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1. Coupled nonlinear cavities: new avenues to ultrashort pulses

Author: Herbert Welling, G Steinmeyer, and F Mitschke
Subjects: Physics, business.industry, Physics::Optics, Laser science, Laser, law.invention, Optical nonlinearity, Nonlinear system, Resonator, Optics, Mode-locking, law, Optical cavity, A fibers, business
Abstract: Much of science consists of exploring the very big and the very small, be it in space or in time. This chapter describes how a new method for the production of ultrashort pulses of light emerged recently. This technique utilizes optical nonlinearity in a resonator coupled to the laser resonator for enhancement of mode locking. The chapter concentrates on a relatively recent method to produce ultrashort pulses that relies on optical nonlinearity, typically provided by a fiber, incorporated into the laser feedback. It outlines the historical development of this method and present recent results, including some from our lab. Nonlinearity is a leitmotiv of laser physics, and it is not a new idea to shape pulses by nonlinear techniques.
Published: 2021
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2. The GEO-HF project

Author: C. A. Cantley, C. Robinson, Benjamin William Allen, Karsten Danzmann, L. Ribichini, Boris Hage, Gerhard Heinzel, Benno Willke, T. Regimbau, B. Barr, A. Grant, S. H. Huttner, S. Babak, Roland Schilling, R. Balasubramanian, Manuel Luna, Yousuke Itoh, C. Aulbert, U. Weiland, Roman Schnabel, D. Churches, V. Re, C. Messenger, Soumya D. Mohanty, Martin Hewitson, Ik Siong Heng, Richard J. K. Taylor, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, Gianpietro Cagnoli, J. R. Smith, R. J. Dupuis, Ian Taylor, Badri Krishnan, C. N. Colacino, M. Malec, Kenneth A. Strain, R. A. Mercer, Karsten Kötter, Yi Chen, Frank Seifert, T. Meier, G. Newton, Alberto Vecchio, Carsten Fallnich, Stefan Hild, Peter Aufmuth, A. Hepstonstall, S. Berukoff, I. Gholami, Walter Winkler, Harald Lück, M. V. Plissi, D. I. Robertson, Hartmut Grote, Henning Vahlbruch, P. Ajith, A. Bunkowski, Stefan Goßler, S. Grunewald, Linqing Wen, Herbert Welling, Alexander Franzen, Graham Woan, Stuart Reid, Thomas Cokelaer, Joseph D. Romano, H. Rehbein, Bernard F. Schutz, Kasem Mossavi, Soma Mukherjee, Jan Harms, P. G. Murray, Andreas Freise, J. H. Hough, Matthew Pitkin, Michael Perreur-Lloyd, P. Kwee, A. M. Sintes, Andre Thüring, E. J. Elliffe, N. A. Robertson, Gareth Jones, B. Machenschalk, R. Zhu, Carlo Ungarelli, Sheila Rowan, Simon Chelkowski, Curt Cutler, H. Ward, John Veitch, Reinhard Prix, Peter H. Sneddon, P. Williams, Roger Jones, Maria Alessandra Papa, Albrecht Rüdiger, David Crooks, Morag M. Casey, and M. Heurs
Subjects: Physics, Upgrade, Gravitational-wave observatory, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Work (electrical), Emerging technologies, Scale (chemistry), SIGNAL (programming language), Detector, Systems engineering, LIGO
Abstract: The GEO 600 gravitational wave detector uses advanced technologies including signal recycling and monolithic fused-silica suspensions to achieve a sensitivity close to the kilometre scale LIGO and VIRGO detectors. As soon as the design sensitivity of GEO 600 is reached, the detector will be operated as part of the worldwide network to acquire data of scientific interest. The limited infrastructure at the GEO site does not allow for a major upgrade of the detector. Hence the GEO collaboration decided to improve the sensitivity of the GEO detector by small sequential upgrades some of which will be tested in prototypes first. The development, test and installation of these upgrades are named 'The GEO-HF Project.' This paper describes the upgrades considered in the GEO-HF project as well as their scientific reasons. We will describe the changes in the GEO 600 infrastructure and the prototype work that is planned to support these upgrades. Finally, we will point to some laboratory research that identifies new technologies or optical configurations that might undergo a transition into detector subsystems within the GEO-HF project.
Published: 2006
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3. Status of the GEO600 detector

Author: S. J. Berukoff, S. H. Huttner, B. Barr, P. G. Murray, Roland Schilling, Peter Aufmuth, T. Meier, Reinhard Prix, G. Newton, Roman Schnabel, J. H. Hough, Gerhard Heinzel, Alberto Vecchio, Sheila Rowan, Benno Willke, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, H. Ward, Graham Woan, Stuart Reid, D. Churches, J. R. Smith, Maria Alessandra Papa, A. Hepstonstall, Curt Cutler, Ian Taylor, Jan Harms, D. I. Robertson, Bernard F. Schutz, Morag M. Casey, M. Heurs, Albrecht Rüdiger, N. A. Robertson, A. Bunkowski, R. Zhu, A. Thüring, F. Seifert, Thomas Cokelaer, John Veitch, C. A. Cantley, Karsten Kötter, C. Robinson, Gareth Jones, Stefan Goßler, B. Machenschalk, Benjamin William Allen, Karsten Danzmann, Carlo Ungarelli, Peter H. Sneddon, R. Balasubramanian, M. V. Plissi, Carsten Fallnich, Stefan Hild, Stanislav Babak, Soma Mukherjee, V. Re, A. M. Sintes, Herbert Welling, S. Grunewald, Roger Jones, Simon Chelkowski, Hartmut Grote, A. Franzen, C. Messenger, L. Ribichini, U. Weiland, H. Rehbein, Andreas Freise, H. Vahlbruch, Walter Winkler, Harald Lück, Matthew Pitkin, Michael Perreur-Lloyd, Kenneth A. Strain, R. A. Mercer, P. R. Williams, P. Ajith, David Crooks, Yousuke Itoh, Ik Siong Heng, I. Gholami, R. J. Dupuis, Richard J. K. Taylor, Gianpietro Cagnoli, Martin Hewitson, A. Grant, E. J. Elliffe, T. Regimbau, Soumya D. Mohanty, Boris Hage, Linqing Wen, Joseph D. Romano, Kasem Mossavi, C. N. Colacino, M. Malec, Yi Chen, Manuel Luna, Badri Krishnan, P. Kwee, and C. Aulbert
Subjects: Physics, Optics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), business.industry, Duty cycle, Detector, business, GEO600, Sensitivity (electronics)
Abstract: Of all the large interferometric gravitational-wave detectors, the German/British project GEO600 is the only one which uses dual recycling. During the four weeks of the international S4 data-taking run it reached an instrumental duty cycle of 97% with a peak sensitivity of 7 × 10-22 Hz-1/2 at 1 kHz. This paper describes the status during S4 and improvements thereafter.
Published: 2006
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4. Laser light sources for space-based gravitational wave detectors

Author: P. Rottengatter, A. Tünnermann, I. Freitag, and Herbert Welling
Subjects: Laser ultrasonics, Physics, Atmospheric Science, business.industry, Relative intensity noise, Physics::Optics, Aerospace Engineering, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Ring laser, Laser, law.invention, Injection locking, Resonator, Geophysics, Optics, Space and Planetary Science, law, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Optoelectronics, Physics::Atomic Physics, Laser power scaling, business, Noise (radio)
Abstract: This contribution summarizes recent progress in the development of diode-pumped Nd:YAG lasers suited for applications in laser-based metrology. Applying an unstable resonator design to a monolithic ring laser, 2 W single-frequency output power in a diffraction-limited beam is generated. Injection locking was used to increase the available power even further. Finally, techniques to improve the free-running lasers intensity and frequency stability are demonstrated. Low intensity noise is accomplished by application of an electronic feedback loop. Low frequency noise is achieved by stabilization onto a hyperfine transition of molecular iodine.
Published: 2003
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5. A report on the status of the GEO 600 gravitational wave detector

Author: Sheila Rowan, Alberto Vecchio, H. Ward, B. Barr, Roland Schilling, A. Hepstonstall, Gerhard Heinzel, Benno Willke, L. Ribichini, Karsten Kötter, Oliver Jennrich, Graham Woan, Kasem Mossavi, Stuart Reid, Soumya D. Mohanty, Carsten Fallnich, Bernard F. Schutz, Gianpietro Cagnoli, P. Williams, Roman Schnabel, N. A. Robertson, C. N. Colacino, Andreas Freise, Matthew Pitkin, Michael Perreur-Lloyd, M. Malec, Martin Hewitson, Curt Cutler, D. Churches, M. V. Plissi, I. Zawischa, E. J. Elliffe, Badri Krishnan, Hartmut Grote, C. I. Torrie, Jan Harms, Peter H. Sneddon, S. Hutter, B. Machenschalk, Soma Mukherjee, Roger Jones, Frank Seifert, C. A. Cantley, K. Kawabe, Karsten Danzmann, Stanislav B. Babak, D. I. Robertson, J. H. Hough, Simon Chelkowski, Morag M. Casey, M. Heurs, R. Davies, R. J. Dupuis, Ian Taylor, Walter Winkler, Harald Lück, Maria Alessandra Papa, A. Grant, David Crooks, Albrecht Rüdiger, Stefan Goßler, Christian J. Killow, Herbert Welling, Yousuke Itoh, S. Grunewald, Shigeo Nagano, S. Berukoff, U. Weiland, G. P. Newton, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, J. R. Smith, R. Balasubramanian, C. Aulbert, V. Leonhardt, Peter Aufmuth, Kenneth A. Strain, S. Heng, and A. M. Sintes
Subjects: Physics, Gravitational-wave observatory, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Detector, Pendulum, LIGO, Optics, Coincident, Interferometric gravitational wave detector, Sensitivity (control systems), Focus (optics), business
Abstract: GEO 600 is an interferometric gravitational wave detector with 600 m arms, which will employ a novel, dual-recycled optical scheme allowing its optical response to be tuned over a range of frequencies (from ~100 Hz to a few kHz). Additional advanced technologies, such as multiple pendulum suspensions with monolithic bottom stages, make the anticipated sensitivity of GEO 600 comparable to initial detectors with kilometre arm lengths. This paper discusses briefly the design of GEO, reports on the status of the detector up to the end of 2002 with particular focus on participation in coincident engineering and science runs with LIGO detectors. The plans leading to a fully optimized detector and participation in future coincident science runs are briefly outlined.
Published: 2003
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6. Intrastromal refractive surgery with ultrashort laser pulses: in vivo study on the rabbit eye

Author: Holger Lubatschowski, Wolfgang Ertmer, Wolfgang Drommer, Omid Kermani, Thanongsak Mamom, Herbert Welling, and Alexander Heisterkamp
Subjects: Materials science, Corneal Stroma, medicine.medical_treatment, Keratomileusis, Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures, Eye, Surgical Flaps, law.invention, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Ultrashort laser, Optics, law, Microkeratome, Refractive surgery, Cornea, medicine, Animals, Wound Healing, Excimer laser, business.industry, LASIK, Laser, eye diseases, Sensory Systems, Refractive Surgical Procedures, Ophthalmology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Laser Therapy, Rabbits, business, Biomedical engineering
Abstract: Femtosecond (fs) laser pulses may offer new possibilities in the field of refractive surgery, especially when using the laser as a microkeratome. By induction of nonlinear absorption processes the laser can be used to perform intrastromal cuts. The conventional microkeratome, associated with numerous potential side effects, can possibly be replaced. Furthermore, refractive lenticules can be prepared within the stroma and removed in a single-step operation. In 10 rabbits, cuts were made to create both a lamellar flap and an intrastromal refractive lenticule. The flap was lifted, the lenticule was extracted and, finally, the flap was repositioned (intrastromal laser keratomileusis, ILK). The corneal samples were collected up to 120 days after treatment and processed for histopathological analysis. All flaps could be opened and prepared lenticules could be extracted in one piece by the surgeon. The treated corneas developed a mild wound healing reaction, comparable to that known from excimer laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) studies. The wound healing was restricted to the flap–stroma interface, most pronounced at the periphery of the flaps. The use of the fs-laser offers new possibilities in preparation of corneal flaps, possibly providing advantages over conventional microkeratomes. Furthermore, the fs-laser has the potential to create intrastromal refractive lenticules for complete refractive procedures (ILK).
Published: 2003
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7. Nonlinear side effects of fs pulses inside corneal tissue during photodisruption

