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Community service activities have been carried out in Dosan Village in Dosan Village, Pusako District, Siak Regency, where most of the people are farmers. Based on the results of an initial survey of several farmers and village officials who wanted to know information about making bokashi, it can be concluded that the people of Dosan Village deserve training on bokashi making techniques. The training was carried out with the aim of increasing the knowledge and skills of village communities in processing organic waste from household and agricultural waste. The service activities will be carried out for 6 months, starting from the preparation of the service team to partner locations to monitoring and evaluation and publication as a form of output from this service activity. Service activities are carried out using lecture and demonstration methods. The results of the service activities showed that there was an increase in partner participants' knowledge regarding bokashi fertilizer before and after the activity with percentage of 76 to 86%. The results of the paired t-test also show that there is a significant difference in the increase in farmers' knowledge before and after community service activities.

This research focuses on modeling and optimizing teacher professional commitment strengthening through a comprehensive research methodology encompassing preliminary, qualitative, and quantitative stages. The study employs a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, including the POP-SDM method, to develop a theoretical model and hypotheses. Data collection involves surveys, interviews, and questionnaires among school principals and experienced teachers. The study spans from October 2022 to July 2024, with data collected from 16 boarding high schools in Sukabumi Regency, West Java Province. The results reveal significant insights into various variables influencing teacher professional commitment, including empowerment, servant leadership, personality, quality of work life, and job satisfaction. Descriptive statistical analyses demonstrate high levels of commitment, empowerment, servant leadership, personality traits, work-life quality, and job satisfaction among respondents. Structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) is employed to construct and evaluate variable constructs, assess path coefficients, and test hypotheses. The model demonstrates strong predictive power and significant direct and indirect effects on teacher professional commitment. Overall, the findings suggest that factors such as empowerment, servant leadership, personality, quality of work life, and job satisfaction significantly influence teacher professional commitment. The study provides insights for educators and policymakers to enhance teacher commitment through targeted interventions, focusing on areas identified for improvement based on expert assessments and statistical analyses.

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan di SMA N 14 Merangin yang bertepatan di Desa Muara Kelukup, Kecamatan Lembah Masurai, Kabupaten Merangin dengan Jumlah Peserta sebanyak 15 orang. Pengabdian ini bertujuan agar siswa mampu memahami jenis-jenis koordinat dan fungsi penggunaan add placemark dan add polygon dalam pembuatan peta situasi dengan menggunakan google earth pro. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian masyrakat adalah metode diskusi/ceramah dan praktik/latihan dengan menggunakan google earth pro. Berdasarkan hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat, jenis koordinat yang umum digunakan pada google earth pro dapat berupa garis lintang (latitude) dan garis bujur (longtitude) berupa degree, minutes, second dan Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM). Salah satu titik koordinat yang dihasilkan oleh siswa dari penggunaan add placemark dengan menggunakan google earth pro diperoleh 2°22'10.16"S dan 102° 0'46.76"E yang berada pada Zone 48S. Sedangkan luas sekolah yang dihasilkan dari penggunaan add polygon dengan menggunakan google earth pro diperoleh luas, 0,47 hektar. Dari penggunaan fungsi add placemark dan add polygon pada menu google earth pro diperoleh hasil akhir berupa peta situasi SMA N 14 Merangin. Peta situasi ini cukup sederhana sebagai pengenalan awal pemetaan bagi siswa. Untuk hasil yang lebih baik sebaiknya gunakan juga aplikasi pemetaan lainnya seperti Arcgis. Keterbatasan waktu dan penyesuaian lokasi sebaiknya kegiatan pemetaan ini menggunakan jaringan internet dengan bandwith (sinyal yang kuat).

Nematoda daun Aphelenchoides fragariae mempunyai inang yang luas dan dapat berperan sebagai parasit tumbuhan maupun pemakan cendawan. Belum ada informasi terkait teknik perbanyakan A. fragariae di Indonesia. Penelitian untuk memperoleh jumlah nematoda A. fragariae yang murni perlu dilakukan untuk mendukung penelitian di masa mendatang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperbanyak A. fragariae menggunakan biakan cendawan pada tiga suhu yang berbeda dan menghitung jumlah nematoda. Biakan cendawan yang digunakan ialah, Alternaria porri, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae, Pythium sp., dan Rhizopus sp. Lima spesies cendawan tersebut diinkubasikan pada tiga suhu. Untuk memperoleh kondisi yang sesuai, biakan cendawan diinkubasi pada tiga suhu yang berbeda. Sebelum ditumbuhkan dalam biakan cendawan, nematoda dicelupkan ke dalam larutan streptomisin sulfat 0.1%, kemudian dicuci menggunakan air steril. Selanjutnya, 20 nematoda steril diinfestasikan pada biakan cendawan berumur 7 hari dan diinkubasi pada suhu 16, 28, dan 37 ℃. Setelah 28 hari, nematoda dipanen dan dihitung jumlahnya. Di antara spesies cendawan yang diuji sebagai media pemeliharaan, biakan terbaik untuk reproduksi A. fragariae ialah Alternaria porri pada suhu 28 ℃, dengan jumlah nematoda akhir rata-rata hingga 407.8 per cawan petri Pada suhu 37 ℃ A. fragariae gagal bereproduksi di semua biakan cendawan yang diuji. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa di antara ketiga suhu tersebut, yang paling mendukung pertumbuhan dan perkembangan nematoda ialah 16 dan 28 ℃, yang paling tidak mendukung adalah 37 ℃.

The study purpose was to analyze the effectiveness of the different effects of knee tuck jump and hurdle jump plyometric training using beach sand on power and leg muscle strength in young adult males. Materials and methods. A total of 30 young adult males were enrolled in this study and were given plyometric knee tuck jump training (KTJT), and plyometric hurdle jump training (HJPT). Plyometric training is carried out with an intensity of 80-100% of 1RM, three sets with 12 repetitions each set, with a frequency of three times each week for six weeks. The measurement of leg muscle power uses the Jump Meter Digital (MD) Test, while the measurement of leg muscle strength uses the Back & Leg Dynamometer. Statistical analysis used one-way ANOVA and continued with the Least Significant Difference (LSD) post hoc test. Results. The results of the analysis are as follows: the mean ∆ increase in muscle power on CTRL (12.92±2.51 joule) vs. KTJT (142.88±35.21 joule) vs. HJPT (269.49±138.06 joule), (p=0.000). The mean ∆ increase in muscle strength on CTRL (11.61±1.49 kg) vs. KTJT (75.49±18.53 kg) vs. HJPT (137.43±34.13 kg), (p=0.000). Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that both types of plyometric training improve power and strength in young adult males.

