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1. Small babies, big risks: global estimates of prevalence and mortality for vulnerable newborns to accelerate change and improve counting

Author

Ashorn, Per, Black, Robert E, Lawn, Joy E, Ashorn, Ulla, Klein, Nigel, Hofmeyr, G Justus, Temmerman, Marleen, Askari, Sufia, Ohuma, Eric O, Moller, Ann-Beth, Bradley, Ellen, Chakwera, Samuel, Hussain-Alkhateeb, Laith, Lewin, Alexandra, Okwaraji, Yemisrach B, Retno Mahanani, Wahyu, White Johansson, Emily, Lavin, Tina, Estevez Fernandez, Diana, Gatica Domínguez, Giovanna, de Costa, Ayesha, Cresswell, Jenny A, Krasevec, Julia, Blencowe, Hannah, Requejo, Jennifer, Moran, Allisyn C, Pingray, Veronica, Cormick, Gabriela, Gibbons, Luz, Belizan, José, Guevel, Carlos, Warrilow, Kara, Gordon, Adrienne, Flenady, Vicki, Sexton, Jessica, Lawford, Harriet, Paixao, Enny S., Rocha Falcão, Ila, Lima Barreto, Mauricio, Lisonkova, Sarka, Wen, Qi, Mardones, Francisco, Caulier-Cisterna, Raúl, Acuña, José, Velebil, Petr, Jirova, Jitka, Horváth-Puhó, Erzsébet, Sørensen, Henrik Toft, Sakkeus, Luule, Abuladze, Liili, Gissler, Mika, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Heidarzadeh, Mohammad, Khalili, Narjes, A. Yunis, Khalid, Al Bizri, Ayah, Nakad, Pascale, Devi Karalasingam, Shamala, R Jeganathan, J Ravichandran, binti Baharum, Nurakman, Suárez-Idueta, Lorena, Barranco Flores, Arturo, Gonzalez Roldan, Jesus F, Lopez Alvarez, Sonia, van Dijk, Aimée E., Broeders, Lisa, Huicho, Luis, Quezada Pinedo, Hugo G, Cajachagua-Torres, Kim N, Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M, Tarazona Meza, Carla Estefania, Guzman-Vilca, Wilmer Cristobal, Olukade, Tawa O., Ali, Hamdy A., Alyafei, Fawziya, AlQubaisi, Mai, Alturk, Mohamad R, Kim, Ho Yeon, Cho, Geum Joon, Razaz, Neda, Söderling, Jonas, Smith, Lucy K, Kurinczuk, Jennifer J, Matthews, Ruth J, Manktelow, Bradley N, Draper, Elizabeth S, Fenton, Alan C, Lowry, Estelle, Rowland, Neil, Wood, Rachael, Monteath, Kirsten, Pereyra, Isabel, Pravia, Gabriella, Davis, Celina, Clarke, Samantha, Wu, Lee S.F., Yoshida, Sachiyo, Bahl, Rajiv, Grandi, Carlos, Labrique, Alain B, Rashid, Mabhubur, Ahmed, Salahuddin, Roy, Arunangshu D., Haque, Rezwanul, Shaikh, Saijuddin, Baqui, Abdullah H., Saha, Samir K., Khanam, Rasheda, Rahman, Sayedur, Shapiro, Roger, Zash, Rebecca, Silveira, Mariângela F., Buffarini, Romina, Kolsteren, Patrick, Lachat, Carl, Huybregts, Lieven, Roberfroid, Dominique, Zeng, Lingxia, Zhu, Zhonghai, He, Jianrong, Qui, Xiu, Gebreyesus, Seifu H., Tesfamariam, Kokeb, Bekele, Delayehu, Chan, Grace, Baye, Estifanos, Workneh, Firehiwot, Asante, Kwaku P., Boanmah-Kaali, Ellen, Adu-Afarwuah, Seth, Dewey, Kathryn G., Gyaase, Stephaney, Wylie, Blair J., Kirkwood, Betty R., Manu, Alexander, Thulasiraj, Ravilla D, Tielsch, James, Chowdhury, Ranadip, Taneja, Sunita, Babu, Giridhara R, Shriyan, Prafulla, Maleta, Kenneth, Mangani, Charles, Acevedo-Gallegos, Sandra, Rodriguez-Sibaja, Maria J., Khatry, Subarna K., LeClerq, Steven C., Mullany, Luke C., Jehan, Fyezah, Ilyas, Muhammad, Rogerson, Stephen J., Unger, Holger W., Ghosh, Rakesh, Musange, Sabine, Ramokolo, Vundli, Zembe-Mkabile, Wanga, Lazzerini, Marzia, Mohamed, Rishard, Wang, Dongqing, Fawzi, Wafaie W., Minja, Daniel T.R., Schmiegelow, Christentze, Masanja, Honorati, Smith, Emily, Lusingu, John P.A., Msemo, Omari A., Kabole, Fathma M., Slim, Salim N., Keentupthai, Paniya, Mongkolchati, Aroonsri, Kajubi, Richard, Kakuru, Abel, Waiswa, Peter, Walker, Dilys, Hamer, Davidson H., Semrau, Katherine E.A., Chaponda, Enesia B., Chico, R. Matthew, Banda, Bowen, Musokotwane, Kebby, Manasyan, Albert, Pry, Jake M., Chasekwa, Bernard, Humphrey, Jean, Shamim, Abu Ahmed, Christian, Parul, Ali, Hasmot, Klemm, Rolf D.W., Massie, Alan B., Mitra, Maithili, Mehra, Sucheta, Schulze, Kerry J., Shamim, Abu Amed, Sommer, Alfred, Ullah, Barkat, West, Keith P., Jr, Begum, Nazma, Chowdhury, Nabidul Haque, Islam, Shafiqul, Mitra, Dipak Kumar, Quaiyum, Abdul, Diseko, Modiegi, Makhema, Joseph, Cheng, Yue, Guo, Yixin, Yuan, Shanshan, Roro, Meselech, Shikur, Bilal, Goddard, Frederick, Haneuse, Sebastien, Hunegnaw, Bezawit, Berhane, Yemane, Worku, Alemayehu, Kaali, Seyram, Arnold, Charles D., Jack, Darby, Amenga-Etego, Seeba, Hurt, Lisa, Shannon, Caitlin, Soremekun, Seyi, Bhandari, Nita, Martines, Jose, Mazumder, Sarmila, Ana, Yamuna, R, Deepa, Hallamaa, Lotta, Pyykkö, Juha, Lumbreras-Marquez, Mario I., Mendoza-Carrera, Claudia E., Hussain, Atiya, Karim, Muhammad, Kausar, Farzana, Mehmood, Usma, Nadeem, Naila, Nisar, Muhammad Imran, Sajid, Muhammad, Mueller, Ivo, Ome-Kaius, Maria, Butrick, Elizabeth, Sayinzoga, Felix, Mariani, Ilaria, Urassa, Willy, Theander, Thor, Deloron, Phillippe, Nielsen, Birgitte Bruun, Muhihi, Alfa, Noor, Ramadhani Abdallah, Bygbjerg, Ib, Moeller, Sofie Lykke, Aftab, Fahad, Ali, Said M., Dhingra, Pratibha, Dhingra, Usha, Dutta, Arup, Sazawal, Sunil, Suleiman, Atifa, Mohammed, Mohammed, Deb, Saikat, Kamya, Moses R., Nakalembe, Miriam, Mulowooz, Jude, Santos, Nicole, Biemba, Godfrey, Herlihy, Julie M., Mbewe, Reuben K., Mweena, Fern, Yeboah-Antwi, Kojo, Bruce, Jane, Chandramohan, Daniel, Prendergast, Andrew, Idueta, Lorena Suárez, Hazel, Elizabeth, Erchick, Daniel J, Yargawa, Judith, Katz, Joanne, Lee, Anne C C, Diaz, Mike, Salasibew, Mihretab, Hayashi, Chika, and Borghi, Elaine

