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BACKGROUND: Little is known about characteristics of seasonal human coronavirus (HCoV) (NL63, 229E, OC43 and HKU1) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT). PATIENTS AND METHODS: this is a collaborative Spanish and European bone marrow transplantation groups retrospective multicentre study, which included allo-HCT recipients (adults and children) with upper and/or lower respiratory tract disease (U/LRTD) caused by seasonal HCoV diagnosed through multiplex PCR assays from January 2012 to January 2019. RESULTS: We included 402 allo-HCT recipients who developed 449 HCoV U/LRTD episodes. Median age of recipients was 46 years (range 0.3-73.8 years). HCoV episodes were diagnosed at a median of 222 days after transplantation. The most common HCoV subtype was OC43 (n=170, 38%). LRTD involvement occurred in 121 episodes (27%). HCoV infection frequently required hospitalization (18%), oxygen administration (13%) and intensive care unit (ICU) admission (3%). Three-month overall mortality after HCoV detection was 7% in the whole cohort and 16% in those with LRTD. We identified 3 conditions associated with higher mortality in recipients with LRTD: absolute lymphocyte count

La present tesi, al voltant de l’existència del violó tenor i el seu paper en la música espanyola dels segles XVI al XIX, basa la recerca en dos àmbits principals: d’una banda, clarifica els aspectes etimològics del terme ‘violón’ tot determinant a quin instrument corresponia aquest terme en cada època i lloc. D’altra banda, aporta evidències que avalen l’existència, i ús, del violó tenor en la música espanyola d’aquest període. La recerca sobre l’etimologia es basa en la consulta de documentació civil diversa: actes, diccionaris històrics, partitures, tractats, etc.. La recerca al voltant de violó tenor contempla diversos vessants: en primer lloc, inclou una base de dades d’aproximadament cinc-centes partitures (amb parts destacades de violó, en funcions diferents a les de l’acompanyament continu) procedents del buidat exhaustiu d’una trentena d’arxius espanyols. D’aquestes partitures s’analitzen detalladament setanta-sis obres que aporten dades objectives sobre clau, àmbit i nota mediana de la tessitura emprada, que són fonamentals per a determinar les característiques de l’instrument idoni per a interpretar cada una d’aquestes parts. En segon lloc, s’inclou una base de dades que cataloga violons espanyols dels segles XVII i XVIII, en la que es constata l’existència d’instruments amb característiques de violons tenors. Finalment, una darrera base de dades amb obres d’art hispàniques dels segles XVI al XVIII en les que hi ha representacions de violons que completen la informació sobre la diversitat organològica dels violons en aquella època. Aquesta recerca s’ha fet comparant els resultats obtinguts amb resultats d’estudis sobre casos similars en la música europea del mateix període. El resultat i la discussió de les dades obtingudes porten a concloure que el violó tenor, en les seves diverses versions, va tenir un espai propi, encara que minoritari, en la música espanyola entre els segles XVI i XIX. La presente tesis, acerca de la existencia del violón tenor y su papel en la música española de los siglos XVI al XIX, basa su investigación en dos áreas principales: en primer lugar, clarifica los aspectos etimológicos del término ‘violón’, determinando a qué instrumento correspondía este término en cada época y lugar. Por otro lado, aporta evidencias que avalan la existencia, y uso, del violón tenor en la música española de ese período. La investigación acerca de la etimología está basada en la consulta de documentación civil diversa: actas, diccionarios históricos, partituras, tratados, etc.. La investigación acerca del violón tenor contempla diversos aspectos: en primer lugar, incluye una base de datos de aproximadamente quinientas partituras (con partes destacadas de violón, en funciones distintas a las del acompañamiento continuo), provenientes del vaciado exhaustivo de una treintena de archivos españoles. De estas partituras se muestra un análisis detallado de setenta y seis obras que aportan datos objetivos sobre clave, ámbito y nota mediana de la tesitura empleada, que resultan fundamentales para determinar las características del instrumento ideal para interpretar cada una de esas partes. En segundo lugar, se incluye una base de datos que cataloga violones españoles de los siglos XVII y XVIII, en la que se constata la existencia de instrumentos con características de violones tenores. Finalmente, una última base de datos con obras de arte hispánicas de los siglos XVI al XVIII en las que se representan violones que completan la diversidad organológica de los violones de aquella época. Esta investigación se ha realizado comparando los resultados obtenidos con resultados de estudios sobre casos similares en la música europea del mismo período. El resultado y la discusión de los datos obtenidos llevan a la conclusión que el violón tenor, en sus distintas versiones, tuvo un espacio propio, aunque minoritario, en la música española entre los siglos XVI y XIX. The present thesis, based on the existence of the tenor violin in the Spanish music between the 16th and 19th centuries, focuses the research on two main areas: on the one hand, it clarifies the etymological aspects of the term ‘violón’ by determining which instrument this term corresponded in each era and each place. On the other hand, it provides evidence to support the existence and use of the tenor violin in Spanish music in this period. The etymological research is based on the consultation of various civil documents: deeds, historical dictionaries, scores, treatises, etc. The research on the tenor violin examines several aspects: first, it includes a database of about five hundred scores (with prominent violón parts) from about thirty Spanish archives. Of these, seventy-six works are analyzed in detail to provide objective data on the keys, range and pitch median of the tessitura employed, which is fundamental for determining the characteristics of the ideal instrument for performance of each. Secondly, it includes a database cataloging Spanish stringed instruments from the 17th and 18th centuries, confirming the existence of instruments with the characteristics of tenor violins. Finally, it presents a final database of Hispanic artworks from the 16th to the 18th centuries in which the representation of stringed instruments completes the information on the organological diversity of stringed instruments at that time. This research was carried out by comparing the results with the results of other studies on similar cases in European music of the same period. The results and the subsequent discussion of the data lead to the conclusion that the tenor violin, in its various forms, had a place of its own, albeit a minority one, in Spanish music between the 16th and 19th centuries. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Història de l'Art i Musicologia