Author: Wolfgang Drommer, T. Ripken, Thanongsak Mamom, Holger Lubatschowski, Herbert Welling, Alexander Heisterkamp, and Wolfgang Ertmer
Subjects: Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Photodisruption, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, General Engineering, Streak, General Physics and Astronomy, Pulse duration, Self-focusing, Radiation, Laser, law.invention, medicine.anatomical_structure, Optics, law, Cornea, Refractive surgery, medicine, business
Abstract: In order to evaluate the potential for refractive surgery, fs laser pulses of 150-fs pulse duration were used to process corneal tissue of dead and living animal eyes. By focusing the laser radiation down to spot sizes of several microns, very precise cuts could be achieved inside the treated cornea, accompanied with minimum collateral damage to the tissue by thermal or mechanical effects. During histo-pathological analysis by light and transmission electron microscopy considerable side effects of fs photodisruption were found. Due to the high intensities at the focal region several nonlinear effects occurred. Self-focusing, photodissociation, UV-light production were observed, leading to streak formation inside the cornea.
Published: 2002
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8. Intrastromal Refractive Surgery Using Ultrashort Laser Pulses

Author: Holger Lubatschowski, Herbert Welling, Alexander Heisterkamp, Omid Kermani, Wolfgang Drommer, and Wolfgang Ertmer
Subjects: Femtosecond pulse shaping, Materials science, Photodisruption, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, LASIK, Dermatology, Laser, law.invention, X-ray laser, Optics, law, Refractive surgery, Sapphire, medicine, Surgery, Irradiation, business
Abstract: Summary By generating micro-plasma inside the corneal stroma of the eye with fs pulses, it is possible to achieve an extremely precise cutting effect. With a titanium sapphire fs laser system, the cutting effect on corneal tissue was investigated in vitro and in vivo with pulse energies, ranging from 800 nJ to 4 μJ. The irradiated samples were examined by light and electron microscopy. The range of thermal and mechanical damage of the adjacent tissue generated by fs-photodisruption is comparable with the tissue alterations seen with ArF excimer laser ablation. As a result, fs photodisruption has the potential to become an attractive tool for intrastromal refractive surgery.
Published: 2002
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9. Dorfmüller, Hering, Stierstadt: Bergmann/Schaefer: Lehrbuch der Experimentalphysik Band 1: Mechanik, Relativität, Wärme/Raith: Band 2: Elektromagnetismus/Haken, Wolf: Atom- und Quantenphysik. Einführung in die experimentellen und theoretischen Grundlagen

Author: Herbert Welling, Clemens Bechinger, Michael Kalvius, Wolfgang Demtröder, Filip Floegel, Helmut Rechenberg, Walter Greiner, Albrecht Wagner, Wolfgang Bürger, Marcus Müller, Claus Kiefer, and Werner Eisner
Published: 2001
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10. High-power tunable narrow line width ytterbium-doped double-clad fiber laser

Author: Herbert Welling, Dieter Wandt, Carsten Fallnich, Sonja Unger, and M. Auerbach
Subjects: Ytterbium, Distributed feedback laser, Materials science, business.industry, chemistry.chemical_element, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Optics, Double-clad fiber, chemistry, law, Fiber laser, Dispersion-shifted fiber, Fiber, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, business, Tunable laser
Abstract: A widely tunable and highly efficient fiber laser device based on a ytterbium-doped double-clad fiber with high output power up to 1.6 W is demonstrated. By using an external cavity in Littrow–Littman configuration the laser wavelength was tunable over a range of 15.7 THz from 1040 to 1100 nm and a spectral line width of 0.6 GHz over the whole tuning range was achieved.
Published: 2001
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11. Optimierung der Laserparameter für die intrastromale Schnittführung mittels ultrakurzer Laserpulse

Author: Holger Lubatschowski, Alexander Heisterkamp, T. Ripken, Wolfgang Ertmer, Herbert Welling, Lütkefels E, and Wolfgang Drommer
Subjects: Physics, Gynecology, Pulsed laser, Ophthalmology, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine
Abstract: Hintergrund. Mithilfe ultrakurzer Laserpulse lassen sich intrastromal auserst prazise Schnitte mit Schnittbreiten von wenigen Mikrometern erzeugen. Der Vorteil von fs-Pulsen gegenuber langeren Pulsen liegt darin, dass die benotigten Energien betrachtlich geringer sind und somit auch die thermischen und mechanischen Nebeneffekte sowie die Strahlenbelastung der Retina deutlich schwacher in Erscheinung treten. Methode. Mit einem Titan-Saphir-Lasersystem wurde die Schneidwirkung von fs-Laserpulsen bei 780 nm Wellenlange und 200 fs Pulsdauer an Hornhautstroma untersucht. Durch licht- und elektronenmikroskopische Analyse der bestrahlten Proben wurden Schnittqualitat und Reproduzierbarkeit sowie erreichbare Genauigkeiten ermittelt. Das Ausmas der mechanischen Belastung des umliegenden Gewebes durch fs-Photodisruption konnte durch Auswertung von Druckmessungen mittels geeigneter Druckaufnehmer und Schattenfotografien abgeschatzt werden. Schlussfolgerung. Das thermische und mechanische Schadigungspotenzial der fs-Laser-Keratomileusis ist vergleichbar mit dem bei Einsatz eines Excimerlasers und lasst daher dieses Verfahren als sehr geeignet fur die Behandlung von Fehlsichtigkeiten erscheinen.
Published: 2001
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12. Optoakustische Gewebsdifferenzierung zur Optimierung von Laserzyklophotokoagulation

Author: Uwe Oberheide, A. Büsching, Herbert Welling, Holger Lubatschowski, Wolfgang Ertmer, and I.A. Bruder
Subjects: Materials science, Laser, Pressure sensor, Signal, law.invention, Ophthalmology, Ciliary muscle, Ciliary body, medicine.anatomical_structure, law, Corneoscleral Limbus, Pulsed laser radiation, medicine, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Biomedical engineering
Abstract: BACKGROUND Considerable problems occur in transscleral laser cyclophotocoagulation concerning energy dosage. We investigated the feasibility of localizing the ciliary body by the detection of thermoelastic pressure transients and of supervising on-line the degree of tissue damage during treatment. METHOD We used a specially designed handpiece to apply short pulsed laser radiation with low energy levels to enucleated bulbs of rabbits. With an adjusted pressure transducer we examined acoustical transients generated in the area of absorption of the ciliary muscle or the pigmented epithelial layer and measured axial resolution of the method at various distances to the corneoscleral limbus. RESULTS We detected acoustic transients that allowed rough localization of the target area. A marked change in signal was recorded with increasing level of ciliary destruction. CONCLUSION This procedure can serve as an essential tool in the on-line supervision of the coagulation process. The laser parameters can thus be adjusted optimally to the progress of the treatment.
Published: 2001
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13. Microstructuring with Femtosecond Lasers

Author: Thile Wagner, G. Kamlage, Thorsten Bauer, Frank Korte, Herbert Welling, Carsten Fallnich, Andreas Ostendorf, and Stefan Nolte
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, Ablation, Microstructure, law.invention, Surface micromachining, Optics, Machining, law, Femtosecond, medicine, Optoelectronics, General Materials Science, business, Ultrashort pulse, Ultrashort pulse laser
Abstract: Using ultrashort laser pluses can cause the ablation of nearly all kinds of materials, leading to very precise machining results with minimal damage. This includes even the machining of delicate materials with high heat conductivities or comparatively low melting temperatures, such as metals, as well as optical transparent and organic materials. The best results are obtained using pulses with sub-picosecond duration. This report summarizes recent progress in ultrashort pulse laser machining. Several promising applications in microstructuring, nanotechnology and medicine are highlighted.
Published: 2000
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14. Application of ultrashort laser pulses for intrastromal refractive surgery

Author: Wolfgang Drommer, Herbert Welling, Alexander Heisterkamp, Udo Hetzel, Wolfgang Ertmer, Holger Lubatschowski, and Gero Maatz
Subjects: Materials science, genetic structures, Photodisruption, Swine, Corneal Stroma, medicine.medical_treatment, Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures, In Vitro Techniques, law.invention, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Optics, law, Refractive surgery, medicine, Animals, business.industry, Nanosecond, Refractive Errors, Laser, Sensory Systems, Refractive Surgical Procedures, Ophthalmology, Orders of magnitude (time), Picosecond, Femtosecond, Laser Therapy, sense organs, business, Ultrashort pulse
Abstract: · Background: Recently, laser systems have become available which generate ultrashort laser pulses with a duration of 100–200 femtoseconds (fs). By generating micro-plasmas inside the corneal stroma with fs pulses, it is possible to achieve a cutting effect inside the tissue while leaving the anterior layers intact. The energy threshold to generate a micro-plasma with fs pulses is some orders of magnitude lower than it is for picosecond or nanosecond pulses. This results in a strong reduction of the thermal and mechanical damage of the surrounding tissue. · Methods: With a titanium:sapphire fs laser system, the cutting effect on corneal tissue from freshly enucleated porcine eye globes was investigated with different pulse energies. The irradiated samples were examined by light and electron microscopy. The laser-induced pressure transients and the laser-induced bubble formation were analysed with a broadband acoustic transducer and by flash photography. · Results: With fs laser pulses, the extent of thermal and mechanical damage of the adjacent tissue is in the order of 1 µm or below and therefore comparable with the tissue alterations after ArF excimer laser ablation. Using pulse energies of approximately 1–2 µJ and a spot diameter of 5–10 µm, intrastromal cuts can be performed very precisely in order to prepare corneal flaps and lenticules. · Conclusion: Femtosecond photodisruption has the potential to become an attractive tool for intrastromal refractive surgery.
Published: 2000
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15. LISA interferometer sensitivity to spacecraft motion

Author: Michael Peterseim, Peter L. Bender, Herbert Welling, D. I. Robertson, and Karsten Danzmann
Subjects: Physics, Atmospheric Science, Spacecraft, business.industry, Gravitational wave, Noise (signal processing), Phase (waves), Aerospace Engineering, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Signal, Photodiode, law.invention, Interferometry, Geophysics, Data acquisition, Optics, Space and Planetary Science, law, Physics::Space Physics, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, business
Abstract: A study has been performed to assess the sensitivity of the LISA interferometer to motion of the spacecraft (S/C) with respect to the proof mass. The results are presented as a functions of arm length and Fourier frequency. In addition different optical arrangements have been analysed and their effects on the cancellation of the spacecraft motion is discussed. 0 2000 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. ANALYSIS OF INTERFEROMETER RESPONSE TO S/C MOTION The approach used in this study, starting with the optical arrangement of the current LISA baseline as outlined by Danzmann et al. (1997 and 1998), was to calculate the phase information detected with the individual photodiodes mounted onto the different optical benches. Methods were defined to extract the gravitational wave signal contained in this phase information by removing laser phase noise as well as noise due to the S/C motion. In this section the phase information recorded on the photodiodes is described. The following sections deal with the different data acquisition and data analysis methods, including signal extraction algorithms and possible modifications to the current optical arrangement.
Published: 2000
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16. Far-field and near-field material processing with. femtosecond laser pulses

Author: Thorsten Bauer, Frank Korte, G. Kamlage, T. Wagner, Boris N. Chichkov, Stefan Nolte, Herbert Welling, and Carsten Fallnich
Subjects: Diffraction, Materials processing, Materials science, business.industry, Physics::Optics, Near and far field, General Chemistry, Laser, law.invention, Optics, law, Femtosecond, Thermal, General Materials Science, business, Computer Science::Databases
Abstract: Recently, it has been proven that femtosecond lasers are ideal tools for the microstructuring of solid targets. Since thermal and mechanical influences are minimized, diffraction-limited structures can be generated in the far field. The diffraction limit can be overcome when one works in the near field. In this paper, concrete applications and new developments in both regimes are highlighted.
Published: 1999
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17. Robert-Wichard-Pohl-Preis: Der Gravitationswellendetektor GEO 600: Das hochempfindliche Michelson-Interferometer GEO 600 basiert auf modernster Lasertechnologie - im Jahr 2000 soll es die ersten Signale empfangen

