Search

Your search keyword '"Herencia, J.F."' showing total 14 results
Start Over Author "Herencia, J.F."
14 results on '"Herencia, J.F."'

1. Chemical and biological indicators of soil quality in organic and conventional Japanese plum orchards

Author

Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Agronomía, Herencia, J.F., Pérez Romero, Luis Felipe, Daza, A., Arroyo, F.T., Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Agronomía, Herencia, J.F., Pérez Romero, Luis Felipe, Daza, A., and Arroyo, F.T.

Abstract

To evaluate the effect of the management system on soil quality, chemical and biological properties were measured in soils (0–20 cm depth) from Japanese plum orchards managed under organic and conventional con ditions. The experiment was conducted between 2005 and 2014 in orch ards established at the agricultural research station at Alcalá del Río, Seville, Spain. Overall, the soil chemical parameters in the organic orchard showed higher concentrations of soil organic matter, total N, available P and Mg. There was a trend of higher concentrations of K and Na, though for these elements the differences were significant only in two and one years, respectively. Similarly, concentrations of Mn and Zn tended to be higher in the organic plots, whereas contradictory trends were shown for Fe and Cu. No differences were found between the treatments for other physicochemical parameters such as pH and electrical conductivity. Regarding soil biological properties, the organic system was characterised with a significantly greater abundance of bacteria and fungi compared with the conventional system. The rhizobia population and the legume biomass were also higher in the organic orchard and the plants had more nodules. Likewise, the number of earthworms was higher in the organic system. The results showed that long-term organic management, includ ing the use of cover crops and compost, resulted in a significant shift of the chemical and biological characteristics of the soil compared with the conventional management practice, thus improving soil quality and sug gesting that organic farming may provide a potential solution to achieve sustainable agricultural systems.

Published
2020

2. Chemical and biological indicators of soil quality in organic and conventional Japanese plum orchards.

Author

Herencia, J.F., Pérez-Romero, L.F., Daza, A., and Arroyo, F.T.

Subjects
SOIL quality, BIOINDICATORS, INDICATORS & test-papers, ORCHARDS, ORGANIC farming
Abstract

To evaluate the effect of the management system on soil quality, chemical and biological properties were measured in soils (0–20 cm depth) from Japanese plum orchards managed under organic and conventional conditions. The experiment was conducted between 2005 and 2014 in orchards established at the agricultural research station at Alcalá del Río, Seville, Spain. Overall, the soil chemical parameters in the organic orchard showed higher concentrations of soil organic matter, total N, available P and Mg. There was a trend of higher concentrations of K and Na, though for these elements the differences were significant only in two and one years, respectively. Similarly, concentrations of Mn and Zn tended to be higher in the organic plots, whereas contradictory trends were shown for Fe and Cu. No differences were found between the treatments for other physicochemical parameters such as pH and electrical conductivity. Regarding soil biological properties, the organic system was characterised with a significantly greater abundance of bacteria and fungi compared with the conventional system. The rhizobia population and the legume biomass were also higher in the organic orchard and the plants had more nodules. Likewise, the number of earthworms was higher in the organic system. The results showed that long-term organic management, including the use of cover crops and compost, resulted in a significant shift of the chemical and biological characteristics of the soil compared with the conventional management practice, thus improving soil quality and suggesting that organic farming may provide a potential solution to achieve sustainable agricultural systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Carbohydrate and nitrogen reserves in two cultivars of Japanese plum grown under organic and conventional management

Author

Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Agronomía, Pérez Romero, Luis Felipe, Daza, A., Herencia, J.F., Arroyo, F.T., Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Agronomía, Pérez Romero, Luis Felipe, Daza, A., Herencia, J.F., and Arroyo, F.T.

Abstract

Nitrogen and carbohydrate (soluble sugars and starch) reserves were analysed in twig samples of ‘Red Beaut’ and ‘Showtime’ Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) cultivars cultivated in two similar experimental orchards under organic and conventional management. ‘Red Beaut’ is a vigorous cultivar while ‘Showtime’ is a middle to low vigorous cultivar. Both cultivars exhibited delayed flowering and premature defoliation under organic management. In general, there were no differences in the concentration of reserves between the two types of management for either of the two plum cultivars, and, likewise, no differences were observed between cultivars, regardless of their vigor. Additionally, reserves were also analysed in plantlets of ‘Mariana 2624’ rootstock (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh × Prunus munsoniana W. Wight & Hedrick) grown in a growth chamber that simulated conditions of spring and autumn periods and subjected to organic or mineral fertilisation. Plants subjected to organic fertilisation were smaller and defoliated earlier, but the sizes of carbohydrate and nitrogen reserves were similar to that of plants grown with mineral fertilisation.

