore, flowers and seedlings of NDT2 mutants displayed upregulation of de novo and salvage pathway genes encoding NAD+ biosynthesis enzymes, demonstrating the transcriptional control mediated by NDT2 activity over these genes. Taken together, our results suggest that NDT2 expression is fundamental for maintaining NAD+ balance amongst organelles that modulate metabolism, physiology and developmental processes of heterotrophic tissues., (� The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. The mitochondrial NAD + transporter (NDT1) plays important roles in cellular NAD + homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana.
- Author
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de Souza Chaves I, Feitosa-Araújo E, Florian A, Medeiros DB, da Fonseca-Pereira P, Charton L, Heyneke E, Apfata JAC, Pires MV, Mettler-Altmann T, Araújo WL, Neuhaus HE, Palmieri F, Obata T, Weber APM, Linka N, Fernie AR, and Nunes-Nesi A
- Subjects
- Antiporters genetics, Arabidopsis growth & development, Arabidopsis physiology, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics, Biological Transport, Carrier Proteins genetics, Carrier Proteins metabolism, Chloroplasts metabolism, Cytosol metabolism, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Homeostasis, Mitochondria metabolism, Mitochondrial Proteins genetics, Mitochondrial Proteins metabolism, Mutagenesis, Insertional, Nucleotide Transport Proteins, Peroxisomes metabolism, Plant Leaves genetics, Plant Leaves growth & development, Plant Leaves physiology, Pollen genetics, Pollen growth & development, Pollen physiology, Starch metabolism, Antiporters metabolism, Arabidopsis genetics, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, NAD metabolism
- Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD
+ ) is an essential coenzyme required for all living organisms. In eukaryotic cells, the final step of NAD+ biosynthesis is exclusively cytosolic. Hence, NAD+ must be imported into organelles to support their metabolic functions. Three NAD+ transporters belonging to the mitochondrial carrier family (MCF) have been biochemically characterized in plants. AtNDT1 (At2g47490), focus of the current study, AtNDT2 (At1g25380), targeted to the inner mitochondrial membrane, and AtPXN (At2g39970), located in the peroxisomal membrane. Although AtNDT1 was presumed to reside in the chloroplast membrane, subcellular localization experiments with green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusions revealed that AtNDT1 locates exclusively in the mitochondrial membrane in stably transformed Arabidopsis plants. To understand the biological function of AtNDT1 in Arabidopsis, three transgenic lines containing an antisense construct of AtNDT1 under the control of the 35S promoter alongside a T-DNA insertional line were evaluated. Plants with reduced AtNDT1 expression displayed lower pollen viability, silique length, and higher rate of seed abortion. Furthermore, these plants also exhibited an increased leaf number and leaf area concomitant with higher photosynthetic rates and higher levels of sucrose and starch. Therefore, lower expression of AtNDT1 was associated with enhanced vegetative growth but severe impairment of the reproductive stage. These results are discussed in the context of the mitochondrial localization of AtNDT1 and its important role in the cellular NAD+ homeostasis for both metabolic and developmental processes in plants., (© 2019 The Authors The Plant Journal published by Society for Experimental Biology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. The Arabidopsis E 1 subunit of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex modulates plant growth and seed production.
