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Mesenteric ischemia is a surgical emergency caused by poor blood supply to the intestines. In ischemia, the decrease in blood flow to the tissue causes acidosis and cell death through anaerobic metabolism. Clinoptilolite is one of the most abundant natural zeolites, and it is used for its ion exchange and adsorbent properties. Clinoptilolite has been reported to have an immune-enhancing, anti-carcinogenic, and antioxidant effect in-vitro/in-vivo studies. Clinoptilolite’s histological and biochemical effects on ischemic small intestines.

The AgNPs‐Rsvl complex was investigated for its anti‐cancer effects on human breast cancer cell lines. The UV–vis spectrophotometer was used to perform synthesized AgNPs‐Rsvl binding analyses. The size and morphology of the AgNPs were determined by field emission gun‐transmission electron microscopy (FEG‐TEM). The surface chemical signatures of AgNPs nanocomposites were assessed using FT‐IR spectroscopy, and the zeta potential (ζ potential) of various AgNPs colloids was measured using the Zetasizer Nano ZS analyzer. Cell proliferation was analyzed using the XTT method and cell apoptosis was analyzed using the AnnexinV‐fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/PI method. The effects of resveratrol were evaluated on human breast cancer cell lines (MDA‐MB‐231 and MCF‐7). As a result of flow cytometry, a decrease in viability was observed in the MDA‐MB‐231 cells, and an increase in early apoptotic, late apoptotic, and necrotic values was observed. Resveratrol arrests the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase but when used with AgNPs, the cell cycle arrests at the S phase. The combination of resveratrol and AgNPs exhibited a cytotoxic effect on cancer cells, with MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells being the most sensitive to AgNPs‐Rsvl. Resveratrol and AgNPs arrested the cell cycle and increased apoptosis, indicating their potential use in breast cancer treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, ethanol extracts of some wild mushroom species, in the phylum Basidiomycota, (Armillaria mellea (Vahl) P. Kumm., Infundibulicybe geotropa (Bull.) Harmaja, Leucopaxillus gentianeus (Quél.) Kotl. and Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd) were tested for their antioxidant, antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and cytotoxic activities. Mushroom samples showed low antimicrobial activity on Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus, while biofilm inhibitory activity on test microorganisms ranged from 24.6% to 80.5%. At the end of the antioxidant activity studies, A. mellea was the mushroom sample having the highest DPPH radical scavenging capacity (0.105±0.001 mg/mL) whereas T. versicolor was the one having the highest iron (III) ion reducing power (40.709±0.003 µg TE/100g). The highest polyphenol content was observed in T. versicolor (29.916±0.002 mg GAE/100g) samples, and the lowest in A. mellea (9.5±0.006 mg GAE/100g) samples. The cytotoxic effects of the samples were tested on MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer) and L929 (mouse fibroblast) cell lines using the MTT method. As a result, it was observed that A. mellea and T. versicolor samples were more effective on the MCF-7 cell line, and A. mellea on MDA-MB-231 cell line. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The most frequent benign gynecological tumor in women who are fertile, uterine myoma significantly lowers quality of life. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and oxidative stress (OS) play a role in the development of numerous disease states, including gynecological disorders. In order to determine the ERS and OS levels activated in women with uterine myoma, we sought to measure Total Oxidant Status (TOS) level, Glucose regulatory protein 78 (GRP78), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) expression, and protein levels. A total of 40 women with uterine myomas and 40 healthy women were included in the study. Serum levels of TOS, GRP78, CHOP, and protein levels were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) performed the mRNA levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated molecules GRP78 and CHOP. The TOS levels, GRP78 and CHOP protein levels were significantly higher in women with myomas than in the controls, with values of p = 0.009, p = 0.001, and p = 0.0001, respectively. GRP78 and CHOP expression increased in women with myomas and were significantly higher than the control group used (p < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that GRP78 and CHOP are promising biomarkers for uterine myomas (area under the curve (AUC): 0.953, AUC: 0.969, p < 0.001, respectively). Oxidative and ERS may play a vital role in the pathophysiology of the disease due to the increased levels of oxidative and ERS markers in women with uterine myomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The epoch of Nano-biomaterials and their application in the field of medicine and dentistry has been long-lived. The application of nanotechnology is