There is limited information on the impact of CMV DNAemia episodes developing prior to engraftment (pre-CMV DNAemia) on clinical outcomes following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). This issue was addressed in the current retrospective multicenter study including 878 patients. All participant centers used preemptive antiviral therapy strategies for prevention of CMV disease. CMV DNA load in blood was monitored by real-time PCR assays. A total of 144 patients (cumulative incidence 16.5%, 95% CI, 14%-19%) had an episode of pre-CMV DNAemia at a median of 10 days after allo-HSCT. Patients who developed pre-CMV DNAemia had a significantly higher (P=

In this article the author glosses the constituent act of the Chant Teaching benefice in the town of Figueres (Empordà, Girona) in the first year of the 17th century. Created at the request of the Town Council on the 1st of January 1601, it was ratified by the episcopal authority on the 6th of November 1602. Chapel Master's obligations have been put on record in the foundation document, both the musical (choir intonation of antiphons and psalms, teaching to choir boys and priests, polyphonic works composition) and the extramusical ones (processions arranging), what in a sense shapes the survivorship of certain duties of the old praeccentor. Although pacting casuistry is the common in the contemporary Catalunya, one might point out the importance held by the document, with a view to the musical history of Girona regions. Dans cet article on trouve le document de creation du benefice du Maitrisse de Chant de la ville de Figueres (Empordà, Girona), dans le première année du XVIIe siècle. Crée à la demande de la Mairie de la ville le ler janvier 1601, il fit ratifié par l'autorité episcopale le 6 novembre 1602. Les devoirs du Maître de Chapelle, aussi bien les musicaux (intonation des antiphones et des salms dans le choeur, enseignement des enfants de choeur et du clergé, composition d'oeuvres plyphoniques), que les extramusicaux (ordénation des processions) apparaissent dans le document et configurent, d'une certaine façon, la survivance de certaines devoirs de l'ancien praeccentor. Quoique la casuistique des pactes soit l'habituelle dans la Catalogne de l'époque, il faut souligner l'importance que le document possède pour l'histoire musicale de Girona.