Published
2023
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3. Single-test syphilis serology: A case of not seeing the forest for the trees

Author

Zulu, Ethan Mabvuto, primary, Herlihy, Julie M., additional, Duffy, Cassandra R., additional, Mwananyanda, Lawrence, additional, Chilengi, Roma, additional, Forman, Leah, additional, Heeren, Tim, additional, Gill, Christopher J., additional, Chavuma, Roy, additional, Payne-Lohman, Barbara, additional, and Thea, Donald M., additional

Published
2024
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4. Population-based rates, timing, and causes of maternal deaths, stillbirths, and neonatal deaths in south Asia and sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-country prospective cohort study

Author

Ahmed, Imran, Ali, Said Mohammed, Amenga-Etego, Seeba, Ariff, Shabina, Bahl, Rajiv, Baqui, Abdullah H, Begum, Nazma, Bhandari, Nita, Bhatia, Kiran, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Biemba, Godfrey, Deb, Saikat, Dhingra, Usha, Dube, Brinda, Dutta, Arup, Edmond, Karen, Esamai, Fabian, Fawzi, Wafaie, Ghosh, Amit Kumar, Gisore, Peter, Grogan, Caroline, Hamer, Davidson H, Herlihy, Julie, Hurt, Lisa, Ilyas, Muhammad, Jehan, Fyezah, Kalonji, Michel, Kaur, Jasmine, Khanam, Rasheda, Kirkwood, Betty, Kumar, Aarti, Kumar, Alok, Kumar, Vishwajeet, Manu, Alexander, Marete, Irene, Masanja, Honorati, Mazumder, Sarmila, Mehmood, Usma, Mishra, Shambhavi, Mitra, Dipak K, Mlay, Erick, Mohan, Sanjana Brahmawar, Moin, Mamun Ibne, Muhammad, Karim, Muhihi, Alfa, Newton, Samuel, Ngaima, Serge, Nguwo, Andre, Nisar, Imran, O'Leary, Maureen, Otomba, John, Patil, Pawankumar, Quaiyum, Mohammad Abdul, Rahman, Mohammed Hefzur, Sazawal, Sunil, Semrau, Katherine EA, Shannon, Caitlin, Smith, Emily R, Soofi, Sajid, Soremekun, Seyi, Sunday, Venantius, Taneja, Sunita, Tshefu, Antoinette, Wasan, Yaqub, Yeboah-Antwi, Kojo, Yoshida, Sachiyo, and Zaidi, Anita

Published
2018
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5. Direct maternal morbidity and the risk of pregnancy-related deaths, stillbirths, and neonatal deaths in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa: A population-based prospective cohort study in 8 countries

Author

Aftab, Fahad, Ahmed, Imran, Ahmed, Salahuddin, Ali, Said Mohammed, Amenga-Etego, Seeba, Ariff, Shabina, Bahl, Rajiv, Baqui, Abdullah H., Begum, Nazma, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Biemba, Godfrey, Cousens, Simon, Das, Vinita, Deb, Saikat, Dhingra, Usha, Dutta, Arup, Edmond, Karen, Esamai, Fabian, Ghosh, Amit Kumar, Gisore, Peter, Grogan, Caroline, Hamer, Davidson H., Herlihy, Julie, Hurt, Lisa, Ilyas, Muhammad, Jehan, Fyezah, Juma, Mohammed Hamad, Kalonji, Michel, Khanam, Rasheda, Kirkwood, Betty R., Kumar, Aarti, Kumar, Alok, Kumar, Vishwajeet, Manu, Alexander, Marete, Irene, Mehmood, Usma, Minckas, Nicole, Mishra, Shambhavi, Mitra, Dipak K., Moin, Mamun Ibne, Muhammad, Karim, Newton, Sam, Ngaima, Serge, Nguwo, Andre, Nisar, Muhammad Imran, Otomba, John, Quaiyum, Mohammad Abdul, Sarrassat, Sophie, Sazawal, Sunil, Semrau, Katherine E., Shannon, Caitlin, Singh, Vinay Pratap, Soofi, Sajid, Soremekun, Seyi, Suleiman, Atifa Mohammed, Sunday, Venantius, Dilip, Thandassery R., Tshefu, Antoinette, Wasan, Yaqub, Yeboah-Antwi, Kojo, Yoshida, Sachiyo, and Zaidi, Anita K.

Subjects
Infants -- Patient outcomes, Still-birth -- Risk factors, Pregnancy, Complications of -- Statistics -- Complications and side effects, Biological sciences
Abstract

Background Maternal morbidity occurs several times more frequently than mortality, yet data on morbidity burden and its effect on maternal, foetal, and newborn outcomes are limited in low- and middle-income countries. We aimed to generate prospective, reliable population-based data on the burden of major direct maternal morbidities in the antenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal periods and its association with maternal, foetal, and neonatal death in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Methods and findings This is a prospective cohort study, conducted in 9 research sites in 8 countries of South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. We conducted population-based surveillance of women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years) to identify pregnancies. Pregnant women who gave consent were include in the study and followed up to birth and 42 days postpartum from 2012 to 2015. We used standard operating procedures, data collection tools, and training to harmonise study implementation across sites. Three home visits during pregnancy and 2 home visits after birth were conducted to collect maternal morbidity information and maternal, foetal, and newborn outcomes. We measured blood pressure and proteinuria to define hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and woman's self-report to identify obstetric haemorrhage, pregnancy-related infection, and prolonged or obstructed labour. Enrolled women whose pregnancy lasted at least 28 weeks or those who died during pregnancy were included in the analysis. We used meta-analysis to combine site-specific estimates of burden, and regression analysis combining all data from all sites to examine associations between the maternal morbidities and adverse outcomes. Among approximately 735,000 women of reproductive age in the study population, and 133,238 pregnancies during the study period, only 1.6% refused consent. Of these, 114,927 pregnancies had morbidity data collected at least once in both antenatal and in postnatal period, and 114,050 of them were included in the analysis. Overall, 32.7% of included pregnancies had at least one major direct maternal morbidity; South Asia had almost double the burden compared to sub-Saharan Africa (43.9%, 95% CI 27.8% to 60.0% in South Asia; 23.7%, 95% CI 19.8% to 27.6% in sub-Saharan Africa). Antepartum haemorrhage was reported in 2.2% (95% CI 1.5% to 2.9%) pregnancies and severe postpartum in 1.7% (95% CI 1.2% to 2.2%) pregnancies. Preeclampsia or eclampsia was reported in 1.4% (95% CI 0.9% to 2.0%) pregnancies, and gestational hypertension alone was reported in 7.4% (95% CI 4.6% to 10.1%) pregnancies. Prolonged or obstructed labour was reported in about 11.1% (95% CI 5.4% to 16.8%) pregnancies. Clinical features of late third trimester antepartum infection were present in 9.1% (95% CI 5.6% to 12.6%) pregnancies and those of postpartum infection in 8.6% (95% CI 4.4% to 12.8%) pregnancies. There were 187 pregnancy-related deaths per 100,000 births, 27 stillbirths per 1,000 births, and 28 neonatal deaths per 1,000 live births with variation by country and region. Direct maternal morbidities were associated with each of these outcomes. Conclusions Our findings imply that health programmes in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia must intensify their efforts to identify and treat maternal morbidities, which affected about one-third of all pregnancies and to prevent associated maternal and neonatal deaths and stillbirths. Trial registration The study is not a clinical trial., Author(s): Fahad Aftab 1, Imran Ahmed 2, Salahuddin Ahmed 3, Said Mohammed Ali 4, Seeba Amenga-Etego 5, Shabina Ariff 2, Rajiv Bahl 6,*, Abdullah H. Baqui 7, Nazma Begum 3, [...]

