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Este PID se centra en la elaboración e implementación de modelos de aplicación docente para seminarios de prácticas (orales, archivos y otras) en el Grado de Historia, con atención particular al área de conocimiento de Historia Contemporánea.

El presente Trabajo de Fin de Grado se centrará en una intervención educativa destinada a mejorar habilidades socioemocionales en el área de inglés en el curso de 4º de Educación Primaria. Se reconoce que estas habilidades son cruciales para el desarrollo integral del alumnado, afectando no solo en el ámbito educativo, sino también en la capacidad de adaptarse a diversas situaciones en la sociedad actual. Este trabajo pretende innovar al integrar las habilidades socioemocionales en el aprendizaje del inglés como Lengua Extranjera. La propuesta abordará situaciones interpersonales, tales como conflictos, dinámicas de grupo, mediante una intervención educativa enfocada en mejorar habilidades sociales en el área de inglés. Todo el trabajo de intervención con estudiantes de entre 9 y 10 años en el área de inglés está basado en fundamentación teórica, así como en el currículo de Educación Primaria. Los resultados de la intervención muestran la importancia y la necesidad de trabajar en el ámbito educativo las habilidades socioemocionales. Se ha observado cómo se ha sentido el alumnado al expresar sus emociones en una lengua que no era la suya, la lengua inglesa, a través de dinámicas., Grado en Educación Primaria

Atherosclerosis, a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases requires approaches to enhance disease monitoring and treatment. Nanoparticles offer promising potential in this area by being customisable to target components or molecular processes within plaques, while carrying diagnostic and therapeutic agents. However, the number of biomarkers available to target this disease is limited. This study investigated the use of sphingomyelin-based nanomicelles triggered by sphingomyelinase (SMase) in atherosclerotic plaques. Accumulation of iron oxide-based nanomicelles in the plaque was demonstrated by fluorescence, MR imaging and electron microscopy. These findings demonstrate the possibility of utilising SMase as a mechanism to retain nanoprobes within plaques, thus opening up possibilities for future therapeutic interventions.

La relación entre la enfermedad tromboembólica venosa (ETV) y el cáncer representa un desafío en la práctica clínica. La trombosis venosa profunda (TVP) y la tromboembolia pulmonar (TEP) se asocian con un incremento en la mortalidad en pacientes oncológicos. Este compendio de publicaciones tiene como objetivo abordar situaciones controvertidas en la trombosis asociada al cáncer (TAC) para guiar a los clínicos en la toma de decisiones. El aumento de la incidencia de ETV incidental en pacientes con cáncer plantea interrogantes sobre el pronóstico, especialmente en aquellos con TEP incidental. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo en el que evaluamos el efecto de la TVP incidental en la mortalidad en pacientes con TEP incidental. Entre 2010 y 2018, se incluyeron 200 pacientes, de los cuales el 31% tenía TVP incidental concomitante y el 40,1% falleció durante el seguimiento. La mortalidad no aumentó en los pacientes con TVP (cociente de riesgo [CR] 1,01; IC del 95%: 0,43-2,75; p=0,855). En el análisis multivariante, el peso (CR ajustado: 0,96; IC del 95%: 0,92-0,99; p=0,032) y la metástasis (CR ajustado: 10,26; IC del 95%: 2,33-44,9; p=0,002) fueron factores predictivos de la mortalidad. En conclusión, el bajo peso y la presencia de metástasis se asociaron con la mortalidad, mientras que la presencia de TVP concomitante no se relacionó con una peor supervivencia. Las guías de práctica clínica recomiendan que los pacientes con ETV incidental reciban el mismo tratamiento anticoagulante que aquellos con ETV sintomática, no obstante, existe una falta de datos sobre las complicaciones a largo plazo en estos pacientes. Se realizó un análisis post hoc de estudios prospectivos en pacientes con TAC entre 2008 y 2019, siendo el resultado principal las tasas de ETV recurrente y hemorragia clínicamente relevante (HCR) en grupos de ETV incidental y sintomática. Se incluyeron 796 pacientes con TAC, de los cuales el 42,8% presentaba una ETV incidental. No se observaron diferencias signi

This article focuses on the Na2O-Ga2O3-TiO2 system, which is barely explored in the study of transparent conductive oxides (TCOs). NaxGa4+xTin−4−xO2n−2 (n = 5, 6, and 7 and x ≈ 0.7–0.8) materials were characterized using neutron powder diffraction and aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy. Activation energy, as a function of different structures depending on tunnel size, shows a significant improvement in Na+ ion conduction from hexagonal to octagonal tunnels. New insights into the relationship between the crystal structure and the transport properties of TCOs, which are crucial for the design and development of new optoelectronic devices, are provided., Depto. de Química Inorgánica, Fac. de Ciencias Químicas, TRUE, pub