The potential role of active CMV infection in promoting acute Graft-versus-Host Disease (aGvHD) in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) remains a matter of debate. We further addressed this issue conducting a retrospective, observational, multicenter study of 632 patients subjected to allogeneic peripheral blood HSCT at 20 Spanish centers. Monitoring of CMV DNA load in plasma or whole blood was performed by real-time PCR assays. Cumulative incidence of CMV DNAemia was 48.9% (95% CI, 45%-52.9%), of any grade aGvHD, 45.6; 95% (CI, 41.3%-50.1%), and of grade II-IV aGvHD, 30.7 (95% CI, 24.9%-36.4%). Overall, development of CMV DNAemia at any level resulted in an increased risk of subsequent all grade (HR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.08 - 1.76; P=0.009) or grade II-IV (HR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.22 - 2.06; P=0.001) aGvHD. The increased risk of aGvHD linked to prior occurrence of CMV DNAemia was similar to the above when only clinically significant episodes were considered for the analyses (HR for all grade aGvHD, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.13 - 1.91; P=0.041, and HR for grade II-IV aGvHD, 1.53; 95% CI. 1.13-1.81; P=0.04). The CMV DNA doubling time in blood was comparable overall in episodes of CMV DNAemia whether followed by aGvHD or not. Whether CMV replication is a surrogate risk marker of aGvHD or it is causally involved is an important question to be addressed in future experimental research. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

The use of surface water impacted by wastewater treatment plant effluents for crop irrigation may imply the exposure of crops to contaminants of emerging concern. This research aims to evaluate under real field conditions if natural attenuation processes mitigate the concentration of 25 pharmaceuticals and transformation products (TPs) or if they are taken up by the crop (i.e. maize) inducing a potential risk to human health. The threshold of toxicological concern approach (TTC) has been used as a first screening for assessing possible risk to human health. Samples from different matrices (irrigation water, infiltrating water, agricultural soil, maize) were collected and analysed for pharmaceutical and TP content. Results demonstrate the attenuation of the majority of target contaminants. Consumption of maize does not pose any threat to human health; however additional toxicity test would be required for the metamizole TP 4AAA and the analgesic acetaminophen.

We conducted a multicenter interventional study to assess the efficacy of Therakos ECP to treat steroid-resistant graft-vs-host disease (SRes-GVHD) after allogeneic HSCT and to identify biomarkers of GVHD response. A total of 62 patients were treated for acute SRes-GVHD (n = 37) or chronic SRes-GVHD (n = 25). Median time to best response was 35 days (range, 28-85) and 90 days (range, 27-240) in acute and chronic SRes-GVHD, respectively. Overall, 27 patients (72.9%) with SRes-aGVHD responded to treatment (40.5% CR and 32.4% PR). The response rate was significantly higher in grade I-II than in grade III-IV aGVHD (100% vs 50.0%, respectively, P-value = .001). In chronic SRes-GVHD, 22 patients (88%) achieved a clinical response (24.0% CR and 64% PR). Response was higher in moderate than in severe SRes-cGVHD (100% vs 75%, P = .096). In both acute and chronic SRes-GVHD patients, the percentage of peripheral blood CD3(+)CD4(+) was higher and CD3(+)CD8(+) lower in responding than nonresponding patients. Acute SRes-GVHD responding patients presented a higher number of Treg cells (CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(low/-)) at day 0 (P = .028) than nonresponding patients, differences that were maintained over the observation period. Phenotypic analysis of T-cell maturation showed a trend toward reduction in TCD8 naive cells, along with an increased percentage of TCD8 Mem Efect T cells after starting ECP in responding patients. None of the studied serum cytokines displayed statistically significant changes in either acute or chronic SRes-GVHD. ECP is an effective treatment for patients with SRes-GVHD. Biomarkers could help guide decision-making on ECP treatment initiation and duration.