Published
2021
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6. Impact of beliefs on perception of newborn illness, caregiver behaviors, and care-seeking practices in Zambia’s Southern province

Author

Sivalogan, Kasthuri, primary, Banda, Bowen, additional, Wagner, John, additional, Biemba, Godfrey, additional, Gagne, Natalie, additional, Grogan, Caroline, additional, Hamomba, Fern, additional, Herlihy, Julie M., additional, Mabeta, Catherine, additional, Shankoti, Peggy, additional, Simamvwa, Grace, additional, Sooli, Bernadine, additional, Yeboah-Antwi, Kojo, additional, Hamer, Davidson H., additional, and Semrau, Katherine E. A., additional

Published
2023
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7. Neonatal mortality risk of vulnerable newborns: A descriptive analysis of subnational, population‐based birth cohorts for 238 143 live births in low‐ and middle‐income settings from 2000 to 2017

Author

Hazel, Elizabeth A., primary, Erchick, Daniel J., additional, Katz, Joanne, additional, Lee, Anne C. C., additional, Diaz, Michael, additional, Wu, Lee S. F., additional, West, Keith P., additional, Shamim, Abu Ahmed, additional, Christian, Parul, additional, Ali, Hasmot, additional, Baqui, Abdullah H., additional, Saha, Samir K., additional, Ahmed, Salahuddin, additional, Roy, Arunangshu Dutta, additional, Silveira, Mariângela F., additional, Buffarini, Romina, additional, Shapiro, Roger, additional, Zash, Rebecca, additional, Kolsteren, Patrick, additional, Lachat, Carl, additional, Huybregts, Lieven, additional, Roberfroid, Dominique, additional, Zhu, Zhonghai, additional, Zeng, Lingxia, additional, Gebreyesus, Seifu H., additional, Tesfamariam, Kokeb, additional, Adu‐Afarwuah, Seth, additional, Dewey, Kathryn G., additional, Gyaase, Stephaney, additional, Poku‐Asante, Kwaku, additional, Boamah Kaali, Ellen, additional, Jack, Darby, additional, Ravilla, Thulasiraj, additional, Tielsch, James, additional, Taneja, Sunita, additional, Chowdhury, Ranadip, additional, Ashorn, Per, additional, Maleta, Kenneth, additional, Ashorn, Ulla, additional, Mangani, Charles, additional, Mullany, Luke C., additional, Khatry, Subarna K., additional, Ramokolo, Vundli, additional, Zembe‐Mkabile, Wanga, additional, Fawzi, Wafaie W., additional, Wang, Dongqing, additional, Schmiegelow, Christentze, additional, Minja, Daniel, additional, Msemo, Omari Abdul, additional, Lusingu, John P. A., additional, Smith, Emily R., additional, Masanja, Honorati, additional, Mongkolchati, Aroonsri, additional, Keentupthai, Paniya, additional, Kakuru, Abel, additional, Kajubi, Richard, additional, Semrau, Katherine, additional, Hamer, Davidson H., additional, Manasyan, Albert, additional, Pry, Jake M., additional, Chasekwa, Bernard, additional, Humphrey, Jean, additional, Black, Robert E., additional, Klemm, Rolf D. W., additional, Massie, Allan B., additional, Mitra, Maithilee, additional, Mehra, Sucheta, additional, Schulze, Kerry J., additional, Sommer, Alfred, additional, Ullah, Md. Barkat, additional, Labrique, Alain B., additional, Rashid, Mabhubur, additional, Shaikh, Saijuddin, additional, Begum, Nazma, additional, Chowdhury, Nabidul Haque, additional, Islam, Md. Shafiqul, additional, Khanam, Rasheda, additional, Mitra, Dipak Kumar, additional, Quaiyum, Abdul, additional, Diseko, Modiegi, additional, Makhema, Joseph, additional, Cheng, Yue, additional, Roro, Meselech, additional, Endris, Bilal Shikur, additional, Arnold, Charles D., additional, Bahl, Rajiv, additional, Bhandari, Nita, additional, Martines, Jose, additional, Mazumder, Sarmila, additional, Hallamaa, Lotta, additional, Pyykkö, Juha, additional, Urassa, Willy, additional, Deloron, Phillippe, additional, Bygbjerg, Ib Christian, additional, Moeller, Sofie Lykke, additional, Theander, Thor Grundtvig, additional, Muhihi, Alfa, additional, Noor, Ramadhani Abdallah, additional, Kamya, Moses R., additional, Nakalembe, Miriam, additional, Biemba, Godfrey, additional, Herlihy, Julie M., additional, Mbewe, Reuben K., additional, Mweena, Fern, additional, Yeboah‐Antwi, Kojo, additional, Prendergast, Andrew, additional, Lawn, Joy E., additional, Blencowe, Hannah, additional, Ohuma, Eric, additional, Okwaraji, Yemi, additional, Yargawa, Judith, additional, Bradley, Ellen, additional, and Idueta, Lorena Suarez, additional

Published
2023
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8. Small babies, big risks: global estimates of prevalence and mortality for vulnerable newborns to accelerate change and improve counting

