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1. Size-dependent influence of NOx on the growth rates of organic aerosol particles

Author

Yan, C, Nie, W, Vogel, AL, Dada, L, Lehtipalo, K, Stolzenburg, D, Wagner, R, Rissanen, MP, Xiao, M, Ahonen, L, Fischer, L, Rose, C, Bianchi, F, Gordon, H, Simon, M, Heinritzi, M, Garmash, O, Roldin, P, Dias, A, Ye, P, Hofbauer, V, Amorim, A, Bauer, PS, Bergen, A, Bernhammer, A-K, Breitenlechner, M, Brilke, S, Buchholz, A, Mazon, S Buenrostro, Canagaratna, MR, Chen, X, Ding, A, Dommen, J, Draper, DC, Duplissy, J, Frege, C, Heyn, C, Guida, R, Hakala, J, Heikkinen, L, Hoyle, CR, Jokinen, T, Kangasluoma, J, Kirkby, J, Kontkanen, J, Kürten, A, Lawler, MJ, Mai, H, Mathot, S, Mauldin, RL, Molteni, U, Nichman, L, Nieminen, T, Nowak, J, Ojdanic, A, Onnela, A, Pajunoja, A, Petäjä, T, Piel, F, Quéléver, LLJ, Sarnela, N, Schallhart, S, Sengupta, K, Sipilä, M, Tomé, A, Tröstl, J, Väisänen, O, Wagner, AC, Ylisirniö, A, Zha, Q, Baltensperger, U, Carslaw, KS, Curtius, J, Flagan, RC, Hansel, A, Riipinen, I, Smith, JN, Virtanen, A, Winkler, PM, Donahue, NM, Kerminen, V-M, Kulmala, M, Ehn, M, and Worsnop, DR

Subjects
Climate Action
Abstract

Atmospheric new-particle formation (NPF) affects climate by contributing to a large fraction of the cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). Highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) drive the early particle growth and therefore substantially influence the survival of newly formed particles to CCN. Nitrogen oxide (NOx) is known to suppress the NPF driven by HOMs, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. Here, we examine the response of particle growth to the changes of HOM formation caused by NOx. We show that NOx suppresses particle growth in general, but the suppression is rather nonuniform and size dependent, which can be quantitatively explained by the shifted HOM volatility after adding NOx. By illustrating how NOx affects the early growth of new particles, a critical step of CCN formation, our results help provide a refined assessment of the potential climatic effects caused by the diverse changes of NOx level in forest regions around the globe.

Published
2020

2. Prognostic relevance of gait-related cognitive functions for dementia conversion in amnestic mild cognitive impairment