Author: Herbert Welling and I. Zawischa
Abstract: Gravitationswellen werden durch beschleunigte Massen im Universum erzeugt. Wenn wir erst in der Lage sind, sie zu empfangen, werden sie uns Unbekanntes uber Supernova-Implosionen, den Aufbau von Neutronensternen und uber Doppelsternsysteme berichten. Weltweit stehen mehrere Forscherteams kurz vor der Inbetriebnahme hochempfindlicher Gravitationswellendetektoren. Einer dieser Detektoren ist das deutsch-britische Michelson-Interferometer GEO 600, welches sudlich von Hannover durch Forscher des Max-Planck-Instituts fur Quantenoptik und der Universitat Hannover in Zusammenarbeit mit den Universitaten Glasgow und Cardiff, dem Albert-Einstein-Institut Potsdam und dem Laser Zentrum Hannover erstellt wird (Abb. 1, [1]). Die geringe Grose der erwarteten Signale erfordert eine extrem hohe Empfindlichkeit. GEO 600 soll bei einer Armlange von je zweimal 600 m nur durch die grundlegenden physikalischen Grenzen der Interferometrie limitiert sein. Um dieses zu erreichen, mussen hochste Anforderungen an die Konstruktion des Interferometers und des Lasers, dessen Licht darin zur Interferenz gebracht wird, erfullt werden.
Published: 1999
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18. Mikrostrukturierung mit ultrakurzen Laserpulsen

Author: Herbert Welling, Boris N. Chichkov, Carsten Momma, and Stefan Nolte
Abstract: Ultrakurze Laserpulse ermoglichen fur nahezu alle Materialien eine extrem feine Mikrostrukturierung, gekennzeichnet durch sehr hohe Reproduzierbarkeit sowie minimale thermische und mechanische Schadigung. Wahrend die Genauigkeit der mit dieser Technik im Fernfeld erzielbaren Strukturen nur durch das Beugungslimit begrenzt ist, erlaubt die Bearbeitung im Nahfeld, sogar noch kleinere Strukturen zu erzeugen.
Published: 1999
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19. Polarization effects in ultrashort-pulse laser drilling

Author: Andreas Ostendorf, Carsten Momma, Stefan Nolte, G. Kamlage, F. von Alvensleben, Herbert Welling, and Carsten Fallnich
Subjects: Trepanning, Materials science, business.industry, Far-infrared laser, Laser beam machining, General Chemistry, Radiation, Laser, Polarization (waves), law.invention, Optics, law, General Materials Science, business, Laser drilling, Ultrashort pulse laser
Abstract: A strong influence of the polarization of the laser radiation on the geometry of laser-machined microdrillings has been observed for ultrashort pulses. For drillings with a certain aspect ratio, reflections at the hole walls take place, leading to a non-uniform intensity distribution deep inside the formed hole. Experimental and theoretical results on this subject are discussed. It is shown that a rotation of the polarization during the drilling process (“polarization trepanning”) significantly improves the quality of the produced holes.
Published: 1999
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20. Directional achromatic heterodyne fiber laser Doppler anemometer

Author: J. Czarske, Herbert Welling, and Holger Zellmer
Subjects: Heterodyne, Materials science, business.industry, Physics::Optics, Laser Doppler velocimetry, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Optics, Achromatic lens, law, Fiber laser, Acousto-optic modulator, Physics::Atomic Physics, Heterodyne detection, Diffractive beam splitter, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, business
Abstract: The application of diode-pumped double-clad Nd:glass fiber lasers with high fundamental mode power for laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) will be presented. An acousto-optic modulator (AOM) is used as a diffractive beam splitter, so that the LDA calibration constant is wavelength independent, i.e., achromatic. Hence, broadband emitting powerful fiber lasers can also be employed. The directional discrimination of the LDA velocity measurement was achieved using the heterodyne technique with the frequency shift of the AOM element.
Published: 1999
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21. Electro-optical frequency modulation of an external-cavity diode laser

Author: M. Laschek, Dieter Wandt, Andreas Tünnermann, and Herbert Welling
Subjects: Distributed feedback laser, Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy, Materials science, business.industry, Electro-optic modulator, Optical modulation amplitude, Injection seeder, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Longitudinal mode, Optics, Mode-locking, law, Optoelectronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, business
Abstract: We report on a high frequency modulation of an external cavity diode laser near 780 nm. Employing a LiTaO3 crystal as an electro-optical modulator, frequency modulation of the laser emission up to 20 kHz with modulation depths of 1.5 GHz has been achieved. In addition, the laser is tunable in a stable single longitudinal mode across 20 nm.
Published: 1998
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22. Continuously tunable 0.5 W single-frequency diode laser source

Author: M. Laschek, Andreas Tünnermann, Dieter Wandt, Ferdinand von Alvensleben, and Herbert Welling
Subjects: Optical amplifier, Range (particle radiation), Materials science, business.industry, Infrared, Amplifier, Radiation, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Power (physics), Semiconductor laser theory, Optics, Optoelectronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, business, Diode
Abstract: We report on the generation of continuously tunable high power radiation near 780 nm by using a travelling wave GaAs/GaAlAs amplifier with a laterally tapered gain region seeded by a low power external cavity diode laser. Stable single frequency operation and a tuning range of 20 nm without mode hops between 771 nm and 791 nm has been achieved. For an input power of 2.4 mW, a cw output of almost 0.5 W at 782 nm was obtained.
Published: 1998
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23. Hydrodynamic regimes of UV laser ablation of polymers

Author: F. von Alvensleben, Yuri V. Afanasiev, Boris N. Chichkov, Irina N. Zavestovskaya, Vladimir A. Isakov, and Herbert Welling
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, Phase transition, Isentropic process, medicine.medical_treatment, Evaporation, Analytical chemistry, General Chemistry, Polymer, Radiation, Ablation, Laser, Molecular physics, law.invention, Plume, chemistry, law, medicine, General Materials Science, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract: The applicability of hydrodynamic models for the theoretical description of UV laser ablation of polymers is studied. The plume formation is considered as a first-order like phase transition. This phase transition occurs for strongly absorbing polymers as a surface evaporation and for weakly absorbing polymers as a bulk evaporation. The vapor plume is assumed to be transparent to laser radiation, and its expansion is described by the isoentropic hydrodynamic equations. New analytical expressions for ablation (etch) depths per pulse are obtained, which are in good agreement with the available experimental data. A stationary model for the absorbing plume is constructed.
Published: 1997
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24. Prinzip und Wirkungsweise eines ArF-Excimerlasersystems mit scannender und rotierender Schlitzblende

Author: Omid Kermani, Holger Lubatschowski, and Herbert Welling
Subjects: Materials science, Excimer laser, business.industry, Aperture, medicine.medical_treatment, Laser, Ablation, Excimer, Slit, Photorefractive keratectomy, law.invention, Ophthalmology, Optics, law, medicine, business, Beam (structure)
Abstract: This study was designed to investigate the quality of a scanning and rotating slit delivery system of an ArF-Excimer laser (Nidek EC 5000). The ablation patterns on PMMA samples were examined by REM. The influence of inhomogeneities in the beam profile was simulated on a computer and compared with a conventional large-area ablation system. The impairment of the ablation rate by radiation absorption of the ablation plume was measured as a function of the repetition rate and the application of a fixation ring. The scanning and rotating slit delivery system creates extremely smooth ablation patterns. The delivery system is very tolerant of small-beam inhomogeneities. The ablation rate is very sensitive to the dynamics of the ablation plume. Although the operating procedure takes less time with a large-area ablation system, a scanning and rotating delivery system has the advantage of reliable and homogeneous removal of corneal tissue.
Published: 1997
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25. Rapid communication Novel high-power laser Doppler anemometer using a diode-pumped fiber laser

Author: H. Müller, Herbert Welling, Andreas Tünnermann, J. Czarske, and Holger Zellmer
Subjects: Quantum optics, Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), business.industry, General Engineering, Physics::Optics, General Physics and Astronomy, Laser Doppler velocimetry, Transverse mode, Optics, Anemometer, Fiber laser, Physics::Atomic Physics, Laser scanning vibrometry, business, Laser Doppler vibrometer, Diode
Abstract: We present for the first time the application of a diode-pumped double-clad fiber laser in laser Doppler anemometry. The use of fiber lasers with a fundamental transverse mode power of multiple Watts enables the realization of powerful laser Doppler anemometers with a high portability.
Published: 1996
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26. Faserlaser: Neuartige Laserstrahlquellen mit Emissionen im sichtbaren Spektralbereich

Author: A. Tünnermann, Herbert Welling, and H. Zellmer
Abstract: Seit uber 35 Jahren wird intensiv auf dem Gebiet der Laserentwicklung gearbeitet. Doch noch immer fehlen im sichtbaren Spektralbereich effiziente, leistungstarke, kontinuierliche Laserquellen hoher Strahlqualitat, wie man sie heute fur eine Vielzahl von wissenschaftlichen und kommerziellen Anwendungen benotigt. Hervorzuheben sind insbesondere Anwendungen in der Biologie, der Medizin, der Metrologie und der Spektroskopie, aber auch in der Druck- und Projektionstechnik. Der Markt fur derartige Lasersysteme wird derzeit auf etwa 100 Millionen US$ jahrlich geschatzt [1]. In der Konsequenz gehort heute die Entwicklung kompakter, leistungsstarker Laser-systeme mit Emissionen im sichtbaren Spektralbereich zu den aktivsten Forschungsgebieten auf dem Sektor der modernen, angewandten Quantenoptik. Der folgende Beitrag gibt einen Uberblick uber Konzepte zur Erzeugung von Laserstrahlung im roten, grunen und blauen Spektralbereich und konzentriert sich auf neuartige Faserlaser, die fur den sichtbaren Bereich interessante Perspektiven eroffnen.
Published: 1996
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27. Short-pulse high-intensity excimer lasers - A powerful tool for the generation of coherent VUV and XUV radiation

Author: Herbert Welling, Andre Egbert, B. Wellegehausen, Kasem Mossavi, and Boris N. Chichkov
Subjects: Quantum optics, Range (particle radiation), Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), business.industry, General Engineering, Resonance, General Physics and Astronomy, Radiation, Excimer, Laser, Pulse (physics), law.invention, Optics, law, Extreme ultraviolet, Optoelectronics, business
Abstract: Different approaches for the generation of coherent VUV and XUV radiation with a 400 fs KrF excimer-laser system are studied. In nonlinear optical experiments it is shown that four-wave difference-frequency mixing in Xe, using a near two-photon resonance with the KrF laser radiation, is well suited for the generation of tunable VUV radiation in the range 130–200 nm. Conversion efficiencies of 2% and output energies up to 260 mgrJ have been demonstrated. Further prospects to achieve mgrJ energies are discussed. Using this VUV source and the KrF laser, powerful XUV radiation can be generated by different low-order frequency mixing processes. In first experiments on this subject, direct frequency tripling of the KrF laser pulse has resulted in 14 mgrJ XUV radiation at 83 nm. For the realization of soft-X-ray lasers, specific advantages of short-pulse KrF drivers are discussed. Novel scenarios based on a hybrid KrF/Ti: sapphire laser system and multiphoton resonant excitation are considered.
Published: 1996
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28. External cavity laser diode with 40 nm continuous tuning range around 825 nm

Author: Andreas Tünnermann, Herbert Welling, M. Laschek, K. Przyklenk, and Dieter Wandt
Subjects: External cavity laser, Range (particle radiation), Materials science, business.industry, Infrared, Grating, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Semiconductor laser theory, Optics, Semiconductor, law, Optoelectronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, business, Diode
Abstract: We report on a broadly tunable external cavity semiconductor laser near 825 nm employing a grating mounted in grazing incidence. The laser system is tunable without mode hops in the wavelength range from 800 nm to 840 nm with output powers up to 6.5 mW. For the first time, such an external cavity laser has been used to obtain the water vapor absorption spectrum in ambient air between 814 nm and 831 nm in a single scan.
Published: 1996
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29. Short-pulse laser ablation of solid targets

Author: Boris N. Chichkov, Stefan Nolte, Carsten Momma, B. Wellegehausen, Andreas Tünnermann, Herbert Welling, and Ferdinand von Alvensleben
Subjects: Materials science, Laser ablation, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Far-infrared laser, Pulse duration, Laser pumping, Ablation, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, X-ray laser, Optics, law, Ultrafast laser spectroscopy, medicine, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, business
Abstract: Laser ablation of solid targets by Ti:sapphire laser radiation is studied. The solid targets are irradiated by 0.2–5000 ps laser pulses in the intensity range of 10 9 − 5 × 10 16 W cm 2 . Dependences of the ablation depth on the laser pulse energy and pulse duration are discussed. Advantages of sub-picosecond laser radiation for precise material processing are demonstrated.
Published: 1996
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30. 2.70 μm CrEr: YSGG laser with high output energy and FTIR-Q-switch