Author

Lawn, Joy E, primary, Ohuma, Eric O, additional, Bradley, Ellen, additional, Idueta, Lorena Suárez, additional, Hazel, Elizabeth, additional, Okwaraji, Yemisrach B, additional, Erchick, Daniel J, additional, Yargawa, Judith, additional, Katz, Joanne, additional, Lee, Anne C C, additional, Diaz, Mike, additional, Salasibew, Mihretab, additional, Requejo, Jennifer, additional, Hayashi, Chika, additional, Moller, Ann-Beth, additional, Borghi, Elaine, additional, Black, Robert E, additional, Blencowe, Hannah, additional, Ashorn, Per, additional, Lawn, Joy E, additional, Ashorn, Ulla, additional, Klein, Nigel, additional, Hofmeyr, G Justus, additional, Temmerman, Marleen, additional, Askari, Sufia, additional, Chakwera, Samuel, additional, Hussain-Alkhateeb, Laith, additional, Lewin, Alexandra, additional, Retno Mahanani, Wahyu, additional, White Johansson, Emily, additional, Lavin, Tina, additional, Estevez Fernandez, Diana, additional, Gatica Domínguez, Giovanna, additional, de Costa, Ayesha, additional, Cresswell, Jenny A, additional, Krasevec, Julia, additional, Moran, Allisyn C, additional, Pingray, Veronica, additional, Cormick, Gabriela, additional, Gibbons, Luz, additional, Belizan, José, additional, Guevel, Carlos, additional, Warrilow, Kara, additional, Gordon, Adrienne, additional, Flenady, Vicki, additional, Sexton, Jessica, additional, Lawford, Harriet, additional, Paixao, Enny S., additional, Rocha Falcão, Ila, additional, Lima Barreto, Mauricio, additional, Lisonkova, Sarka, additional, Wen, Qi, additional, Mardones, Francisco, additional, Caulier-Cisterna, Raúl, additional, Acuña, José, additional, Velebil, Petr, additional, Jirova, Jitka, additional, Horváth-Puhó, Erzsébet, additional, Sørensen, Henrik Toft, additional, Sakkeus, Luule, additional, Abuladze, Liili, additional, Gissler, Mika, additional, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, additional, Heidarzadeh, Mohammad, additional, Khalili, Narjes, additional, A. Yunis, Khalid, additional, Al Bizri, Ayah, additional, Nakad, Pascale, additional, Devi Karalasingam, Shamala, additional, R Jeganathan, J Ravichandran, additional, binti Baharum, Nurakman, additional, Suárez-Idueta, Lorena, additional, Barranco Flores, Arturo, additional, Gonzalez Roldan, Jesus F, additional, Lopez Alvarez, Sonia, additional, van Dijk, Aimée E., additional, Broeders, Lisa, additional, Huicho, Luis, additional, Quezada Pinedo, Hugo G, additional, Cajachagua-Torres, Kim N, additional, Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M, additional, Tarazona Meza, Carla Estefania, additional, Guzman-Vilca, Wilmer Cristobal, additional, Olukade, Tawa O., additional, Ali, Hamdy A., additional, Alyafei, Fawziya, additional, AlQubaisi, Mai, additional, Alturk, Mohamad R, additional, Kim, Ho Yeon, additional, Cho, Geum Joon, additional, Razaz, Neda, additional, Söderling, Jonas, additional, Smith, Lucy K, additional, Kurinczuk, Jennifer J, additional, Matthews, Ruth J, additional, Manktelow, Bradley N, additional, Draper, Elizabeth S, additional, Fenton, Alan C, additional, Lowry, Estelle, additional, Rowland, Neil, additional, Wood, Rachael, additional, Monteath, Kirsten, additional, Pereyra, Isabel, additional, Pravia, Gabriella, additional, Davis, Celina, additional, Clarke, Samantha, additional, Wu, Lee S.F., additional, Yoshida, Sachiyo, additional, Bahl, Rajiv, additional, Grandi, Carlos, additional, Labrique, Alain B, additional, Rashid, Mabhubur, additional, Ahmed, Salahuddin, additional, Roy, Arunangshu D., additional, Haque, Rezwanul, additional, Shaikh, Saijuddin, additional, Baqui, Abdullah H., additional, Saha, Samir K., additional, Khanam, Rasheda, additional, Rahman, Sayedur, additional, Shapiro, Roger, additional, Zash, Rebecca, additional, Silveira, Mariângela F., additional, Buffarini, Romina, additional, Kolsteren, Patrick, additional, Lachat, Carl, additional, Huybregts, Lieven, additional, Roberfroid, Dominique, additional, Zeng, Lingxia, additional, Zhu, Zhonghai, additional, He, Jianrong, additional, Qui, Xiu, additional, Gebreyesus, Seifu H., additional, Tesfamariam, Kokeb, additional, Bekele, Delayehu, additional, Chan, Grace, additional, Baye, Estifanos, additional, Workneh, Firehiwot, additional, Asante, Kwaku P., additional, Boanmah-Kaali, Ellen, additional, Adu-Afarwuah, Seth, additional, Dewey, Kathryn G., additional, Gyaase, Stephaney, additional, Wylie, Blair J., additional, Kirkwood, Betty R., additional, Manu, Alexander, additional, Thulasiraj, Ravilla D, additional, Tielsch, James, additional, Chowdhury, Ranadip, additional, Taneja, Sunita, additional, Babu, Giridhara R, additional, Shriyan, Prafulla, additional, Maleta, Kenneth, additional, Mangani, Charles, additional, Acevedo-Gallegos, Sandra, additional, Rodriguez-Sibaja, Maria J., additional, Khatry, Subarna K., additional, LeClerq, Steven C., additional, Mullany, Luke C., additional, Jehan, Fyezah, additional, Ilyas, Muhammad, additional, Rogerson, Stephen J., additional, Unger, Holger W., additional, Ghosh, Rakesh, additional, Musange, Sabine, additional, Ramokolo, Vundli, additional, Zembe-Mkabile, Wanga, additional, Lazzerini, Marzia, additional, Mohamed, Rishard, additional, Wang, Dongqing, additional, Fawzi, Wafaie W., additional, Minja, Daniel T.R., additional, Schmiegelow, Christentze, additional, Masanja, Honorati, additional, Smith, Emily, additional, Lusingu, John P.A., additional, Msemo, Omari A., additional, Kabole, Fathma M., additional, Slim, Salim N., additional, Keentupthai, Paniya, additional, Mongkolchati, Aroonsri, additional, Kajubi, Richard, additional, Kakuru, Abel, additional, Waiswa, Peter, additional, Walker, Dilys, additional, Hamer, Davidson H., additional, Semrau, Katherine E.A., additional, Chaponda, Enesia B., additional, Chico, R. Matthew, additional, Banda, Bowen, additional, Musokotwane, Kebby, additional, Manasyan, Albert, additional, Pry, Jake M., additional, Chasekwa, Bernard, additional, Humphrey, Jean, additional, Shamim, Abu Ahmed, additional, Christian, Parul, additional, Ali, Hasmot, additional, Klemm, Rolf D.W., additional, Massie, Alan B., additional, Mitra, Maithili, additional, Mehra, Sucheta, additional, Schulze, Kerry J., additional, Shamim, Abu Amed, additional, Sommer, Alfred, additional, Ullah, Barkat, additional, West, Keith P., additional, Begum, Nazma, additional, Chowdhury, Nabidul Haque, additional, Islam, Shafiqul, additional, Mitra, Dipak Kumar, additional, Quaiyum, Abdul, additional, Diseko, Modiegi, additional, Makhema, Joseph, additional, Cheng, Yue, additional, Guo, Yixin, additional, Yuan, Shanshan, additional, Roro, Meselech, additional, Shikur, Bilal, additional, Goddard, Frederick, additional, Haneuse, Sebastien, additional, Hunegnaw, Bezawit, additional, Berhane, Yemane, additional, Worku, Alemayehu, additional, Kaali, Seyram, additional, Arnold, Charles D., additional, Jack, Darby, additional, Amenga-Etego, Seeba, additional, Hurt, Lisa, additional, Shannon, Caitlin, additional, Soremekun, Seyi, additional, Bhandari, Nita, additional, Martines, Jose, additional, Mazumder, Sarmila, additional, Ana, Yamuna, additional, R, Deepa, additional, Hallamaa, Lotta, additional, Pyykkö, Juha, additional, Lumbreras-Marquez, Mario I., additional, Mendoza-Carrera, Claudia E., additional, Hussain, Atiya, additional, Karim, Muhammad, additional, Kausar, Farzana, additional, Mehmood, Usma, additional, Nadeem, Naila, additional, Nisar, Muhammad Imran, additional, Sajid, Muhammad, additional, Mueller, Ivo, additional, Ome-Kaius, Maria, additional, Butrick, Elizabeth, additional, Sayinzoga, Felix, additional, Mariani, Ilaria, additional, Urassa, Willy, additional, Theander, Thor, additional, Deloron, Phillippe, additional, Nielsen, Birgitte Bruun, additional, Muhihi, Alfa, additional, Noor, Ramadhani Abdallah, additional, Bygbjerg, Ib, additional, Moeller, Sofie Lykke, additional, Aftab, Fahad, additional, Ali, Said M., additional, Dhingra, Pratibha, additional, Dhingra, Usha, additional, Dutta, Arup, additional, Sazawal, Sunil, additional, Suleiman, Atifa, additional, Mohammed, Mohammed, additional, Deb, Saikat, additional, Kamya, Moses R., additional, Nakalembe, Miriam, additional, Mulowooz, Jude, additional, Santos, Nicole, additional, Biemba, Godfrey, additional, Herlihy, Julie M., additional, Mbewe, Reuben K., additional, Mweena, Fern, additional, Yeboah-Antwi, Kojo, additional, Bruce, Jane, additional, Chandramohan, Daniel, additional, and Prendergast, Andrew, additional

Published
2023
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9. Effectiveness of 4% chlorhexidine umbilical cord care on neonatal mortality in Southern Province, Zambia (ZamCAT): a cluster-randomised controlled trial

Author

Semrau, Katherine E A, Herlihy, Julie, Grogan, Caroline, Musokotwane, Kebby, Yeboah-Antwi, Kojo, Mbewe, Reuben, Banda, Bowen, Mpamba, Chipo, Hamomba, Fern, Pilingana, Portipher, Zulu, Andisen, Chanda-Kapata, Pascalina, Biemba, Godfrey, Thea, Donald M, MacLeod, William B, Simon, Jonathon L, and Hamer, Davidson H

Published
2016
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10. Components of clean delivery kits and newborn mortality in the Zambia Chlorhexidine Application Trial (ZamCAT): An observational study

Author

Park, Jason H., Hamer, Davidson H., Mbewe, Reuben, Scott, Nancy A., Herlihy, Julie M., Yeboah-Antwi, Kojo, and Semrau, Katherine E. A.

