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Background: The purpose of this study was to confirm that fully-immersive virtual reality (VR) instrumental activities of daily living (I-ADL) training is (1) safe and feasible for patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and (2) helpful for patients’ cognitive function and ADL performanceMethods: The VR system included simulation of I-ADL. The feasibility was assessed by using self-report satisfaction questionnaire, the level of the participants’ immersion, and a Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ). Before after VR training, the researchers assesse I-ADL scores, cognitive function, mood.Results: A total of 7 patients with MCI and mild dementia were recruited. Overall, the patients were highly satisfied. The mean immersion score was 50.42±7.89 points and the mean adherence was 83.71±6.10 points. Six patients experienced negligible side effects. After VR training, I-ADL scores improved significantly (PConclusion: The fully-immersive VR I-ADL training was feasible for patients with MCI and provided them with a high level of satisfaction and immersion.This program can help improve patients’ ADL, cognition, and mood. These findings suggest that VR I-ADL training programs can be used as a treatment tool for patients with MCI.

Vanadium diphosphide (VP2) and its graphite-modified composite (VP2@G) were fabricated using a fast and simple solid-state manner, and evaluated as Li-ion battery (LIB) anodes. The electrochemical Li-mechanism of VP2 was investigated using various ex situ tools. During Li-insertion, VP2 underwent a topotactic-reaction by the formation of LixVP2 (x ≤ 1.5), and then was converted to Li3P and V phases with a partially unconverted LixVP2 phase at the Li-inserted state of 0 V via a partial conversion reaction. Conversely, during Li-extraction, Li3P, V, and unconverted LixVP2 phases recombined fully into VP2. First, when VP2 was used the topotactic-reaction between LixVP2 and VP2 (potential region: 0.3–2.0 V), stable cycling performance with a high volumetric-capacity (595 mAh cm–3 after 100 cycles) and fast rate performance (~555 mAh cm–3 at 2 C and ~530 mAh cm–3 at 3 C) were attained. Additionally, the graphite-modified composite VP2@G (potential region: 0–2.0 V) also exhibited stable cycling performance with a high gravimetric-capacity (602 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles) and fast rate performance (~530 mAh g−1 at 1 C and ~470 mAh g−1 at 2 C), which was attributed to the well-dispersed nanocrystalline (~10–20 nm) VP2 in the Li-buffering graphite matrix. Therefore, the VP2 and VP2@G have high potential as a superior LIB anode.

Aims: To determine the effects of group-task-oriented training (group-TOT) on gross and fine motor function, activities of daily living (ADL) and social function of children with spastic cerebral p...

The characteristics of the divertor particle and heat fluxes are investigated during ELM bursts in ELMy H-mode plasmas with the lower single null (LSN) configuration in Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR). The particle and heat fluxes are evaluated from the electric probe measurements at the divertor region. It is found that the peak amplitude of the divertor flux during an ELM burst obtained near the outer strike point (OSP) decreases up to about 20% as the ELM frequency increases by a factor of ∼6.5 due to the ELM mitigation and the plasma shaping, which is similar to the trend of the amplitude versus the frequency of the ELM observed in other tokamaks. The ELMs are mitigated by using several methods as magnetic perturbation (MP) field, supersonic molecular beam injection (SMBI) and electron cyclotron heating (ECH) at the edge region. In addition, the particle flux, evaluated at the far scrape-off layer (SOL) region, is less than 1% of the divertor particle flux. In this work, results from the experimental investigations of particle and heat fluxes during ELM bursts from the electric probe measurements at the divertor and far SOL regions are presented.

Global Positioning System (GPS) is used in various fields such as communications systems, transportation systems, e-commerce, power plant systems, and up to various military weapons systems recently. However, GPS receiver is vulnerable to jamming signals as the GPS signals come from the satellites located at approximately 20,000 km above the earth. For this reason, various anti-jamming techniques have been developed for military application systems especially and it is also required for commercial application systems nowadays. In this paper, we proposed a dual-channel Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) RF ASIC for digital pre-correlation anti-jam technique. It not only covers all GNSS frequency bands, but is integrated low-gain/attenuation mode in low-noise amplifier (LNA) without influencing in/out matching and 14-bit analog-digital converter (ADC) to have a high dynamic range. With the aid of digital processing, jamming to signal ratio is improved to 77 dB from 42 dB with proposed receiver. RF ASIC for anti-jam is fabricated on a 0.18-μm complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology and consumes 1.16 W with 2.1 V (low-dropout; LDO) power supply. And the performance is evaluated by a kind of test hardware using the designed RF ASIC.