Published
2017

4. Behaviour of different cultivars of organic farming plum in response to the rust disease

Author

Arroyo, F.T., Herencia, J.F., Santamaría, C., Castejón, M., and Daza, A.

Subjects
FRUTALES, Roya, PRODUCCION ECOLOGICA, Ciruelo japonés, Producción Ecológica y Recursos Naturales, 310300 AGRONOMIA, Enfermedades de las plantas, 310800 FITOPATOLOGIA
Abstract

Se recogen los resultados de los ensayos experimentales sobre la susceptibilidad de diferentes cultivares de ciruelo japonés a la enfermedad de la roya. La roya incidió de forma importante en la plantación ecológica, pues los tratamientos con productos autorizados, no han controlado la enfermedad. Los cultivares mas fueron `Showtime¿ o `Friar¿. Por el contrario, los cultivares más tolerantes a esta enfermedad fueron `Souvenir¿ y `Red Beaut¿.

Published
2012

5. Incidence of oidium disease in cultivars of japanese plum on ecological farming

Author

Arroyo, F.T., Herencia, J.F., and Daza, A.

Subjects
FRUTALES, PRODUCCION ECOLOGICA, Ciruelo japonés, Producción Ecológica y Recursos Naturales, Oidium, 310300 AGRONOMIA, Enfermedades de las plantas, 310800 FITOPATOLOGIA
Abstract

Se recogen los resultados de la incidencia de la enfermedad fúngica del oidio en diferentes cultivares de ciruelo ecológico. Esta enfermedad no supone habitualmente un problema grave salvo en condiciones favorables para el desarrollo del hongo. Solo la variedad `Red Beaut¿ puede considerarse que tiene un grado elevado de susceptibilidad a esta enfermedad. Diversos tratamientos y manejos preventivos ayudan a prevenir el desarrollo de la enfermedad. El uso de cultivares tolerantes como `Laetitia¿, `Blackamber¿, `Primetime¿ o `Souvenir¿ representa una estrategia de control adecuada para evitar la enfermedad.

Published
2012

6. Incidence of shot-hole disease in different cultivars of japanese plum on ecological farming

Author

Arroyo, F.T., Herencia, J.F., Santamaría, C., Castejón, M., and Daza, A.

Subjects
FRUTALES, PRODUCCION ECOLOGICA, Ciruelo japonés, Producción Ecológica y Recursos Naturales, 310300 AGRONOMIA, Enfermedades de las plantas, 310800 FITOPATOLOGIA
Abstract

Se recogen los resultados de la incidencia de la enfermedad fúngica del cribado o perdigonada en diferentes cultivares de ciruelo ecológico. Se ha comprobado que esta enfermedad no ha tenido especial relevancia en la plantación ecológica. La mayoría de los cultivares del ensayo han mostrado una susceptibilidad baja a la enfermedad; sólo `Santa Rosa¿ y `Larry Ann¿ manifiestan una susceptibilidad media

Published
2012

7. Growth, phenology and fruit set of Prunus armeniaca L. (cv. Ninfa) grafted on two rootstocks in organic and conventional management

Author

Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Agronomía, Pérez Romero, Luis Felipe, Arroyo, F.T., Santamaría, C., Herencia, J.F., Daza, A., Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Agronomía, Pérez Romero, Luis Felipe, Arroyo, F.T., Santamaría, C., Herencia, J.F., and Daza, A.

Abstract

Tree growth, flowering, yield and fruit quality of Prunus armeniaca L. cv. Ninfa grafted on peach cv. Nemaguard [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] and cv. Real Fino apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) as rootstocks were analysed in experimental orchard under organic and conventional management systems. The study was performed during 2012–2013 in the province of Seville (SW Spain). Cv. Nemaguard rootstock had larger cross-sectional areas of the trunk (TCSA), higher yields, began flowering earlier and lasted 2–4 days more. The organic management resulted in lower values of TCSA and yield, and flowering was delayed and shortened. Overall, cv. Nemaguard rootstock produced slightly larger fruit in size and heavier weight. In contrast, apricots from cv. Real Fino had slightly higher soluble solid concentration. Acidity and maturity index were similar, while colour and firmness showed high variability. In general, the organic system produced fruit with soluble solid concentration somewhat higher. In summary, in both types of management cv. Nemaguard worked better than cv. Real Fino in terms of tree vigour, fruit yield and bloom period.

Published
2014

8. Propiedades bioquímicas de dos suelos de diferente textura (franca y arcillosa) tras la adición de dos composts diferentes en el proceso de reconversión a la agricultura ecológica

Author

Melero, S., Madejón, E., Herencia, J.F., and Ruiz Porras, J.C.