Ibnu Purwanto,1,* Benedreky Leo,2,* Susanna Hilda Hutajulu,1 Johan Kurnianda,1 Kartika Widayati Taroeno-Hariadi,1 Mardiah Suci Hardianti,1 Amanda Dania Satiti,1 Ery Kus Dwianingsih,3 Didik Setyo Heriyanto,3 Irianiwati Widodo,3 Teguh Aryandono4 1Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University/Dr Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University/Dr Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; 3Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University/Dr Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; 4Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University/Dr Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ibnu Purwanto, Jalan Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia, Tel/Fax +62 274 560300, Email ibnupurwanto@ugm.ac.idPurpose: To determine the prognostic value of vimentin in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients, specifically in relation to chemotherapy regimen and p53 mutant expression.Patient and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the association of pre-treatment tumor expression of vimentin with 48-month overall survival (OS) of 72 all stages TNBC patients diagnosed between 2014 and 2018 in relation to chemotherapy regimen and expression of p53 mutant. Vimentin and p53 mutant expressions were examined using immunohistochemistry. Analysis was conducted on all patients collectively, then repeated on two cohorts divided according to the chemotherapy regimen. Sub-analysis was performed to determine the effect of p53 mutant expression on the prognostic value of vimentin.Results: Vimentin was expressed in 43.1% of patients and was not associated with clinicopathologic characteristics. Vimentin was associated with improved 48-month OS in all patients in univariate analysis but not significant in multivariate analysis. When analyzed according to chemotherapy regimen, vimentin was independently associated with improved 48-month OS in patients receiving non-platinum-based chemotherapy (80% vs 15.8%; HR: 0.17, 95% CI: 0.05– 0.58, p: 0.005). Other independent prognostic factors include T (HR: 6.18, 95% CI: 1.38– 27.7, p: 0.017) and M (HR: 5.64, 95% CI: 1.2– 26.33, p: 0.028). On subanalysis, vimentin was significantly associated with improved 48-month OS in patients expressing p53 mutant (69.2% vs 22.2%, p: 0.006) but was not significant in patients not expressing p53 mutant.Conclusion: Vimentin expression was independently associated with improved 48-month OS in TNBC patients treated with non–platinum–based chemotherapy. Expression of p53 mutant significantly affected the prognostic value of vimentin.Keywords: vimentin, p53 mutant, chemotherapy, platinum resistance, TNBC, prognostic factor

Purpose — This study aims to investigate differences in debt policies among companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, with a focus on gender and CEO tenure. Method — This research was carried out on non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2022. The sampling method employed in this study was a purposive sampling approach. The initial sample comprised 86 companies, and the final sample consisted of 65 companies, yielding a total of 650 observations. The data analysis technique utilized in this study is the independent difference test, employing a nonparametric approach through the Mann-Whitney test. Result — This study revealed significant disparities in debt policies among companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, depending on the gender of the CEO. Specifically, male CEOs demonstrated a propensity to employ higher levels of debt compared to their female counterparts. Conversely, with regard to CEO tenure within the company, no significant difference was observed in relation to the company's debt policy. Novelty — The novelty of this research lies in its emphasis on the importance of examining the gender and tenure of CEOs concerning the company's debt levels. The extended research period contributes a unique element by providing a more comprehensive perspective, and this is particularly noteworthy in the context of Indonesian studies, which have been relatively scarce and have yielded mixed results.

Purpose — This study aims to investigate the impact of different variables, including firm size, underwriter reputation, firm age (representing asymmetric information), board ownership, institutional ownership (representing ownership structure), industry sector (financial or non-financial), and ownership status (state-owned or non-state-owned enterprises) on the initial return, which serves as a measure of underpricing level. Method — We focus on companies that underwent initial public offerings (IPOs) between 2010 and 2019. For our study, we selected a sample of 261 firms using the purposive sampling technique. To analyze the data, we employed a multiple linear regression model and utilized SPSS as a testing tool. Result — Based on our research findings, we have identified that firm size, underwriter reputation, and institutional ownership significantly affect the level of underpricing. However, we found no evidence to suggest that factors such as company age, board ownership, industry sector, or ownership status have any impact on the underpricing level. Our results support the notion that asymmetric information plays a crucial role in explaining the observed underpricing phenomenon in IPOs, while industry type and ownership structure do not contribute to its explanation. Contribution — This study makes a valuable contribution to the existing research on IPO underpricing in Indonesia. It stands out by employing a comparatively long research period and incorporating not only variables that address asymmetric information but also variables pertaining to governance mechanisms, specifically board ownership and institutional ownership.

Background of the study: Information experience is a complex and multidimensional perpspective that sees the relationship between human and information. Purpose: The aim of the research is to understand the experience of person with visual impairment of Braille’iant Indonesia community when they use audiobook as information sources. Method: The research methods used was qualitative method, data collected using interview and informant were recruited through purposive sampling. Findings: Four themes emerged related to the information experience of people with visual impairment when using audiobook. The first theme is motivation which ilustrate the motivation to use audiobook, the second themes is awareness of people with visual impairment to choose information sources. The third one is access contraints that describe how they find obstacle to find the right information sources, the last theme is determining actions of participants to take actions after obtaining information from audiobook. Conclusion: The fourth theme shows information experience influenced by various factors and by the experience audiobook are not the main information sources used by participants.

The second goal of Sustainable Development (SDGs) is the realization of sustainable agriculture to reducing hunger and achieve food security. One of the indicators of sustainable agriculture is social equality which includes fairness in access to information and market access. However, in practice, in realizing social justice, many smallholders cannot access information and markets, resulting in social inequality. Especially in Riau Province, which is the largest palm oil producer in Indonesia, contradictory conditions exist in the trading system for palm oil fresh fruit bunches (FFB), which still leaves independent farmers with many problems. They do not get prices according to government regulations because they have not entered into a partnership with the Palm Oil Company (POC). To overcome this problem, the Riau Provincial Government formed a partnership palm oil pricing team involving the private sector, community, academics and the press. The aim of this research is to create dynamics of collaborative governance in determining prices for palm oil FFB in Riau Province in order to achieve justice in sustainable agriculture. This research uses a postpositivist approach with descriptive qualitative methods. Using data collection techniques in the form of participant observation and indepth interviews can offer alternative solutions to the problem of inequality in justice for independent farmers. The findings reveal that the dynamics of collaboration between parties, joint motivation to collaborate and equitable pricing, and there is a capacity for joint action in the pricing of oil palm FFB in Riau Province. These three factors have proven effective in providing open access to information and markets for independent partners and nonpartner oil palm smallholders in Riau Province.

During Nyepi, all activities are eliminated, including public services, such as closing access to land, sea, and air transportation routes that transit to Bali for one day. In 2022, the BMKG Research and Development Center observed air quality in Nyepi. The measurement aims to determine the relative reduction level of greenhouse gas (GHG) and particulate emissions on Nyepi Day compared to before and after. Greenhouse gases and particulates were measured for seven days, February 28 - March 6, 2022. The measurement locations were over 3 points: Denpasar Regional Office III, Karangasem Geophysics Post, and Jembrana Climatology Station. The results of this field measurement show that daily human activities significantly influence the concentration of pollutant gases and particulates in the air. During Nyepi Day, air concentration improves when all human actions are reduced. This is marked by a decrease in the air’s concentration of pollutant gases (CO, NO2) and dust particles. The reduction in the concentration of pollutant gases and dust particles did vary at each observation location; this was due to the sensitivity of the equipment, the character of each observation location, and the placement of measuring devices. Urban areas filled with community activities have experienced the greatest improvement in air quality compared to suburban areas. Order of measuring instruments close to the location of pollutant sources, even in suburban areas, will decrease the concentration of pollutant gases, similar to that in urban areas. The difference between PM25 data during Nyepi 2022 and the average PM25 for 2020 - 2022 shows a decrease in PM25 concentrations of around 47%, with the highest drop at night.