Subjects
Infection control -- Methods, Infants (Newborn) -- Diseases, Sepsis -- Prevention -- Patient outcomes, Chlorhexidine -- Usage, Pediatric research, Biological sciences
Abstract

Background Neonatal infection, a leading cause of neonatal death in low- and middle-income countries, is often caused by pathogens acquired during childbirth. Clean delivery kits (CDKs) have shown efficacy in reducing infection-related perinatal and neonatal mortality. However, there remain gaps in our current knowledge, including the effect of individual components, the timeline of protection, and the benefit of CDKs in home and facility deliveries. Methods and findings A post hoc secondary analysis was performed using nonrandomized data from the Zambia Chlorhexidine Application Trial (ZamCAT), a community-based, cluster-randomized controlled trial of chlorhexidine umbilical cord care in Southern Province of Zambia from February 2011 to January 2013. CDKs, containing soap, gloves, cord clamps, plastic sheet, razor blade, matches, and candle, were provided to all pregnant women. Field monitors made a home-based visit to each participant 4 days postpartum, during which CDK use and newborn outcomes were ascertained. Logistic regression was used to study the association between different CDK components and neonatal mortality rate (NMR). Of 38,579 deliveries recorded during the study, 36,996 newborns were analyzed after excluding stillbirths and those with missing information. Gloves, cord clamps, and plastic sheets were the most frequently used CDK item combination in both home and facility deliveries. Each of the 7 CDK components was associated with lower NMR in users versus nonusers. Adjusted logistic regression showed that use of gloves (odds ratio [OR] 0.33, 95% CI 0.24-0.46), cord clamp (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.38-0.68), plastic sheet (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.34-0.63), and razor blade (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.53-0.89) were associated with lower risk of newborn mortality. Use of gloves and cord clamp were associated with reduced risk of immediate newborn death ( Conclusions CDK use was associated with reductions in early newborn mortality at both home and facility deliveries, especially when certain kit components were used. While causality could not be established in this nonrandomized secondary analysis, given these beneficial associations, scaling up the use of CDKs in rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa may improve neonatal outcomes. Trial registration Name of trial: Zambia Chlorhexidine Application Trial (ZamCAT) Name of registry: Clinicaltrials.gov Trial number: NCT01241318., Author(s): Jason H. Park 1,*, Davidson H. Hamer 2,3, Reuben Mbewe 4, Nancy A. Scott 2, Julie M. Herlihy 5, Kojo Yeboah-Antwi 6, Katherine E. A. Semrau 7,8,9 Introduction Despite [...]

Published
2021
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13. Vulnerable newborn types : analysis of subnational, population‐based birth cohorts for 541 285 live births in 23 countries, 2000-2021

Author

Erchick, D. J., Hazel, E. A., Katz, J., Lee, A. C. C., Diaz, M., Wu, L. S. F., Yoshida, S., Bahl, R., Grandi, C., Labrique, A. B., Rashid, M., Ahmed, S., Roy, A. D., Haque, R., Shaikh, S., Baqui, A. H., Saha, S. K., Khanam, R., Rahman, S., Shapiro, R., Zash, R., Silveira, M. F., Buffarini, R., Kolsteren, Patrick, Lachat, Carl, Huybregts, Lieven, Roberfroid, D., Zeng, L., Zhu, Z., He, J., Qiu, X., Gebreyesus, S. H., Hadush, Kokeb Tesfamariam, Bekele, D., Chan, G., Baye, E., Workneh, F., Asante, K. P., Kaali, E. B., Adu‐Afarwuah, S., Dewey, K. G., Gyaase, S., Wylie, B. J., Kirkwood, B. R., Manu, A., Thulasiraj, R. D., Tielsch, J., Chowdhury, R., Taneja, S., Babu, G. R., Shriyan, P., Ashorn, P., Maleta, K., Ashorn, U., Mangani, C., Acevedo‐Gallegos, S., Rodriguez‐Sibaja, M. J., Khatry, S. K., LeClerq, S. C., Mullany, L. C., Jehan, F., Ilyas, M., Rogerson, S. J., Unger, H. W., Ghosh, R., Musange, S., Ramokolo, V., Zembe‐Mkabile, W., Lazzerini, M., Rishard, M., Wang, D., Fawzi, W. W., Minja, D. T. R., Schmiegelow, C., Masanja, H., Smith, E., Lusingu, J. P. A., Msemo, O. A., Kabole, F. M., Slim, S. N., Keentupthai, P., Mongkolchati, A., Kajubi, R., Kakuru, A., Waiswa, P., Walker, D., Hamer, D. H., Semrau, K. E. A., Chaponda, E. B., Chico, R. M., Banda, B., Musokotwane, K., Manasyan, A., Pry, J. M., Chasekwa, B., Humphrey, J., Black, R. E., Ali, Hasmot, Christian, Parul, Klemm, Rolf D. W., Massie, Alan B., Mitra, Maithili, Mehra, Sucheta, Schulze, Kerry J., Shamim, Abu Ahmed, Sommer, Alfred, Barkat Ullah, MD., West, Keith P., Begum, Nazma, Chowdhury, Nabidul Haque, Shafiqul Islam, Md., Mitra, Dipak Kumar, Quaiyum, Abdul, Diseko, Modiegi, Makhema, Joseph, Cheng, Yue, Guo, Yixin, Yuan, Shanshan, Roro, Meselech, Shikur, Bilal, Goddard, Frederick, Haneuse, Sebastien, Hunegnaw, Bezawit, Berhane, Yemane, Worku, Alemayehu, Kaali, Seyram, Arnold, Charles D., Jack, Darby, Amenga‐Etego, Seeba, Hurt, Lisa, Shannon, Caitlin, Soremekun, Seyi, Bhandari, Nita, Martines, Jose, Mazumder, Sarmila, Ana, Yamuna, Deepa, R, Hallamaa, Lotta, Pyykkö, Juha, Lumbreras‐Marquez, Mario I., Mendoza‐Carrera, Claudia E., Hussain, Atiya, Karim, Muhammad, Kausar, Farzana, Mehmood, Usma, Nadeem, Naila, Nisar, Muhammad Imran, Sajid, Muhammad, Mueller, Ivo, Ome‐Kaius, Maria, Butrick, Elizabeth, Sayinzoga, Felix, Mariani, Ilaria, Urassa, Willy, Theander, Thor, Deloron, Phillippe, Nielsen, Birgitte Bruun, Muhihi, Alfa, Noor, Ramadhani Abdallah, Bygbjerg, Ib, Moeller, Sofie Lykke, Aftab, Fahad, Ali, Said M., Dhingra, Pratibha, Dhingra, Usha, Dutta, Arup, Sazawal, Sunil, Suleiman, Atifa, Mohammed, Mohammed, Deb, Saikat, Kamya, Moses R., Nakalembe, Miriam, Mulowooz, Jude, Santos, Nicole, Biemba, Godfrey, Herlihy, Julie M., Mbewe, Reuben K., Mweena, Fern, Yeboah‐Antwi, Kojo, Bruce, Jane, Chandramohan, Daniel, Prendergast, Andrew, Lawn, Joy E., Blencowe, Hannah, Ohuma, Eric, Okwaraji, Yemi, Yargawa, Judith, Bradley, Ellen, Katz, Joanne, and the Subnational Vulnerable Newborn Prevalence Collaborative Group and Vulnerable Newborn Measurement Core Group, [missing]

Subjects
RISK, small for gestational age, PRETERM, newborn, MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES, MORTALITY, FOR-GESTATIONAL-AGE, Medicine and Health Sciences, preterm birth, INFANTS, WEIGHT, TERM, low birthweight
Abstract

Setting: Subnational, population-based birth cohort studies (n = 45) in 23 low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) spanning 2000–2021. Population: Liveborn infants. Methods: Subnational, population-based studies with high-quality birth outcome data from LMICs were invited to join the Vulnerable Newborn Measurement Collaboration. We defined distinct newborn types using gestational age (preterm [PT], term [T]), birthweight for gestational age using INTERGROWTH-21st standards (small for gestational age [SGA], appropriate for gestational age [AGA] or large for gestational age [LGA]), and birthweight (low birthweight, LBW [

Published
2023

14. Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in an Adult With COVID-19—A Trial of Anakinra

Author

Aggarwal, Abhimanyu, Cohen, Ezra, Figueira, Marisol, Sabharwal, Vishakha, Herlihy, Julie M., Bronwen, Carroll, Barnett, Elizabeth D., Pelton, Stephen I., and Camelo, Ingrid Y.

