Search

Purpose: To systematically review the literature to determine whether the laboratory and clinical performance of glass-ionomer cement (GIC) is influenced by surface conditioning with polyacrylic acid (PAA). Materials and Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42016039305). A comprehensive literature search was conducted in seven electronic databases considering clinical and laboratory studies published up to July 2018, with no limit on year of publication. Two reviewers independently selected papers, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. Of 141 eligible studies, 23 were fully analyzed. A total of 15 studies (12 laboratory and three clinical trials) were included in the systematic review and three laboratory studies concerning the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) were included in the meta-analysis. Results: The meta-analysis showed that pretreating the surface with PAA before using GIC significantly improved the μTBS (OR = 3.17; 95% CI: 0.51-5.83; p = 0.02). In the longitudinal clinical trials, no significant difference was observed between applying PAA or not into the cavities before using GIC. Risk of bias was considered high in all study designs. Conclusion: Surface preconditioning with PAA has a positive effect on the bond strength of GIC. However, this finding was not confirmed in longitudinal clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To systematically evaluate the association of individual and contextual social capital with oral health outcomes in children and adolescents. Methods: Electronic searches were performed in PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus databases for articles published from 1966 up to June 2021. Two calibrated reviewers screened and critically appraised the identified papers. Observational studies that evaluated the relationship of individual or/and contextual social capital or their proxies with oral health outcomes in children and adolescents using validated methods were included. Quality assessment was conducted using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale. Data were extracted for narrative synthesis and meta‐analysis followed by a meta‐regression model. Meta‐analysis using random effects method was used to estimate pooled prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Of the 3060 studies initially retrieved, 31 were included in the systematic review and 21 in the meta‐analysis, totalling 81 241 individuals. The clinical outcomes included dental caries and gingival bleeding and subjective outcomes were oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) and self‐rated oral health (SROH). Individuals with lower levels of individual social capital had a higher prevalence of poor clinical (PR 1.11; 95%CI 1.02–1.22) and subjective (PR 1.25; 95%CI 1.09–1.45) oral health conditions. The prevalence of worse clinical (PR 1.34; 95%CI 1.11–1.61) and subjective (PR 1.56; 95%CI 1.13–2.16) oral health outcomes were also associated with lower levels of contextual social capital. In general, the contextual level of social capital exerted more impact, and the subjective oral health outcomes were the more affected. Conclusions: Contextual and individual social capital were positively related to oral health outcomes, such as dental caries, gingival bleeding, SROH and OHRQoL in children and adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A key factor for the success and longevity of the endodontic treatment is sealing of the cavity after restorative treatment. Aim: The aim of this randomised clinical trial was to evaluate the 1‐year survival of endodontic treatment in primary molars restored with stainless steel crowns (SSCs) and bulk fill composite resin (BF). As a secondary outcome, the acceptance of both children and parents was evaluated. Design: Ninety‐one 3‐ to 8‐year‐old children with at least one primary molar requiring endodontic treatment were selected. Participants were randomized to SSC or BF and evaluated after 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. An acceptance questionnaire was completed immediately after the treatment. The primary outcome was the endodontic treatment success, evaluated in the intention‐to‐treat (ITT) population using the Kaplan‐Meier and non‐inferiority Cox regression analyses, with a non‐inferiority limit of 15%. Sensitivity analysis between the success rates after 1 year was performed using Miettinen‐Nurminen's method. The Mann‐Whitney test was used to compare the treatment acceptance (α = 5%). Results: The survival rate after 1 year was BF = 75% and SSC = 88% (HR = 1.41; 90% CI 0.57‐3.43). ITT analysis showed a success rate of BF = 86.7% and SSC = 82.6% (RR = 0.95; 0.78‐1.16). The non‐inferiority hypothesis between the survival of endodontic treatment could not be proved in both analyses (P >.05). The overall acceptance scores did not differ between the restorative groups (P >.05). Conclusion: This study failed to show non‐inferiority of BF compared with the SSC. The materials were well accepted by both children and their parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the efficacy of atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) sealants vs. no sealant in preventing the development of dentine caries lesions in first permanent molars over a period of 3 years. A total of 187 schoolchildren (aged 6–8 years) from a low-income population presenting the 4 first permanent molars without clinically detectable dentine caries lesions were selected to be part of a split-mouth clinical trial. All 4 first permanent molars were investigated in this trial and the children's mouth was split vertically into left and right sides; therefore, 2 molars were randomly allocated to receive ART sealants, while the other 2 molars remained nonsealed. All children received toothbrushing instructions and dietary advice every 6 months for a period of 3 years. Clinical evaluations were performed after 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months and both sealant retention and dental caries were scored. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, log-rank test, and Cox regression with shared frailty analysis were performed. A cavitated dentine caries lesion was considered a failure. The cumulative survival rates of dentine cavity-free first permanent molars were 90% for ART-sealed molars and 90.8% for nonsealed molars, with no statistically significantly difference between sealed and nonsealed molars (p = 0.70). The retention of sealants was not associated with the development of cavitated dentine caries and children presenting a higher baseline caries experience had greater chances of developing dentine lesions. In conclusion, the application of ART sealants was not more efficacious than nonsealing in reducing the development of dentine cavitated lesions in first permanent molars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Untreated caries on primary molars often leads to pulp inflammation and extraction. Aim: To retrospectively investigate the effect of pulp inflammation and extraction of primary molars on their successors regarding alignment in the dental arch and developmental enamel defects (DED). Design: The participants in this study were children at public schools in Petropolis (Brazil), who participated in a 3‐year longitudinal clinical trial. Children (N = 44) were selected for the present study if they had at least one erupted premolar of which the predecessor primary molar presented pulp inflammation at baseline or during any of the 6‐month follow‐up assessments. All premolars were examined for DED and misalignment. Distinction was made between extraction performed before (E <8) or after the age of 8 years (E ≥8). Distinction was also made between pulp inflammation occurred before (P < 7) or after the age of 7 years (P ≥ 7). A logistic regression analysis was performed, and the odds ratio was calculated. Results and conclusions: Misalignment occurred more frequently in E <8 as compared to E ≥8 (OR = 2.85; P =.03). There was no significant difference in DED between P < 7 and P ≥ 7. Conclusion: Misalignment of premolars occurs more frequently when the predecessor primary molars are extracted before the age of 8 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]