The use of antibiotics to cure bacterial diseases has a negative impact on fish and the environment, so it is necessary to look for natural products that are safe for treating fish diseases. This study aims to determine the activity of P. pinnata extract as an antibacterial towards V. alginolyticus, P. aeruginosa, A. salmonicida, E. ictaluri, A. hydrophila, and E. tarda bacteria. P. pinnata extract was obtained by maceration using ethanol solvent. This extract was tested for its phytochemical content, characterized by FT-IR and tested for its antibacterial activity by the agar diffusion method. The results of the phytochemical test of P. pinnata extract produced terpenoids compounds flavonoids, saponins and phenolic. The results of the FT-IR characterization of P. pinnata extract contained O-H, C-H, C=O and C-O groups. The results of the inhibition test showed that P. pinnata extract was able to inhibit the growth of V. alginolyticus bacteria by 13.0 mm to 14.7 mm. P. aeruginosa 14.5 mm to 17.1 mm. A. salmonicida by 12.4 mm to 14.9 mm. E. ictaluri by 13.5 mm to 15.5 mm. A. hydrophila 13.9 mm to 17.1 mm. E. tarda 13.6 mm to 15.5 mm. In conclusion, P. pinnata extract can be used to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria in fish.

HTI development involves many parties and stakeholders, one of which is the community living around the industrial forest area, whose existence cannot be separated from the forest. The location of the service in Bengkalis Regency is focused on Bukit Batu District. Data and information were collected through interviews and Focused Group Discussions. The results of the identification of social impacts found negative impacts from the existence of HTI companies on the people in the survey villages, namely land ownership conflicts, labour recruitment, and road dust that interfered with the residents' health. While the positive impact felt by the community is CSR assistance such as commemorating the anniversary of Indonesia's independence, sports competitions, and others. Additionally, the forest management efforts that must be carried out are socialization of a persuasive approach to the community to resolve conflicts between HTI companies and community lands, provide the widest possible opportunity for local workers in companies according to their level of education and experience, and prevent road dust so that it no longer disturbs the health of the population.

Introduction. The level of public interest reading in West Java, especially in Pangandaran Regency is in the low category, this is due to the lack of facilities that support public interest reading. One of the efforts of West Java local government to increase the public interest reading is by distributing Kotak Literasi Cerdas services or Kolecer to several districts and cities in West Java, including in Pangandaran Regency. This study aims to analyze the effect of library services, namely Kotak Literasi Cerdas or Kolecer on public interest reading in Pangandaran Regency. Methodology. This research is a quantitative study that shows the effect of variable X (Kolecer service) to variable Y (public interest reading). The population in this study amounted to 500 people, with a sample of 50 respondents. The data was collected by distributing questionnaires and observation. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique used descriptive statistical analysis and intervention statistical analysis, namely correlational analysis and simple linear regression. Results and discussion. This study indicates that there is a moderate positive effect between Kolecer services and public interest reading, which is 25.2%. In addition, several facilities from Kotak Literasi Cerdas service get an average mean value of 4.28. Conclusion. Reading interest influenced by the accessibility to books and other reading maerials. One of the public services offered is Kotak Literasi Cerdas which has proven to help communities build their reading interest.

The headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) technique has been recognized as a reliable technique for characterizing the aroma profile of Arabica coffee beans. The amount and content of the detected volatile compounds depend on the volatile analyte extraction process with HS-SPME, namely the adsorption and desorption processes. However, the optimal extraction time in applying coffee volatile compounds is still limited. This research aimed to obtain the optimum adsorption and desorption time in analyzing volatile compounds in brewed Java Arabica coffee. The adsorption time was optimized for 20 to 60 minutes with 5 minutes desorption time. The desorption time was optimized from 5 to 45 minutes with a 20 minutes of adsorption time. There are 14 volatile compounds with a peak area percentage of more than 2% from adsorption and desorption optimization. The optimal adsorption time was 50 minutes, where there were 5 of 7 compounds with the most significant area, such as 2-furfural (29%), 2-acetyl furan (3%), 2-furfuryl acetate (6%), 5-methyl furfural (12%), and 2-furfuryl alcohol (14%). Meanwhile, the most optimal desorption time was 5 minutes which detected 12 compounds, while the other desorption time only detected eight compounds. Furfuryl formate (2%), pyridine (12%), and 2-furfuryl alcohol (14%) had a higher peak area than the other compounds at a desorption time of 5 minutes. The results showed the same number of volatile compounds at each adsorption time. In conclusion, the adsorption time did not affect the number of compounds detected as in the optimization of desorption time. Adsorption and desorption time is crucial in analyzing volatile compounds from coffee using the HS-SPME/GC-MS technique.

Abstract Background Obesity is a cause of FGF21 resistance, which affects the browning and thermogenesis process of the adipose tissue. Decreased receptor expression is influenced by miR‐34a, whose expression is increased in obesity. While FGF21‐based therapies have been widely investigated, the potential activity of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. extract (HSE) against FGF21 resistance is unknown. Objective This study aims to determine the effects of HSE on the expression of miR‐34a and FGF21 receptors in white adipose tissue. Methods This experimental study used 24 male Sprague‐Dawley rats and divided into four groups: Control (N); diet‐induced‐obesity rats (DIO); DIO rats with HSE 200 mg/kgBW/day and DIO rats with HSE 400 mg/kgBW/day. Rats were fed a high‐fat diet for 17 weeks. HSE was administered daily for 5 weeks. The administration of HSE 400 mg/kgBW/day resulted in the equivalent expression of miR‐34a to that of the control (p > 0.05). Results FGFR1 receptor expression was also similar to controls (p > 0.05). Beta‐klotho expression was significantly lower than that of control (p

The depletion of oil reserves and the increasing need for fuel have become a problem in the supply of energy sources. One of the efforts to maintain the availability of fuel is to use ethanol fuel grade as an alternative fuel. Continuous adsorption is one method that can purify ethanol up to a concentration of 99.5% (v/v). This study aims to increase the purity of ethanol using adsorbent zeolite 3A and calcium oxide (CaO) with a continuous adsorption method. The feed used is technical ethanol with a concentration of 96% (v/v). The equipment used is a continuous adsorption apparatus with a fixed bed column. Parameters measured during the process were ethanol concentration, feed flow rate, temperature, and pressure. Variations carried out were variations in feed flow rate (5 mL/min, 12 mL/min, and 18 mL/min) and the type of adsorbent (zeolite 3A and CaO). The best continuous adsorption process at 5 mL/min flow rate using zeolite 3A adsorbent with the ethanol product concentration rated up to 99.54% on pycnometer analysis and 99.33% on GC-MS analysis. While using CaO adsorbent, the best results were obtained at 5 ml/min rate, with the highest ethanol product concentration of 99.54% in the pycnometer and 99.33% on GC-MS.

The endoperoxides of β-carotene play a key role in signaling of photooxidative stress in plant cells and are regarded as the products of chemical deactivation of singlet oxygen. The authors show that these compounds are instead formed in a reaction between oxygen and β-carotene in their triplet states, revealing the importance of the triplet states in the photoprotection of photosynthetic apparatus.