Author

Tuena, C, Maestri, S, Serino, S, Pedroli, E, Stramba-Badiale, M, Riva, G, Silbert, L, Lind, B, Crissey, R, Kaye, J, Carter, R, Dolen, S, Quinn, J, Schneider, L, Pawluczyk, S, Becerra, M, Teodoro, L, Dagerman, K, Spann, B, Brewer, J, Fleisher, A, Vanderswag, H, Ziolkowski, J, Heidebrink, J, Zbizek-Nulph, L, Lord, J, Albers, C, Petersen, R, Mason, S, Knopman, D, Johnson, K, Villanueva-Meyer, J, Pavlik, V, Pacini, N, Lamb, A, Kass, J, Doody, R, Shibley, V, Chowdhury, M, Rountree, S, Dang, M, Stern, Y, Honig, L, Mintz, A, Ances, B, Morris, J, Winkfield, D, Carroll, M, Stobbs-Cucchi, G, Oliver, A, Creech, M, Mintun, M, Schneider, S, Geldmacher, D, Love, M, Griffith, R, Clark, D, Brockington, J, Marson, D, Grossman, H, Goldstein, M, Greenberg, J, Mitsis, E, Shah, R, Lamar, M, Samuels, P, Duara, R, Greig-Custo, M, Rodriguez, R, Albert, M, Onyike, C, Farrington, L, Rudow, S, Brichko, R, Kielb, S, Smith, A, Raj, B, Fargher, K, Sadowski, M, Wisniewski, T, Shulman, M, Faustin, A, Rao, J, Castro, K, Ulysse, A, Chen, S, Doraiswamy, P, Petrella, J, James, O, Wong, T, Borges-Neto, S, Karlawish, J, Wolk, D, Vaishnavi, S, Clark, C, Arnold, S, Smith, C, Jicha, G, Khouli, R, Raslau, F, Lopez, O, Oakley, M, Simpson, D, Porsteinsson, A, Martin, K, Kowalski, N, Keltz, M, Goldstein, B, Makino, K, Ismail, M, Brand, C, Thai, G, Pierce, A, Yanez, B, Sosa, E, Witbracht, M, Kelley, B, Nguyen, T, Womack, K, Mathews, D, Quiceno, M, Levey, A, Lah, J, Hajjar, I, Burns, J, Swerdlow, R, Brooks, W, Silverman, D, Kremen, S, Apostolova, L, Tingus, K, Lu, P, Bartzokis, G, Woo, E, Teng, E, Graff-Radford, N, Parfitt, F, Poki-Walker, K, Farlow, M, Hake, A, Matthews, B, Brosch, J, Herring, S, van Dyck, C, Mecca, A, Good, S, Macavoy, M, Carson, R, Varma, P, Chertkow, H, Vaitekunas, S, Hosein, C, Black, S, Stefanovic, B, Heyn, C, Hsiung, G, Kim, E, Mudge, B, Sossi, V, Feldman, H, Assaly, M, Finger, E, Pasternak, S, Rachinsky, I, Kertesz, A, Drost, D, Rogers, J, Grant, I, Muse, B, Rogalski, E, Robson, J, Mesulam, M, Kerwin, D, Wu, C, Johnson, N, Lipowski, K, Weintraub, S, Bonakdarpour, B, Pomara, N, Hernando, R, Sarrael, A, Rosen, H, Miller, B, Weiner, M, Perry, D, Turner, R, Reynolds, B, Mccann, K, Poe, J, Marshall, G, Sperling, R, Yesavage, J, Taylor, J, Chao, S, Coleman, J, White, J, Lane, B, Rosen, A, Tinklenberg, J, Belden, C, Atri, A, Clark, K, Zamrini, E, Sabbagh, M, Killiany, R, Stern, R, Mez, J, Kowall, N, Budson, A, Obisesan, T, Ntekim, O, Wolday, S, Khan, J, Nwulia, E, Nadarajah, S, Lerner, A, Ogrocki, P, Tatsuoka, C, Fatica, P, Fletcher, E, Maillard, P, Olichney, J, Decarli, C, Carmichael, O, Bates, V, Capote, H, Rainka, M, Borrie, M, Lee, T, Bartha, R, Johnson, S, Asthana, S, Carlsson, C, Perrin, A, Burke, A, Scharre, D, Kataki, M, Tarawneh, R, Hart, D, Zimmerman, E, Celmins, D, Miller, D, Ponto, L, Smith, K, Koleva, H, Shim, H, Nam, K, Schultz, S, Williamson, J, Craft, S, Cleveland, J, Yang, M, Sink, K, Ott, B, Drake, J, Tremont, G, Daiello, L, Ritter, A, Bernick, C, Munic, D, O'Connelll, A, Mintzer, J, Wiliams, A, Masdeu, J, Shi, J, Garcia, A, Newhouse, P, Potkin, S, Salloway, S, Malloy, P, Correia, S, Kittur, S, Pearlson, G, Blank, K, Anderson, K, Flashman, L, Seltzer, M, Hynes, M, Santulli, R, Relkin, N, Chiang, G, Lee, A, Lin, M, Ravdin, L, Tuena C., Maestri S., Serino S., Pedroli E., Stramba-Badiale M., Riva G., Silbert L. C., Lind B., Crissey R., Kaye J. A., Carter R., Dolen S., Quinn J., Schneider L. S., Pawluczyk S., Becerra M., Teodoro L., Dagerman K., Spann B. M., Brewer J., Fleisher A., Vanderswag H., Ziolkowski J., Heidebrink J. L., Zbizek-Nulph L., Lord J. L., Albers C. S., Petersen R., Mason S. S., Knopman D., Johnson K., Villanueva-Meyer J., Pavlik V., Pacini N., Lamb A., Kass J. S., Doody R. S., Shibley V., Chowdhury M., Rountree S., Dang M., Stern Y., Honig L. S., Mintz A., Ances B., Morris J. C., Winkfield D., Carroll M., Stobbs-Cucchi G., Oliver A., Creech M. L., Mintun M. A., Schneider S., Geldmacher D., Love M. N., Griffith R., Clark D., Brockington J., Marson D., Grossman H., Goldstein M. A., Greenberg J., Mitsis E., Shah R. C., Lamar M., Samuels P., Duara R., Greig-Custo M. T., Rodriguez R., Albert M., Onyike C., Farrington L., Rudow S., Brichko R., Kielb S., Smith A., Raj B. A., Fargher K., Sadowski M., Wisniewski T., Shulman M., Faustin A., Rao J., Castro K. M., Ulysse A., Chen S., Doraiswamy P. M., Petrella J. R., James O., Wong T. Z., Borges-Neto S., Karlawish J. H., Wolk D. A., Vaishnavi S., Clark C. M., Arnold S. E., Smith C. D., Jicha G. A., Khouli R. E., Raslau F. D., Lopez O. L., Oakley