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This study describes the methodology developed and the results obtained about the geometric behaviour of walls and pillars of one of the most prominent rock-cut funerary structures of the Middle Kingdom period located in the Necropolis of Qubbet el-Hawa. More specifically, we selected the hypostyle hall of the QH31 hypogeum, one of the greatest in the Necropolis, to apply this methodology. The main objective is related to obtaining geometrical aspects of walls and pillars in order to understand the constructive procedure carried out almost four millennia ago. The methodology was based on photogrammetric and TLS surveys that allowed us to obtain a complete combined 3D model of the structure, geometrically contrasted and with real texture. From this product we obtained a high density point cloud, where some planes were fitted considering the walls and pillars that defined the structure. These planes were characterized by their normal vectors, which were used to analyse several geometric aspects such as inclinations, parallelism and perpendicularity. As results, we have obtained important information about the level of accuracy of the constructive procedure carried out by the ancient Egyptians. In this sense, the values obtained allow us to suggest and confirm several hypotheses about the construction of this hypogeum. The proposed methodology has demonstrated its feasibility for determining these geometric aspects of funerary structures through the analysis of the fitted planes obtained from the 3D model.

Proteins with a catalytically inactive LytM-type endopeptidase domain are important regulators of cell wall-degrading enzymes in bacteria. Here, we study their representative DipM, a factor promoting cell division in Caulobacter crescentus. We show that the LytM domain of DipM interacts with multiple autolysins, including the soluble lytic transglycosylases SdpA and SdpB, the amidase AmiC and the putative carboxypeptidase CrbA, and stimulates the activities of SdpA and AmiC. Its crystal structure reveals a conserved groove, which is predicted to represent the docking site for autolysins by modeling studies. Mutations in this groove indeed abolish the function of DipM in vivo and its interaction with AmiC and SdpA in vitro. Notably, DipM and its targets SdpA and SdpB stimulate each other’s recruitment to midcell, establishing a self-reinforcing cycle that gradually increases autolytic activity as cytokinesis progresses. DipM thus coordinates different peptidoglycan-remodeling pathways to ensure proper cell constriction and daughter cell separation.

In order to improve the applicability of criminal typologies, Spanish intimate partner violence against women offender subtypes (i.e., high instability/high antisociality, HiHa; low instability/high antisociality, LiHa, high instability/low antisociality, HiLa; low instability/low antisociality, LiLa) were matched with their police recidivism outcomes in a longitudinal study of 9,672 cases extracted from the VioGén System. Individuals with high antisociality features showed the highest recidivism (26.5% HiHa; 22.6% LiHa) and multi-recidivism rates (10.7% HiHa; 8.1% LiHa), and were more likely to be reported for new severe violent episodes against their victims (8.1% LiHa; 7.7% HiHa;) and to violate the protective orders imposed (28.8% HiHa; 28.1% LiHa). Following risk-need-responsivity principles, HiHa and LiHa offenders should be assigned higher intensity treatment programs than LiLa and HiLa individuals. Additionally, the risk posed by all offender subtypes decreased during the follow-up period; however, HiHa offenders presented with the highest risk over time and had a longer police monitoring. Considering this, law enforcement agencies should deploy the most intense police protection measures for victims of HiHa individuals. With regard to prison data, individuals with greater antisociality (HiHa and LiHa) and criminal versatility (generalist batterers) were the most represented in prison; therefore, it would be advisable to include therapeutic ingredients for common offenders in prison-based batterer intervention programs.