Based on the results of the plenary Session of the Situbondo Regional People's Representative Council, it is necessary to revise the Situbondo Regional People's Representative Council Regulation Number 01 of 2018 concerning the order of the Situbondo Regional People's Representative Council Regulations. Therefore, a Draft Regulation is prepared to be facilitated by the East Java Governor. There are several important points that became notes for the post-facilitation facilitation of the Governor of East Java to be included in the material for the rules. The purpose of this service is to direct the preparation of regulations in accordance with the hierarchical rules of legislation. This outreach program used the juridical – normative method through the approach of legislation. The results of this outreach program are in the form of a draft regulation for the Situbondo Regional People's Representative Council.

This study aims to analyze the improvement of the operational performance of Indonesia’s Soekarno-Hatta Airport train through service quality which is mediated by train passenger loyalty and passenger satisfaction. The main problems in this study are the use of the same railway for long-distance train, airport train, and commuter Line train, the limited use of airport railway with four schedules, the headway which becomes 30 minutes since the number of travels becomes 82 trips, and the tariff being applied now is considered as burdening the passengers. The research method uses a quantitative analysis approach with the technique of Structural Equation Modeling-Lisrel. Data collection is done through observation and questionnaire distribution. The respondents are 306 passengers of trains heading for Soekarno-Hatta Airport. The benefit of this study for the domestic railway company is that by improving service quality, passenger loyalty and satisfaction, it will improve the operational performance of airport trains. The result of this research indicates the significant influence of service quality variable on passenger loyalty through passenger satisfaction, the significant influence of service quality variable on operational performance through passenger satisfaction and passenger loyalty as well as the significant influence of passenger satisfaction variable on operational performance through passenger loyalty.

Introduction: The phenomenon of information overload experienced by the Indonesian people has caused many problems ranging from a decrease in the level of public awareness in understanding the validity and accuracy of information sources to changes in public information behavior. One of the problems in the flood of information is the increase of publications both scientific and popular which are the daily consumption of society which is very relevant to the librarian in the current situation and in the future. Methodology: This research was conducted qualitatively by collecting data from literatures that relevant to the research theme. The collected data was then identified to find patterns that match the research objectives, namely to find out the competence of librarians that is relevant for the industrial era 4.0. Discussion: The results show librarians need to have strategies in developing new ways to help people direct and focus their search for finding documents or information that are accurate and valid. Conclusion: It is known that the information overload phenomenon is one of the hallmarks of this industrial 4.0 era so that it requires the development of librarian competencies in maintaining their contribution and existence in the information society.

This study investigates the sound of Hanacaraka in Javanese to select the best frame feature in checking the reading sound. Selection of the right frame feature is needed in speech recognition because certain frames have accuracy at their dominant weight, so it is necessary to match frames with the best accuracy. Common and widely used feature extraction models include the Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC). The MFCC method has an accuracy of 50% to 60%. This research uses MFCC and the selection of Dominant Weight features for the Javanese language script sound Hanacaraka which produces a frame and cepstral coefficient as feature extraction. The use of the cepstral coefficient ranges from 0 to 23 or as many as 24 cepstral coefficients. In comparison, the captured frame consists of 0 to 10 frames or consists of eleven frames. A sound sampling of 300 recorded voice sampling was tested on 300 voice recordings of both male and female voice recordings. The frequency used is 44,100 kHz 16-bit stereo. The accuracy results show that the MFCC method with the ninth frame selection has a higher accuracy rate of 86% than other frames.

Banana, as the world’s most consumed fruit, is a good source of carbohydrate, potassium, fiber, and other essential nutrients such as pro-vitamin A carotenoids. The carotenoid content and composition in bananas commonly sold in fruit shops in Malang have become interesting studies. Five types of banana, i.e. Berlin, Mas, Cavendish, Candi and Raja were characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The carotenoid concentrations ranged between 347–3,660 µg/100 g dry weight (dw), with the level of vitamin A activity at the range between 6-139 µg RAE/100 g dw. The Mas banana had a higher carotenoid concentration compared to the Berlin, Candi, Raja, and Cavendish varieties.

In this report, we demonstrated an application of a thin film Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) as a light sensor integrated with an Android smartphone as a model of smart street lighting. BST thin films were fabricated using chemical solution deposition methods followed by spin coating with a variety of mole fractions. We assumed that changes in the lattice parameters of its tetragonal crystal structure caused by variations in the mole fraction result in different ions displacement characteristics that induce charges polarization in the crystal structure. We have confirmed that the BST thin film with mole fraction x = 0.500 was the best thin film for the light sensor in this prototype. Furthermore, it has been found that the smart street lighting gives ∼69.23 % power saving and lower power usage than a conventional street lighting. Additionally, this developed system has successfully reported the lamp status that is to be maintained to an Android phone of the maintainer by using a short message system. This self-reporting makes it easy for maintainer to identify broken lamps and to do repairs. Moreover, implementation of such features to the street lighting can reduce the operating cost.

Ibnu Purwanto,1 Didik Setyo Heriyanto,2 Irianiwati Widodo,2 Mohammad Hakimi,3 Mardiah Suci Hardianti,1 Teguh Aryandono,4 Sofia Mubarika Haryana5 1Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University/Dr Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; 2Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University/Dr Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; 3Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University/Dr Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; 4Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University/Dr Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; 5Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University/Dr Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Ibnu PurwantoDivision of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University/Dr Sardjito Hospital, Jalan Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, IndonesiaTel/Fax (+62 274) 560300Email ibnupurwanto@ugm.ac.idPurpose: Determining the optimal strategy to implement systemic treatment modalities has been challenging in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We aim to investigate the role of microRNA-223 (miR-223) as prognostic factor and predictor of response toward chemotherapy in TNBC.Patients and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the association of pretreatment miR-223 expression with clinicopathologic characteristics and 36-month overall survival (OS) of 53 all stages TNBC patients. Tumor level of miR-223 was measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (expressed in fold change). Cutoff value for miR-223 was determined by using receiver operating curve (ROC). Kaplan–Meier curve was used to perform survival analysis.Results: The optimum cutoff value for miR-223 was 23.435 (AUC: 0.706, 95%CI: 0.565– 0.848; p:0.01; sensitivity: 78.6%; specificity: 56%) and was used to categorize mir-223 expression into over- and underexpressed group. Overexpression of miR-223 was associated with increased expression of EGFR (69.7% vs 35%, p: 0.022) and lower 36-month OS (33.3% vs 70%; median OS±SE (months): 25.66± 1.58 vs 30.23± 1.99; log rank p< 0.05). Worse survival is observed in miR-223 overexpressed group receiving platinum-based chemotherapy compared to miR-223 underexpressed group (mean OS (95%CI) months: 24.7 (20.3– 29.1) vs 34.3 (31.2– 37.4); p< 0.01), while no significant difference observed in non-platinum containing regimen. No significant association was observed between miR-223 expression with other clinicopathologic characteristics.Conclusion: Overexpression of miR-223 is associated with increased expression of EGFR, worse prognosis, and resistance toward platinum-based chemotherapy in Indonesian TNBC patients.Keywords: miR-223, chemotherapy, prognosis, EGFR, TNBC

Background of the study: This research identifies ways of the document management of local oral traditions in Majalengka. Purpose: It aims to uncover how the library has managed the local oral document which intended to preserve the Gaok local content. Method: A qualitative method was implemented by using semi-structured interviews as a data collection technique. The collected data were then analyzed by using Thematic Analysis, which generates three themes related to the research questions. The themes are Motivation, Document Management, and Dissemination Planning. Findings: Motivation describes the background of the initiative by managing the Gaok Oral Documents. While the second theme, Document Management, portrays the effort taken by the library in managing the documents, that include retrieving information about Gaok, writing its resume, and disseminate the information. Finally, the third theme, Dissemination Plan, describing the library strategic plans on disseminating and implementing their strategy of the Gaok Documents locally and nationally. The library believes that by managing the Gaok Oral Documents effectively, this local tradition will keep alive and known and hopefully preserved by the future generations. Conclusion: This study reflects how a library plays an important role in managing and preserving local culture.

