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Item does not contain fulltext, BACKGROUND: Apnoea of prematurity (AOP) is one of the most common diagnoses among preterm infants. AOP often leads to hypoxemia and bradycardia which are associated with an increased risk of death or disability. In addition to caffeine therapy and non-invasive respiratory support, doxapram might be used to reduce hypoxemic episodes and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation in preterm infants, thereby possibly improving their long-term outcome. However, high-quality trials on doxapram are lacking. The DOXA-trial therefore aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of doxapram compared to placebo in reducing the composite outcome of death or severe disability at 18 to 24 months corrected age. METHODS: The DOXA-trial is a double blinded, multicentre, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted in the Netherlands, Belgium and Canada. A total of 396 preterm infants with a gestational age below 29 weeks, suffering from AOP unresponsive to non-invasive respiratory support and caffeine will be randomized to receive doxapram therapy or placebo. The primary outcome is death or severe disability, defined as cognitive delay, cerebral palsy, severe hearing loss, or bilateral blindness, at 18-24 months corrected age. Secondary outcomes are short-term neonatal morbidity, including duration of mechanical ventilation, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and necrotising enterocolitis, hospital mortality, adverse effects, pharmacokinetics and cost-effectiveness. Analysis will be on an intention-to-treat principle. DISCUSSION: Doxapram has the potential to improve neonatal outcomes by improving respiration, but the safety concerns need to be weighed against the potential risks of invasive mechanical ventilation. It is unknown if the use of doxapram improves the long-term outcome. This forms the clinical equipoise of the current trial. This international, multicentre trial will provide the needed high-quality evidence on the efficacy and safety of doxapram in the treatment of AOP in p

In deze Focus op ... het gebruik van mengmest in granen 4 artikelen over: 1) Aandacht voor bemesting van granen. 2) Wat denkt de Bodemkundige Dienst over het gebruik van mengmest? 3) Mogelijkheden van mengmest in de graanteelt. 4) Gebruik van mengmest in de polders.

Het Landbouwcentrum Granen (lcg) legt jaarlijks bemestingsproeven aan in wintertarwe. Ze vormen de basis voor de adviezen voor de adviezen voor het nieuwe seizoen

Als gevolg van het mestdecreet, nitraatresidumetingen en de lage graan- en hoge meststofprijzen staat het gebruik van mengmest in de graanteelt opnieuw in de belangstelling. Het LCG voerde proeven uit om de mogelijkheden binnen het mestdecreet te bekijken. Enerzijds werden er objecten aangelegd om de nawerking van de mengmest te kunnen nagaan, anderzijds legde men objecten aan waarin men tracht een zo laag mogelijk nitraatresidu te behalen in het najaar, met behoud van opbrengst.

Het Vlaams Mestdecreet definieert de nitraatresiduwaarde in het najaar als de hoeveelheid stikstof (kg N/ha) in het bodemprofiel tot 90 cm diepte, in de periode van 1 oktober tot 15 november. Tot 31 december 2008 lag deze nitraatresidunorm op 90 kg N/ha en tot vandaag is er nog geen nieuwe norm vastgesteld.

Bladluizen kunnen het dwergvergelingsvirus, dat de dwergvergelingsziekte veroorzaakt, overbrengen en zo heel wat schade aanbrengen in wintergerst en wintertarwe. Een bladluisbestrijding in het najaar en het vroege voorjaar moet de overdracht van dit virus voorkomen. Een preventieve zaaizaadbehandeling met insecticide kan een eventuele insecticidenbehandeling na de uitzaai over het gewas uitsparen.

PURPOSE: to report a case of severe ocular hypertension occurring as a complication after a single intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide for the treatment of a diabetic cystoid macular edema. METHODS: interventional case report. RESULTS: a 63-year-old pseudophakic diabetic woman developed a severe and relatively sudden IOP increase to 50 mm Hg one month after receiving a single 4-mg intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide for a chronic progressive macular cystoid edema. Previously the patient who did not develop corticosteroid-induced glaucoma secondary to her cataract surgery was treated with topical beta-blockers for a mild chronic bilateral ocular hypertension. A deep sclerectomy had to be performed in emergency to avoid optic nerve damage and allowed to successfully control the IOP with a 5 month follow-up. Concomitantly visual acuity could be increased from 0.05 before the intravitreal injection to 0.4. CONCLUSIONS: Although unfrequent in the literature, this observation confirms the risk of occurrence of a severe ocular hypertension after intravitreal injection of triamcinolone. A close monitoring of IOP is mandatory after intravitreal injection, especially in patients with altered trabecular function. This potentially devastating complication has to be weighed up with the benefices of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone for improving visual acuity in patients with clinically significant diabetic macular edema.

Over the last two decades, multiple studies have been conducted and many articles published about Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs). These studies mainly describe the characteristics of SAPs and analyse their economic consequences as well as their effects upon a variety of sectors: health, education, agriculture and environment. However, very few focus on the sociological and cultural effects of SAPs. Following a summary of SAP's content and characteristics, the paper briefly discusses the historical course of SAPs and the different critiques which have been made. The cultural consequences of SAPs are introduced and are described on four different levels: political, community, familial, and individual. These levels are analysed through examples from the literature and individual testimonies from people in the Southern Hemisphere. The paper concludes that SAPs, alongside economic globalisation processes, are responsible for an acute breakdown of social and cultural structures in societies in the South. It should be a priority, not only to better understand the situation and its determining factors, but also to intervene and act with strategies that support and reinvest in the social and cultural sectors, which is vital in order to allow for individuals and communities in the South to strengthen their autonomy and identity., SCOPUS: re.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

info:eu-repo/semantics/published