- Author
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Condori-Apfata JA, Batista-Silva W, Medeiros DB, Vargas JR, Valente LML, Heyneke E, Pérez-Diaz JL, Fernie AR, Araújo WL, and Nunes-Nesi A
- Subjects
- Arabidopsis genetics, Arabidopsis growth & development, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism, Carbon Dioxide metabolism, Chlorophyll metabolism, Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex genetics, Mitochondria enzymology, Mutagenesis, Insertional, Nitrates metabolism, Phenotype, Phylogeny, Plant Leaves enzymology, Plant Leaves genetics, Plant Leaves growth & development, Protein Isoforms, Protein Subunits, Seedlings enzymology, Seedlings genetics, Seedlings growth & development, Seeds enzymology, Seeds genetics, Seeds growth & development, Arabidopsis enzymology, Carbon metabolism, Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex metabolism, Nitrogen metabolism
- Abstract
Key Message: Isoforms of 2-OGDH E1 subunit are not functionally redundant in plant growth and development of A. thaliana. The tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (2-OGDH) converts 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG) to succinyl-CoA concomitant with the reduction of NAD
+ . 2-OGDH has an essential role in plant metabolism, being both a limiting step during mitochondrial respiration as well as a key player in carbon-nitrogen interactions. In Arabidopsis thaliana two genes encode for E1 subunit of 2-OGDH but the physiological roles of each isoform remain unknown. Thus, in the present study we isolated Arabidopsis T-DNA insertion knockout mutant lines for each of the genes encoding the E1 subunit of 2-OGDH enzyme. All mutant plants exhibited substantial reduction in both respiration and CO2 assimilation rates. Furthermore, mutant lines exhibited reduced levels of chlorophylls and nitrate, increased levels of sucrose, malate and fumarate and minor changes in total protein and starch levels in leaves. Despite the similar metabolic phenotypes for the two E1 isoforms the reduction in the expression of each gene culminated in different responses in terms of plant growth and seed production indicating distinct roles for each isoform. Collectively, our results demonstrated the importance of the E1 subunit of 2-OGDH in both autotrophic and heterotrophic tissues and suggest that the two E1 isoforms are not functionally redundant in terms of plant growth in A. thaliana.- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Metabolic regulation of photosynthesis.
- Author
-
Heyneke E and Fernie AR
- Subjects
- Biomass, Carbon metabolism, Mitochondria metabolism, Oxygen metabolism, Plant Leaves metabolism, Photosynthesis
- Abstract
Photosynthesis is fundamental to biomass production, but is a dynamic process sensitive to environmental constraints. In recent years, approaches to increase biomass and grain yield by altering photosynthetically related processes in the plant have received considerable attention. However, improving biomass yield requires a predictive understanding of the molecular mechanisms that allow photosynthesis to be adjusted. The important roles of metabolic reactions external to those directly involved in photosynthesis are highlighted in this review; however, our major focus is on the routes taken to improve photosynthetic carbon assimilation and to increase photosynthetic efficiency and consequently biomass yield., (© 2018 The Author(s). Published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Characterization of the Wheat Leaf Metabolome during Grain Filling and under Varied N-Supply.
- Author
-
Heyneke E, Watanabe M, Erban A, Duan G, Buchner P, Walther D, Kopka J, Hawkesford MJ, and Hoefgen R
- Abstract
Progress in improving crop growth is an absolute goal despite the influence multifactorial components have on crop yield and quality. An Avalon × Cadenza doubled-haploid wheat mapping population was used to study the leaf metabolome of field grown wheat at weekly intervals during the time in which the canopy contributes to grain filling, i.e., from anthesis to 5 weeks post-anthesis. Wheat was grown under four different nitrogen supplies reaching from residual soil N to a luxury over-fertilization (0, 100, 200, and 350 kg N ha
-1 ). Four lines from a segregating doubled haploid population derived of a cross of the wheat elite cvs. Avalon and Cadenza were chosen as they showed pairwise differences in either N utilization efficiency (NUtE) or senescence timing. 108 annotated metabolites of primary metabolism and ions were determined. The analysis did not provide genotype specific markers because of a remarkable stability of the metabolome between lines. We speculate that the reason for failing to identify genotypic markers might be due to insufficient genetic diversity of the wheat parents and/or the known tendency of plants to keep metabolome homeostasis even under adverse conditions through multiple adaptations and rescue mechanism. The data, however, provided a consistent catalogue of metabolites and their respective responses to environmental and developmental factors and may bode well for future systems biology approaches, and support plant breeding and crop improvement.- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Simple and robust determination of the activity signature of key carbohydrate metabolism enzymes for physiological phenotyping in model and crop plants.