Analysis of Experimental Study Tendency on Oriental Herbal Medicines for Male Infertility- Focusing on Domestic Theses for a Degree -Sang-Eun Bae 1 , Hee-Jeong Kim 1 , Seung-Yeol Lee 1 , Heung-Su Kim 1 Chul-Soo Kim 2 , In-Hyuck Ha 3 , Jin-Ho Lee 31 Dept. of Oriental Obstetrics & Gynecology, Gang-Nam Jaseng Hospital of Oriental Medicine 2 Dept. of Oriental Obstetrics & Gynecology, An-San Jaseng Hospital of Oriental Medicine 3 Dept. of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Gang-Nam Jaseng Korean Medicine HospitalObjectives: The tendency of experimental studies on the male infertility w as analyzed through focusing on domestic theses for a degree to in dicate the hereafter direction for its study in oriental herbal medicine.Methods: 35 domestic theses for a degree published after 2003 were analyzed. And theses were classified by year, study design, degree and subjects.Results: The followings are the results of this study.1. 35 theses were reviewed. 11 master dissertations and 24 doct orate dissertations 2. In the annual publishing tendency, the number of theses bega n to increase from 2003 and the theses have been published actively from 2005.3. Classified by study design, 19 in vitro & in vivo and 16 in vitro experimental studies were performed.4. In the medication and prescription, the studies with single medication were 32, and prescription were 3. In the studies with single medication, four studies on Ginseng Radix (人蔘) were the most.5. In theses related to single medication, BoYang-Yak was most prefered, followed BoYeum-Yak, BoKi-Yak, SabJung-ChukNyo-JiDae-Yak.6. Analysed 35 theses by subject, concentrational experiments were 23, periodical experiment were 3, concentration al & periodical experiment was 1. 7. In theses related to herb medication, the themes were Body & testicular weight, sperm parameters, testosterone level, CREM mRNA level & CREM pr otein, seminiferous tubule and antioxidant activity.8. Related to herb medication's antioxidant activity efficacy w ere 7 theses.Conclusions: If there are more diverse studies on medication, prescription, external treatment methods and experiment methods in the future , this will be very helpful for the clinical treatment of male infertility. Key Words: Male Infertility, Oriental Herbal Medicine, Experimental Study, Infertility

Objectives: This study examines the views and entrepreneurship courses in the college of scholars at home and abroad for the entrepreneurship education through literature study, a survey based on the results. Methods/Analysis: This study measures the importance of individual subjects to a five-point scale to measure the importance of individual subjects, and second, individual subjects studied by measuring separately required, and to select the five major select each one. Findings: The commercialization of ideas is a virtuous tool to develop entrepreneurship and create economic foundation for this is acting as a key driver of the creative economy. The importance of entrepreneurship is and is growing, and also the number of school subjects to open entrepreneurship-related courses, but increased significantly, the design of the course; a combination of melting is insufficient process-centric reality. Application/Improvements: Subsequent research programs, including the operating linkage between curriculum content, organization of statistical research, subjects of entrepreneurship curriculum to complement the future if the survey is made even more likely to contribute to the systematization of entrepreneurship education.

The performance of a monopulse estimator is depend on its monopulse ratio(MR) curve. To improve its performance, a mathematical expression of the MR curve that is associated with an array the parameters is needed. In this paper, we present a novel monopulse estimator that uses the inverse function of a MR curve for the Maximum Likelihood (ML)-based monopulse estimator. It is shown that the proposed method can extend the linear region of the MR curve, which in turn improve the estimation accuracy. Moreover, it`s performance is compared with the ML-based method through simulation.

This paper presents the mathematical derivation of a maximum likelihood(ML)-based monopulse ratio(MR) curve. The derived form is, with the linear array assumed, shown to be the function of the number of array elements and the elements` spacing. Through some simulations, the acquired form is equivalent to the expected MR curve. Furthermore, we show the form, which consists of several terms, can be simplified by one tangent function.

Structural health monitoring has been conducted by non-destructive evaluation method when a turbine rotor system of an aircraft engine has cracks. Local stiffness of a turbine rotor system is degraded and critical speed is changed due to the presence of cracks in rotor. Critical speed which is affected by location and depth of crack, is obtained using compliance matrix of cracked rotor. The database of the obtained critical speed is used to evaluate structural health monitoring of a rotor system of a gas turbine engine.

In this paper a multiplication algorithm over GF((3/sup n/)/sup 3/) is presented and a method of constructing a multiplier is described. The architecture is based on a modified version of the Karatsuba-Ofman algorithm (KOA) and can be applied to the multiplication of polynomials over ((3/sup n/)/sup 3/). By determining optimized field polynomials of degree three, the last stage of the KOA and the module reduction can be combined. Finite fields are referred to as composite fields. This is a parallel canonical basis multiplier with low gate counts and low delay. The architectures are highly modular and well suited for VLSI implementation.

Presented is a novel monopulse estimator that uses the inverse function of a monopulse ratio (MR) curve of the maximum likelihood (ML)-based monopulse estimator. The proposed estimator exploits the fact that the ML-based MR curve is approximated by one tangent function. The proposed estimator works in two steps, in which the ML-based estimator is applied first and then its output is corrected by the inverse function of the MR curve of the ML-based estimator. Its derivation is presented, in addition to simulation results showing that it outperforms the conventional ML-based estimator.

Bacillus species are aerobic, gram-positive, spore forming rods that are usually found in the soil, dust, streams, and other environmental sources. Except for Bacillus. anthracis (B. anthracis), most species display low virulence, and only rarely cause infections in hosts with weak or damaged immune systems. There are two case reports of B. cereus as a potentially serious bacterial pathogen causing a liver abscess in an immunologically competent patient. We herein report a case of liver abscess and sepsis caused by B. pantothenticus in an immunocompetent patient. Until now, no case of liver abscess due to B. pantothenticus has been reported.