Author: Wolfgang Ertmer, A. Hogele, G Hörbe, Herbert Welling, and H. Lubatschowski
Subjects: Laser surgery, Total internal reflection, Materials science, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Slope efficiency, Laser, Q-switching, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Optical pumping, Resonator, Optics, law, Transmittance, medicine, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, business
Abstract: We report on efficient operation of a flashlamp pumped CrEr: YSGG laser at the wavelength of 2.70 μm. A free running output pulse energy of more than 0.6 J at a slope efficiency of 0.36% has been achieved by using a specially-designed low-loss dispersive resonator. We will also report on efficient frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR) Q-switching of this laser. The wavelength of 2.70 μm is of particular interest for laser surgery because of its considerably better transmittance in fused silica fibers compared to well developed 2.79 μm CrEr: YSGG and 2.94 μm Er: YAG lasers.
Published: 1996
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31. Generation of short-pulse VUV and XUV radiation

Author: M. Feuerhake, Kasem Mossavi, H. Eichmann, Herbert Welling, B. Wellegehausen, and Carsten Momma
Subjects: Dye laser, Materials science, business.industry, Nonlinear optics, chemistry.chemical_element, Laser pumping, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Four-wave mixing, Xenon, Optics, chemistry, law, Extreme ultraviolet, High harmonic generation, Optoelectronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business
Abstract: Starting from intense short-pulse KrF (248 nm, 25 mJ, 400 fs), ArF (193 nm, 10 mJ, sim1 ps), and Ti:sapphire (810 nm, 100 mJ, 150 fs) laser systems, schemes for the generation of fixed-frequency and tunable VUV and XUV radiation by nonlinear optical techniques are investigated. With the KrF system, a four-wave mixing process in xenon yields tunable radiation in the range of 130–200 nm with output energies of, so far, 100 mgrJ in less than 1 ps. For the XUV spectral range below 100 nm, nonperturbative high-order harmonic generation and frequency mixing processes in noble gas jets are considered. To achieve tunability, the intense fixed-frequency pump laser radiation is mixed with less intense but broadly tunable radiation from short-pulse dye lasers or optical parametric generator-amplifier systems. In this way, tunability down to wavelengths of less than 40 nm has been demonstrated.
Published: 1996
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32. Power scaling of diode-pumped monolithic Nd:YAG lasers to output powers of several watts

Author: Ingo Freitag, Andreas Tünnermann, and Herbert Welling
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, Ti:sapphire laser, Physics::Optics, Ring laser, Ring (chemistry), Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Injection locking, Superposition principle, Optics, law, Physics::Atomic Physics, Laser power scaling, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, business, Diode
Abstract: Power scaling of diode-pumped monolithic Nd:YAG ring lasers to a single-frequency output power of nearly 2 W in cw operation is demonstrated by using a new ring laser design and applying four 1 W diode lasers. Coherent superposition of the radiation from two miniature ring lasers is achieved by injection locking of these systems.
Published: 1995
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33. New innershell photoionization lasers in the rubidium ion

Author: C. Momma, Andreas Tünnermann, B. Wellegehausen, H. Eichmann, and Herbert Welling
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, Near-infrared spectroscopy, Physics::Optics, chemistry.chemical_element, Plasma, Photoionization, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Rubidium, Ion, law.invention, Optics, chemistry, law, Metastability, Physics::Atomic Physics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, business, Tunable laser
Abstract: By in innershell photoionization of rubidium vapor with soft X-rays from laser-produced plasmas the metastable 4p 5 5s levels in the rubidium ion are populated. Starting from these levels, five Raman-type lasers on the 4p 5 5p-4p 5 4d transitions in the visible and near infrared spectral range have been realized by applying a tunable dye laser. Gain coefficients of more than 5 cm -1 have been observed.
Published: 1993
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34. Additive pulse mode-locked Nd: YAG laser

Author: M. Ostermeyer, Herbert Welling, Carsten Fallnich, G. Steinmeyer, and Fedor Mitschke
Subjects: Quantum optics, Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), business.industry, General Engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, Laser, law.invention, Pulse (physics), Optical pumping, Mode-locking, law, Picosecond, Nd:YAG laser, Optoelectronics, Pulse mode, business
Abstract: Additive pulse mode locking applied to lamppumped Nd: YAG lasers results in an attractive source of picosecond pulses at 1.06 μm or 1.32 μm with average powers at the Watt level. We provide detailed information on construction and operation and give data on performance. A modified active stabilization scheme allows not only improved stability of operation but also insight into the dynamics of pulse formation.
Published: 1993
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35. 15 W single-frequency operation of a cw, diode laser-pumped Nd: YAG ring laser

Author: I. Kröpe, D. Golla, W. Schone, Holger Zellmer, Herbert Welling, and Ingo Freitag
Subjects: Materials science, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Physics::Optics, chemistry.chemical_element, Ring laser, Laser pumping, Laser, Neodymium, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Injection locking, Master oscillator, Optics, chemistry, Solid-state laser, law, Physics::Atomic Physics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, business, Diode
Abstract: We report on a diode laser-pumped, 15 W cw Nd:YAG ring laser. Single-frequency operation is achieved by injection locking, using a single-frequency diode laser-pumped, monolithic Nd: YAG ring laser as a frequency-stable master oscillator.
Published: 1993
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36. Quasi-three-level room-temperature Nd:YAG ring laser with high single-frequency output power at 946 nm

Author: Ingo Freitag, R. Henking, Andreas Tünnermann, and Herbert Welling
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, Far-infrared laser, Physics::Optics, Ring laser, Laser pumping, Injection seeder, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, Optics, law, Diode-pumped solid-state laser, Optoelectronics, Laser power scaling, business, Laser Doppler vibrometer
Abstract: Efficient room-temperature operation of a diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser is demonstrated for the quasi-three-level transition at 946 nm. Continuous-wave output powers of more than 800 mW cw in single-frequency operation are generated by application of a composite-cavity nonplanar ring laser. High amplitude and frequency stability of the emitted radiation is observed.
Published: 2009

37. High-power cw neodymium-doped fiber laser operating at 9.2 W with high beam quality

Author: Volker Reichel, Holger Zellmer, P Albers, H.-R. Muller, Andreas Tünnermann, U. Willamowski, Herbert Welling, Sonja Unger, and Johannes Kirchhof
Subjects: Distributed feedback laser, Materials science, Optical fiber, business.industry, chemistry.chemical_element, Neodymium, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, Optics, chemistry, law, Fiber laser, Optoelectronics, Dispersion-shifted fiber, Laser beam quality, Fiber, Laser power scaling, business
Abstract: We report on a 9.2-W cw, two-times diffraction-limited, neodymium-doped fiber laser operating in the 1.06-microm region. For a silica-based double-clad fiber, slope efficiencies of more than 25% are observed for pumping by a diode-laser system operating near 810 nm.
Published: 2009

38. Short-pulse amplification and gain dynamics of an ArF excimer amplifier

Author: Andreas Tünnermann, C. Momma, H. Eichmann, H. Jacobs, Herbert Welling, and B. Wellegehausen
Subjects: Optical amplifier, Amplified spontaneous emission, Materials science, business.industry, Amplifier, Nonlinear optics, chemistry.chemical_element, Excimer, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Optics, Xenon, chemistry, Temporal resolution, Picosecond, business
Abstract: Subpicosecond pulses at 193 nm, generated by a nonresonant difference-frequency mixing process in xenon, have been amplified in an ArF excimer gain module to output energies of as much as 10 mJ. Investigations on the gain characteristics of the ArF excimer amplifier yield a saturation energy density of 1.9 mJ/cm(2) and a maximum small-signal gain coefficient of 0.15 cm(-1). Gain recovery measurements have been performed. A dominant gain recovery time of ~3 ns with indications of a small fast contribution in the picosecond range have been observed.
Published: 2009

39. Continuous-wave laser oscillation with extended tuning range in FA(II)-FB(II) color-center crystals

Author: G. Litfin, Klaus-P. Koch, and Herbert Welling
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, Oscillation, Analytical chemistry, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Ion, law.invention, Crystal, Optical pumping, Optics, law, Attenuation coefficient, Continuous wave, Luminescence, business
Abstract: By using double-doped or mixed-host crystals, an enlargement of the emission range of FA(II)–FB(II) color-center crystals is achieved. We report on cw laser oscillation with FA(II)–FB(II) color centers simultaneously created in the same host crystal. By use of Li+:Na+-doped KCl and RbCl crystals, an extended tuning range has been achieved, so the entire spectral range from 2.27 to 3.33 μm can be covered now with only two samples.
Published: 2009

40. The GEO—project a long-baseline laser interferometer for the detection of gravitational waves

Author: I. Kröpke, Peter G. Nelson, L. Schnupp, N. A. Robertson, Sheila Rowan, Justin R. Shuttleworth, J. R. J. Bennett, B. J. Meers, P. Kafka, David Nicholson, Albrecht Rüdiger, C. A. Cantley, Timothy M. Niebauer, Karsten Danzmann, Bernard F. Schutz, R. J. Elsey, Gerhard Schäfer, P. J. Veitch, Kenneth A. Strain, Herbert Walther, Peter Aufmuth, G. P. Newton, J. M. Chen, J. E. Hall, Roland Schilling, H. Ward, I. F. Corbett, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, J.E. Logan, D. Ristau, Walter Winkler, D. I. Robertson, H. Braun, Herbert Welling, Kenneth D. Skeldon, J. H. Hough, E. Morrison, V. Kose, B. W. H. Edwards, Jürgen Ehlers, and A. M. Campbell
Subjects: Physics, Atom interferometer, Gravitational-wave observatory, business.industry, Gravitational wave, Intensity interferometer, Acoustic interferometer, Michelson interferometer, Interference (wave propagation), law.invention, Interferometry, Optics, law, business
Published: 2008
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41. High-repetition-rate, high-average-power, diode-pumped 2.94-microm Er:YAG laser

Author: Herbert Welling, G. F. Will, H. Ernst, C. Ziolek, H. Lubatschowski, and Wolfgang Ertmer
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, Laser pumping, Injection seeder, Laser, Q-switching, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, Optics, law, Diode-pumped solid-state laser, Optoelectronics, Laser power scaling, business, Er:YAG laser, Tunable laser
Abstract: We have demonstrated more than 3 W of average output power from a 2.94-mu;m quasi-cw diode-pumped total internal reflection (TIR) Er:YAG laser operating at 100 Hz with a 4% duty cycle. Moreover, repetition rates of up to 600 Hz at more than 1.2-W output power have been achieved. The cavity consists of a plane-mirror resonator of 40-mm length and uses three of five TIR regions within the laser crystal as pump facets to efficiently couple the pump energy into the resonant laser mode. Differential efficiencies of up to 18.3% have been achieved at an optimum pump pulse width in the range of 300 micros .
Published: 2007

42. Progress in tunable lasers

Author: Dieter Frolich and Herbert Welling
Subjects: Excimer laser, business.industry, law, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine, Physics::Optics, Optoelectronics, New materials, Ring laser, business, Laser, Tunable laser, law.invention
Abstract: This paper summarizes principle methods to realize tunable lasers and gives a review on available systems. Numerous areas of research require an extension of the tunable range and an improvement in power levels. The color center laser and the ring laser will be discussed as examples to show how corresponding progress can be obtained by introducing new materials and developing new systems. At the end of the paper a new principle will be described by which tunability is achieved using the process of stimulated two photon emission.
Published: 2007
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43. Ultraviolet single-frequency pulses with 110 mW average power using frequency-converted passively Q-switched miniature Nd:YAG ring lasers

Author: S. Spiekermann, Ingo Freitag, Herbert Welling, M. Bode, and Carsten Fallnich
Subjects: Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), business.industry, Energy conversion efficiency, chemistry.chemical_element, Ring laser, Laser, Q-switching, Neodymium, law.invention, Optical pumping, Full width at half maximum, Optics, chemistry, law, Optoelectronics, business, Diode
Abstract: We demonstrate a compact source of ultraviolet single-frequency pulses with high average output power realized by subsequent single-pass frequency doubling and quadrupling of a diode-pumped passively Q-switched miniature Nd:YAG ring laser. Pulse widths of 2 ns (full width at half maximum), 20 μJ single pulse energy, and 10 kW peak power are achieved at a wavelength of 266 nm with kilohertz repetition rates. A single-pass energy conversion efficiency of 22% with respect to the fundamental light at 1064 nm and an overall efficiency of 2.8% with respect to the diode pump power are obtained.
Published: 1998
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44. THE LIGO GRAVITATIONAL WAVE OBSERVATORIES: RECENT RESULTS AND FUTURE PLANS

