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The efficiency of drug delivery administered by inhalation depends, among other factors, such as size and shape of aerosol particles, significantly also on the flow in the airways. As many lung diseases change both the breathing pattern and the shape of airways, we focus in this study on the influence of several selected diseases on the distribution of flow between the lung lobes and on changes the diseases induce on the course of flowrate. First, we present results of a literature survey focused on the published records of pathological breathing patterns. In the second part, we describe the newly designed breathing simulator and the implementation of the patterns into it. The last part is focused on the experimental verification of fidelity of the simulated breathing patterns.

An abstract of the medical research "THE RAT SMALL INTESTINE IN SITU PERFUSION TECHNIQUE AS A TOOL FOR BIOEQUIVALENCE ESTIMATION OF SUSPENSION DRUG FORMS," by Martin Kunes, Jaroslav Kvetina, Pavel Kubant, Milan Nobilis, Ilona Smidova, Vladimir Herout and Zbynek Svoboda is presented.

Objectives: The aim was the utilization of capsule microscopy and other diagnostic techniques for prospective pre-clinical research of absorption and biotransformation mechanisms of xenobiotics in the intestinal wall after induction of gastrointestinal dysfunction. Consequently, there is a demonstration of the extrems of gastrointestinal lesions development induced with indomethacin as a representative of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug., Methods: The experimental animal species were small adult pigs (n=10; body weight 30-35 kg; 4-5 months old) used for their relative physiological and metabolic resemblance to man. The following experimental methods were used for diagnostic verification of gastrointestinal lesions (damage scale: 1 - erosions, red spots, inflammatory infiltration, 2 - single ulcers, 3 - strings of ulcers): endoscopic image for the diagnostics of gastro-duodenal segment (in vivo conditions), confocal laser microscopy (ex vivo imaging) and optical light microscopy (in vitro), small intestinal imaging by means of wireless capsule enteroscopy (in vivo), macroscopic findings and optical light microscopy (after animal sacrifice)., Results: The mutual confrontation of used methodological approaches proved the conformity in the frequency and extent of damage in the gastric wall and caecum, partly in the duodenal wall and terminal ileum. The signs of first-degree damage were discovered in the jejunal-ileal segment., Conclusions: The scale of lesions in particular gastrointestinal segments was verified using the combination of five diagnostic techniques for prospective utilisation of non-invasive capsule enteroscopy for the through-control of mucosal state.