M. A., Simpson D. M., Porsteinsson A. P., Martin K., Kowalski N., Keltz M., Goldstein B. S., Makino K. M., Ismail M. S., Brand C., Thai G., Pierce A., Yanez B., Sosa E., Witbracht M., Kelley B., Nguyen T., Womack K., Mathews D., Quiceno M., Levey A. I., Lah J. J., Hajjar I., Burns J. M., Swerdlow R. H., Brooks W. M., Silverman D. H. S., Kremen S., Apostolova L., Tingus K., Lu P. H., Bartzokis G., Woo E., Teng E., Graff-Radford N. R., Parfitt F., Poki-Walker K., Farlow M. R., Hake A. M., Matthews B. R., Brosch J. R., Herring S., van Dyck C. H., Mecca A. P., Good S. P., MacAvoy M. G., Carson R. E., Varma P., Chertkow H., Vaitekunas S., Hosein C., Black S., Stefanovic B., Heyn C., Hsiung G. -Y. R., Kim E., Mudge B., Sossi V., Feldman H., Assaly M., Finger E., Pasternak S., Rachinsky I., Kertesz A., Drost D., Rogers J., Grant I., Muse B., Rogalski E., Robson J., Mesulam M. -M., Kerwin D., Wu C. -K., Johnson N., Lipowski K., Weintraub S., Bonakdarpour B., Pomara N., Hernando R., Sarrael A., Rosen H. J., Miller B. L., Weiner M. W., Perry D., Turner R. S., Reynolds B., MCCann K., Poe J., Marshall G. A., Sperling R. A., Johnson K. A., Yesavage J., Taylor J. L., Chao S., Coleman J., White J. D., Lane B., Rosen A., Tinklenberg J., Belden C. M., Atri A., Clark K. A., Zamrini E., Sabbagh M., Killiany R., Stern R., Mez J., Kowall N., Budson A. E., Obisesan T. O., Ntekim O. E., Wolday S., Khan J. I., Nwulia E., Nadarajah S., Lerner A., Ogrocki P., Tatsuoka C., Fatica P., Fletcher E., Maillard P., Olichney J., DeCarli C., Carmichael O., Bates V., Capote H., Rainka M., Borrie M., Lee T. -Y., Bartha R., Johnson S., Asthana S., Carlsson C. M., Perrin A., Burke A., Scharre D. W., Kataki M., Tarawneh R., Hart D., Zimmerman E. A., Celmins D., Miller D. D., Ponto L. L. B., Smith K. E., Koleva H., Shim H., Nam K. W., Schultz S. K., Williamson J. D., Craft S., Cleveland J., Yang M., Sink K. M., Ott B. R., Drake J., Tremont G., Daiello L. A., Drake J. D., Ritter A., Bernick C., Munic D., O'Connelll A., Mintzer J., Wiliams A., Masdeu J., Shi J., Garcia A., Newhouse P., Potkin S., Salloway S., Malloy P., Correia S., Kittur S., Pearlson G. D., Blank K., Anderson K., Flashman L. A., Seltzer M., Hynes M. L., Santulli R. B., Relkin N., Chiang G., Lee A., Lin M., Ravdin L., Tuena, C, Maestri, S, Serino, S, Pedroli, E, Stramba-Badiale, M, Riva, G, Silbert, L, Lind, B, Crissey, R, Kaye, J, Carter, R, Dolen, S, Quinn, J, Schneider, L, Pawluczyk, S, Becerra, M, Teodoro, L, Dagerman, K, Spann, B, Brewer, J, Fleisher, A, Vanderswag, H, Ziolkowski, J, Heidebrink, J, Zbizek-Nulph, L, Lord, J, Albers, C, Petersen, R, Mason, S, Knopman, D, Johnson, K, Villanueva-Meyer, J, Pavlik, V, Pacini, N, Lamb, A, Kass, J, Doody, R, Shibley, V, Chowdhury, M, Rountree, S, Dang, M, Stern, Y, Honig, L, Mintz, A, Ances, B, Morris, J, Winkfield, D, Carroll, M, Stobbs-Cucchi, G, Oliver, A, Creech, M, Mintun, M, Schneider, S, Geldmacher, D, Love, M, Griffith, R, Clark, D, Brockington, J, Marson, D, Grossman, H, Goldstein, M, Greenberg, J, Mitsis, E, Shah, R, Lamar, M, Samuels, P, Duara, R, Greig-Custo, M, Rodriguez, R, Albert, M, Onyike, C, Farrington, L, Rudow, S, Brichko, R, Kielb, S, Smith, A, Raj, B, Fargher, K, Sadowski, M, Wisniewski, T, Shulman, M, Faustin, A, Rao, J, Castro, K, Ulysse, A, Chen, S, Doraiswamy, P, Petrella, J, James, O, Wong, T, Borges-Neto, S, Karlawish, J, Wolk, D, Vaishnavi, S, Clark, C, Arnold, S, Smith, C, Jicha, G, Khouli, R, Raslau, F, Lopez, O, Oakley, M, Simpson, D, Porsteinsson, A, Martin, K, Kowalski, N, Keltz, M, Goldstein, B, Makino, K, Ismail, M, Brand, C, Thai, G, Pierce, A, Yanez, B, Sosa, E, Witbracht, M, Kelley, B, Nguyen, T, Womack, K, Mathews, D, Quiceno, M, Levey, A, Lah, J, Hajjar, I, Burns, J, Swerdlow, R, Brooks, W, Silverman, D, Kremen, S, Apostolova, L, Tingus, K, Lu, P, Bartzokis, G, Woo, E, Teng, E, Graff-Radford, N, Parfitt, F, Poki-Walker, K, Farlow, M, Hake, A, Matthews, B, Brosch, J, Herring, S, van