Subjects
multisystem inflammatory syndrome, SARS-CoV-2, Case Reports, myocarditis
Abstract

COVID-19 disease has been a pandemic caused by a β-coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A life-threatening multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS), secondary to SARS-CoV-2 virus infection, sharing common features with Kawasaki disease shock syndrome, staphylococcal/streptococcal shock syndrome, and macrophage activation syndrome in pediatric patients has been described. A total of 27 cases in adults (MIS-A) with a similar presentation have been reported so far. Here we describe the case of a 21-year-old man admitted with abdominal pain, diarrhea, tachycardia, and low blood pressure. He had elevated troponin, ferritin, and interleukin-2 receptor levels and had evidence of myocarditis. He tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody, and a diagnosis of MIS-A was made. Our case adds to the scant literature on this topic, and to our knowledge, it is the first case where anakinra was administered. He recovered well. MIS-A should be considered when young adults present with multiorgan dysfunction.

Published
2021

15. Intended versus actual delivery location and factors associated with change in delivery location among pregnant women in Southern Province, Zambia: a prespecified secondary observational analysis of the ZamCAT

Author

Solomon, Hiwote, primary, Henry, Elizabeth G, additional, Herlihy, Julie, additional, Yeboah-Antwi, Kojo, additional, Biemba, Godfrey, additional, Musokotwane, Kebby, additional, Bhutta, Afsah, additional, Hamer, Davidson H, additional, and Semrau, Katherine E A, additional

Published
2022
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18. Persistent Immune Activation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Pregnant Women Starting Combination Antiretroviral Therapy After Conception

Author

Lohman-Payne, Barbara, primary, Koster, Jacob, additional, Gabriel, Benjamin, additional, Chilengi, Roma, additional, Forman, Leah S, additional, Heeren, Tim, additional, Duffy, Cassandra R, additional, Herlihy, Julie, additional, Crimaldi, Steven, additional, Gill, Chris, additional, Chavuma, Roy, additional, Mwananyanda, Lawrence, additional, and Thea, Donald M, additional

Published
2021
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19. Persistent Immune Activation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Pregnant Women Starting Combination Antiretroviral Therapy After Conception.

Author

Lohman-Payne, Barbara, Koster, Jacob, Gabriel, Benjamin, Chilengi, Roma, Forman, Leah S, Heeren, Tim, Duffy, Cassandra R, Herlihy, Julie, Crimaldi, Steven, Gill, Chris, Chavuma, Roy, Mwananyanda, Lawrence, and Thea, Donald M

Subjects
HIV infections, HLA-B27 antigen, PREGNANT women, HIGHLY active antiretroviral therapy, IMPACT of Event Scale, QUESTIONNAIRES, RESEARCH funding, HIV
Abstract

This study evaluated the impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) on immune activation during pregnancy in a Zambian cohort of HIV-exposed but uninfected children followed up from birth. Activated CD8+ T cells (CD38+ and HLA-DR+) were compared among HIV-uninfected (n = 95), cART experienced HIV-infected (n = 111), and cART-naive HIV-infected (n = 21) pregnant women. Immune activation was highest among HIV-infected/cART-naive women but decreased during pregnancy. Immune activation HIV-infected women who started cART during pregnancy was reduced but not to levels similar to those in HIV-uninfected women. The effects of elevated maternal immune activation in pregnancy on subsequent infant health and immunity remain to be determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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20. Inflammation and Cytopenias in a Well-Appearing Infant With SARS-CoV-2.

Author

Karim, Sabrina A., Weiss, Cary N., Marrinan, Jaclyn E., and Herlihy, Julie M.

Subjects
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, INFLAMMATION, TREATMENT effectiveness, THROMBOCYTOPENIA, CHILDREN
Abstract

The article discusses the case of inflammation and cytopenia in a 40-day-old male infant with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Among the symptoms presented by the patient are high temperature and constipation. It cites the recommendations of the infectious diseases team due to his low absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and possible coinfection. It suggests minimal laboratory monitoring in the setting of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed infantile SARS-CoV-2.

Published
2022
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21. Population-based rates, timing and causes of maternal deaths, stillbirths, and neonatal deaths in south Asia and sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-country prospective cohort study

Author

The Alliance for Maternal and Newborn Health Improvement (AMANHI, Ahmed, Imran, Ali, Said Mohammed, Amenga-Etego, Seeba, Ariff, Shabina, Bahl, Rajiv, Baqui, Abdullah H., Begum, Nazma, Bhandari, Nita, Bhatia, Kiran, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Biemba, Godfrey, Deb, Saikat, Dhingra, Usha, Dube, Brinda, Dutta, Arup, Edmond, Karen, Esamai, Fabian, Fawzi, Wafaie, Ghosh, Amit Kumar, Gisore, Peter, Grogan, Caroline, Hamer, Davidson H., Herlihy, Julie, Hurt, Lisa, Ilyas, Muhammad, Jehan, Fyezah, Kalonji, Michel, Kaur, Jasmine, Khanam, Rasheda, Kirkwood, Betty, Kumar, Aarti, Kumar, Alok, Kumar, Vishwajeet, Manu, Alexander, Marete, Irene, Masanja, Honorati, Mazumder, Sarmila, Mehmood, Usma, Mishra, Shambhavi, Mitra, Dipak K., Mlay, Erick, Mohan, Sanjana Brahmawar, Moin, Mamun Ibne, Muhammad, Karim, Muhihi, Alfa, Newton, Samuel, Ngaima, Serge, Nguwo, Andre, Nisar, Imran, O'Leary, Maureen, Otomba, John, Patil, Pawankumar, Quaiyum, Mohammad Abdul, Rahman, Mohammed Hefzur, Sazawal, Sunil, Semrau, Katherine E. A., Shannon, Caitlin, Smith, Emily R., Soofi, Sajid, Soremekun, Seyi, Sunday, Venantius, Taneja, Sunita, Tshefu, Antoinette, Wasan, Yaqub, Yeboah-Antwi, Kojo, Yoshida, Sachiyo, and Zaidi, Anita

Abstract

BackgroundModelled mortality estimates have been useful for health programmes in low-income and middle-income countries. However, these estimates are often based on sparse and low-quality data. We aimed to generate high quality data about the burden, timing, and causes of maternal deaths, stillbirths, and neonatal deaths in south Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study done in 11 community-based research sites in south Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, between July, 2012, and February, 2016, we conducted population-based surveillance of women of reproductive age (15–49 years) to identify pregnancies, which were followed up to birth and 42 days post partum. We used standard operating procedures, data collection instruments, training, and standardisation to harmonise study implementation across sites. Verbal autopsies were done for deaths of all women of reproductive age, neonatal deaths, and stillbirths. Physicians used standardised methods for cause of death assignment. Site-specific rates and proportions were pooled at the regional level using a meta-analysis approach.FindingsWe identified 278 186 pregnancies and 263 563 births across the study sites, with outcomes ascertained for 269 630 (96·9%) pregnancies, including 8761 (3·2%) that ended in miscarriage or abortion. Maternal mortality ratios in sub-Saharan Africa (351 per 100 000 livebirths, 95% CI 168–732) were similar to those in south Asia (336 per 100 000 livebirths, 247–458), with far greater variability within sites in sub-Saharan Africa. Stillbirth and neonatal mortality rates were approximately two times higher in sites in south Asia than in sub-Saharan Africa (stillbirths: 35·1 per 1000 births, 95% CI 28·5–43·1 vs 17·1 per 1000 births, 12·5–25·8; neonatal mortality: 43·0 per 1000 livebirths, 39·0–47·3 vs 20·1 per 1000 livebirths, 14·6–27·6). 40–45% of pregnancy-related deaths, stillbirths, and neonatal deaths occurred during labour, delivery, and the 24 h postpartum period in both regions. Obstetric haemorrhage, non-obstetric complications, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and pregnancy-related infections accounted for more than three-quarters of maternal deaths and stillbirths. The most common causes of neonatal deaths were perinatal asphyxia (40%, 95% CI 39–42, in south Asia; 34%, 32–36, in sub-Saharan Africa) and severe neonatal infections (35%, 34–36, in south Asia; 37%, 34–39 in sub-Saharan Africa), followed by complications of preterm birth (19%, 18–20, in south Asia; 24%, 22–26 in sub-Saharan Africa).InterpretationThese results will contribute to improved global estimates of rates, timing, and causes of maternal and newborn deaths and stillbirths. Our findings imply that programmes in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia need to further intensify their efforts to reduce mortality rates, which continue to be high. The focus on improving the quality of maternal intrapartum care and immediate newborn care must be further enhanced. Efforts to address perinatal asphyxia and newborn infections, as well as preterm birth, are critical to achieving survival goals in the Sustainable Development Goals era.