Palm oil is an edible vegetable oil derived from the mesocarp (reddish pulp) of the fruit of the oil palm, primarily the African oil palm Elaeis guineensis. Oil palm is one of agriculture comodity that can increase farmers income, provide raw material on manufacture industry which can create added value. The expansion of oil palm farming in Indonesia has shifted the use of mineral land to suboptimal land which is currently available in many place in Indonesia. Generally the aim of this research is to anylize the competitiveness sensitivity of oil palm farming. Specifically this research wants to anylize the sensitivity on input-output changing, and to anylize the impact of government policy on input-output when facing fluctuation price. In order to reach the goal of this research we used Policy Anlayisis Matrix (PAM). The result of this research shows that partially the declining of price, declining of output volume and increasing input price PCR value and DRCR < 1, which means that the oil palm farming on suboptimal land has competitivenes, and the absence of government policy on determaining input price nor output price on oil palm farming in at suboptimal land. While simultanously shows that the fluctuation of input and output price causes value of PCR dan DRCR > 1 with PCR value 1,12 and DRCR value 1,04, means that oil palm farming on suboptimal land at Musi Rawas Regency not feasible and has no competitiveness. It means that government policy needed to protect input price in oil palm farming on suboptimal land. Therefore government support and guidence in oil palm farming technology on suboptimal land also needed to increase the production of oil palm farming on suboptimal land.

Bacterial diseases have emerged as a significant issue within the fish ecosystem, and the use of antibiotics to treat these diseases has detrimental effects on both fish and the environment. Therefore, it is imperative to seek out natural products that are safe for combating fish diseases. This research aims to assess the antibacterial properties of an extract derived from Muntingia calabura against various bacteria, including A. hydrophila, A. salmonicida, E. ictaluri, P. aeruginosa, E. tarda, and V. alginolyticus. M. calabura extract was obtained by soaking with ethanol solvent. This extract has been tested for phytochemical content and characterized by FT-IR. The antibacterial activity of the M. calabura extract was evaluated using the agar diffusion method, employing concentrations of 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 mg mL-1. The phytochemical analysis of the M. calabura extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenolic compounds, saponins, and terpenoids. The results of the FT-IR characterization of M. calabura extract contained O-H, C=O, C=C aliphatic, C=C aromatic and C-O groups. The inhibition tests demonstrated that the M. calabura extract effectively hindered the growth of A. hydrophila bacteria by a range of 8.1 mm to 14.2 mm, A. salmonicida by 9.2 mm to 10.9 mm, E. ictaluri by 8.8 mm to 11.5 mm, P. aeruginosa by 8.1 mm to 12.1 mm, E. tarda by 9.6 mm to 11.4 mm, and V. alginolyticus by 8.2 mm to 12.2 mm. In summary, the extract from M. calabura has the potential to effectively on paper plates and incubated at 30°C for 24 hours.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor dominan yang menentukan produksi ikan lele dan skala pengembalian hasil ikan lele di Kota Pekanbaru. Metode penambilan sampel secara simple random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 98 peternak ikan lele. Sampel diambil dari 5 kecamatan, yaitu Tenayan Raya, Tampan, Bukitraya, dan Rumbai Pesisir. Analisis data menggunakan pendekatan regresi non linear dengan fungsi produksi Cobb Douglas. Metode estimasi menggunakan metode Ordinary Least Square. Hasil peneltian menunjukkan bahwa faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi produksi ikan lele Pekanbaru adalah tenaga kerja, luas kolam, benih dan pakan pada taraf kepercayaan 5 persen. Skala pengembalian hasil usaha ikan lele tergolong dalam Increasing Return to Scale. Hal ini berarti perubahan input (tenaga kerja, luas kolam, benih dan pakan) secara bersama-sama memberikan pengaruh yang besar terhadap perubahan produksi. Dengan demikian input tersebut sangat diperlukan dalam peningkatan produksi ikan lele. This research analyzed the determinant of catfish production and return to scle of catfish in Pekanbaru. Sampling method used simple random sampling and amount of sample are 98 catfs farmers.Samples were taken from 5 districts, namely Tenayan Raya, Tampan, Bukitraya, dan Rumbai Pesisir. Method of data analysis used multiple non linear regression white Cobb Douglas production function. The estmation method used Ordinary Least Square. The research results showed that labor, pond area, catfish seed and feeding at a level of significant 5 percent. Return to Scale of catfish farmng was Increasing Return to Scale. It is means that changes in input (labor, pond area, catfish seed and feedng) had a large influence on changes of catfish production. Thus, these input are needed to increase catfish production.

The advent of coronavirus disease 2019, or COVID-19, continues to trigger several important disruptions/innovations in practically every sector around the world. Additionally, the impacts are predominant in certain educational systems and in creating opportunities. Previous studies had addressed possible effective methods in handling distant learning and student interactions. This qualitative study explored lecturers’ information literacy experience during online classes as a result of the pandemic. Semi-structured interview techniques were applied among participants, made up of 15 lecturers in the Humanities Faculty, Diponegoro University, Indonesia, and thematic analysis was used to analyze the data obtained. The results showed the focus of lecturers’ information literacy experience was primarily on student interactions and knowledge of various online learning platforms. However, information repackaging was a significant initial consideration during virtual classes, after identifying salient student characteristics. In summary, the present study have contributed to the theoretical understanding of information literacy and may be of benefit to the teaching faculties for enhancing teaching and learning activities, as well as providing student support.

This research investigates names as brands of geotourism based on morphological and toponymic analysis tourism destinations in (UGG) Batur Bali – Indonesia. Qualitative descriptive method was employed by collecting data from UGG Batur. The purposes of the analysis are to describe the destinations and their branding function based on their word formations and toponyms. The research finds the morphological and toponymic patterns of the names. Their intersection generates the brands of geotourism namely characteristics of geotourisms, association to an event related to a person, memory or in honor of outstanding people, geographical peculiarities and names from one other location.

This study aims to determine the market's reaction to the announcement of company list change’s at LQ45 Index, Jakarta Islamic Index (JII), and SRI-KEHATI Index. Sample of this research is company stocks that include in or exclude from LQ45 Index, JII, and SRI-KEHATI Index during the period 2009 to 2018. The results showed that in general in the sample group of companies included in the Index, no significant market reaction was found. For the sample group of companies excluded from the Index, significant negative market reactions were found from all the Index. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in market reaction was found, both in the sample group included and in the sample group excluded from the Index. Significant different market reaction were only found in the LQ45 Index and JII.