Dyck, C, Mecca, A, Good, S, Macavoy, M, Carson, R, Varma, P, Chertkow, H, Vaitekunas, S, Hosein, C, Black, S, Stefanovic, B, Heyn, C, Hsiung, G, Kim, E, Mudge, B, Sossi, V, Feldman, H, Assaly, M, Finger, E, Pasternak, S, Rachinsky, I, Kertesz, A, Drost, D, Rogers, J, Grant, I, Muse, B, Rogalski, E, Robson, J, Mesulam, M, Kerwin, D, Wu, C, Johnson, N, Lipowski, K, Weintraub, S, Bonakdarpour, B, Pomara, N, Hernando, R, Sarrael, A, Rosen, H, Miller, B, Weiner, M, Perry, D, Turner, R, Reynolds, B, Mccann, K, Poe, J, Marshall, G, Sperling, R, Yesavage, J, Taylor, J, Chao, S, Coleman, J, White, J, Lane, B, Rosen, A, Tinklenberg, J, Belden, C, Atri, A, Clark, K, Zamrini, E, Sabbagh, M, Killiany, R, Stern, R, Mez, J, Kowall, N, Budson, A, Obisesan, T, Ntekim, O, Wolday, S, Khan, J, Nwulia, E, Nadarajah, S, Lerner, A, Ogrocki, P, Tatsuoka, C, Fatica, P, Fletcher, E, Maillard, P, Olichney, J, Decarli, C, Carmichael, O, Bates, V, Capote, H, Rainka, M, Borrie, M, Lee, T, Bartha, R, Johnson, S, Asthana, S, Carlsson, C, Perrin, A, Burke, A, Scharre, D, Kataki, M, Tarawneh, R, Hart, D, Zimmerman, E, Celmins, D, Miller, D, Ponto, L, Smith, K, Koleva, H, Shim, H, Nam, K, Schultz, S, Williamson, J, Craft, S, Cleveland, J, Yang, M, Sink, K, Ott, B, Drake, J, Tremont, G, Daiello, L, Ritter, A, Bernick, C, Munic, D, O'Connelll, A, Mintzer, J, Wiliams, A, Masdeu, J, Shi, J, Garcia, A, Newhouse, P, Potkin, S, Salloway, S, Malloy, P, Correia, S, Kittur, S, Pearlson, G, Blank, K, Anderson, K, Flashman, L, Seltzer, M, Hynes, M, Santulli, R, Relkin, N, Chiang, G, Lee, A, Lin, M, Ravdin, L, Tuena C., Maestri S., Serino S., Pedroli E., Stramba-Badiale M., Riva G., Silbert L. C., Lind B., Crissey R., Kaye J. A., Carter R., Dolen S., Quinn J., Schneider L. S., Pawluczyk S., Becerra M., Teodoro L., Dagerman K., Spann B. M., Brewer J., Fleisher A., Vanderswag H., Ziolkowski J., Heidebrink J. L., Zbizek-Nulph L., Lord J. L., Albers C. S., Petersen R., Mason S. S., Knopman D., Johnson K., Villanueva-Meyer J., Pavlik V., Pacini N., Lamb A., Kass J. S., Doody R. S., Shibley V., Chowdhury M., Rountree S., Dang M., Stern Y., Honig L. S., Mintz A., Ances B., Morris J. C., Winkfield D., Carroll M., Stobbs-Cucchi G., Oliver A., Creech M. L., Mintun M. A., Schneider S., Geldmacher D., Love M. N., Griffith R., Clark D., Brockington J., Marson D., Grossman H., Goldstein M. A., Greenberg J., Mitsis E., Shah R. C., Lamar M., Samuels P., Duara R., Greig-Custo M. T., Rodriguez R., Albert M., Onyike C., Farrington L., Rudow S., Brichko R., Kielb S., Smith A., Raj B. A., Fargher K., Sadowski M., Wisniewski T., Shulman M., Faustin A., Rao J., Castro K. M., Ulysse A., Chen S., Doraiswamy P. M., Petrella J. R., James O., Wong T. Z., Borges-Neto S., Karlawish J. H., Wolk D. A., Vaishnavi S., Clark C. M., Arnold S. E., Smith C. D., Jicha G. A., Khouli R. E., Raslau F. D., Lopez O. L., Oakley M. A., Simpson D. M., Porsteinsson A. P., Martin K., Kowalski N., Keltz M., Goldstein B. S., Makino K. M., Ismail M. S., Brand C., Thai G., Pierce A., Yanez B., Sosa E., Witbracht M., Kelley B., Nguyen T., Womack K., Mathews D., Quiceno M., Levey A. I., Lah J. J., Hajjar I., Burns J. M., Swerdlow R. H., Brooks W. M., Silverman D. H. S., Kremen S., Apostolova L., Tingus K., Lu P. H., Bartzokis G., Woo E., Teng E., Graff-Radford N. R., Parfitt F., Poki-Walker K., Farlow M. R., Hake A. M., Matthews B. R., Brosch J. R., Herring S., van Dyck C. H., Mecca A. P., Good S. P., MacAvoy M. G., Carson R. E., Varma P., Chertkow H., Vaitekunas S., Hosein C., Black S., Stefanovic B., Heyn C., Hsiung G. -Y. R., Kim E., Mudge B., Sossi V., Feldman H., Assaly M., Finger E., Pasternak S., Rachinsky I., Kertesz A., Drost D., Rogers J., Grant I., Muse B., Rogalski E., Robson J., Mesulam M. -M., Kerwin D., Wu C. -K., Johnson N., Lipowski K., Weintraub S., Bonakdarpour B., Pomara N., Hernando R., Sarrael A., Rosen H. J., Miller B. L., Weiner M. W., Perry D., Turner R. S., Reynolds B., MCCann K., Poe J., Marshall G. A., Sperling R. A., Johnson K. A., Yesavage J., Taylor J. L., Chao S., Coleman J., White J. D., Lane B., Rosen A., Tinklenberg J., Belden C. M., Atri A., Clark K. A., Zamrini E., Sabbagh M., Killiany R., Stern R., Mez J., Kowall N., Budson A. E., Obisesan T. O., Ntekim O. E., Wolday S., Khan J. I., Nwulia E., Nadarajah S., Lerner A., Ogrocki P., Tatsuoka C., Fatica P., Fletcher E., Maillard P., Olichney J., DeCarli C., Carmichael O., Bates V., Capote H., Rainka M., Borrie M., Lee T. -Y., Bartha R., Johnson S., Asthana S., Carlsson C. M., Perrin A., Burke A., Scharre D. W., Kataki M., Tarawneh R., Hart D., Zimmerman E. A., Celmins D., Miller D. D., Ponto L. L. B., Smith K. E., Koleva H., Shim H., Nam K. W., Schultz S. K., Williamson J. D., Craft S., Cleveland J., Yang M., Sink K. M., Ott B. R., Drake J., Tremont G., Daiello L. A., Drake J. D., Ritter A., Bernick C., Munic D., O'Connelll A., Mintzer J., Wiliams A., Masdeu J., Shi J., Garcia A., Newhouse P., Potkin S., Salloway S., Malloy P., Correia S., Kittur S., Pearlson G. D., Blank K., Anderson K., Flashman L. A., Seltzer M., Hynes M. L., Santulli R. B., Relkin N., Chiang G., Lee A., Lin M., and Ravdin L.