Published
2018

22. Burden of severe maternal morbidity and association with adverse birth outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia: protocol for a prospective cohort study

Author

Baqui, Abdullah H, Mitra, Dipak, Moin, Mamun Ibne, Naher, Nurun, Quaiyum, Mohammad Abdul, Tshefu, Antoinette, Otomba, John, Kalonji, Michel, Ngowu, Andre, Ngaima, Serge, Kirkwood, Betty, Hurt, Lisa, Shannon, Caitlin, Newton, Samuel, Edmond, Karen, Kumar, Vishwajeet, Kumar, Aarti, Singh, Shambhavi, Singh, Jai Vir, Ghosh, Amit Kumar, Esamai, Fabian, Marete, Irene, Gisore, Peter, Nisar, Imran, Jehan, Fyezah, Ilyas, Muhammad, Hussain, Atiya, Zaid, Anita, Soofi, Sajid, Ariff, Shabina, Wasan, Yaqub, Hussain, Amjid, Ahmed, Imran, Sazawal, Sunil, Dhingra, Usha, Dutta, Arup, Ali, Said Moh'd, Ame, Shaali Makame, Hamer, Davidson, Semrau, Katherine, Hamomba, Fern, Banda, Bowen, Herlihy, Julie, Bahl, Rajiv, Manu, Alexander, and Yoshida, Sachiyo

Abstract

Objectives The AMANHI morbidity study aims to quantify and describe severe maternal morbidities and assess their associations with adverse maternal, fetal and newborn outcomes in predominantly rural areas of nine sites in eight South Asian and sub-Saharan African countries. Methods AMANHI takes advantage of on-going population-based cohort studies covering approximately 2 million women of reproductive age with 1- to 3-monthly pregnancy surveillance to enrol pregnant women. Morbidity information is collected at five follow-up home visits - three during the antenatal period at 24-28 weeks, 32-36 weeks and 37+ weeks of pregnancy and two during the postpartum period at 1-6 days and after 42-60 days after birth. Structured- questionnaires are used to collect self-reported maternal morbidities including hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders, infections, difficulty in labor and obstetric fistula, as well as care-seeking for these morbidities and outcomes for mothers and babies. Additionally, structured questionnaires are used to interview birth attendants who attended women's deliveries. All protocols were harmonised across the sites including training, implementation and operationalising definitions for maternal morbidities. Importance of the AMANHI morbidity study Availability of reliable data to synthesize evidence for policy direction, interventions and programmes, remains a crucial step for prioritization and ensuring equitable delivery of maternal health interventions especially in high burden areas. AMANHI is one of the first large harmonized population- based cohort studies being conducted in several rural centres in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, and is expected to make substantial contributions to global knowledge on maternal morbidity burden and its implications.

Published
2016

24. Influence of newborn health messages on care-seeking practices and community health behaviors among participants in the Zambia Chlorhexidine Application Trial

Author

Sivalogan, Kasthuri, primary, Semrau, Katherine E. A., additional, Ashigbie, Paul G., additional, Mwangi, Sheila, additional, Herlihy, Julie M., additional, Yeboah-Antwi, Kojo, additional, Banda, Bowen, additional, Grogan, Caroline, additional, Biemba, Godfrey, additional, and Hamer, Davidson H., additional

Published
2018
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25. Integration of PMTCT and Antenatal Services Improves Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Uptake for HIV-Positive Pregnant Women in Southern Zambia: A Prototype for Option B+?

Author

Herlihy, Julie M., Hamomba, Leoda, Bonawitz, Rachael, Goggin, Caitlin E., Sambambi, Kennedy, Mwale, Jonas, Musonda, Victor, Musokatwane, Kebby, Hopkins, Kathryn L., Semrau, Katherine, Hammond, Emily E., Duncan, Julie, Knapp, Anna B., and Thea, Donald M.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Infant, Newborn, virus diseases, Infant, Zambia, HIV Infections, Prenatal Care, Article, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Medication Adherence, Cohort Studies, Young Adult, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Controlled Before-After Studies, Pregnancy, Humans, Female, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Early initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) for HIV-positive pregnant women can decrease vertical transmission to less than 5%. Programmatic barriers to early cART include decentralized care, disease-stage assessment delays, and loss to follow-up. INTERVENTION: Our intervention had 3 components: integrated HIV and antenatal services in 1 location with 1 provider, laboratory courier to expedite CD4 counts, and community-based follow-up of women–infant pairs to improve prevention of mother-to-child transmission attendance. Preintervention HIV-positive pregnant women were referred to HIV clinics for disease-stage assessment and cART initiation for advanced disease (CD4 count 2). METHODS: We used a quasi-experimental design with preintervention/postintervention evaluations at 6 government antenatal clinics (ANCs) in Southern Province, Zambia. Retrospective clinical data were collected from clinic registers during a 7-month baseline period. Postintervention data were collected from all antiretroviral therapy–naive, HIV-positive pregnant women and their infants presenting to ANC from December 2011 to June 2013. RESULTS: Data from 510 baseline women–infant pairs were analyzed and 624 pregnant women were enrolled during the intervention period. The proportion of HIV-positive pregnant women receiving CD4 counts increased from 50.6% to 77.2% [relative risk (RR) = 1.81; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.57 to 2.08; P < 0.01]. The proportion of cART-eligible pregnant women initiated on cART increased from 27.5% to 71.5% (RR = 2.25; 95% CI: 1.78 to 2.83; P < 0.01). The proportion of eligible HIV-exposed infants with documented 6-week HIV PCR test increased from 41.9% to 55.8% (RR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.18 to 1.51; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Integration of HIV care into ANC and community-based support improved uptake of CD4 counts, proportion of cART-eligible women initiated on cART, and infants tested.

Published
2015

27. Implementation and Operational Research

Author

Herlihy, Julie M., primary, Hamomba, Leoda, additional, Bonawitz, Rachael, additional, Goggin, Caitlin E., additional, Sambambi, Kennedy, additional, Mwale, Jonas, additional, Musonda, Victor, additional, Musokatwane, Kebby, additional, Hopkins, Kathryn L., additional, Semrau, Katherine, additional, Hammond, Emily E., additional, Duncan, Julie, additional, Knapp, Anna B., additional, and Thea, Donald M., additional

Published
2015
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28. Publishing for the profession and beyond: Chartered Accountants Ireland has become the country's largest specialist publisher

Author

Herlihy, Julie

Subjects
Accountants, Publishing industry, Publishing industry, Banking, finance and accounting industries, Business, Business, international
Abstract

Chartered Accountants Ireland has developed a strong reputation for its publishing programme. As the only specialist accountancy publisher for the island of Ireland, the Institute aims to be the leading [...]