Author: Robert Spero, Soumya D. Mohanty, Alessandra Buonanno, N. Zotov, K. Mason, B. Lantz, David Crooks, Sanichiro Yoshida, Graham Woan, E. Rotthoff, Xavier Siemens, M. Malec, M. Rakhmanov, S. Penn, Karsten Kötter, Rana X. Adhikari, Yi Chen, Q. Z. Shu, G. Stapfer, J. Hanson, B. Machenschalk, Guido Mueller, Pamela J. Russell, S. Richman, Oliver Jennrich, J. Betzwieser, H. Overmier, J. H. Romie, B. Sears, Anton B. Ivanov, C. Colacino, M. Schrempel, N. Hindman, D. Farnham, Vicky Kalogera, Carsten Fallnich, J. Mason, T. Regimbau, M. Coles, M. Guenther, Michael D. Smith, R. Amin, K. Bayer, F. J. Raab, R. Gustafson, V. Schmidt, I. Salzman, Patrick Brady, C. Barker-Patton, C. I. Torrie, M. A. Barton, F. Mann, A. Heptonstall, C. Hardham, R. M. S. Schofield, S. Chatterji, Benjamin J. Owen, W. R. Johnston, Alberto Vecchio, K. V. Tokmakov, Seiji Kawamura, Morag M. Casey, Adrian C. Ottewill, Phil Willems, M. Heurs, J. Chapsky, B. J. Winjum, J. Zweizig, Osamu Miyakawa, David H. Reitze, D. Ouimette, Albert Lazzarini, K. Mailand, Christian J. Killow, Peter R. Saulson, V. V. Frolov, R. Taylor, M. Hammond, H. Ding, Krzysztof Belczynski, R. Mittleman, R. Abbott, Nelson Christensen, A. Hartunian, D. M. Strom, J. Kern, Philippe Grandclément, P. J. Sutton, Haisheng Rong, L. Jones, Robert Bennett, S. Brozek, A. Rizzi, Keisuke Goda, Lindon J. Robison, R. L. Savage, Helena Armandula, E. J. Elliffe, Curt Cutler, P. Kloevekorn, D. Rose, M. C. Araya, B. F. Schutz, T. Summerscales, D. Chin, M. M. Fejer, Stanislav Babak, Walid A. Majid, I. Leonor, S. Wen, P. Ehrens, S. Traeger, Peter Fritschel, A. L. Stuver, I. Yakushin, C. Gray, Duncan A. Brown, G. Billingsley, A. Chandler, D. B. Tanner, J. G. Rollins, Kevin M. Ryan, F. Asiri, S. E. Whitcomb, S. Nagano, Timothy Evans, D. Redding, Shinji Miyoki, M. J. Lubinski, A. M. Gretarsson, Chonghoon Kim, T. Delker, D. Sigg, Brent Ware, S. W. Ballmer, C. Aulbert, S. J. Berukoff, G. Traylor, Thomas Corbitt, J. Castiglione, G. Moreno, Akiteru Takamori, Walter Winkler, P. Charlton, A. Gillespie, Harald Lück, J. Logan, R. K. Nayak, A. Wilson, C. Messenger, Vladimir B. Braginsky, K. Riles, R. Rahkola, V. Leonhardt, T. Etzel, Rainer Weiss, D. Debra, O. Matherny, Laura Cadonati, D. Jungwirth, P. Hoang, P. R. Williams, R. W. P. Drever, I. A. Bilenko, Ian Taylor, Robert J. McCarthy, Linqing Wen, David J. Ottaway, Sheila Rowan, B. Barr, J. Worden, Teviet Creighton, Herbert Walther, M. Hrynevych, K. Kawabe, Joseph D. Romano, Yousuke Itoh, W. W. Johnson, C. King, R. Riesen, Roland Schilling, Kasem Mossavi, F. Nocera, Martin Hewitson, B. Bochner, Alicia M. Sintes, Massimo Tinto, H. Tariq, D. Webber, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, E. Black, Gianpietro Cagnoli, Gregory M. Harry, M. Lei, J. R. Smith, R. Bork, J. E. Brau, C. A. Cantley, T. Nash, T. Olson, A. Sazonov, D. Churches, Benjamin William Allen, A. Khan, S. M. Scott, D. Ugolini, Karsten Danzmann, M. C. Sumner, Virginio Sannibale, David E. McClelland, Kenneth A. Strain, M. Lormand, Erika D'Ambrosio, J. Myers, C. Ebeling, J. A. Giaime, G. Mendell, U. Weiland, E. J. Daw, M. Fine, T. T. Lyons, S. Wise, S. Grunewald, C. Parameswariah, N. Hepler, B. Mours, J. Langdale, G. P. Newton, M. Fyffe, Kip S. Thorne, Suvadeep Bose, Richard Ingley, A. J. Weinstein, D. H. Shoemaker, Gabriela Gonzalez, M. Landry, Kenneth G. Libbrecht, D. B. Kozak, M. Hennessy, C. Vorvick, B. O'Reilly, R.L. Coldwell, A. Weidner, V. P. Mitrofanov, L. Bogue, M. R. Smith, P. Schwinberg, A. Grant, S. Liu, Michael E Zucker, L. Zhang, G. H. Sanders, R. Lawrence, W. G. Anderson, Jordan Camp, A. S. Sengupta, Peter Shawhan, M. Tibbits, B. P. Abbott, S. Vass, Peter Aufmuth, W. Kells, D. Busby, R. Davies, William E. Butler, Albrecht Rüdiger, V. Chickarmane, S. Meshkov, R. Beausoleil, Martin P McHugh, M. H. P. M. van Putten, S. Tilav, E. Gustafson, H. Naundorf, M. R. Pratt, Matthew Evans, L. Cardenas, E. Maros, S. Klimenko, Marco Aurelio Diaz, B. Bhawal, V. Parameswariah, C. Torres, N. A. Robertson, A. Bullington, Kevin M. Carter, S. B. Anderson, M. W. Regehr, A. Marin, M. Pedraza, Badri Krishnan, P. Csatorday, Maria Alessandra Papa, M. V. Plissi, Antony C. Searle, Kent Blackburn, Hartmut Grote, B. F. Whiting, Joseph M. Kovalik, M. Barnes, Julien Sylvestre, P. McNamara, L. Wallace, R. Frey, H. Yamamoto, P. J. King, D. Grimmett, Philip Nutzman, A. G. Wiseman, P. E. Lindquist, D. C. Coyne, S. Dhurandar, W. O. Hamilton, D. Barker, Kenneth D. Skeldon, S. Killbourn, S. Roddy, James Whelan, Lee Samuel Finn, Éanna É. Flanagan, Guenakh Mitselmakher, A. Ageev, L. Sievers, C. A. Shapiro, B. Bland-Weaver, Soma Mukherjee, Scott Koranda, L. Matone, J. H. Hough, A. Sibley, Douglas R. Cook, S. Seel, M. Ito, Roy Williams, K. S. Ganezer, K. Watts, Stefan Goßler, K. T. Reilly, Kevin C. Schlaufman, Herbert Welling, Nergis Mavalvala, B. C. Barish, J. Heefner, W. Hua, Michele Vallisneri, Ik Siong Heng, S. Márka, R. J. Dupuis, K. Reithmaier, Andreas Freise, Matthew Pitkin, R. DeSalvo, R. Wooley, Jolien D. E. Creighton, I. Zawischa, E. Katsavounidis, R. L. Byer, H. Radkins, S. P. Vyachanin, W. Tyler, R. Balasubramanian, Jeffrey A. Edlund, R. Burgess, B. J. Cusack, S. R. Rao, D. I. Robertson, Peter H. Sneddon, M. Mageswaran, H. Ward, M. MacInnis, Y. Hefetz, Gerhard Heinzel, Benno Willke, and The LIGO Scientific Collaboration
Subjects: Physics, Gravitational-wave observatory, Einstein Telescope, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astrophysics, Gravitational-wave astronomy, LIGO, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Neutron star, Pulsar, QC
Abstract: The LIGO interferometers are operating as gravitational wave observatories, with a noise level near an order of magnitude of the goal and the first scientific data recently taken. This data has been analyzed for four different categories of gravitational wave sources; millisecond bursts, inspiralling binary neutron stars, periodic waves from a known pulsar, and stochastic background. Research and development is also underway for the next generation LIGO detector, Advanced LIGO.
Published: 2006
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45. Search for gravitational waves from binary black hole inspirals in LIGO data