extensively used in diagnosis and treatment aspects of oral diseases. The nanomaterials and its structures are being widely involved in the production of medicines and drugs used for the treatment of oral diseases like periodontitis, oral carcinoma, etc. and helps in maintaining the longevity of oral health. Chitosan is a naturally occurring biopolymer derived from chitin which is seen commonly in arthropods. Chitosan nanoparticles are the latest in the trend of nanoparticles used in dentistry and are becoming the most wanted biopolymer for use toward therapeutic interventions. Literature search has also shown that chitosan nanoparticles have anti-tumor effects. This review highlights the various aspects of chitosan nanoparticles and their implications in dentistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we investigate the inhibitory potential of a series of hydrazide derivatives bearing different substituents with the pyridazine structure (5 a–i and 6 a–f) against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) using a modified Ellman's method. The inhibitory profiles of the synthesized compounds were assessed by comparing their IC50 and Ki values. Our results demonstrate that all the compounds exhibit significant inhibitory activity against both AChE and BChE when compared to the reference compound, tacrine. Particularly, compound 6 a exhibited the highest activity against Electrophorus electricus AChE (EeAChE) with a Ki value of 3.26 nM, while compound 5 a displayed the most potent inhibition against equine BChE (eqBChE) with a Ki value of 0.94 nM. The compounds did not possess significant cytotoxicity action using the MTT assay on the cancer cell lines. The DPPH assays revealed that all the compounds have moderate antioxidant activities. Furthermore, molecular docking studies provided valuable insights into the interaction mechanisms of these compounds within the active sites of AChE and BChE crystal structures (PDB ID: 4EY7 and 4BDS, respectively). The above results indicated that the pyridazine‐based compounds were a promising functional agent for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pathological angiogenesis plays a critical role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression, and anti-angiogenesis therapies have evinced promising antitumor effects in solid tumors. Chalcone skeleton has been regarded as a potential antitumor agent that also targets angiogenesis. In this study, we designed twenty-one non-fluoro-substituted chalcones (13–18, 24–27) and saturated chalcone derivatives (19–23, 28–33) as anti-angiogenic compounds. During the initial stage, these compounds were assessed for their anti-cancer activities against MCF-7 cancer cell lines according to the MTT assay. The compounds revealed satisfactory anti-proliferative capability. An ex vivo fertilized hens' egg-chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) angiogenic study was conducted for the compounds to gauge their mortality and toxicity, which, in turn, revealed a potent anti-angiogenic effect. Eight compounds (16, 17, 21, 24, 26, 27, 29, and 31) significantly reduced densities of capillaries on CAM, whereas compounds 27 and 29 were the most effective anti-angiogenic agents, when compared with Suramin. Moreover, RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated that the anti-angiogenic activity was associated with the fold changes of VEGFR2. Molecular docking studies were conducted for compounds to investigate their mode of interaction within the binding site of VEGFR-2 kinases. This work provided a basis for further design, structural modification, and development of chalcone derivatives as new anti-angiogenic agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cirugía y Cirujanos is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Endometriosis is a gynecological disease associated with chronic pelvic inflammation, pain, and infertility. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a protein that can bind to ß-galactosides, which plays an important role in different biological processes according to the stages of the disease in patients with endometriosis. This study aimed to elucidate the importance of Gal-3 in endometriosis, to reveal its potential power as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker in disease etiopathogenesis. Materials and Methods: The serum concentration of Gal-3 and cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) from whole blood were measured using enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) and an auto-analyzer, respectively. Gal-3 expression was determined by quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) from peripheral blood. Results: We found significant differences for Gal-3 expression levels between the endometriosis and control groups (p <0.05). Gal-3 levels in the serum of women with endometriosis are also remarkably increased compared with the control group. Conclusion: Galectin-3 can play critical functions in the development and progression of endometriosis, so, further studies are needed in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]