Contrary to molecular species, only very few solids are reported to host manganese (V) species. Herein, we report three new compounds with a hydroxyapatite structural backbone built on the MnVO4 3− anion: Sr5[(Mn1−xSix)O4]3(OH)1−3x (x = 0 and 0.053), Sr5(MnO4)3(OH)1−yFy (y = 0.90), and Sr5[(Mn1−xSix)- O4]3F1−3x (x = 0.058). These solids are fully characterized using powder X-ray and neutron powder diffraction, scanning transmission electron microscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), thermogravimetric analysis, and magnetic measurements. Especially, we report for the first time EELS Mn−L2,3 spectra of manganese with the oxidation state (V). Contrary to other Mn(V) oxides, these solids and the nominal compound Sr5(MnO4)3OH do not comprise Ba2+ cations but rely only on Sr2+ cations, showing that barium is not a required element to stabilize Mn(V) species in inorganic solids. We show that by tuning soft chemistry conditions on the one hand and post-treatment topological transformation conditions on the other hand, Mn(V) and hydroxyl groups can be substituted by Si(IV) and fluoride ions, respectively. Hence, we deliver solids with a potentially wide composition range. These compounds show significant oxygen anionic conduction, thus suggesting the emergence of new functional materials built from high-oxidation state manganese cations., Depto. de Química Inorgánica, Fac. de Ciencias Químicas, TRUE, pub

New insights into the chemical and structural features of iron or titanium-doped KxMnO2 hollandites are reported. Neutron diffraction and atomically resolved transmission electron microscopy elucidate the localization of the dopant cations that could be one of the key factors governing the functional activity of these nanomaterials., Depto. de Química Inorgánica, Fac. de Ciencias Químicas, TRUE, pub

Contrary to molecular species, only very few solids are reported to host manganese (V) species. Herein, we report three new compounds with a hydroxyapatite structural backbone built on the MnVO43– anion: Sr5[(Mn1–xSix)O4]3(OH)1–3x (x = 0 and 0.053), Sr5(MnO4)3(OH)1–yFy (y = 0.90), and Sr5[(Mn1–xSix)O4]3F1–3x (x = 0.058). These solids are fully characterized using powder X-ray and neutron powder diffraction, scanning transmission electron microscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), thermogravimetric analysis, and magnetic measurements. Especially, we report for the first time EELS Mn–L2,3 spectra of manganese with the oxidation state (V). Contrary to other Mn(V) oxides, these solids and the nominal compound Sr5(MnO4)3OH do not comprise Ba2+ cations but rely only on Sr2+ cations, showing that barium is not a required element to stabilize Mn(V) species in inorganic solids. We show that by tuning soft chemistry conditions on the one hand and post-treatment topological transformation conditions on the other hand, Mn(V) and hydroxyl groups can be substituted by Si(IV) and fluoride ions, respectively. Hence, we deliver solids with a potentially wide composition range. These compounds show significant oxygen anionic conduction, thus suggesting the emergence of new functional materials built from high-oxidation state manganese cations., Depto. de Química Inorgánica, Fac. de Ciencias Químicas, TRUE, pub

En el ámbito educativo, la geometría ha sido reconocida como una disciplina fundamental para el desarrollo del pensamiento espacial, la resolución de problemas y el razonamiento lógico. Sin embargo, a menudo los estudiantes encuentran dificultades para comprender y aplicar los conceptos geométricos de manera significativa. La enseñanza tradicional de esta materia ha demostrado limitaciones para mantener el interés y la participación activa de los estudiantes, lo que ha generado la necesidad de explorar enfoques pedagógicos innovadores., Departamento de Didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales y Experimentales, Grado en Educación Primaria

Nanoemulsions (NE) are lipid nanocarriers that can efficiently load hydrophobic active compounds, like palmitoyl-L-carnitine (pC), used here as model molecule. The use of design of experiments (DoE) approach is a useful tool to develop NEs with optimized properties, requiring less experiments compared to trial-and-error approach. In this work, NE were prepared by the solvent injection technique and DoE using a two-level fractional factorial design (FFD) as model was implemented for designing pC-loaded NE. NEs were fully characterized by a combination of techniques, studying its stability, scalability, pC entrapment and loading capacity and biodistribution, which was studied ex-vivo after injection of fluorescent NEs in mice. We selected the optimal composition for NE, named pC-NE, after analysis of four variables using DoE. pC-NE incorporated pC in a very efficient manner, with high entrapment efficiency (EE) and loading capacity. pC-NE did not change its initial colloidal properties stored at 4 °C in water during 120 days, nor in buffers with different pH values (5.3 and 7.4) during 30 days. Moreover, the scalability process did not affect NE properties and stability profile. Finally, biodistribution study showed that pC-NE formulation was predominantly concentrated in the liver, with minimal accumulation in spleen, stomach, and kidneys.

Proton therapy allows the treatment of specific areas and avoids the surrounding tissues. However, this technique has uncertainties in terms of the distal dose fall-off. A promising approach to studying the proton range is the use of nanoparticles as proton-activatable agents that produce detectable signals. For this, we developed an iron oxide nanoparticle doped with Zn (IONP@Zn-cit) with a hydrodynamic size of 10 nm and stability in serum. Cytotoxicity, defined as half of the surveillance, was 100 μg Zn/mL in the U251 cell line. The effect on clonogenic cell death was tested after X-ray irradiation, which suggested a radioprotective effect of these nanoparticles at low concentrations (1–10 μg Zn/mL). To evaluate the production of positron emitters and prompt-gamma signals, IONP@Zn-cit was irradiated with protons, obtaining prompt-gamma signals at the lowest measured concentration (10 mg Zn/mL). Finally, 67Ga-IONP@Zn-cit showed accumulation in the liver and spleen and an accumulation in the tumor tissue of 0.95% ID/g in a mouse model of U251 cells. These results suggest the possibility of using Zn nanoparticles as proton-activatable agents to verify the range by prompt gamma detection and face the challenges of prompt gamma detection in a specific biological situation, opening different avenues to go forward in this field.