Author: Linqing Wen, T. Etzel, Joseph D. Romano, C. King, Kasem Mossavi, J. E. Brau, W. R. Johnston, Laura Cadonati, K. Kawabe, P. Csatorday, A. Chandler, Kevin M. Ryan, J. Betzwieser, D. Debra, W. Kells, Lindon J. Robison, A. Wilson, A. L. Stuver, J. S. Noel, M. Fyffe, O. Matherny, B. Lantz, Susan M. Scott, Teviet Creighton, Herbert Walther, Y. Hefetz, Gerhard Heinzel, C. Hardham, Helena Armandula, E. J. Elliffe, M. V. Plissi, Roman Schnabel, S. Penn, Karsten Kötter, Pamela J. Russell, S. Richman, B. Barr, H. Ward, Chad Hanna, A. Heptonstall, J. Worden, A. Rüdiger, K. Rawlins, Benno Willke, K. D. Zaleski, Oliver Jennrich, Subhasish Mitra, Marco G. Tarallo, X. Siemens, C. Wilkinson, J. Castiglione, D. Barker, K. A. Thorne, Adrian C. Ottewill, P. Charlton, Michael E Zucker, A. Di Credico, D. Churches, L. Ruet, Hartmut Grote, R. Riesen, D. Webber, B. F. Whiting, John Veitch, S. Roddy, Roland Schilling, M. Fine, E. J. Daw, S. Dhurandhar, Krzysztof Belczynski, R. Mittleman, Nelson Christensen, A. Hartunian, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, D. Ugolini, Carsten Fallnich, Stefan Hild, M. A. Barton, I. A. Bilenko, V. Dergachev, Ian Taylor, David J. Ottaway, Alessandra Buonanno, E. Black, Martin M. Fejer, J. R. Smith, S. Klimenko, T. Nash, V. V. Frolov, M. MacInnis, S. Mukherjee, Sanichiro Yoshida, D. Sellers, A. M. Sintes, P. Aufmuth, Jeffrey A. Edlund, F. Nocera, Lee Samuel Finn, J. W C McNabb, D. Jungwirth, A. Sazonov, Manuel Luna, K. Reithmaier, A. Gillespie, Andreas Freise, A. Libson, Matthew Pitkin, A. Ivanov, M. Mageswaran, R. Wooley, R. Burgess, Daniel C. Woods, N. A. Robertson, Richard J. Abbott, I. Yakushin, P. E. Lindquist, H. Radkins, S. P. Vyachanin, M. Coles, M. Guenther, D. I. Robertson, C. Torres, Graham Woan, A. Rodriguez, Robert L. Byer, K. Y. Franzen, E. Maros, Stuart Reid, Curt Cutler, C. Gray, C. A. Cantley, T. Regimbau, Roy Williams, K. Wette, R. Coldwell, W. Tyler, T. Evans, Carlo Ungarelli, Michael D. Smith, Keisuke Goda, David Jones, Guenakh Mitselmakher, C. I. Torrie, C. Barker, V. Parameshwaraiah, K. S. Ganezer, Patrick Brady, Pankaj Sarin, D. Farnham, Raymond G. Beausoleil, A. Ageev, M. Hammond, C. Messenger, M. Lormand, O. Spjeld, R. Zhu, W. Hua, C. Robinson, Benjamin William Allen, K. Watts, B. Bland, V. Chickarmane, I. Zawischa, D. Sigg, W. W. Johnson, S. W. Ballmer, Stefan Goßler, R. Gustafson, Karsten Danzmann, M. C. Sumner, R. Balasubramanian, M. Rakhmanov, V. Schmidt, D. Chin, Stanislav Babak, Walid A. Majid, Erik Katsavounidis, Phil Willems, Gavin Davies, Duncan A. Brown, Walter Winkler, J. Kern, P. G. Murray, D. Steussy, B. Sears, Kevin M. Carter, J. A. Giaime, S. B. Anderson, Jan Harms, William E. Butler, Peter R. Saulson, M. Ito, Martin P McHugh, B. J. Cusack, Brent Ware, Bernard F. Schutz, Eileen S. Rotthoff, Vladimir B. Braginsky, Kevin C. Schlaufman, J. H. Hough, S. E. Seader, B. Bhawal, David B. Tanner, H. Ding, G. Mendell, M. W. Regehr, Marco Aurelio Diaz, M. Sung, S. Grunewald, K. Riles, M. H. P. M. van Putten, S. Tilav, L. Jones, Rana X. Adhikari, Gareth Jones, L. Sievers, Robert Bennett, Thomas Cokelaer, Peter H. Sneddon, G. Stapfer, Gregory M. Harry, Erika D'Ambrosio, Michele Zanolin, C. A. Shapiro, M. Pedraza, Vicky Kalogera, Robert Spero, Soumya D. Mohanty, Harald Lück, U. Weiland, S. R. Rao, M. Lei, T. Olson, M. Barnes, Julien Sylvestre, D. M. Strom, L. Wallace, S. J. Berukoff, R. Bork, N. Zotov, S. Seel, Lisa M. Goggin, K. Mason, R. Frey, A. Marin, C. Aulbert, Scott Koranda, C. Parameswariah, J. Langdale, Sandra E. Wiley, Gabriela Gonzalez, P. J. King, D. Grimmett, I. Leonor, Philip Nutzman, L. Matone, M. Ashley, D. Coyne, A. M. Gretarsson, D. Cook, A. Khan, J. Mason, Virginio Sannibale, David E. McClelland, G. Moreno, Guido Mueller, Yousuke Itoh, B. Bochner, Maria Alessandra Papa, Kent Blackburn, Herbert Welling, Massimo Tinto, Nergis Mavalvala, B. C. Barish, H. Yamamoto, A. Grant, J. Garofoli, Stephen Fairhurst, A. G. Wiseman, S. Wen, Lindy Blackburn, P. Ehrens, Chunglee Kim, V. Sandberg, Michele Vallisneri, A. Sibley, B. Machenschalk, S. Ray-Majumder, Seiji Kawamura, S. Márka, B. Rivera, Philippe Grandclément, K. T. Reilly, David H. Shoemaker, Shantanu Desai, Ik Siong Heng, F. Asiri, Kip S. Thorne, A. J. Weinstein, W. Wu, R. W.P. Drever, F. Mann, Peter Fritschel, Shinji Miyoki, Kenneth A. Strain, A. Weidner, R. A. Mercer, J. Heefner, B. O'Reilly, Reinhard Prix, V. P. Mitrofanov, P. J. Sutton, Haisheng Rong, K. C. Cannon, M. Lubinski, S. E. Whitcomb, M. C. Araya, B. Johnson, W. O. Hamilton, C. N. Colacino, K. Mailand, J. Chapsky, J. Hanson, Osamu Miyakawa, David H. Reitze, S. Killbourn, H. Overmier, James Whelan, Juri Agresti, A. Rizzi, G. Traylor, P. Ajith, L. Zhang, Thomas Corbitt, Christian J. Killow, Akiteru Takamori, Badri Krishnan, Antony C. Searle, T. Findley, S. Liu, D. Ouimette, Yi Chen, J. Cannizzo, J. Allen, D. Kozak, N. Hepler, M. Hennessy, Q. Z. Shu, R. L. Ward, M. Hrynevych, A. Bunkowski, T. Summerscales, Frank Seifert, Joseph M. Kovalik, S. Wise, E. Messaritaki, Sheila Rowan, J. H. Romie, K. Bayer, Michael Landry, S. Meshkov, Kenneth G. Libbrecht, F. J. Raab, S. Chelkowski, R. McCarthy, G. Billingsley, C. Vorvick, P. Schwinberg, J. D. E. Creighton, I. Salzman, R. Amin, W. G. Anderson, Peter Shawhan, M. Tibbits, B. P. Abbott, R. M. S. Schofield, S. Vass, J. Zweizig, Benjamin J. Owen, E. Myers, K. V. Tokmakov, D. Busby, Junwei Cao, R. L. Savage, S. Nagano, D. Redding, M. Malec, P. Hoang, Eugeniy E. Mikhailov, Alberto Vecchio, A. Lazzarini, Richard J. K. Taylor, Gianpietro Cagnoli, J. Myers, Shourov Chatterji, Suvadeep Bose, M. R. Smith, G. H. Sanders, R. Lawrence, M. Hewitson, Morag M. Casey, M. Heurs, B. J. Winjum, A. C. Melissinos, David Crooks, A. Bullington, L. Bogue, D. Rose, R. Desalvo, V. Re, Rainer Weiss, N. Hindman, J. G. Rollins, Jordan Camp, T. Delker, P. R. Williams, J. Dalrymple, A. S. Sengupta, H. Tariq, G. Newton, Matthew Evans, L. Cardenas, Vuk Mandic, Yi Pan, Eric K. Gustafson, T. T. Lyons, J. Logan, R. K. Nayak, R. Rahkola, R. J. Dupuis, and The LIGO Scientific Collaboration
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Gravitational-wave observatory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, FOS: Physical sciences, Binary number, Astronomy, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, LIGO, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, filters, Interferometry, Binary black hole, 0103 physical sciences, Astronomical interferometer, ddc:530, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik, FILTERS, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC
Abstract: We report on a search for gravitational waves from binary black hole inspirals in the data from the second science run of the LIGO interferometers. The search focused on binary systems with component masses between 3 and 20 solar masses. Optimally oriented binaries with distances up to 1 Mpc could be detected with efficiency of at least 90%. We found no events that could be identified as gravitational waves in the 385.6 hours of data that we searched., 18 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2006

46. Joint LIGO and TAMA300 Search for Gravitational Waves from Inspiralling Neutron Star Binaries

Author: J. E. Brau, Subhasish Mitra, D. Churches, A. J. Weinstein, W. Wu, P. T. Beyersdorf, A. Grant, S. Liu, L. Zhang, Keisuke Goda, Erik Katsavounidis, Daisuke Tatsumi, A. Wilson, M. J. Lubinski, Vladimir B. Braginsky, K. Riles, Yousuke Itoh, Ken-ichi Nakao, A. Ageev, M. Lormand, M. Fine, K. Rawlins, A. Bunkowski, Kazuyuki Miura, J. Logan, R. K. Nayak, Rebecca Abbott, J. Heefner, Mayu Katsuki, David H. Shoemaker, R. Rahkola, Y. Hefetz, Shigemi Otsuka, Peter Fritschel, Gerhard Heinzel, C. Hardham, Hideki Ishitsuka, Hideki Asada, Jan Harms, Alberto Vecchio, Juri Agresti, A. Rizzi, S. Penn, Benno Willke, L. Ruet, Kazuaki Kuroda, Robert J. McCarthy, Linqing Wen, Pamela J. Russell, S. Richman, K. C. Cannon, A. Bullington, F. Mann, Shuichi Sato, Masaru Shibata, A. Gillespie, Oliver Jennrich, Akitoshi Ueda, L. Bogue, R. L. Savage, V. V. Frolov, Curt Cutler, Alessandra Buonanno, V. Parameshwaraiah, I. Leonor, John K. Cannizzo, T. Summerscales, S. Nagano, Yusaku Hamuro, Darby Kozak, K. A. Thorne, J. Betzwieser, M. C. Araya, D. Ugolini, Mitsuru Musha, Y. Saito, Carsten Fallnich, Yoshikazu Karasawa, R. J. Dupuis, Kiminori Kondo, C. Torres, A. Rodriguez, C. Barker, B. Johnson, Naoki Seto, D. Redding, Youhei Sato, Joseph D. Romano, C. King, Stefan Hild, N. Sato, C. A. Cantley, C. Robinson, Benjamin William Allen, Karsten Danzmann, M. C. Sumner, Shoken M. Miyama, D. Chin, Stanislav Babak, Kasem Mossavi, Walid A. Majid, Duncan A. Brown, P. Hoang, G. Traylor, Thomas Corbitt, Michael Landry, G. Billingsley, Michele Vallisneri, Ik Siong Heng, Fumiko Kawazoe, H. Tariq, Shigenori Moriwaki, J. Chapsky, S. Meshkov, Akiteru Takamori, Pankaj Sarin, D. Farnham, Akito Araya, E. J. Daw, Brent Ware, Y. Ogawa, Norikatsu Mio, G. Mendell, Soma Mukherjee, Sanichiro Yoshida, M. R. Smith, Shinji Miyoki, Graham Woan, Zong Hong Zhu, Robert L. Byer, Stuart Reid, Shihori Sakata, A. M. Gretarsson, D. Rose, C. A. Shapiro, V. Schmidt, Toru Tanji, T. Nakamura, E. Rotthoff, P. Csatorday, William E. Butler, Eugeniy E. Mikhailov, T. Findley, E. Messaritaki, Morag M. Casey, M. Heurs, D. Ouimette, C. Gray, Erika D'Ambrosio, A. Chandler, B. J. Winjum, C. Parameswariah, M. Rakhmanov, Vuk Mandic, Bernard F. Schutz, H. Yamamoto, Takaharu Kaneyama, J. W C McNabb, Laura Cadonati, Walter Winkler, Sheila Rowan, Harald Lück, G. Stapfer, Kevin M. Ryan, J. Hanson, Yoshitaka Nagayama, J. Langdale, G. P. Newton, M. Fyffe, N. A. Robertson, Ken-ichi Ueda, Sandra E. Wiley, Gabriela Gonzalez, Ken'ichi Nakagawa, Martin P McHugh, V. Re, Susan M. Scott, G. H. Sanders, R. Lawrence, M. H. P. M. van Putten, Koichi Waseda, C. Aulbert, S. Tilav, Guido Mueller, Rana X. Adhikari, Gareth Jones, H. Overmier, Roy Williams, J. A. Giaime, Katsuaki Kasahara, Eric K. Gustafson, Hideo Iguchi, Kentaro Somiya, Kenji Soida, B. Machenschalk, P. R. Williams, Takashi Kuwabara, Richard J. K. Taylor, S. Wise, D. Sellers, Teviet Creighton, S. Grunewald, Herbert Walther, Chad Hanna, K. Kötter, C. Wilkinson, Gianpietro Cagnoli, Toshikazu Suzuki, Rainer Weiss, T. Etzel, A. C. Melissinos, K. Oohara, T. T. Lyons, E. Maros, M. V. Plissi, M. Kawamura, Shantanu Desai, Kip S. Thorne, B. Lantz, K. S. Ganezer, Kouichi Sato, Albert Lazzarini, M. Coles, M. Guenther, Tomiyoshi Haruyama, R. W. P. Drever, Kenji Numata, Masaki Ando, K. Watts, Kenneth G. Libbrecht, I. Salzman, Stefan Goßler, Michael D. Smith, Marco G. Tarallo, K. T. Reilly, W. W. Johnson, J. Myers, F. Nocera, J. Allen, N. Hepler, Ryuichi Fujita, W. O. Hamilton, Scott Koranda, D. Webber, V. P. Mitrofanov, R. M. S. Schofield, C. Vorvick, A. Marin, Yoshio Nishi, Shuzo Takemoto, B. Bochner, Akira Okutomi, Hideaki Kudoh, Benjamin J. Owen, P. Schwinberg, V. Quetschke, Shourov Chatterji, W. R. Johnston, Yoshihide Kozai, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, E. Black, Norihiko Kamikubota, Patrick Brady, Suvadeep Bose, Takayuki Tomaru, Masatake Ohashi, Kevin C. Schlaufman, E. Myers, K. V. Tokmakov, S. Killbourn, Carlo Ungarelli, Martin M. Fejer, Hideyuki Tagoshi, J. R. Smith, R. Bork, T. Regimbau, Toshifumi Futamase, C. I. Torrie, Herbert Welling, A. Heptonstall, M. Malec, T. Nash, W. G. Anderson, Peter Shawhan, M. Tibbits, B. P. Abbott, A. Sazonov, Seiji Kawamura, Nobuyuki Kanda, Hartmut Grote, James Whelan, P. Ajith, L. Matone, Yukiyoshi Iida, Martin Hewitson, Massimo Tinto, Nergis Mavalvala, J. G. Rollins, Junwei Cao, Reinhard Prix, Naoko Ohishi, B. C. Barish, K. D. Zaleski, Phil Willems, M. Hrynevych, R. DeSalvo, S. Vass, W. Kells, P. Ehrens, D. Busby, D. M. Strom, Masa-Katsu Fujimoto, Kevin M. Carter, T. Delker, P. G. Murray, Osamu Miyakawa, David H. Reitze, Christian J. Killow, S. B. Anderson, Hiroyuki Nakano, Misao Sasaki, Jordan Camp, A. Sibley, J. Dalrymple, Masao Tokunari, Lindon J. Robison, A. S. Sengupta, J. H. Hough, D. Jungwirth, Philippe Grandclément, P. E. Lindquist, K. Wette, Peter Aufmuth, David B. Tanner, M. W. Regehr, Lisa M. Goggin, Douglas R. Cook, M. Sung, P. J. Sutton, Haisheng Rong, Timothy Evans, Helena Armandula, E. J. Elliffe, Kazuhiro Hayama, M. Pedraza, Michele Zanolin, S. Seel, R. Coldwell, Jeffrey A. Edlund, M. A. Barton, D. Sigg, Keiko Kokeyama, Gavin Davies, D. Steussy, Koji Arai, R. Burgess, Maria Alessandra Papa, V. Chickarmane, Daniel C. Woods, B. Sears, Kimio Tsubono, T. Akutsu, S. W. Ballmer, Kent Blackburn, S. Wen, D. I. Robertson, Vicky Kalogera, Souichi Telada, J. Mason, B. Bhawal, D.B. DeBra, S. J. Berukoff, K. Y. Franzen, M. Hammond, J. Kern, Hisa-aki Shinkai, L. Jones, Robert Bennett, A. Yamamoto, Matthew Evans, L. Cardenas, Yi Pan, S. Klimenko, Ryutaro Takahashi, Y. Tsunesada, G. Moreno, Robert Spero, Soumya D. Mohanty, David Crooks, N. Zotov, K. Mason, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, S. Ray-Majumder, Xavier Siemens, C. N. Colacino, Yi Chen, M. Hennessy, Q. Z. Shu, R. L. Ward, M. Ito, J. H. Romie, K. Bayer, F. J. Raab, R. Gustafson, S. Márka, Takakazu Shintomi, J. Zweizig, Kohei Takeno, B. Bland, U. Weiland, Takahiro Tanaka, Kenneth A. Strain, S. E. Seader, A. Weidner, R. A. Mercer, Michael E Zucker, Stephen Fairhurst, Tatsuru Yoshida, A. L. Stuver, O. Matherny, Manuel Luna, B. O'Reilly, J. S. Noel, B. Barr, Hiromi Mizusawa, J. Worden, A. Rüdiger, Namio Matsuda, J. Castiglione, Youhei Fujiki, P. Charlton, R. Riesen, A. Di Credico, Roland Schilling, I. A. Bilenko, V. Dergachev, Ian Taylor, David J. Ottaway, Marco Aurelio Diaz, Nobuhiro Tsuda, David Jones, Peter R. Saulson, Taketoshi Kasai, F. Asiri, Badri Krishnan, H. Ding, Takashi Uchiyama, Antony C. Searle, Kunihito Ioka, Frank Seifert, B. F. Whiting, Joseph M. Kovalik, S. E. Whitcomb, I. Yakushin, Hirotaka Takahashi, Keisuke Taniguchi, B. J. Cusack, Guenakh Mitselmakher, S. R. Rao, O. Spjeld, R. Zhu, Toshitaka Yamazaki, M. Ashley, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, L. Sievers, Jolien D. E. Creighton, Thomas Cokelaer, Lindy Blackburn, Yuriko Yanagi, Chunglee Kim, V. Sandberg, D. Barker, A. Ivanov, H. Radkins, S. P. Vyachanin, S. Chelkowski, W. Tyler, S. Roddy, Raymond G. Beausoleil, R. Balasubramanian, A. M. Sintes, Lee Samuel Finn, M. Barnes, Julien Sylvestre, Yoichi Aso, L. Wallace, R. Frey, P. J. King, D. Grimmett, Philip Nutzman, A. G. Wiseman, D. C. Coyne, K. Reithmaier, Andreas Freise, A. Libson, Matthew Pitkin, R. Wooley, I. Zawischa, Peter H. Sneddon, Yasufumi Kojima, J. Garofoli, K. Kawabe, B. Rivera, M. Mageswaran, H. Ward, John Veitch, Jun'ichi Yokoyama, M. MacInnis, R. S. Amin, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, N. Hindman, Gregory M. Harry, M. Lei, T. Olson, A. Khan, Virginio Sannibale, David E. McClelland, C. Messenger, W. Hua, Aya Sekido, Adrian C. Ottewill, K. Mailand, Krzysztof Belczynski, R. Mittleman, Nelson Christensen, A. Hartunian, Roman Schnabel, The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, and TAMA Collaboration
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, templates, Milky Way, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, coalescence rates, neutron stars, Cosmology, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, binary stars, gravitational wave detectors, 0103 physical sciences, Binary star, ddc:530, compact binaries, 010306 general physics, QC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Astronomy, LIGO, Galaxy, Neutron star, Stars, gravitational waves, light interferometry, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik
Abstract: We search for coincident gravitational wave signals from inspiralling neutron star binaries using LIGO and TAMA300 data taken during early 2003. Using a simple trigger exchange method, we perform an inter-collaboration coincidence search during times when TAMA300 and only one of the LIGO sites were operational. We find no evidence of any gravitational wave signals. We place an observational upper limit on the rate of binary neutron star coalescence with component masses between 1 and 3 M_sun of 49 per year per Milky Way equivalent galaxy at a 90% confidence level. The methods developed during this search will find application in future network inspiral analyses., 9 pages, 5 figures. Updated with published version
Published: 2005