Abstract

Background: Increasing research suggests that gait abnormalities can be a risk factor for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Notably, there is growing evidence highlighting this risk factor in individuals with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI), however further studies are needed. The aim of this study is to analyze cognitive tests results and brain-related measures over time in aMCI and examine how the presence of gait abnormalities (neurological or orthopedic) or normal gait affects these trends. Additionally, we sought to assess the significance of gait and gait-related measures as prognostic indicators for the progression from aMCI to AD dementia, comparing those who converted to AD with those who remained with a stable aMCI diagnosis during the follow-up. Methods: Four hundred two individuals with aMCI from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database were included. Robust linear mixed-effects models were used to study the impact of gait abnormalities on a comprehensive neuropsychological battery over 36 months while controlling for relevant medical variables at baseline. The impact of gait on brain measures was also investigated. Lastly, the Cox proportional-hazards model was used to explore the prognostic relevance of abnormal gait and neuropsychological associated tests. Results: While controlling for relevant covariates, we found that gait abnormalities led to a greater decline over time in attention (DSST) and global cognition (MMSE). Intriguingly, psychomotor speed (TMT-A) and divided attention (TMT-B) declined uniquely in the abnormal gait group. Conversely, specific AD global cognition tests (ADAS-13) and auditory-verbal memory (RAVLT immediate recall) declined over time independently of gait profile. All the other cognitive tests were not significantly affected by time or by gait profile. In addition, we found that ventricles size increased faster in the abnormal gait group compared to the normal gait group. In terms of prognosis, abno