Published
2014

29. Global child health fellowship programs in demand

Author

Mandalakas, Anna M., Chandawarkar, Aarti, Holsinger, Eva, Nelson, Brett D., Herlihy, Julie M., and Burke, Thomas F.

Subjects
Company business management, Health promotion -- Management, World health -- Research, Children -- Health aspects, Children -- Management, Children -- Research
Published
2008

31. Engagement of the Community, Traditional Leaders, and Public Health System in the Design and Implementation of a Large Community-Based, Cluster-Randomized Trial of Umbilical Cord Care in Zambia

Author

Hamer, Davidson H., primary, Yeboah-Antwi, Kojo, additional, Mpamba, Chipo, additional, Pilingana, Portipher, additional, Semrau, Katherine E. A., additional, Herlihy, Julie M., additional, Simon, Jonathon L., additional, Banda, Bowen, additional, Grogan, Caroline, additional, Thea, Donald M., additional, Mwangelwa, Boyd, additional, and Musokotwane, Kebby, additional

Published
2015
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33. Local Perceptions, Cultural Beliefs and Practices That Shape Umbilical Cord Care: A Qualitative Study in Southern Province, Zambia

Author

Herlihy, Julie M., primary, Shaikh, Affan, additional, Mazimba, Arthur, additional, Gagne, Natalie, additional, Grogan, Caroline, additional, Mpamba, Chipo, additional, Sooli, Bernadine, additional, Simamvwa, Grace, additional, Mabeta, Catherine, additional, Shankoti, Peggy, additional, Messersmith, Lisa, additional, Semrau, Katherine, additional, and Hamer, Davidson H., additional

Published
2013
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37. COBOL vs. Arnold

Author

Gluckman, Amy, Herlihy, Julie, and Murphy, Elizabeth

Subjects
Wages -- Laws, regulations and rules, Government regulation, Salary, Business, Economics
Abstract

Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger's proposal to slash California state workers' wages until the legislature presents him with a budget he likes has been defeated by an unlikely hero: COBOL. With California [...]

Published
2010

38. Two big labor victories taking: care of themselves

Author

Herlihy, Julie

Subjects
Nike Inc. -- Laws, regulations and rules, Labor unions -- United States -- Laws, regulations and rules, Athletic shoe industry -- Laws, regulations and rules, Government regulation, Business, Economics
Abstract

After years of struggle and debate, the state of New York has taken a big step toward improving working conditions for domestic workers. The law, which passed the state's legislature [...]

Published
2010

39. Cut yours

Author

Gluckman, Amy, Herlihy, Julie, and Murphy, Elizabeth

Subjects
United States economic conditions -- Management, Budget -- Management, Company business management, Business, Economics
Abstract

As with other countries with large budget deficits, the U.S. government is now receiving advice about how to trim its spending from the IMF. (Admittedly, the multilateral lender has relatively [...]

Published
2010

40. Pabst goes upscale

Author

Gluckman, Amy, Herlihy, Julie, and Murphy, Elizabeth

Subjects
Pabst Brewing Co. -- Foreign operations, Breweries -- Foreign operations, Brewing industry -- Foreign operations, Business, Economics
Abstract

Pabst Brewing Company, source of fine beverages including Old Style, Schaefer's, Colt 45 malt liquor, and its flagship Pabst Blue Ribbon in the United States, has recently decided to tap [...]

Published
2010

41. Alpine rent-a-nation

Author

Gluckman, Amy, Herlihy, Julie, and Murphy, Elizabeth

Subjects
Liechtenstein -- Contracts, Event planners -- Contracts, Leases, Contract agreement, Business, Economics
Abstract

Looking for a truly large-scale setting for your next cinematic creation? Recently rapper Snoop Dogg had an inspiration: rent a small country. While searching for a large outdoor set for [...]

Published
2010

42. Mistakes were made

Author

Herlihy, Julie and Price, Lauren

Subjects
Commercial policy -- Analysis, Business, Economics
Abstract

U.S. trade policy has done Haiti wrong. So confessed former president Bill Clinton, who forced ousted Haitian president Jean-Bertrand Aristide to accept neoliberal economic and trade policies as a condition [...]

Published
2010

43. Are those government bonds in your pocket, or

Author

Herlihy, Julie and Price, Lauren

Subjects
Japan -- Economic aspects, Public debts -- Forecasts and trends, Market trend/market analysis, Business, Economics
Abstract

With its public debt nearly twice its GDP, higher than in any other industrialized country, Japan has to keep its citizens buying government bonds. So the government has launched a [...]

Published
2010

44. Left off the field

Author

Herlihy, Julie and Price, Lauren

Subjects
World Cup (Soccer), Football (Professional) -- Tickets, Wages -- Minimum wage, Market trend/market analysis, Company pricing policy, Business, Economics
Abstract

For the first time since its inception, the World Cup is being hosted by an African nation--a step in the 'right direction' in the eyes of many across the continent. [...]

Published
2010

45. Cloudy forecast for farm-subsidy data

Author

Herlihy, Julie and Price, Lauren

Subjects
Farm law -- Evaluation, Agricultural subsidies -- Forecasts and trends, Agricultural law -- Evaluation, Market trend/market analysis, Business, Economics
Abstract

As you bite into that fresh corn-on-the-cob this summer, consider this farming industry fact. The U.S. Department of Agriculture distributes billions of dollars in farm subsidies every year ($15.4 billion [...]

Published
2010

46. Implementation and Operational Research: Integration of PMTCT and Antenatal Services Improves Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Uptake for HIV-Positive Pregnant Women in Southern Zambia: A Prototype for Option B+?

Author

Herlihy JM, Hamomba L, Bonawitz R, Goggin CE, Sambambi K, Mwale J, Musonda V, Musokatwane K, Hopkins KL, Semrau K, Hammond EE, Duncan J, Knapp AB, and Thea DM

Subjects
Adult, Cohort Studies, Controlled Before-After Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Pregnancy, Prenatal Care methods, Retrospective Studies, Young Adult, Zambia, Anti-Retroviral Agents therapeutic use, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV Infections transmission, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical prevention & control, Medication Adherence, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious drug therapy, Prenatal Care organization & administration
Abstract

Background: Early initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) for HIV-positive pregnant women can decrease vertical transmission to less than 5%. Programmatic barriers to early cART include decentralized care, disease-stage assessment delays, and loss to follow-up., Intervention: Our intervention had 3 components: integrated HIV and antenatal services in 1 location with 1 provider, laboratory courier to expedite CD4 counts, and community-based follow-up of women-infant pairs to improve prevention of mother-to-child transmission attendance. Preintervention HIV-positive pregnant women were referred to HIV clinics for disease-stage assessment and cART initiation for advanced disease (CD4 count <350 cells/μL or WHO stage >2)., Methods: We used a quasi-experimental design with preintervention/postintervention evaluations at 6 government antenatal clinics (ANCs) in Southern Province, Zambia. Retrospective clinical data were collected from clinic registers during a 7-month baseline period. Postintervention data were collected from all antiretroviral therapy-naive, HIV-positive pregnant women and their infants presenting to ANC from December 2011 to June 2013., Results: Data from 510 baseline women-infant pairs were analyzed and 624 pregnant women were enrolled during the intervention period. The proportion of HIV-positive pregnant women receiving CD4 counts increased from 50.6% to 77.2% [relative risk (RR) = 1.81; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.57 to 2.08; P < 0.01]. The proportion of cART-eligible pregnant women initiated on cART increased from 27.5% to 71.5% (RR = 2.25; 95% CI: 1.78 to 2.83; P < 0.01). The proportion of eligible HIV-exposed infants with documented 6-week HIV PCR test increased from 41.9% to 55.8% (RR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.18 to 1.51; P < 0.01)., Conclusions: Integration of HIV care into ANC and community-based support improved uptake of CD4 counts, proportion of cART-eligible women initiated on cART, and infants tested.

Published
2015
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