47. Search for gravitational waves from primordial black hole binary coalescences in the galactic halo

Author: Laura Cadonati, B. F. Whiting, P. G. Murray, D. Rose, H. Overmier, Susan M. Scott, Teviet Creighton, Herbert Walther, J. H. Hough, X. Siemens, K. Kötter, C. Wilkinson, M. Coles, M. Guenther, A. Rizzi, V. Re, J. Heefner, Douglas R. Cook, L. Jones, Roman Schnabel, J. E. Brau, B. Bland, U. Weiland, Michele Zanolin, Patrick Brady, S. Seel, Rainer Weiss, R. W. P. Drever, O. Matherny, S. E. Seader, F. Nocera, B. Barr, J. Worden, A. Rüdiger, R. Riesen, D. Churches, Roland Schilling, Richard J. K. Taylor, Gianpietro Cagnoli, T. Summerscales, M. A. Barton, W. W. Johnson, C. A. Shapiro, Stephen Fairhurst, J. H. Romie, K. Bayer, F. J. Raab, F. Asiri, S. E. Whitcomb, Michael Landry, T. Findley, D. Ouimette, A. M. Gretarsson, Philippe Grandclément, P. J. Sutton, Haisheng Rong, Michele Vallisneri, R. Gustafson, D.B. DeBra, K. Rawlins, A. Bunkowski, T. Regimbau, A. Wilson, H. Ward, C. I. Torrie, A. Heptonstall, M. Malec, D. Steussy, B. Sears, K. Y. Franzen, Jordan Camp, Ik Siong Heng, Vicky Kalogera, E. Messaritaki, G. Billingsley, M. Hammond, J. Myers, Phil Willems, M. W.E. Smith, J. Kern, A. S. Sengupta, Y. Hefetz, G. Mendell, Scott Koranda, L. Matone, S. Wise, S. Chatterji, Sheila Rowan, R. J. Dupuis, Suvadeep Bose, D. M. Strom, S. Grunewald, B. Lantz, John Veitch, Gerhard Heinzel, C. Hardham, Benno Willke, A. Sibley, Richard S. Savage, J. Mason, J. Zweizig, K. D. Zaleski, David Jones, R. DeSalvo, N. A. Robertson, Kenneth G. Libbrecht, I. Salzman, D. B. Kozak, C. Vorvick, Seiji Kawamura, Reinhard Prix, A. J. Weinstein, W. Wu, Matthew Evans, L. Cardenas, A. Gillespie, C. Parameswariah, R. M. S. Schofield, Alberto Vecchio, Yi Pan, M. MacInnis, Osamu Miyakawa, C. A. Cantley, David H. Reitze, Benjamin J. Owen, Peter R. Saulson, Shinji Miyoki, Christian J. Killow, K. Reithmaier, Andreas Freise, A. Libson, Matthew Pitkin, Alessandra Buonanno, Benjamin William Allen, S. Klimenko, R. Abbott, J. Langdale, G. P. Newton, M. Fyffe, W. G. Anderson, K. V. Tokmakov, S. Penn, Robert Spero, Soumya D. Mohanty, A. Ageev, C. Aulbert, Peter Shawhan, M. Tibbits, B. P. Abbott, Sandra E. Wiley, Gabriela Gonzalez, H. Tariq, Pamela J. Russell, S. Richman, Oliver Jennrich, Karsten Danzmann, M. C. Sumner, M. Lormand, M. Fine, S. Vass, Martin Hewitson, R. Wooley, N. Zotov, K. Mason, Jan Harms, A. Grant, S. Liu, K. A. Thorne, J. Betzwieser, Peter Fritschel, D. Ugolini, Carsten Fallnich, Jeffrey A. Edlund, Sanichiro Yoshida, W. Kells, D. Busby, Carlo Ungarelli, J. S. Noel, M. Ito, Graham Woan, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, S. Ray-Majumder, Robert L. Byer, Stuart Reid, Stefan Hild, R. Burgess, A. Bullington, Daniel C. Woods, Erika D'Ambrosio, S. Nagano, C. Torres, Soma Mukherjee, M. Rakhmanov, C. N. Colacino, Bernard F. Schutz, D. Redding, Keisuke Goda, M. R. Smith, M. Hrynevych, L. Bogue, D. I. Robertson, G. Stapfer, V. V. Frolov, J. Castiglione, P. Hoang, C. Barker, I. Zawischa, J. Hanson, Guido Mueller, P. Charlton, Erik Katsavounidis, I. Leonor, V. Parameshwaraiah, A. Di Credico, Yi Chen, H. Yamamoto, M. Hennessy, Q. Z. Shu, Roy Williams, M. J. Lubinski, S. Meshkov, G. Traylor, Thomas Corbitt, Akiteru Takamori, D. Barker, Walter Winkler, Harald Lück, Kip S. Thorne, D. Chin, I. A. Bilenko, V. Dergachev, Ian Taylor, David J. Ottaway, S. Wen, D. Farnham, E. J. Daw, Stanislav Babak, Walid A. Majid, K. S. Ganezer, K. Watts, Vladimir B. Braginsky, Curt Cutler, G. H. Sanders, R. Lawrence, K. Riles, Duncan A. Brown, Stefan Goßler, V. Schmidt, S. Chelkowski, David H. Shoemaker, V. P. Mitrofanov, N. Hepler, K. T. Reilly, R. Bennett, William E. Butler, R. Amin, Brent Ware, M. C. Araya, W. O. Hamilton, A. Marin, Yousuke Itoh, F. Mann, Kevin C. Schlaufman, T. Etzel, Herbert Welling, Nergis Mavalvala, P. Ehrens, J. W C McNabb, B. Bochner, A. Stuver, S. Roddy, Martin P McHugh, M. H. P. M. van Putten, S. Killbourn, S. Tilav, B. C. Barish, Massimo Tinto, E. Rotthoff, Kevin M. Carter, B. Johnson, James Whelan, S. B. Anderson, P. Schwinberg, J. Chapsky, D. Webber, E. Maros, H. Ding, L. Zhang, Rana X. Adhikari, B. Machenschalk, V. Quetschke, David B. Tanner, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, E. Black, M. W. Regehr, Martin M. Fejer, J. R. Smith, R. Bork, T. Nash, C. Gray, Peter H. Sneddon, A. Sazonov, M. Pedraza, Maria Alessandra Papa, Kent Blackburn, A. M. Sintes, J. Garofoli, Lee Samuel Finn, Robert J. McCarthy, K. Kawabe, B. Rivera, I. Yakushin, Linqing Wen, M. Mageswaran, Guenakh Mitselmakher, J. A. Giaime, Eric K. Gustafson, R. Zhu, L. Sievers, Thomas Cokelaer, M. Barnes, Julien Sylvestre, Timothy Evans, T. T. Lyons, L. Wallace, R. Frey, P. J. King, D. Grimmett, Philip Nutzman, A. G. Wiseman, R. Coldwell, D. C. Coyne, Albert Lazzarini, D. Sigg, S. W. Ballmer, Joseph D. Romano, C. King, G. Moreno, Kasem Mossavi, J. G. Rollins, A. Ivanov, W. R. Johnston, David Crooks, P. Csatorday, T. Delker, P. R. Williams, J. Logan, R. K. Nayak, M. V. Plissi, R. Rahkola, Lindon J. Robison, H. Radkins, Michael E Zucker, Helena Armandula, E. J. Elliffe, Hartmut Grote, A. Chandler, S. P. Vyachanin, Kevin M. Ryan, W. Tyler, D. Jungwirth, N. Hindman, P. E. Lindquist, Peter Aufmuth, Marco Aurelio Diaz, A. Parameswaran, V. Chickarmane, Raymond G. Beausoleil, B. Bhawal, R. Balasubramanian, S. J. Berukoff, Badri Krishnan, S. Márka, Antony C. Searle, Kenneth A. Strain, A. Weidner, R. A. Mercer, B. O'Reilly, Frank Seifert, Joseph M. Kovalik, C. Messenger, Morag M. Casey, M. Heurs, B. J. Winjum, W. Hua, B. J. Cusack, S. R. Rao, M. Ashley, Gregory M. Harry, M. Lei, T. Olson, Jolien D. E. Creighton, Lindy Blackburn, Chunglee Kim, A. Khan, V. Sandberg, Virginio Sannibale, David E. McClelland, Adrian C. Ottewill, K. Mailand, Krzysztof Belczynski, R. Mittleman, Nelson Christensen, A. Hartunian, and The LIGO Scientific Collaboration
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, MACHO PROJECT, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Primordial black hole, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Galactic halo, Binary black hole, 0103 physical sciences, 10. No inequality, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Astronomy, LIGO, Black hole, Intermediate-mass black hole, Stellar black hole
Abstract: We use data from the second science run of the LIGO gravitational-wave detectors to search for the gravitational waves from primordial black hole (PBH) binary coalescence with component masses in the range 0.2--$1.0 M_\odot$. The analysis requires a signal to be found in the data from both LIGO observatories, according to a set of coincidence criteria. No inspiral signals were found. Assuming a spherical halo with core radius 5 kpc extending to 50 kpc containing non-spinning black holes with masses in the range 0.2--$1.0 M_\odot$, we place an observational upper limit on the rate of PBH coalescence of 63 per year per Milky Way halo (MWH) with 90% confidence., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, to be submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Published: 2005