Published
2023

4. Outcomes Following Dose Escalated Radiotherapy for High Grade Meningioma

Author

Zeng, K.L., primary, Soliman, H., additional, Myrehaug, S.D., additional, Tseng, C.L., additional, Detsky, J., additional, Chen, H., additional, Lim-Fat, M.J., additional, Ruschin, M.E., additional, Atenafu, E., additional, Keith, J., additional, Lipsman, N., additional, Heyn, C., additional, Maralani, P., additional, Das, S., additional, Pirouzmand, F., additional, and Sahgal, A., additional

Published
2023
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7. Frameless Cobalt60-Based Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiosurgery (HSRS) for Brain Metastases: Impact of Dose and Volume

Author

Yan, M., primary, Holden, L., additional, Wang, M.H., additional, Soliman, H., additional, Myrehaug, S.D., additional, Tseng, C.L., additional, Detsky, J., additional, Ruschin, M.E., additional, Yeboah, C., additional, Tjong, M.C., additional, Atenafu, E., additional, Das, S., additional, Lipsman, N., additional, Heyn, C., additional, Maralani, P., additional, Sahgal, A., additional, and Husain, Z.A., additional

Published
2022
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12. Size-dependent influence of NOₓ on the growth rates of organic aerosol particles

Author

Yan, C., Nie, W., Vogel, A. L., Dada, L., Lehtipalo, K., Stolzenburg, D., Wagner, R., Rissanen, M. P., Xiao, M., Ahonen, L., Fischer, L., Rose, C., Bianchi, F., Gordon, H., Simon, M., Heinritzi, M., Garmash, O., Roldin, P., Dias, A., Ye, P., Hofbauer, V., Amorim, A., Bauer, P. S., Bergen, A., Bernhammer, A.-K., Breitenlechner, M., Brilke, S., Buchholz, A., Buenrostro Mazon, S., Canagaratna, M. R., Chen, X., Ding, A., Dommen, J., Draper, D. C., Duplissy, J., Frege, C., Heyn, C., Guida, R., Hakala, J., Heikkinen, L., Hoyle, C. R., Jokinen, T., Kangasluoma, J., Kirkby, J., Kontkanen, J., Kürten, A., Lawler, M. J., Mai, H., Mathot, S., Mauldin, R. L., III, Molteni, U., Nichman, L., Nieminen, T., Nowak, J., Ojdanic, A., Onnela, A., Pajunoja, A., Petäjä, T., Piel, F., Quéléver, L. L. J., Sarnela, N., Schallhart, S., Sengupta, K., Sipilä, M., Tomé, A., Tröst, J., Väisänen, O., Wagner, A. C., Ylisirniö, A., Zha, Q., Baltensperger, U., Carslaw, K. S., Curtius, J., Flagan, R. C., Hansel, A., Riipinen, I., Smith, J. N., Virtanen, A., Winkler, P. M., Donahue, N. M., Kerminen, V.-M., Kulmala, M., Ehn, M., and Worsnop, D. R.

Abstract

Atmospheric new-particle formation (NPF) affects climate by contributing to a large fraction of the cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). Highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) drive the early particle growth and therefore substantially influence the survival of newly formed particles to CCN. Nitrogen oxide (NOₓ) is known to suppress the NPF driven by HOMs, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. Here, we examine the response of particle growth to the changes of HOM formation caused by NOₓ. We show that NOₓ suppresses particle growth in general, but the suppression is rather nonuniform and size dependent, which can be quantitatively explained by the shifted HOM volatility after adding NOₓ. By illustrating how NOₓ affects the early growth of new particles, a critical step of CCN formation, our results help provide a refined assessment of the potential climatic effects caused by the diverse changes of NOₓ level in forest regions around the globe.