The soil application of pre-treated wastewater takes advantage of natural attenuation processes to treat wastewater while providing several environmental benefits. However, this practice may introduce Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) into the environment. The present study evaluates the attenuation of CECs during their infiltration through soil and soil amended with woodchips, in columns at laboratory-scale and in a pilot vegetation filter (VF). While in the soil column with woodchips, a decrease in the removal of target CECs is observed, in the VF, their attenuation improves when soil is amended with woodchips. It should be noted that VF results show a greater variability in the attenuation of CECs due to variables that at laboratory-scale were constant, such as initial concentration, irrigation loads or temperature.

Clinical trials show that nivolumab has remarkable activity against relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). However, the role of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) as consolidation therapy in these patients remains controversial. We performed a retrospective analysis of data from 74 patients treated with nivolumab. The overall response rate was 58% (30.6% complete responses). Treatment-related adverse events were reported in 56.8% of patients (grade =3 in 9.4%). The main reasons for nivolumab discontinuation were referral for transplantation (41.7% patients) and disease progression (37.5%). The 2 year overall survival (OS) rate was 52% for the whole series. Ultimately, 39 patients received alloHSCT. The cumulative incidence of grade II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease was 33.3% (grade III-IV in two patients). The cumulative incidence of non-relapse mortality was 13.2%. Among nivolumab responding patients, 2 year OS and progression free survival (PFS) were higher for patients who underwent consolidation with alloHSCT (77.5% vs. 42.6%, p=0.126; and 73.9% vs. 27.2%, p=0.025, respectively). Thus, efficacy and safety of nivolumab is comparable with that reported in previous clinical trials. The percentage of patients who bridged to transplantation was high, indicating a preference for Spanish physicians. These results suggest that consolidation alloHSCT increases OS and PFS.

The treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is adjusted according to cytogenetic risk factors and molecular markers. Cytarabine remains the main drug to treat AML, and several studies have explored the prognostic relevance of the genotype of cytarabine metabolizing enzymes in AML. Glucuronidation has been identified to be relevant in the cytarabine clearance, but there are still few data concerning the clinical impact of genetic polymorphisms known to condition the activity of UDP-glucuronosyl transferases in AML patients. Here we report the association between the UGT1A1 rs8175347 genotype and the clinical outcome of 455 intermediate-risk cytogenetic AML patients receiving cytarabine-based chemotherapy. Patients with the UGT1A1*28 homozygous variant (associated to a lower UGT1A1 activity) had a lower overall survival (OS) (25.8% vs. 45.5%; p: 0.004). Multivariate analysis confirmed this association (p: 0.008; HR: 1.79; 95% CI: 1.16-2.76). Subgroup analysis showed the negative effect of the UGT1A1*28 homozygous genotype on OS in women (14.8% vs. 52.7%; p: 0.001) but not in men. This lower OS was associated with longer neutropenia after consolidation chemotherapy and with higher mortality without previous relapse, suggesting an association between a low glucuronidation activity and mortal toxic events.

Little is known about characteristics of seasonal human coronavirus (HCoV) (NL63, 229E, OC43 and HKU1) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT).

Solar selective coatings based on carbon transition metal carbide nanocomposite absorber layers were designed. Pulsed filtered cathodic arc was used for depositing amorphous carbon: metal carbide (a-C:MeC, Me = V, Mo) thin films. Composition and structure of the samples were characterized by ion beam analysis, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The optical properties were determined by ellipsometry and spectrophotometry. Three effective medium approximations (EMA), namely Maxwell-Garnett, Bruggeman, and Bergman, were applied to simulate the optical behaviour of the nanocomposite thin films. Excellent agreement was achieved between simulated and measured reflectance spectra in the entire wavelength range by using the Bergman approach, where in-depth knowledge of the nanocomposite thin film microstructure is included. The reflectance is shown to be a function of the metal carbide volume fraction and its degree of percolation, but not dependent on whether the nanocomposite microstructure is homogeneous or a self-organized multilayer. Solar selective coatings based on an optimized a-C:MeC absorber layer were designed exhibiting a maximum solar absorptance of 96% and a low thermal emittance of ~5 and 15% at 25 and 600ºC, respectively. The results of this study can be considered as predictive design tool for nanomaterial-based optical coatings in general.