RESUMEN Introducción: Mediante la realización de este estudio se pretende conocer las condiciones en las que trabajan los especialistas en medicina del trabajo en España. Metodología: Desarrollo de una encuesta con 57 preguntas contestadas de manera anónima, que tratan aspectos generales de las condiciones socioeconómicas, demográficas, organizativas, formativas y del entorno psicosocial, en formato digital distribuida mediante correo electrónico entre los especialistas en medicina del trabajo a nivel nacional a través de las diferentes sociedades científicas. Resultados: Obtenidas n=478 encuestas completas, con reparto homogéneo en relación al sexo (mujeres 51% vs. Hombre 49%) con una edad media de 50,72 años, siendo más del 45% mayor de 55 años. Remuneración media entre 45-50 mil euros bruto/año con distribución en SPA (41%) vs SPP (37%) y con contratos por cuenta ajena estable y fijo en el 84%. En cuanto a las condiciones de trabajo, en más del 27% se han recibido amenazas, vejaciones o exclusión laboral, y un 55% considera que tiene una carga excesiva de trabajo. En relación a la formación, el 64% ha recibido al menos 20 h en el último año, pero solo 21% ha publicado en los últimos 3 años. Conclusiones: Los especialistas en Medicina del trabajo conforman un colectivo envejecido con una edad media de 50 años y con la tasa de reposición más baja de todas las especialidades médicas, que cuenta con condiciones laborales estables y retribuciones medias entre 45-50 mil euros anuales. Encontramos diferencias según la modalidad de servicio de prevención en donde se trabaja. ABSTRACT Introduction: By perfoming this study it is intended to know the conditions in which Specialists in Occupational Medicine work in Spain. Methodology: Development of a survey with 57 questions answered anonymously, dealing with general aspects of socio-economic, demographic, organizational, training and psychosocial environment, in digital format distributed by email among specialists in occupational medicine nationwide of the different scientific societies. Results: Obtained n = 478 complete surveys, with homogeneous distribution in relation to sex (women 51% vs. Man 49%) with an average age of 50,72 years, being more than 45% over 55 years. Average compensation between 45-50 thousand euros gross / year with distribution in SPA (41%) vs SPP (37%) and with contracts for stable and fixed third-party accounts in 84%. Threats, harassment or labor exclusion have been received in more than 27%, and 55% consider that they have an excessive workload. In relation to training, 64% have received at least 20 hours in the last year, but only 21% have published in the last 3 years. Conclusion: The specialists in Occupational Medicine make up an aged group with an average age of 50 years and with the lowest replacement rate of specialist training, which has stable working conditions and average salaries between 45-50 thousand euros per year. We found differences according to the type of prevention service where you work.

Purpose: This study investigates the relationship between whole-body bioimpedance vector displacement, using bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA), and renal function through serum biomarkers [creatinine, urea, sodium, C-reactive protein (CRP), and creatine kinase] and urine biomarkers after a marathon. Methods: Bioimpedance measurements were taken among 19 non-elite runners at 24 h pre-race, immediately post-race, and at 48 h post-race. The bioimpedance measurements were analyzed by BIVA using the Hotelling's T2 test. The runners were divided according to a cutoff of serum creatinine level immediately post-race in G1 (

There is scarce evidence about the prognosis of venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery and in patients suffering non-surgical trauma. We used the RIETE database (Registro Informatizado de pacientes con Enfermedad Trombo Embólica) to compare the prognosis of venous thromboembolism and the use of thromboprophylaxis in patients undergoing different orthopedic procedures and in trauma patients not requiring surgery. From March 2001 to March 2015, a total of 61,789 patients were enrolled in RIETE database. Of these, 943 (1.52%) developed venous thromboembolism after elective arthroplasty, 445 (0.72%) after hip fracture, 1,045 (1.69%) after non-major orthopedic surgery and 2,136 (3.46%) after non-surgical trauma. Overall, 2,283 patients (50%) initially presented with pulmonary embolism. Within the first 90 days of therapy, 30 patients (0.66%; 95% CI 0.45-0.93) died from pulmonary embolism. The rate of fatal pulmonary embolism was significantly higher after hip fracture surgery (n = 9 [2.02%]) than after elective arthroplasty (n = 5 [0.53%]), non-major orthopedic surgery (n = 5 [0.48%]) or non surgical trauma (n = 11 [0.48%]). Thromboprophylaxis was more commonly used for hip fracture (93%) or elective arthroplasty (94%) than for non-major orthopedic surgery (71%) or non-surgical trauma (32%). Major bleeding was significantly higher after hip fracture surgery (4%) than that observed after elective arthroplasty (1.6%), non-major orthopedic surgery (1.5%) or non-surgical trauma (1.4%). Thromboprophylaxis was less frequently used in lower risk procedures despite the absolute number of fatal pulmonary embolism after non-major orthopedic surgery or non-surgical trauma, exceeded that observed after high risk procedures.