48. Search for gravitational waves from galactic and extra-galactic binary neutron stars

Author: Sanichiro Yoshida, B. F. Whiting, Graham Woan, Robert L. Byer, E. Maros, Stuart Reid, M. Rakhmanov, U. Weiland, E. J. Daw, C. Parameswariah, M. Coles, M. Guenther, Bernard F. Schutz, G. Stapfer, J. Langdale, Sandra E. Wiley, Michael D. Smith, Gabriela Gonzalez, Guido Mueller, J. W C McNabb, David Jones, Patrick Brady, A. Wilson, K. D. Zaleski, Roman Schnabel, D. Churches, Peter R. Saulson, D. Steussy, B. Sears, H. Yamamoto, N. A. Robertson, H. Ding, Vicky Kalogera, A. Rizzi, J. Mason, Alberto Vecchio, J. E. Brau, W. R. Johnston, F. Asiri, S. E. Whitcomb, C. Gray, M. Ito, P. Schwinberg, D. Webber, Carlo Ungarelli, Seiji Kawamura, Reinhard Prix, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, E. Black, Martin M. Fejer, A. Gillespie, J. S. Noel, T. Summerscales, J. R. Smith, S. Klimenko, T. Nash, C. A. Shapiro, Osamu Miyakawa, David H. Reitze, J. Hanson, Y. Hefetz, Gerhard Heinzel, C. Hardham, A. Sazonov, Lindon J. Robison, Benno Willke, Christian J. Killow, D. Rose, R. Desalvo, D. Kozak, W. O. Hamilton, Philippe Grandclément, P. J. Sutton, Kevin M. Carter, Haisheng Rong, C. Aulbert, Scott Koranda, L. Matone, C. A. Cantley, S. Killbourn, J. Castiglione, H. Overmier, P. Charlton, Michael Landry, Helena Armandula, E. J. Elliffe, Benjamin William Allen, R. McCarthy, Karsten Danzmann, M. C. Sumner, A. Ivanov, A. Di Credico, S. B. Anderson, David B. Tanner, James Whelan, L. Zhang, Alessandra Buonanno, Curt Cutler, G. Mendell, M. W. Regehr, V. Re, J. H. Romie, K. Bayer, I. A. Bilenko, S. Nagano, V. Dergachev, Ian Taylor, David J. Ottaway, F. J. Raab, V. Parameshwaraiah, G. Billingsley, H. Radkins, Linqing Wen, S. P. Vyachanin, O. Matherny, M. Pedraza, W. Tyler, B. Lantz, Rainer Weiss, A. Sibley, Maria Alessandra Papa, B. Barr, Shinji Miyoki, S. Chatterji, D. Chin, Peter Fritschel, P. G. Murray, J. Worden, J. A. Giaime, Stanislav Babak, Walid A. Majid, Erika D'Ambrosio, T. Etzel, A. Rüdiger, Duncan A. Brown, D. Redding, M. Malec, P. Hoang, S. Penn, J. H. Hough, Kent Blackburn, Karsten Kötter, Jordan Camp, Pamela J. Russell, S. Richman, Raymond G. Beausoleil, J. D. E. Creighton, I. Salzman, Joseph D. Romano, C. King, R. Balasubramanian, Oliver Jennrich, R. Riesen, J. Zweizig, L. Jones, Michele Zanolin, M. Hrynevych, S. Seel, Roland Schilling, Kasem Mossavi, R. Amin, R. M. S. Schofield, Brent Ware, M. Lubinski, A. S. Sengupta, E. Rotthoff, G. Newton, M. Ashley, K. A. Thorne, M. R. Smith, D. Ugolini, Carsten Fallnich, Stefan Hild, K. Mailand, Kip S. Thorne, R. W.P. Drever, Richard J. Abbott, Benjamin J. Owen, Rana X. Adhikari, Robert Spero, Soumya D. Mohanty, Matthew Evans, L. Cardenas, T. Findley, K. V. Tokmakov, D. Debra, N. Zotov, A. Chandler, D. Coyne, B. Bland, A. M. Gretarsson, V. P. Mitrofanov, M. C. Araya, K. Mason, T. Evans, Yi Pan, Kevin M. Ryan, B. Machenschalk, S. Ray-Majumder, S. E. Seader, A. Heptonstall, D. Cook, D. Ouimette, G. H. Sanders, R. Lawrence, M. Fine, Walter Winkler, Harald Lück, C. N. Colacino, J. Betzwieser, Lindy Blackburn, P. Ehrens, Stephen Fairhurst, A. Lazzarini, Richard J. K. Taylor, Gianpietro Cagnoli, Yi Chen, A. Bullington, M. Hennessy, Q. Z. Shu, L. Bogue, M. A. Barton, Chunglee Kim, G. Traylor, Thomas Corbitt, S. Wise, J. Myers, A. Marin, Akiteru Takamori, V. Sandberg, Suvadeep Bose, K. Y. Franzen, M. Hammond, B. Bochner, E. Messaritaki, Massimo Tinto, Sheila Rowan, S. Meshkov, Kenneth G. Libbrecht, S. Chelkowski, J. Kern, Robert Bennett, Laura Cadonati, K. Kawabe, C. Vorvick, W. Kells, B. J. Cusack, W. G. Anderson, Peter Shawhan, M. Tibbits, B. P. Abbott, T. T. Lyons, S. Vass, Susan M. Scott, Teviet Creighton, Herbert Walther, D. Busby, N. Hepler, X. Siemens, C. Wilkinson, S. R. Rao, A. Bunkowski, A. Ageev, F. Nocera, Jan Harms, G. Moreno, T. Regimbau, C. I. Torrie, Phil Willems, D. M. Strom, A. J. Weinstein, W. Wu, S. Liu, Keisuke Goda, Erik Katsavounidis, Adrian C. Ottewill, Vladimir B. Braginsky, K. Riles, Yousuke Itoh, Krzysztof Belczynski, David Crooks, R. Mittleman, Nelson Christensen, A. Hartunian, N. Hindman, S. Mukherjee, R. Coldwell, D. Sigg, W. W. Johnson, S. W. Ballmer, M. Hewitson, Morag M. Casey, M. Heurs, B. J. Winjum, I. Yakushin, C. Messenger, Guenakh Mitselmakher, M. Lormand, R. Zhu, L. Sievers, W. Hua, Thomas Cokelaer, D. Barker, S. Roddy, Gregory M. Harry, M. Lei, T. Olson, A. M. Sintes, A. Khan, P. Aufmuth, Lee Samuel Finn, Virginio Sannibale, David E. McClelland, M. Barnes, Julien Sylvestre, L. Wallace, R. Frey, P. J. King, D. Grimmett, I. Leonor, Philip Nutzman, A. G. Wiseman, S. Grunewald, J. Logan, R. K. Nayak, R. Rahkola, S. Wen, David H. Shoemaker, K. Reithmaier, F. Mann, J. Heefner, A. Stuver, Andreas Freise, A. Libson, Matthew Pitkin, B. Johnson, J. Chapsky, J. G. Rollins, S. Dhurandhar, M. Mageswaran, R. Wooley, T. Delker, P. R. Williams, H. Tariq, Eric K. Gustafson, I. Zawischa, Badri Krishnan, Antony C. Searle, V. Chickarmane, Frank Seifert, Joseph M. Kovalik, H. Ward, B. Bhawal, Michael E Zucker, S. J. Berukoff, R. Bork, John Veitch, Marco Aurelio Diaz, P. Csatorday, V. V. Frolov, M. MacInnis, A. Parameswaran, M. Fyffe, M. V. Plissi, Peter H. Sneddon, J. Garofoli, Hartmut Grote, K. Rawlins, D. Jungwirth, P. E. Lindquist, S. Márka, Kenneth A. Strain, A. Weidner, R. A. Mercer, C. Torres, B. O'Reilly, C. Barker, B. Rivera, D. Farnham, V. Schmidt, William E. Butler, Martin P McHugh, M. H. P. M. van Putten, S. Tilav, Richard L. Savage, Jeffrey A. Edlund, R. Burgess, Daniel C. Woods, D. I. Robertson, Roy Williams, K. S. Ganezer, K. Watts, Stefan Goßler, R. Gustafson, K. T. Reilly, Kevin C. Schlaufman, Herbert Welling, Nergis Mavalvala, B. C. Barish, A. Grant, Michele Vallisneri, Ik Siong Heng, R. J. Dupuis, and The LIGO Scientific Collaboration
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, templates, Andromeda Galaxy, Milky Way, X-ray binary, FOS: Physical sciences, rates, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, FORMS, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, EVENTS, SYSTEMS, 0103 physical sciences, Binary star, DETECTORS, ddc:530, TEMPLATES, RATES, LIGO, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, detectors, Physics, inspiraling compact binaries, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Astronomy, Local Group, ligo, PULSARS, Galaxy, pulsars, INSPIRALING COMPACT BINARIES, systems, forms, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik, events
Abstract: We use 373 hours ($\approx$ 15 days) of data from the second science run of the LIGO gravitational-wave detectors to search for signals from binary neutron star coalescences within a maximum distance of about 1.5 Mpc, a volume of space which includes the Andromeda Galaxy and other galaxies of the Local Group of galaxies. This analysis requires a signal to be found in data from detectors at the two LIGO sites, according to a set of coincidence criteria. The background (accidental coincidence rate) is determined from the data and is used to judge the significance of event candidates. No inspiral gravitational wave events were identified in our search. Using a population model which includes the Local Group, we establish an upper limit of less than 47 inspiral events per year per Milky Way equivalent galaxy with 90% confidence for non-spinning binary neutron star systems with component masses between 1 and 3 $M_\odot$., 20 pages, 12 figures, to be submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Published: 2005
Full Text: View/download PDF

49. First Edoardo Amaldi Conference on gravitational wave experiments

Author: Benno Willke, Karsten Danzmann, Rolf-Hermann Rinkleff, G. P. Newton, David Nicholson, Justin R. Shuttleworth, M. Schrempel, J.E. Logan, A. M. Campbell, Kenneth A. Strain, Walter Winkler, J. H. Hough, Harald Lück, Roland Schilling, Peter Aufmuth, V. Kose, N. A. Robertson, Bernard F. Schutz, M. Kühne, J. R. J. Bennett, H. Ward, Andreas Tünnermann, D. I. Robertson, Herbert Welling, and Albrecht Rüdiger
Subjects: Physics, Classical mechanics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Gravitational wave, Astrophysics
Published: 2005

50. Novel External-cavity Diode Laser With A Double-grating Design

Author: M. Laschek, Dieter Wandt, Andreas Tünnermann, and Herbert Welling
Subjects: Distributed feedback laser, Materials science, business.industry, Physics::Optics, Laser pumping, Injection seeder, Laser, Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser, Semiconductor laser theory, law.invention, Optics, law, Diode-pumped solid-state laser, Optoelectronics, business, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Tunable laser
Abstract: Broadly tunable external-cavity diode lasers with emission wavelengths in the visible and near-infrared spectral region are compact and reliable light sources, which are increasingly used in a variety of applications, including high resolution spectroscopy, gas sensing and metrology.
Published: 2005
Full Text: View/download PDF

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