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3. Adrenaline-induced mobilization of T cells in HIV-infected patients

Author

Søndergaard, S R, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Ullum, H, Wiis, J, Hermann, C K, Laursen, S B, Qvist, J, Gerstoft, J, Skinhøj, P, Pedersen, Bente Klarlund, Søndergaard, S R, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Ullum, H, Wiis, J, Hermann, C K, Laursen, S B, Qvist, J, Gerstoft, J, Skinhøj, P, and Pedersen, Bente Klarlund

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate lymphocyte mobilization from peripheral cell reservoirs in HIV-infected patients. Nine HIV-infected patients on stable highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART), eight treatment-naive HIV-infected patients and eight HIV- controls received a 1-h adrenaline infusion. The adrenaline infusion induced a three-fold increase in the concentration of lymphocytes in all three groups. All HIV-infected patients mobilized significantly higher numbers of CD8+ cells but less CD4+ cells. All subjects mobilized CD45RA+CD62L+ and CD8+CD28+ cells to a lesser extent than CD45RO+CD45RA- and CD8+CD28-cells. Furthermore, high numbers of CD8+CD38+ cells were mobilized only in the HIV-infected patients. It was therefore predominantly T cells with an activated phenotype which were mobilized after adrenaline stimulation. It is concluded that the HIV-associated immune defect induced an impaired ability to mobilize immune-competent cells in response to stress stimuli. Furthermore, the study does not support the idea that CD4+ T cells are trapped in lymph nodes by HIV antigens, because untreated and HAART-treated HIV-infected patients mobilized similar numbers of CD4+ T cells. Finally, no evidence was found for the existence of a HAART-induced non-circulating pool of CD4+ T cells.

Published
2000

4. Bakterielle infektioner som komplikation til hundebid

Author

Hermann, C K, Hansen, P B, Bangsborg, Jette Marie, Pers, C, Hermann, C K, Hansen, P B, Bangsborg, Jette Marie, and Pers, C

Abstract

Dog bites may result in serious bacterial infections with e.g. the gram-negative rods Capnocytophaga canimorsus and Pasteurella multocida. Human disease caused by these microorganisms can be complicated by acute development of septicaemia and/or meningitis followed by disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, peripheral gangrene and renal failure. The mortality of C. canimorsus septicaemia is about 23-31%. These severe infections are most often reported in immunocompromised patients and occur a few days after the bite. By reviewing the literature it is concluded that the broadest prophylactic coverage is obtained by amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and that antibiotic prophylaxis should be given to all immunocompromised patients experiencing a dog bite. Moreover, prophylactic treatment should be initiated for all patients with greater penetrating wounds and those involving the hands.

Published
1998

7. [Bacterial infections as complications of dog bites].

Author

Hermann CK, Hansen PB, Bangsborg JM, and Pers C

Subjects
Animals, Antibiotic Prophylaxis, Bacteria, Aerobic isolation & purification, Bacteria, Anaerobic isolation & purification, Bacterial Infections microbiology, Bacterial Infections prevention & control, Bites and Stings microbiology, Dogs, Humans, Prognosis, Risk Factors, Wound Infection prevention & control, Bacterial Infections transmission, Bites and Stings complications, Wound Infection microbiology
Abstract

Dog bites may result in serious bacterial infections with e.g. the gram-negative rods Capnocytophaga canimorsus and Pasteurella multocida. Human disease caused by these microorganisms can be complicated by acute development of septicaemia and/or meningitis followed by disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, peripheral gangrene and renal failure. The mortality of C. canimorsus septicaemia is about 23-31%. These severe infections are most often reported in immunocompromised patients and occur a few days after the bite. By reviewing the literature it is concluded that the broadest prophylactic coverage is obtained by amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and that antibiotic prophylaxis should be given to all immunocompromised patients experiencing a dog bite. Moreover, prophylactic treatment should be initiated for all patients with greater penetrating wounds and those involving the hands.

Published
1998

8. [Multiorgan failure and peripheral gangrene following a superficial dog bite].

Author

Hermann CK and Hansen PB

Subjects
Acute Kidney Injury etiology, Acute Kidney Injury microbiology, Acute Kidney Injury therapy, Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage, Bites and Stings microbiology, Bites and Stings therapy, Capnocytophaga isolation & purification, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation drug therapy, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation etiology, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation microbiology, Dogs, Female, Gangrene surgery, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections drug therapy, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections microbiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Organ Failure microbiology, Multiple Organ Failure therapy, Respiratory Insufficiency etiology, Respiratory Insufficiency microbiology, Respiratory Insufficiency therapy, Sepsis drug therapy, Sepsis microbiology, Wound Infection drug therapy, Bites and Stings complications, Gangrene microbiology, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections complications, Multiple Organ Failure etiology, Wound Infection microbiology
Abstract

One case of life-threatening disease caused by the gram-negative rod Capnocytophaga canimorsus and a similar case without verification are presented. The severe diseases developed two to three days after a superficial dog bite and were characterized by acute development of septicaemia and fulminant disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome. Moreover, the cases were complicated by renal failure, respiratory insufficiency and peripheral gangrene.

Published
1998

9. Dementia: a costly problem.

Author

Hermann CK

Subjects
Aged, Dementia diagnosis, Dementia epidemiology, Female, Health Care Costs, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Research, United States, Dementia economics
Published
1992
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10. Dementia with coexistent major depression.

Author

Greenwald BS, Kramer-Ginsberg E, Marin DB, Laitman LB, Hermann CK, Mohs RC, and Davis KL

Subjects
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antidepressive Agents therapeutic use, Cognition, Comorbidity, Depressive Disorder therapy, Electroconvulsive Therapy, Female, Humans, Length of Stay, Male, Middle Aged, New York City, Dementia epidemiology, Depressive Disorder epidemiology
Abstract

Eleven percent (N = 25) of 232 dementia patients seen in an active geropsychiatry service also met criteria for major depression. Ten patients with dementia/depression were prospectively compared with 10 non-depressed demented and 33 nondemented depressed patients on pretreatment and posttreatment ratings of depression and cognition/memory. Seventy percent (N = 7) of the dementia/depression group and 73% (N = 24) of the depression-only group responded to antidepressant therapy. Signs and symptoms of depression complicating dementia were similar to depressive phenomena in the depression-only group. Depression with dementia appeared to lower performance on cognitive tests. Following treatment, although cognitive impairment remained in the demented range, test performance improved.

Published
1989
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