Palm oil commodity is plantation sub-sector commodity which can increase the income of farmers and communities, providers of raw material processing industries that create added value. Cultivated by smallholders self consists of land area, peatlands tidal, coastal peatlands and coastal lands. Differences typology of this land will contribute to the different productions. Generally, this study aimed to analyze the factors of production and farming oil palm, according to the typology of land Specifically aimed to analyze the production and cultivation of oil palm as well as the dominant factor affecting the production Kalapa smallholders' according to the typology of the land and to formulate policy implications of oil palm development patterns of the people in Indragiri Hilir in Riau province. To answer this research analyzed with descriptive statistics and build a multiple regression model with dummy variables Ordinary Least Square method (OLS). Memperlihatan research results that palm oil production and farming on land typology highest compared with tidal peat, peat coast, and coastal lands. Oil palm farming income on a non-pattern land typology best compared with other lands (peat tides, coastal peatlands, and coastal land). The dominant factor affecting the production of palm oil in Indragiri Hilir is the amount of fertilizer, labor, plant age, herbicides, and soil typology dummy land. Policy Implications development of oil palm plantation in Indragiri Hilir in order to increase production, productivity and farm income oil palm can be through the construction of roads production, provision of means of production and palm oil processing industry to shorten the distance and shorten the time of transport that TBS of oil palm plantations to the factory. Furthermore, the use of fertilizers, labor and land typology is very responsive to TBS production. Therefore, in the farming of oil palm cultivation should follow the recommended technical.

Raden Danarto,1 Didik Setyo Heriyanto,2 Muhammad Risan,1 Prahara Yuri1 1Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; 2Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta 55281, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Prahara YuriDivision of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Jl. Kesehatan No. 1, Yogyakarta 55281, IndonesiaEmail prahara.yuri@ugm.ac.idBackground: Testicular reperfusion is believed to be the mechanism by which testicular injury occurs in the ischemic testis. This study was performed to determine the therapeutic efficacy of lumbrokinase for treating ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury-induced bilateral testicular torsion.Methods: Twenty-four male rats were equally divided into the following groups: torsion only (T), torsion plus lumbrokinase (TL), torsion-detorsion only (TD) and torsion-detorsion plus lumbrokinase (TDL) groups. The right testicle in each groups sample was rotated 720° for 4 h, followed by orchiectomy. The rats in the TD (TD and TDL) groups additionally underwent detorsion for 1 h after the initial rotation. Testicular tissues were collected for measuring anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) and pro-apoptotic BCL-2-associated X protein (BAX) gene expression levels using real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results: Pro- and anti-apoptotic gene expression levels were increased in the TD groups. Lumbrokinase was significantly effective in lowering BAX expression levels, particularly those in the TDL group compared with those in the TD group (P

The market reaction on changes in corporate's name on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study tried to investigate empirically market reaction over the announcement of corporate name changes of companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The market reaction is measured by using abnormal return with a single index model approach. The database of corporate name change announcements on the Indonesia Stock Exchange has obtained from an annual fact book report. The sample of this study consists of the companies that make a name change from 2005 to 2017. Hypothesis test uses one sample t-test. This research's result proves that there was a positive and significant market reaction to the corporate name change announcement. Moreover, This research’s result shows that there was a positive and significant reaction on the corporate name change announcement which is included on major change while at the corporate name change announcement which included on minor change there was no significant market reaction.

This study aims to examine empirically the investment behavior of investors over the announcement of financial distress of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The testing period in this study was 2005-2016. The behavior of investors in competing companies (non-delist) in the industry (known as intra-industry information transfer) can be seen from abnormal return patterns that occur in competitors' shares around the delist announcement day. Contagion effect occurs in competing companies in one industry that get negative reactions from investors while competitive effects occur in competing companies that get a positive reaction from investors over the delist announcement of other company. This study uses leverage and market capitalization of competing companies to explain the contagion and competitive effects. Sampling in this study uses a purposive sampling approach. Data analysis techniques in this study use one sample t-test. The number of samples in this study were 22 delist companies and 132 non-delist companies. This study showed that there was an intra-industry information transfer. Competitive effect occurs at t-3 and t+2 arround the delist announcement day. Specifically, market capitalization and leverage of non-delist can not explain the direction of intra-industry information transfer

Vivid orange petals of marigold have been studied well as the richest source of lutein. Although it is very promising to be explored as functional food ingredients, there were only few studies that described extraction methods which meet food grade requirements. Here, lutein was extracted from marigold petals using vegetable oil, subsequently encapsulated and prepared as lyophilized powder, and incorporated into milk-tea beverage. An organoleptic assay was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of lutein addition into milk-tea beverage as well as the consumers’ preference. The results showed that the extraction capacity of vegetable oil was 1.9 times higher than that of acetone, being comparable to that of hexane. Interestingly, the encapsulated lutein was favorably incorporated into milk-tea, and its flavor was liked very much by the panellists.

Localized tetanus is a rare form of tetanus and generally has a better prognosis, but it could become fatal when it progresses into generalized tetanus. Treatment is challenging as there are limited data about clinical management and factors preventing localized tetanus progression. We present a case of localized tetanus in left lower limb of 8 year-old boy which progressed into generalized tetanus.

This study aimed to examine the differences in the company’s performance before and after privatization. This study also examined the differences in performance before and after privatization on specific sub-samples of the data which is based on privatization method. Government policy of carrying out the privatization toward SOEs is still pro and contra. Various Privatization methods offer its weaknesses and strengths. There are different opinions on the best method for SOE privatization in Indonesia. The population is all companies which execute the privatization method. Secondary data were used namely financial statement which was taken from the Indonesia Stock Exchange, and the company’s website. Data were analyzed using normality test data. In addition, the paired t-test by using normally distributed data assumption was used to test the hypothesis. The results showed that Direct method privatization positive and significant changes in measuring Total Asset Turnover. Performance conducted Privatization through the capital markets showed different results. Test on the capital market method of data showed a similar effect with an analysis on the entire data (without separating the privatization method used) that occur significant performance degradation, especially in measuring Total Asset Turnover, Debt Ratio and Return On Equity. Conducted Management/ Employee Buy-Out (MBO) privatization implied a substantial reduction in measuring Debt Ratio and Return on Equity Performance.

As it has been widely known that the spectacular characteristics of nanomaterials are strongly dependent on their particle size, crystal structure, and molecular arrangement. The fine structure formation of nanomaterials is inevitable in an attempt of optimizing their promising applications in various fields. One of the notable nanomaterials up to now is hausmannite or Mn3O4. This paper presents a combination of coprecipitation and sonochemical routes in a concurrent way to produce spinel-structured hausmannite nanomaterials. The pH was varied during the synthesis at values of 9, 10, 11, 11.5, and 12. The crystal structure properties were evaluated by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) with the diffraction angle range of 15° - 80°. The functional groups were investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry having wavenumber from 400 to 4000 cm-1. In this study, pH 10 was found to be the best synthesis parameter in producing Mn3O4. Both XRD and FTIR data analyses have agreed on the formation of spinel hausmannite nanomaterials.