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard treatment for gallbladder stones. Complications due to laparoscopic procedure are rare, but rate of wound infection in some studies is about 8 %. From January 2007 to December 2008, 320 laparoscopic cholecystectomies were performed at our hospital, and in 4.7 % of them, wound infection of the umbilical trocar was identified. We believe that this infection rate could be lower and that it is necessary to implement a new technique to reduce the wound infection. The aim of the study was to evaluate the benefits of bag extraction of gallbladder to prevent the wound infection. METHODS: Two-arm, parallel, 1:1, randomised controlled trial (ISRCTN38095251). All patients suffering from symptomatic gallbladder stones of low risk were enrolled for this study and were divided into two groups in basics gallbladder extraction: with (80 patients) or, as usually, without bag (76 patients). All patients with cholecystitis or accidental gallbladder perforation were excluded. We compared all the results to establish whether meaningful differences were found. RESULTS: The final sample analysed (156 patients) consisted of 121 women and 35 men; there were 80 in the control group and 76 in the study group. There were 15 (9.6 %) diagnosed wound infections, eight cases in the study group and seven in the control group. There were no statistically significant differences. CONCLUSIONS: The determinant of wound infection in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy is not the direct contact of the gallbladder with the wound; therefore, bag extraction is not necessary.

The post-operative management of appendectomy for acute appendicitis is based primarily on the operative findings. The surgeon describes the severity of the disease, and antibiotic therapy is administered accordingly. The histologic findings are not always considered in the decision about the management and may not be correlated with the clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to investigate the agreement between the surgeon's intra-operative visual description of the appendix and the pathologist's report in a consecutive series of patients with acute appendicitis. Complications were analyzed in relation to the classification.

In this work, different one-way slab solutions have been studied for a reference building, with spans from 5 to 10 meters, based on the most frequent uses in building in terms of material quantities, and environmental criteria based on CO2 emissions generated during production. We have been able to evaluate the different systems and how post-tensioning slabs allow for optimization of material resources. The current status of low production of post-tensioning flat slabs is actually related to a combination of reasons such as lack of technical knowledge, developments in currents codes in each country resulting in higher material consumption, or inertia in the workplace with resistance to changing systems which are apparently satisfactory. But above all, it is necessary to introduce sustainability criteria in construction based on reducing CO2 emissions and also on a more responsible consumption of raw materials. Se ha realizado un estudio de soluciones de forjado sobre un edificio de referencia con luces de cinco a diez metros en un esquema unidireccional que recoja usos frecuentes en edificación. Se ha obtenido el consumo de materiales y cuantificado el impacto medioambiental con un criterio basado en emisiones de CO2 generadas en la etapa de producción. Una vez analizados los resultados, se han podido valorar los diferentes sistemas y concluir cómo el pretensado de armadura postesa presenta una gran optimización de recursos. El desconocimiento de las técnicas, los desarrollos de la normativa actual que inciden en mayores gastos materiales o, simplemente, las inercias de trabajo que se resisten al cambio de sistemas conocidos aparentemente satisfactorios, son factores responsables de su mínima implantación. Pero sobre todo, es necesaria la aplicación global de criterios de sostenibilidad basados en reducción de emisiones y gasto energético, así como de un consumo más responsable de materia prima.

Within the quality virgin olive oils produced in Spain, Catalonia has two of the six currently existing Origin Denominations (Garrigues and Siurana). Their production of extra virgin oil proceeds of the «Arbequina» cultivar, approximately 8.000 tm, distributed between the CD «Garrigues», in Lleida (5.000 tm), and «Siurana» in Tarragona (3.000 tm). These oils are very appreciated at domestic as well as at international level because of their excellent taste. In the last years, this variety is being expanded in other regions of Spain (Andalusia, Aragon, etc.) and over the worid (Argentina, France, etc.). The physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of «Arbequina» virgin olive oils produced are studied, mainly in Catalonia, Andalusia and Aragon. The obtained preliminary results indicate that some quality parameters of the «Arbequina» oil are variable, being cultivated in different environments, mainly certain fatty acids, polyphenols, oxidative stability and some sensory attributes of the oil. Dentro de los aceites de oliva vírgenes de calidad que se producen en España, Cataluña destaca por tener dos denominaciones de origen (Garrigues y Siurana) de las seis actualmente existentes. La producción de aceite virgen extra de las mismas procede de la variedad «Arbequina», aproximadamente 8.000 tm, repartidas entre las D. O. «Garrigues», en Lleida (5.000 tm), y «Siurana» en Tarragona (3.000 tm). Estos aceites son muy apreciados tanto a nivel nacional como internacional por sus excelentes características organolépticas. En los últimos años, esta variedad se está extendiendo por España (Andalucía, Aragón, etc.) y otros países del mundo (Argentina, Francia, etc.). Se estudian las características físico-químicas y sensoriales de los aceites de oliva vírgenes de la variedad «Arbequina» producidos, principalmente, en Cataluña, Andalucía y Aragón. Los resultados preliminares obtenidos indican que algunos parámetros del aceite de «Arbequina» varían significativamente al cultivaría en diferentes medios agrológicos, principalmente, determinados ácidos grasos, polifenoles, estabilidad y algunos atributos sensoriales del aceite.