Subjects
inorganic chemicals, SOILS AND FERTILIZATION, IRRIGATION AND WATERING, food and beverages, CULTIVOS, SUELO FRANCO, SUELO ARCILLOSO, MEJORA DE SUELOS, ENMIENDAS ORGANICAS, COMPOST, ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA, PROPIEDADES FISICO - QUIMICAS SUELO, FERTILIDAD DEL SUELO, ESPANA, CROPS, LOAM SOILS, CLAY SOILS, SOIL IMPROVEMENT, ORGANIC AMENDMENTS, COMPOSTS, ENZYME ACTIVITY, SOIL CHEMICOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES, SOIL FERTILITY, SPAIN, complex mixtures
Abstract

The conversion to organic farming of two soils, a loam (Xerofluvent) under irrigation and a clay (Chromic Haploxerept) under dryland management, was studied through analysis of their biochemical properties. Soil biological status was evaluated by measuring microbial biomass carbon and the ratio of enzymatic activity to microbial biomass. Results were compared to those after application of inorganic fertilizer. At the end of the study, in both soil types the organic treatments had increased the organic matter and nitrogen content compared with the inorganic treatment. Total organic carbon (TOC) values in the clay were higher than in the loam. This could be related to a lower mineralization rate of soil organic matter under dry land management and/or with a protection effect, by the clay on the organic fraction. However, absolute ratios of some enzymatic activities (dehydrogenase, protease and alkaline phosphatase) by microbial biomass carbon in the clay were lower than in the loam indicating a lower rate of enzyme production by microbial biomass in the clay. In the clay soil there was a great increase in TOC, total N, microbial biomass and enzymatic activity, in all treatments, in the last crop cycle. This was mainly related to a previous legume crop. Generally organic management improved biomass and enzymatic activity in both soils. In the future further studies are required to confirm the positive long-term effect of organic fertilization on biochemical properties which maintain or improve soil quality., En este trabajo se aborda el estudio de la reconversión a la agricultura ecológica en dos suelos de diferente textura y régimen hídrico, un suelo franco (Xerofluvent) en regadío y un suelo arcilloso (Chromic Haploxerept) en secano. Se compara el manejo ecológico del suelo con respecto a un manejo convencional, desde el punto de vista biológico. Se evaluó el estado biológico del suelo a través del carbono de la biomasa microbiana y el cociente entre las actividades enzimáticas por biomasa microbiana. Se observó un incremento en el contenido de materia orgánica y nitrógeno en los suelos fertilizados orgánicamente de ambos experimentos de reconversión. No obstante, los valores más altos de los contenidos de carbono orgánico total se encontraron en el suelo arcilloso. Estos resultados pueden estar relacionados con la menor tasa de mineralización debido a baja humedad de este suelo y/o al mayor contenido en arcilla que tiene un efecto protector en la fracción orgánica. Las razones de las actividades enzimáticas (deshidrogenasa, proteasa y fosfatasa alcalina) por biomasa microbiana en el suelo arcilloso fueron más bajas que en el suelo franco, reflejando una menor síntesis de enzimas por los microorganismos en el suelo arcilloso. En el último ciclo de cultivo del experimento de reconversión en secano se observó un importante incremento del contenido en carbono orgánico total, nitrógeno total, biomasa microbiana y actividades enzimáticas, lo cual se atribuye al cultivo anterior (una leguminosa). Por lo tanto, serían necesarios estudios a más largo plazo para confirmar una mejora de las propiedades bioquímicas bajo manejo orgánico.

Published
2007

12. Enzymatic activities under different cover crop management in a Mediterranean olive orchard.

Author

Herencia, J.F.

Subjects
COVER crops, OLIVE oil, CROP management, SOIL enzymology, SOIL management
Abstract

The aim of the present work was to determine the long-term effects of cover crops on organic carbon and soil enzyme activities at three different soil depths in a Mediterranean olive orchard in south-east Spain. The management practices assayed were (1) sowing of an annual cover of vetch, crushing it at blooming and leaving the debris on the soil surface, (2) the same but mixing the debris into the soil by chisel ploughing and (3) ripping of annual weed cover and mixing it into the soil by chisel ploughing. For comparisons, adjacent plots under integrated production management that received mouldboard ploughing and disk harrowing were included. The cover crop treatments showed higher values than did the integrated treatment for organic carbon and all enzymatic activities in the superficial layer (0–5 cm), and the highest values were found under annual cover treatment leaving the debris on the soil surface. All treatments showed a clear gradient in the organic carbon and enzyme activities with depth. There was no significant difference in the organic carbon and ß-glucosidase at the intermediate layer (5–10 cm). At the deepest layer evaluated (10–20 cm), only dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase were higher for the cover treatments. This study revealed that the use of cover crops could be the best option when organic olive orchards are managed on slopes in a Mediterranean climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results