This research generally aims to analyze the behavior of food consumption source of carbohydrate, specifically, this study aims to analyze the dominant factor and analyze the response of food consumption expenditure dominant source of carbohydrate for factors that influence it. To answer this research purpose built models Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) were analyzed by methods Seemingly Unreleated Regression (SUR).Food commodities sources of carbohydrates are included in the model to include five commodities (commodity groups), include: rice, yam, noodles, cassava and potatoes. The results showed that the higher the income level, the proportion of food expenditure of commodities as rice, yam, noodles, cassava, and potatoes tend to increase. Meanwhile, the higher the mother's education the more domestic rice consumption, while consumption of yam noodles, cassava and potatoes tend to decline. The analysis showed that the price elasticity of its own for the entire commodity observed negative sign except cassava and yams and potatoes only the value of elasticity is greater than one. This indicates that the commodity consumption expenditures yams and potatoes are responsive to changes in its price. Similarly, the cross-price elasticities show the value of elasticity (in absolute value) with cassava yams and potatoes is greater than one, means commodity consumption expenditures yams are responsive to changes in prices of other commodities. Meanwhile, the income elasticity shows two commodities that have an income elasticity greater than one, which is the income elasticity for commodities noodles, and cassava. From these findings it can be stated that the policies related to revenue-raising efforts should be made to boost household consumption, especially consumption of palm oil farmers noodles and cassava, while the price control policy needs to be done to increase the consumption of yams.

The utilization of carotenoid rich red fruit oil for food product development is still limited due to has low solubility in aqueous phase and unstable. Nanoencapsulation was proposed to improve the solubility as well as to retain the stability. This study aimed to determine the capability of nanoencapsulation process in maintaining the stability of carotenoid towards heat and light treatments and to estimate the shelf life of the encapsulant. Ionic gelation method was applied in the nanoencapsulation process using chitosan as a coating agent. Total carotenoid was calculated using Gross equation, while the estimation of shelf life of the product was predicted using Arrhenius model. Particle size of the best nanoencapsulation sample was 70.48 nm with a polydisperse index of 0.02 and zeta potential of 14.80 mV. These physical properties of nanoencapsulant agreed with the results of morphological measurement by TEM. The stability of carotenoid pigment in nanoencapsulant throughout several treatments, such as light (1700 lux, 12 hours), blanching (80 °C, 30 minutes), pasteurization (90 °C, 20 minutes), and sterilization (121 °C, 5 minutes) was higher compared to the stability of emulsion without treatment. The decreasing of total carotenoid in nanoencapsulant for each treatment was 6.92%; 13.51%; 17.77%; and 20.49%, while the reduction in emulsion was 26.33%; 45.25%; 54.46%; and 65.74%, respectively. Nanoencapsulation sample at room temperature (25 °C) has a shelf life of 5.2 months which was longer than the emulsion sample (0.5 months). Nanoencapsulation showed better protection on the stability of carotenoid pigment and increased the shelf life of red fruit oil. ABSTRAK Pemanfaatan minyak buah merah yang kaya akan pigmen karotenoid pada produk pangan masih terbatas karena sifatnya kurang larut dalam fase air dan memiliki stabilitas yang rendah. Nanoenkapsulasi diharapkan dapat memperbaiki kelarutan dalam air dan mempertahankan stabilitasnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh proses nanoenkapsulasi dalam mempertahankan stabilitas pigmen karotenoid minyak buah merah dari pengaruh perlakuan panas dan cahaya, serta memperkirakan umur simpan nanoenkapsulat. Proses nanoenkapsulasi menggunakan metode gelasi dengan kitosan sebagai bahan enkapsulat. Total karotenoid diukur menggunakan persamaan Gross, dan prediksi umur simpan menggunakan model Arrhenius. Ukuran partikel nanoenkapsulasi terbaik mencapai 70,48 nm dengan polidispersi indeks 0,02 dan zeta potensial 14,80 mV. Kriteria fisik nanoenkapsulasi ini didukung oleh hasil pengukuran morfologi menggunakan TEM. Stabilitas pigmen karotenoid pada nanoenkapsulasi dengan perlakuan cahaya (1700 lux, 12 jam), blansir (80 °C, 30 menit), pasteurisasi (90 °C, 20 menit), dan sterilisasi (121 °C, 5 menit) lebih baik dibandingkan emulsi tanpa perlakuan dengan penurunan total karotenoid masing-masing perlakuan sebesar 6,92%; 13,51%; 17,77%; dan 20,49% pada nanoenkapsulasi, sedangkan pada emulsi mencapai 26,33%; 45,25%; 54,46%; dan 65,74%. Sampel nanoenkapsulasi pada suhu ruang (25 °C) memiliki umur simpan 5,2 bulan lebih lama dibandingkan sampel emulsi yang hanya mencapai 0,5 bulan. Metode nanoenkapsulasi dapat mempertahankan stabilitas pigmen karotenoid dan meningkatkan umur simpan minyak buah merah....

Banana cultivars that are rich in provitamin A carotenoids and other nutrients may offer a potential food source to help alleviate vitamin A deficiencies, particularly in developing countries. The local plantain type banana, Agung Semeru (Musa paradisiaca L.), was investigated, in order to analyse the changes in the compositions of the provitamin A carotenoids and metabolite compounds, including the amino acids, organic acids, and sugars, during the ripening stage as this banana is widely processed for food products in either the unripe, ripe, or overripe stages. The bananas that had reached the desired ripening stages were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, and the results indicated that the total provitamin A carotenoid concentrations ranged between 4748.83 μg/100 g dry weight (dw) and 7330.40 μg/100 g dw, with the highest level of vitamin A activity at 457.33±5.18 μg retinol activity equivalents (RAE)/100 g dw. Compared to the Cavendish variety, which is consumed worldwide, the Agung Semeru banana had vitamin A activity that was 40 to 90 times higher, dependent on the stage of ripening. The breakdown of the starch during the ripening stages resulted in an increase of its sugar compounds, such as sucrose, fructose, and glucose, as well as its dominant organic acids, such as malic acid, oxalic acid, and citric acid, which were observed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) during the ripening stages. The findings of this study show that the Agung Semeru banana is a promising fruit that could be widely produced as a nutritional and energy food resource, due to its high levels of vitamin A activity and sugars.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are continuously generated as a by-product of normal aerobic metabolism. Elevated ROS formation leads to potential damage of biological structures and is implicated in various diseases. Astaxanthin, a xanthophyll carotenoid, is a secondary metabolite responsible for the red-orange color of a number of marine animals and microorganisms. There is mounting evidence that astaxanthin has powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities. Hence, its consumption can result in various health benefits, with potential for therapeutic application. Astaxanthin contains both a hydroxyl and a keto group, and this unique structure plays important roles in neutralizing ROS. The molecule quenches harmful singlet oxygen, scavenges peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals and converts them into more stable compounds, prevents the formation of free radicals, and inhibits the autoxidation chain reaction. It also acts as a metal chelator and converts metal prooxidants into harmless molecules. However, like many other carotenoids, astaxanthin is affected by the environmental conditions, e.g., pH, heat, or exposure to light. It is hence susceptible to structural modification, i.e., via isomerization, aggregation, or esterification, which alters its physiochemical properties. Here, we provide a concise overview of the distribution of astaxanthin in tissues, and astaxanthin structures, and their role in tackling singlet oxygen and free radicals. We highlight the effect of structural modification of astaxanthin molecules on the bioavailability and biological activity. These studies suggested that astaxanthin would be a promising dietary supplement for health applications.