Published
2020

14. Size-dependent influence of NO x on the growth rates of organic aerosol particles

Author

Yan, C., primary, Nie, W., additional, Vogel, A. L., additional, Dada, L., additional, Lehtipalo, K., additional, Stolzenburg, D., additional, Wagner, R., additional, Rissanen, M. P., additional, Xiao, M., additional, Ahonen, L., additional, Fischer, L., additional, Rose, C., additional, Bianchi, F., additional, Gordon, H., additional, Simon, M., additional, Heinritzi, M., additional, Garmash, O., additional, Roldin, P., additional, Dias, A., additional, Ye, P., additional, Hofbauer, V., additional, Amorim, A., additional, Bauer, P. S., additional, Bergen, A., additional, Bernhammer, A.-K., additional, Breitenlechner, M., additional, Brilke, S., additional, Buchholz, A., additional, Mazon, S. Buenrostro, additional, Canagaratna, M. R., additional, Chen, X., additional, Ding, A., additional, Dommen, J., additional, Draper, D. C., additional, Duplissy, J., additional, Frege, C., additional, Heyn, C., additional, Guida, R., additional, Hakala, J., additional, Heikkinen, L., additional, Hoyle, C. R., additional, Jokinen, T., additional, Kangasluoma, J., additional, Kirkby, J., additional, Kontkanen, J., additional, Kürten, A., additional, Lawler, M. J., additional, Mai, H., additional, Mathot, S., additional, Mauldin, R. L., additional, Molteni, U., additional, Nichman, L., additional, Nieminen, T., additional, Nowak, J., additional, Ojdanic, A., additional, Onnela, A., additional, Pajunoja, A., additional, Petäjä, T., additional, Piel, F., additional, Quéléver, L. L. J., additional, Sarnela, N., additional, Schallhart, S., additional, Sengupta, K., additional, Sipilä, M., additional, Tomé, A., additional, Tröstl, J., additional, Väisänen, O., additional, Wagner, A. C., additional, Ylisirniö, A., additional, Zha, Q., additional, Baltensperger, U., additional, Carslaw, K. S., additional, Curtius, J., additional, Flagan, R. C., additional, Hansel, A., additional, Riipinen, I., additional, Smith, J. N., additional, Virtanen, A., additional, Winkler, P. M., additional, Donahue, N. M., additional, Kerminen, V.-M., additional, Kulmala, M., additional, Ehn, M., additional, and Worsnop, D. R., additional

Published
2020
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17. Radiation Necrosis Following Five Daily Fractions of Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Surgical Cavities and Intact Brain Metastases

Author

Faruqi, S., primary, Soliman, H., additional, Myrehaug, S.D., additional, Zeng, K.L., additional, Husain, Z.A., additional, Atenafu, E., additional, Tseng, C.L., additional, Das, S., additional, Perry, J., additional, Maralani, P.J., additional, Heyn, C., additional, Mainprize, T., additional, Ruschin, M.E., additional, and Sahgal, A., additional

Published
2019
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21. Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) for Spinal Metastases at the Extremes of the Spine: Imaging-Based Outcomes for Cervical and Sacral Metastases

Author

Zeng, K.L., primary, Soliman, H., additional, Myrehaug, S.D., additional, Tseng, C.L., additional, Atenafu, E., additional, Campbell, M., additional, Faruqi, S., additional, Ruschin, M.E., additional, da Costa, L., additional, Yang, V., additional, Spears, J., additional, Heyn, C., additional, Maralani, P.J., additional, Whyne, C., additional, Yee, A., additional, and Sahgal, A., additional

Published
2018
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28. Dynamics of mass transport during nanohole drilling by local droplet etching

Author

Heyn, C, Bartsch, T, Sanguinetti, S, Jesson, D, Hansen, W, Hansen, W., SANGUINETTI, STEFANO, Heyn, C, Bartsch, T, Sanguinetti, S, Jesson, D, Hansen, W, Hansen, W., and SANGUINETTI, STEFANO

Abstract

Local droplet etching (LDE) utilizes metal droplets during molecular beam epitaxy for the self-assembled drilling of nanoholes into III/V semiconductor surfaces. An essential process during LDE is the removal of the deposited droplet material from its initial position during post-growth annealing. This paper studies the droplet material removal experimentally and discusses the results in terms of a simple model. The first set of experiments demonstrates that the droplet material is removed by detachment of atoms and spreading over the substrate surface. Further experiments establish that droplet etching requires a small arsenic background pressure to inhibit re-attachment of the detached atoms. Surfaces processed under completely minimized As pressure show no hole formation but instead a conservation of the initial droplets. Under consideration of these results, a simple kinetic scaling model of the etching process is proposed that quantitatively reproduces experimental data on the hole depth as a function of the process temperature and deposited amount of droplet material. Furthermore, the depth dependence of the hole side-facet angle is analyzed.

Published
2015

34. Magnetization of modulation doped Si/SiGe quantum wells in high magnetic fields

Author

Wilde, M.A., Rhode, M., Heyn, C., Schäffler, F., Zeitler, U., Haug, R.J., Heiman, D., Grundler, D., Menéndez, J., Van de Walle, C.G., Menéndez, J., and Van de Walle, C.G.

