Search

Northern red oak (Quercus rubra L. syn. Q. borealis F. Michx.) is a valuable broadleaved tree species originating from the eastern half of the USA and Canada. It was introduced to Europe in 1691 and currently covers over 350 000 ha, being found all over the continent, except the coldest part of Scandinavia. It is a fast-growing and valuable broadleaved tree due to its ecological characteristics, good wood properties and high economic value. Northern red oak prefers deep, loose, moderately humid and acid soils, without compact horizons and of at least moderate fertility. It does not grow well on dry, calcareous soils as well as waterlogged or poorly drained soils. It is either naturally regenerated using a group shelterwood system or planted using seedlings of European provenance, collected in certified seed stands. As northern red oak is light-demanding, its management should be 'dynamic' and includes heavy interventions (cleaning–respacing and thinning from above), in order to minimize crown competition between the final crop trees. These should produce large diameter trees for valuable end uses (e.g. veneer, solid furniture, lumber, etc.) within a rotation period generally of 80–100 years. The necessity for pruning (both formative and high) depends on the stand stocking at establishment, the subsequent silvicultural interventions as well as the occurrence of forking. The adaptation potential of northern red oak to predicted climate change, especially drought, seems to be higher than for European native oaks, the importance of the species is expected to increase in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Willow short rotation coppice was developed in Europe in the last decades due to increased of renewable energy importance. In order to identify and produce fast-growing willow, well adapted to a wide range of environment and also to pest and disease, research have been made. In Romania willow short rotation coppice has been developed from 2005, exclusively on agricultural, non-forest land. Swedish clone Inger was the most used clone to established willow short rotation coppice, but a few others were used especially in small experimental trails. In order to test the performance of Swedish willow clones and the ability of Romanian willow for SRC, a comparative analyze of 14 willow genotypes, seven Swedish clones ('Inger', 'Jorr', 'Olaf', 'Torra', 'Tordis', 'Torhild', 'Sven') and seven Romanian ones ('RO892', 'RO1077', 'RO1082', 'Cozia_1', 'Fragisal', 'Pesred', 'Robisal') were established in Western Romania. The differences between clones in terms of sprouting capacity and biometric observation (diameter at the base of the shoot and the maximum height of the shoot per stool) were highlighted. Clone 'Inger' and 'Sven' showed good performance in the specific soil and climatic condition analyzed, the other Swedish clones do not perform well. Good results were obtained by Romanian clones 'RO1077' and 'RO892'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Norway maple is important mixture specie in the forests of our country. Although the area occupied by this specie is not very large, it is found spectrum from plain area to the mountain. Mostly, however the specie meets in the hilly storey, sessile oak stand, European beech stand, European beech -- sessile oak mixed stand, followed by the hilly storey with Quercus species (sessile oak, Turkey oak, Hungarian oak, mixed stands and hill mixed hardwood forest). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our country, Thuja is not regarded as a very important forest species, due to its slow growing habit and it does not reach impressive sizes. Nonetheless, it is frequently used in parks and gardens, due to is decorative aspect and it can be easily modeled into different and desired shapes. It is a medium size tree that can reach up to 20 m. In ornamental arrangements it is usually found as shrub. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on green space arrangement using landscape style in Timisoara City, Romania. It describes the land location of the garden. The city is located at the interference of maritime air masses of Western origins with continental air masses and intermingles with warm and cold air masses that traverse the Mediterranean Sea. The strong influence of vegetation justifies the preoccupations of people involved in city planning and garden designing.

Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Steud. It is exotic specie that came from China. The specie was introduced in our country especially for their big leaves and the flowers abundance. It is sensitive to frost which produce frost injury but it has a great capacity to send out suckers and sprout. The specie is fast growing. This is the reason why seedlings were planted in forest territory starting with 1973. Most of these forests cultures do not exist any more. In order to studies the Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Steud. comportment, there has been established a plantation stand on the land of Agricultural University. The plantation stand was made in the spring of 2007 with pot seedlings. The soil has been prepared by plough. The seedlings have been planted in pits by 30/30/30cm. The planted distances were 4.5 x 2.0m. There have been used two clones, 892 seedlings by USA clone and 131 seedlings by B clone. At the beginning of August 2007 there has been made the first inventory. The result shows that 395 seedlings from USA clone and 78 seedlings by B clone were found. That means 44% for USA clone and 60% for B clone. The second inventory was made at the end of September. 287 seedlings from USA clone (32%) and 73 seedlings from B clone (56%) were registered. These is the reason why a cutting-back action was made. The inventory made on September 2007 showed that the maximum height for seedlings was 57 cm for B clone and 54 cm for USA clone. The values of height are smaller that the ones know from the literature. The delay which the plantation was made and the short vegetation season can explain this fact. More then date, the summer 2007 was very hot, with extremely high temperature. The attempt to cultivate the specie in Timisoara land an about 1 hectare area showed the sensitive of this species to the high temperature in summer. The survival percent of seedlings get down from 46% in August to 35% in September. The heights of seedlings were small so a cutting-back auction were made in the spring of 2008. The next auctions will consist in shoot cutting. The most vigorous shoot will be keep for each paulownia sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quercus rubra L. (Q. borealis Michx.) - Red oak, American red oak, was introduced in Europe at the end of the VII century especially in western and central Europe. In our country has been frequently used like a decorative species in parks or for alley, but also as a forest tree, in plantations in the west of the country, Mihăieşti, Lipova (Neudorf Park), and Cristian Râşnov - Brasov, Sabed -Mures (especially Q. borealis var. Maxima), etc. In the west part of the country the specie was extended to about 1 650 metres in Forest Săcuieni (Bihor) District. In Timisoara Forest District, red oak is widespread in 16 compartments with a total area of 68.8 hectares and an area of 24.09 actually occupied by red oak. The actually areas occupied by red oak was determined by multiplying the compartment areas, the percentage of specie participation in stand composition and crown density of the stand. If we compare the percent of the area occupied by species from this Forest District, Quercus rubra represent less than 1% for total area of the Forest District. The analysis of the distribution of the red oak by ages shows that stands with red oak are situated in the first three classes of age that means stands less than 60 years old... The biggest area with red oak is found in the third class witch represents 76% of the total area with red oak compare with the second class (3%) and first class (21%). Stands with red oak in their composition are situated between 90 and 250 meters. These are found on two altitudinal belt: FD2 - hilly altitudinal plant belt with Quercus sp. (sessile oak, Turkey oak, Hungarian oak, mixed stands) and hill mixed hardwood forest (88%), CF = FC - Forest plane (12%). According with forest site conditions and climatic conditions were identified eight types of natural forests: hill mixed hardwood forest, Turkey oak stands, Turkey oak and Hungarian oak stands, mixed between Hungarian oak, Turkey oak and mezophyte oaks, mixed hardwood forest with Turkey oak, mixed hardwood forest with Hungarian oak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To achieve the proposed objectives researches were conducted in 16 experimental blocks where intensive treatments were applied. These experimental blocks were located in all forest formations and geographic areas where these treatments have a high percent of application Measurements and observations concerning regeneration, particular the regeneration rate on the one hand and factors influencing regeneration such as "openings" (plots), crown density of the stand, percentage of tree volume removal etc. on the other hand were made. Quatro+ multiple regression analysis was use for statistical analysis. After determining the main factors which influencing regeneration, it was establish their optimal size and recommendations for production have been made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]