La malformación del mango es una de las enfermedades más importantes que afectan a este cultivo en todo el mundo causando importantes pérdidas económicas. Este trabajo pone de manifiesto de manera concluyente la presencia por primera vez de la malformación del mango en España y la determinación de su agente causal., ayudas CICE-Junta de Andalucía, Proyecto de Excelencia P07-AGR-02471, cofinanciado con fondos FEDER (UE). Asimismo ha recibido ayudas de un convenio con SAT-2803 TROPS, Reyes Gutiérrez S.L. y Viveros Brokaw S.L.

Trabajo presentado en el VII World Avocado Congress, celebrado en Cairns (Australia) del 5 al 9 de septiembre de 2011., [ES] Se compararon cuatro materias orgánicas en dos fases, la primera de 2004 a 2007 y la segunda de 2008 a 2011. Se aportaron en kg.arbol-1.año: - Compost envejecido de varias materias vegetales con minerales (4,8 y 19,9). - Compost de estiércol de vaca + leonardita (7,7 y 8,8). - Compost de estiércol de gallina ponedora (6,5 y 8,7). - Empajado de cáscara de almendra (377 kg.arbol-1 en una sola aplicación en 2004). Todos los árboles recibieron además anualmente de promedio N - 64, P2O5 -24 y K2O - 8 kg.ha-1 a través del sistema de riego por microaspersión. En la primera fase, con un marco de 8x4 m, el diseño era en bloques al azar con 16 árboles por tratamiento y un árbol por tratamiento y parcela elemental. No se observaron diferencias entre tratamientos, en contenidos foliares de macro o micronutrientes. Sólo el compost de gallina ponedora mostró efectos ligeramente positivos pero no significativos en cosecha, tamaño de fruto y productividad. En la segunda fase, después de la cosecha de 2008 se arrancaron la mitad de los árboles separándose los sistemas radiculares con pantallas plásticas. Tras una cosecha de transición (2009), para permitir el establecimiento del nuevo sistema radicular, se presentan las cosechas medias del bienio 2010-2011. El de gallina ponedora destacó significativamente en concentración foliar de N y en todos los parámetros productivos, especialmente en productividad., [EN] Four organic materials were compared in two phases, the first from 2004 to 2007 and the second from 2008 to 2011. The following amounts were supplied in kg.tree-1.year-1 in the two phases: - Old vegetables compost with mineral rocks (4.8 and 19.9) - Cow compost with leonardite (7.7 and 8.8) - Laying hens compost (6.5 and 8.7) - Almond shell mulch (377 kg.tree-1 only in 2004) All trees received annually through the microirrigation system an average of N - 64, P2O5 - 24 and K2O - 8, kg.ha-1. In phase one, with 8x4 m. planting distances, the design was on randomized blocks with single tree plots and 16 replicates. Only the laying hens compost showed slightly but not significantly improved yield, fruit size and tree efficiency. No clear differences in leaf nutrient levels were observed. In phase two, after the 2008 crop, half of the trees were pulled up and a plastic screen was installed to separate the root systems. After discarding the transition crop of 2009, to allow for the establishment of the new root system, the mean crop parameters for 2010-2011 are presented. The laying hens compost showed significantly higher leaf N concentration and crop parameters, especially tree efficiency.