Subjects
2DES, Physics, de Haas-van Alphen effect, Condensed matter physics, Band gap, Magnetometer, Heterojunction, Correlated Electron Systems / High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML), Landau quantization, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, De Haas–van Alphen effect, law.invention, Magnetic field, Magnetization, law, ddc:530, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik, Konferenzschrift, Quantum well
Abstract

We have fabricated highly sensitive micromechanical cantilever magnetometers and, by this means, investigated the de Haas-van Alphen effect of a two-dimensional electron system in a modulation-doped Si/SiGe heterostructure. As a function of perpendicular magnetic field component B⊥ we observe at low temperature sawtooth-like oscillations of the magnetization M. These are found at even integer filling factors v = ns/(eB ⊥/h) = 4(N + 1) with N = 0, 1, 2..., when the chemical potential is in the Landau energy gap, and at v = (4N + 2) where the spin splitting of the Landau levels occurs. In particular, we also observe oscillations at odd v where the valley degeneracy is lifted. This signal increases significantly with B⊥. We discuss our findings in the framework of electron-electron interaction in the presence of disorder. © 2005 American Institute of Physics.

Published
2005

35. Spin-resolved conductance quantization in InAs

Author

Lehmann, H, primary, Benter, T, additional, von Ahnen, I, additional, Jacob, J, additional, Matsuyama, T, additional, Merkt, U, additional, Kunze, U, additional, Wieck, A D, additional, Reuter, D, additional, Heyn, C, additional, and Hansen, W, additional

Published
2014
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38. Magnetization of modulation doped Si/SiGe quantum wells in high magnetic fields

Author

Menéndez, J., Van de Walle, C.G., Wilde, M.A., Rhode, M., Heyn, C., Schäffler, F., Zeitler, U., Haug, R.J., Heiman, D., Grundler, D., Menéndez, J., Van de Walle, C.G., Wilde, M.A., Rhode, M., Heyn, C., Schäffler, F., Zeitler, U., Haug, R.J., Heiman, D., and Grundler, D.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext

Published
2005

45. Charged Excitons in the Quantum Hall Regime

Author

Schüller, C., primary, Broocks, K.B., additional, Schröter, P., additional, Heyn, C., additional, Heitmann, D., additional, Bichler, M., additional, Wegscheider, W., additional, Apalkov, V.M., additional, and Chakraborty, T., additional

Published
2004
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47. Book Reviews

Author

Kigel, Jaime, primary, Mayer, A.M., additional, Heyn, C. Clara, additional, Fahn, Abraham, additional, and Zelcer, Aaron, additional

Published
1995
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49. Pollination-dependent female reproductive success in a self-compatible outcrosser, <em>Asphodelus aestivus</em> Brot.

Author

Schuster, Ayelet, Noy-Meir, Imanuel, Heyn, C. Clara, and Dafni, Amots

Subjects
ASPHODELUS, PLANT fertilization, PLANT growth, POLLINATION, PLANT reproduction, PLANT physiology
Abstract

Experiments were carried out, during three years (1986-8), on a population of Asphodclus aestivus Brot. (Laltaceae) in a semi-arid environment, to test whether seed production of plants was limited by quantity and/or quality of pollen supply. The natural pollinators are mainly solitary bees. The fraction of flowers setting fruits varied from 8 to 40% between years. Fruit set of plants caged to exclude insects was less than 3%. This indicates that the plant is self-compatible, but due to the position of the anthers and stigma, insect visit are required for effective pollination. Cross-pollinated caged flowers set yet more fruits (59-82%) and much more (2.4 times) full seeds per fruit than self-pollinated flowers. The artificial addition of cross-pollen to flowers, in the natural environment, increased the mean number of full seeds per flower on the whole plant. Thus, natural reproduction was limited by insect pollination. A quantitative effect was indicated by a strong positive association between the number of pollen grains on a stigma and the probabilities of the flower maturing a fruit and of its ovules setting seeds. Furthermore, in 20-60% of flowers in the population, stigma loads were less than 13 pollen grains, which indicated very low probability of fruit maturation. A qualitative response was shown by the positive effect of artificially added cross-pollen on the number of full vs. empty seeds, and effect similar to that of cross-vs. self-population in caged plants. The proportion of full seeds developing in a clone of Asphodelus in the natural population was inversely related to the proportion of inflorescences in its neighbourhood that belonged to the same clone, which suggests that fertility is limited by an excess of pollen from the same clone being supplied by insects. It is concluded that female reproductive success of Aspltodelus aestivus in its natural environment depended on both the amount and origin of the pollen supplied by its pollinators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1993
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