In situ processing and comprehensive characterization is essential for design and development of materials used and processed at high-temperatures. Here, a new cluster tool for processing and depth-resolved compositional, structural and optical characterization of layered materials with thicknesses ranging from sub-nm to 1 μm at temperatures of -100 to 1000 °C is described [1]. The implemented techniques comprise magnetron sputtering, ion irradiation, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry. The combination of techniques enables sample processing by scalable, clean, waste-free, and industry-relevant technologies, quantitative depth-profiling for elements with Z ≥ 6, structural and chemical characterization, sensitivity and nm-precise thickness and optical information for single layers, multilayers and composites. In this study, the cluster tool was used for i) metal-induced crystallization with layer-exchange of a-Si/ Ag layer stacks, and ii) for hightemperature characterization of two types of solar-selective coatings for concentrated solar power (CSP), namely Al Ti (O N )-based single and multilayers [2, 3] and an n-type doped solar-selective transparent conductive oxide [4]. Starting with an a-Si/ Ag bilayer stack, metal-induced silicon crystallization with partial layer exchange occurs at 540 °C. The final stack is approximately described by the sequence crystalline Si (c-Si)/ Ag/ c-Si. All the layers contain minor fractions of the other element. Moreover, the Si volume fraction comprises approximately 10 % of amorphous Si. For the CSP coatings, no compositional and structural changes were found up to a maximum temperature of 840 °C in vacuum. Both types of solar-selective coatings thus represent promising materials for the next generation of CSP technology. [1] R. Wenisch et al., Anal. Chem. 90, 7837-7824 (2018) [2] I. Heras et al., Sol. Energy Mat. Solar Cells, 176, 81-92 (2018) [3] R. Escobar-Galindo et al., Sol. Energy Mat. Solar Cells, 185, 183-191 (2018) [4] F. Lungwitz et al., submitted (2018) Financial support by the EU, grant No. 645725, project FRIENDS , and the HGF via the W3 program (S.G.) is gratefully acknowledged.

One of the major challenges in Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) implies an increase of the working temperature of the solar receiver. In particular, current central tower systems operate at maximum temperatures of 550 ºC mainly due to the severe degradation that the state of the art absorber paints (i.e. Pyromark®) suffer at higher temperatures. In previous works [1,2] aluminum titanium oxynitrides AlyTi1-y(OxN1-x) were shown to be excellent candidate materials for solar selective coatings (SSC). These results confirmed that the designed SSCs based on materials withstand breakdown at 600 ºC in air after 900 hours of thermal cycling. In this paper we discuss the high temperature (up to 700ºC) stability in air of a solar absorber coating based on AlyTi1-y(OxN1-x) deposited by cathodic vacuum arc (CVA) at higher working pressure (P = 2.1 Pa) than those discussed in [1] and [2]. The composition, morphology and microstructure of the films were characterized by ion beam analysis, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The optical properties were determined by ellipsometry and spectrophotometry (UV-Vis-NIR, FTIR). The microstructural and morphological characterization shows the formation of a solid solution of AlTiN crystalline nanoparticles embedded in an amorphous Al2(O, N)3 matrix. This particular microstructure results in a coating with a high absorption coefficient within the whole wavelength range of interest (0,3 to 25 um) as modeled by spectroscopic ellipsometry. Hence, this single layer absorber shows a solar absorptance, α, of 92% and an emissivity, εRT, of 70%. The addition of an antireflective Al2O3 layer and post deposition thermal treatments improved the optical properties of the absorber to better values (α=96% and εRT=60%) than those of Pyromark®. The thermal stability in air of the absorber was firstly analyzed by cyclic heating tests, showing no degradation after 300h of cycles in air at 700ºC. Subsequently, the samples were tested in a solar furnace at 650 °C and 800 ºC for 12 hours at environmental conditions. Therefore, this absorber coating can be a feasible alternative to absorber paints for next generation of concentrated solar power plants operating at high temperature. [1] I. Heras et al., Sol. Energy Mat. Solar Cells, 176, 81-92 (2018) [2] R. Escobar-Galindo et al., Sol. Energy Mat. Solar Cells, 185, 183-191 (2018)