Trabajo presentado en el VII World Avocado Congress, celebrado en Cairns (Australia) del 5 al 9 de septiembre de 2011., [EN] The experiment was carried out on adult trees growing on slightly calcareous shale soil. Eight treatments were compared during six years: - B application through the irrigation water acidified or not with HNO3 - Soil application of Zn, with or without strong initial acidification with S, of a 60 cm diameter area. to pH 6.8. - B applied through the irrigation water plus Zn applied on initially strongly acidified soil, as before. Foliar Cu was applied only in the first two years of the experiment. - B applied through the irrigation water and Zn to the soil, with slight acidification with S of the 60 cm diameter application area. - Irrigation with HNO3 - Untreated control. acidified water (pH =6.8). The design was on randomized blocks with four replicates and four trees per plot. Treatments very significantly increased leaf contents of the applied micronutrients. AII treatments increased number of fruits and yields relative to control but differences were not generally statistically significant. Only B+Zn with slight soil acidification and irrigation with HN03 acidified water showed statistically significant differences. Results support the application of B and Zn to increase leaf contents above 30 mg kg -1 Key Words: Avocado, B, Zn, Cu, S, nitric acid, growth, yield . The slight acidification of soil or irrigation water deserves further studies. Strong initial soil acidification with S does not appear promising., [ES] El experimento se realizó con árboles adultos en suelo pizarroso ligeramente calizo. Se compararon ocho tratamientos durante seis años: - Aplicación de B a través del agua de riego, acidificada o no con HNO3 , a pH 6,8. - Aplicación de Zn al suelo, con o sin fuerte acidificación inicial del mismo con S, sobre un área de 60 cm. de diámetro. - B aplicado a través del agua de riego más Zn aplicado en suelo inicialmente acidificado como antes. Se añadió Cu foliar sólo en los dos primeros años del ensayo. - B aplicado a través del agua de riego y Zn al suelo, con ligera acidificación con S del área de aplicación de 60 cm. de diámetro. - Riego con agua acidificada con HNO3 (pH=6,8) - Testigo no tratado. El diseño era en bloques al azar con cuatro repeticiones y cuatro árboles por parcela elemental. Los tratamientos aumentaron muy significativamente los contenidos foliares de los micronutrientes aplicados. Todos los tratamientos aumentaron el número de frutos y la cosecha en relación con el testigo pero las diferencias no eran normalmente estadísticamente significativas. Sólo B+Zn con ligera acidificación del suelo y riego con sólo agua acidificada mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Los resultados apoyan la aplicación de B y Zn para incrementar el contenido foliar por encima de 30 mg kg-1. La acidificación ligera del suelo o del agua de riego merecen estudios posteriores. No parece de interés la fuerte acidificación inicial del suelo con S.

The project and construction experience of building structures permit to affirm that greatest part of this structures usually are concrete frames with one way slab. This is the reason to develop this systematic study about the influence that concrete and steel used have in this structures. The aim is to give some criteria to geometric structure definition and the materials choice. We have calculated 80 structure buildings modified the height (small, intermediate and tall, with 5,12 and 20 tipical flats over ground, respectively), the concrete class (HI 75, H200, H250, H300, H400 y H500), the steel types (AEH400 and AEH500), the distance between columns (short and long, 5,00 and 6,00 m, respectively) and the slab depth (24. 26 and 29 cm). When the calculation results were obtained (as shown on a set of tables and graphs), we made an analysis of materials cost (concrete and steel) and the surface occupied for the columns. La experiencia en el proyecto y ejecución de estructuras de edificación permite afirmar que, en un porcentaje muy elevado de ocasiones, se encuentran constituidas por pórticos de hormigón armado y forjados unidireccionales. Este hecho ha sido la causa fundamental que ha motivado el desarrollo de este estudio sistemático sobre la influencia que en estas estructuras puede tener el tipo de hormigón y acero utilizados, persiguiendo como objetivo final facilitar unos criterios para la definición geométrica de la estructura y la elección de materiales. Se ha procedido al cálculo de 80 edificios clasificados en función de la altura (bajo, medio y alto, con 5, 12 y 20 plantas tipo sobre rasante, respectivamente), el tipo de hormigón (H175, H200, H250, H300, H400 y H500), el tipo de acero (AEH400 y AEH500), la luz entre pilares (corta y larga, con 5,00 y 6,00 m, respectivamente) y el canto del forjado (24, 26 y 29 cm, siendo la viga plana). Tras la obtención de los resultados (presentados en una serie de tablas y gráficos), se realiza un análisis de los costes del material (hormigón y acero) y de la superficie ocupada por los pilares.

This document make a general review of de new Structural Concrete Instruction "EHE". It describe the aspects that súpose a modification or a new contribution in relation to previous Reinforced Concrete and Prestressed Concrete Instructions. En el presente artículo se realiza un repaso general de la nueva Instrucción de Hormigón Estructural "EHE". Se describen los aspectos de la misma que suponen una modificación o una nueva aportación, respecto a las anteriores Instrucciones de Hormigón Armado y Hormigón Pretensado.

The present note makes a description about the last international buildings designed and constructed with high performance concrete (HPC). The general typology and the structures elements are detailed and analysed. Finally we had some conclusions about general design criteria that we could follow for future actions. En el presente artículo se realiza una descripción de algunas de las últimas realizaciones internacionales de edificios proyectados y construidos con estructura de hormigón de alta resistencia (HAR). Se detalla y analiza la tipología general y los elementos estructurales que la constituyen. Finalmente se obtiene una serie de conclusiones sobre criterios generales de proyecto que podrían seguirse para futuras actuaciones.