- Author
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Jammer A, Gasperl A, Luschin-Ebengreuth N, Heyneke E, Chu H, Cantero-Navarro E, Großkinsky DK, Albacete AA, Stabentheiner E, Franzaring J, Fangmeier A, van der Graaff E, and Roitsch T
- Subjects
- Crops, Agricultural enzymology, Crops, Agricultural genetics, Plant Proteins metabolism, Plants enzymology, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Plant Proteins genetics, Plants genetics, Proteomics methods
- Abstract
The analysis of physiological parameters is important to understand the link between plant phenotypes and their genetic bases, and therefore is needed as an important element in the analysis of model and crop plants. The activities of enzymes involved in primary carbohydrate metabolism have been shown to be strongly associated with growth performance, crop yield, and quality, as well as stress responses. A simple, fast, and cost-effective method to determine activities for 13 key enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism has been established, mainly based on coupled spectrophotometric kinetic assays. The comparison of extraction buffers and requirement for dialysis of crude protein extracts resulted in a universal protein extraction protocol, suitable for the preparation of protein extracts from different organs of various species. Individual published kinetic activity assays were optimized and adapted for a semi-high-throughput 96-well assay format. These assays proved to be robust and are thus suitable for physiological phenotyping, enabling the characterization and diagnosis of the physiological state. The potential of the determination of distinct enzyme activity signatures as part of a physiological fingerprint was shown for various organs and tissues from three monocot and five dicot model and crop species, including two case studies with external stimuli. Differential and specific enzyme activity signatures are apparent during inflorescence development and upon in vitro cold treatment of young inflorescences in the monocot ryegrass, related to conditions for doubled haploid formation. Likewise, treatment of dicot spring oilseed rape with elevated CO2 concentration resulted in distinct patterns of enzyme activity responses in leaves., (© The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Dynamic compartment specific changes in glutathione and ascorbate levels in Arabidopsis plants exposed to different light intensities.
- Author
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Heyneke E, Luschin-Ebengreuth N, Krajcer I, Wolkinger V, Müller M, and Zechmann B
- Subjects
- Antioxidants chemistry, Arabidopsis genetics, Catalase metabolism, Chloroplasts chemistry, Cytosol chemistry, Hydrogen Peroxide analysis, Peroxisomes chemistry, Plant Leaves enzymology, Reactive Oxygen Species analysis, Stress, Physiological, Arabidopsis chemistry, Arabidopsis radiation effects, Ascorbic Acid chemistry, Glutathione chemistry, Light
- Abstract
Background: Excess light conditions induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) directly in the chloroplasts but also cause an accumulation and production of ROS in peroxisomes, cytosol and vacuoles. Antioxidants such as ascorbate and glutathione occur in all cell compartments where they detoxify ROS. In this study compartment specific changes in antioxidant levels and related enzymes were monitored among Arabidopsis wildtype plants and ascorbate and glutathione deficient mutants (vtc2-1 and pad2-1, respectively) exposed to different light intensities (50, 150 which was considered as control condition, 300, 700 and 1,500 μmol m(-2) s(-1)) for 4 h and 14 d., Results: The results revealed that wildtype plants reacted to short term exposure to excess light conditions with the accumulation of ascorbate and glutathione in chloroplasts, peroxisomes and the cytosol and an increased activity of catalase in the leaves. Long term exposure led to an accumulation of ascorbate and glutathione mainly in chloroplasts. In wildtype plants an accumulation of ascorbate and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) could be observed in vacuoles when exposed to high light conditions. The pad2-1 mutant reacted to long term excess light exposure with an accumulation of ascorbate in peroxisomes whereas the vtc2-1 mutant reacted with an accumulation of glutathione in the chloroplasts (relative to the wildtype) and nuclei during long term high light conditions indicating an important role of these antioxidants in these cell compartments for the protection of the mutants against high light stress., Conclusion: The results obtained in this study demonstrate that the accumulation of ascorbate and glutathione in chloroplasts, peroxisomes and the cytosol is an important reaction of plants to short term high light stress. The accumulation of ascorbate and H2O2 along the tonoplast and in vacuoles during these conditions indicates an important route for H2O2 detoxification under these conditions.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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