Performance is the work result of the employees to achieve of some company goals.The purpose of this researches is to determine the effect of work motivation and work discipline the performance as partial and simultaneous at the BMD Institute. The population in this research a total of 70 employees that is also a sample of all the population in that office. Research using multiple regression analysis. The result showed work motivation and work discipline a significant positive effect on employee performance. It was also concluded that work discipline variable dominanly influenced on employee performance compared to work motivation.

Abstract: This study aims to improve students' motivation and scores in social science through the application of NHT and CF cooperative learning model. There are two cycles in this study with three meetings per cycle. Each cycle consists of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The data were obtained from the test results, observation sheets, field notes, and documentation. The subjects consisted of 36 students from grade VII Junior High School. The results showed that NHT and CF were able to improve motivation and achievement. It was proved with the increase of motivation in the first cycle 74.03% to 83.34% in the second cycle, so it increased as much as 9.31%. Student’s achievement in the first cycle was 77.78% became 94.44%, it has increased 16.66%. Key Words: NHT, CF, motivation, scores in social science Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS melalui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe NHT dan CF. Terdapat dua siklus yang digunakan dalam penelitian tindakan kelas ini dengan tiga pertemuan per siklusnya. Masing-masing siklus terdiri atas perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Data penelitian ini diperoleh dari hasil tes, lembar observasi, catatan lapangan, dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian ini terdiri atas 36 siswa kelas VII SMP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe NHT dan CF mampu meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa. Terbukti dengan perolehan persentase nilai rata-rata motivasi siswa pada siklus I sebesar 74,03% dan meningkat pada siklus II sebesar 83,34% mengalami peningkatan 9,31%. Hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I sebesar 77,78% dan meningkat pada siklus II sebesar 94,44% mengalami peningkatan 16,66%. Kata Kunci: NHT, CF, motivasi, hasil belajar IPS

Fish has two chemical sensory/receptor systems that smell (olfactory) and taste (gustatory) odor that adapt to the specific substance of the environment. In general, olfactory is similar to nasal organs for human nostrils. The olfactory receptors detect chemical stimuli in the form of electrical signals. Based on the ability of fish that can respond to chemical stimuli through the sense of smell, a substance can be used to attract the attention of fish. In response to this reality, AFA (Amino Acid Fish Aggregation) can be developed as a fish collecting tool to attract fish bu using amino acid preparation that works though the sense of smell and taste of fish. The objectives of this study were to design and produce a prototype of Amino Acid Fish Aggregation (AFA), to determine the productivity of catches of raft lift net by using AFA, and to calculate the length of the weight of the catch using AFA. The data used were catch data with weights and lengths of fish catch by raft lift net using AFA. The results showed that the AFA prototype which had a size of p x l x t : 35 x 22 x 15 cm and the highest catches was found at 18.00-00.00 WIB by using AFA with raft lift net. The catches using AFA in Palabuhanratu waters amounted to 5 types of fish, namely stolephorus sp., sardinella sp., rastrelliger kanagurta, euthynnus affinis, trichiurus sp., and positive allometrics were found in rastrelliger kanagurta and anchovy, but negative allometrics were found in euthynnus affinis, sardinella sp., and trichiurus sp.

The effect of spectral irradiance and temperature variation on the performance of the mechanically stacked Al0.3Ga0.7As/InP/Ge multijunction solar cells was investigated using a simulation approach. The incoming and transmitted spectra of each subcell were simulated by using MATLAB codes, while PC1D software did the power-producing simulations. The incoming solar radiation on the first subcell was a multiplication of AM1.5d spectrum with the value of spectral irradiance multiplication factor (SIMF) 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 150, and 200 suns. Each set of simulation was done at 25°C, 50°C, 75°C, and 100°C. The simulation results have shown a linear behavior of the open-circuit voltage and the efficiency of the solar cells upon variation of temperature, while the nonlinear response of the solar cells performance was obtained due to the change of SIMF. The simulation results also suggest that the spectral irradiance exposure at 100 suns and the operating temperature of 25°C give the highest efficiency.

Tujuan penelitian ini ada lah: (1) menganalisis perilaku pasar kedelai domestik yang meliputi penawaran, permintaan, harga domestik, produksi, dan pasar kedelai dunia, (2) menganalisis alternatif kebijakan yang dapat menghemat devisa dari impor kedelai. Simulasi kebijakan yang digu nakan dalam penghematan devisa negara adalah (1) peningkatan luas areal panen kedelai di Luar Jawa sebesar 20 %. Hal ini berdampak pada penurunan luas areal panen di Jawa sebesar 0,17%, peningkatan luas areal panen di Luar Jawa sebesar 0,20 %, pengurangan produktivitas kedelai Jawa sebesar 17,87%, peningkatan produktivitas kedelai Luar Jawa sebesar 39,1%, penurunan impor kedelai sebesar 0,15%, meningkatkan harga kedelai domestik sebesar o,19%, meningkatkan permintaan kedelai 7,11% dan meningkatkan produksi kedelai nasional sebesar 0,70%. (2) menurunkan harga pupuk sebesar 20% berdampak dengan meningkatnya luas areal panen kedelai di Jawa sebesar 0,16%, meningkatnya luas areal panen kedelai di Luar Jawa sebesar 0,25%, meningkatkan produktivitas kedelai Jawa s ebesar 2,13%, meningkatkan produktivitas kedelai di Luar Jawa sebesar 0,46%, menurunkan impor kedelai sebesar 0,11%, meningkatnya harga kedelai sebesar 0,35%, meningkatnya permintaan kedelai sebesar 42,55% dan meningkatkan produksi kedelai nasional sebesar 0,08%. (3) peningkatan teknologi sebesar 10% yang akan berdampak pada meningkatnya luas areal panen kedelai Jawa sebesar 0,03%, meningkatkan luas areal kedelai Luar Jawa sebesar 0,04%, meningkatkan produktivitas kedelai Jawa sebesar 4,14%, meningkatkan pr oduktivitas kedelai Luar Jawa sebesar 0,91%, menurunkan impor kedelai sebesar 1,00%, meningkatkan harga kedelai domestik sebesar 0,17%, permintaan kedelai meningkat sebesar 0,07% dan produksi kedelai nasional meningkat sebesar 1,02%. (4) apresiasi rupiah t erhadap US$ sebesar 50% akan berdampak pada menurunnya luas areal kedelai Jawa sebesar 0,06%, meningkatnya luas areal kedelai Luar Jawa sebesar 0,18%, menurunnya produktivitas Jawa sebesar 0,09%, meningkatkan produktivitas kedelai Luar Jawa sebesar 3,44%, menurunkan impor sebesar 0,28%, menurunkan harga kedelai sebesar 0,14%, meningkatkan permintaan kedelai sebesar 0,03% dan produksi kedelai nasional sebesar 0,06%. (5) meningkatkan tariff impor sebesar 30% akan berdampak pada meningkatnya luas areal kedelai Jawa sebesar 0,91%, meningkatkan luas areal kedelai Jawa sebesar 1,38%, meningkatkan produktivitas kedelai Jawa sebesar 11,6%, meningkatkan produktivitas kedelai Luar Jawa sebesar 25,7%, menurunkan impor kedelai sebesar 9,15%, meningkatkan harga kedelai d omestik sebesar 0,27%, meningkatkan permintaan kedelai domestik sebesar 21,27% dan meningkatkan produksi nasional sebesar 0,48%.