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Pseudobagarius eustictus, new species, is described from the Nam Heung drainage (a tributary of the Mekong River) in northern Laos. It is distinguished from congeners in having a unique combination of the following characters: a weakly-produced snout in which the upper jaw extends only slightly beyond the margin of the lower jaw when viewed ventrally, 3 tubercles on the posterior margin of the pectoral spine, eye diameter 8% HL, head width 24.1% SL, dark yellow dorsal and lateral surfaces of the head, pectoral spine lacking elongate extensions, pectoral fin reaching the pelvic-fin base when adpressed against the body, dorsolateral surfaces of body without longitudinal series of prominent tubercles, body depth at anus 13.7% SL, length of adipose-fin base 17.7% SL, caudal-peduncle depth 7.0% SL, and 33 vertebrae.

Silurichthys exortivus, a new species of silurid catfish, is described from the Mahakam River drainage in eastern Borneo. The new species can be distinguished from congeners in lacking a dorsal fin, having 4 (vs. 6–7) principal rays on the upper caudal-fin lobe and a combination of: body depth at anus 14.0% SL, caudal peduncle depth 5.1% SL, pelvic fins absent, 54 anal-fin rays, caudal fin with asymmetrical lobes (upper lobe 1.1 times longer than lower), 48 vertebrae, 1 gill raker on the first branchial arch, and a mottled brown body. Based on the reduced number of principal caudal-fin rays, S. exortivus, S. ligneolus and S. sanguineus are hypothesized to form an exclusively Bornean clade.

Ng, Heok Hee, Kottelat, Maurice (2022): A New Glyptosternine Catfish from Myanmar (Actinopterygii: Siluriformes: Sisoridae). Ichthyology & Herpetology 110 (2): 262-267, DOI: 10.1643/i2021056, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1643/i2021056

Bagarius vegrandis, new species, is described from the Chao Phraya and Mekong river drainages. It differs from congeners in having a small maximum body size (to 220 mm SL vs. 520–1400 mm SL) and the adipose-fin origin markedly posterior to (vs. at vertical through or very slightly posterior to) the anal-fin origin. It further differs from congeners in having the following unique combination of characters: ovoid unculiferous plaques on dorsal surface of head, lateral margin of frontal not significantly deflected dorsally, eye diameter 11–15% HL, interorbital distance 23–28% HL, head width 18.3–22.3% SL, head depth 11.1–14.1% SL, filamentous extensions to first pectoral-fin element reaching to anus, dorsal spine width 10.6–13.9 times in its length, body depth at anus 8.7–12.0% SL, neural spines of the 4–6 vertebrae immediately anterior to adipose fin distally flattened but not forming series of prominent bumps along dorsal midline, length of adipose-fin base 10.8–13.0% SL, caudal-peduncle length 19.0–22.4% SL, caudal-peduncle depth 3.2–4.2% SL, 19–20 preanal vertebrae, and 39–40 total vertebrae. Bagarius bagarius (Hamilton, 1822) is demonstrated to be a species restricted to the Indian subcontinent (with Bagrus yarrelli Sykes, 1839, Pimelodus platespogon Valenciennes, in Jacquemont, 1839 and Pimelodus carnaticus Jerdon, 1849 as junior subjective synonyms) and Bagarius lica Volz, 1903 resurrected from synonymy with B. yarrelli as a valid species from Southeast Asia.

A new species of Macrognathus of the M. aculeatus species group is described from the Kahayan River drainage in southern Borneo, Kalimantan Tengah, Indonesia. Macrognathus kris, new species, is distinguished from all Asian congeners in having the following unique combination of characters: rim of anterior nostril with two fimbriae and two fimbrules; 43–45 rostral tooth plates; 24–25 dorsal spines; 46–55 dorsal-fin rays; 51–59 anal-fin rays; 20–23 principal caudal-fin rays; 76–78 total vertebrae; body depth at anus 11.8–15.9% SL; color pattern consisting of light brown stripe on dorsum and 11–14 irregular pentagonal dark brown blotches on sides of body.

Nanobagrus fuscus is redescribed on the basis of fresh material collected from the Mentaya River drainage, Borneo. The identity of material from central Sumatra, the Malay Peninsula and western Borneo previously identified as this species is reidentified here as N. torquatus.

A new species of sisorid catfish in the genus Exostoma is described from the upper Irrawaddy River drainage in northern Myanmar. The new species can be distinguished from congeners by the condition of the posterior extremity of the adipose-fin base, the degree of tuberculation in the preorbital area, as well as morphometric data for the nasal barbel length, snout length, interorbital distance, adipose fin-base length, body depth at anus, caudal-peduncle length, and caudal-peduncle depth. The taxonomic status of congeners in the Irrawaddy River drainage is also discussed, and E. chaudhurii is revalidated as a distinct species.

A new species of amblycipitid catfish is here described from the Indawgyi Lake basin of the Irrawaddy River drainage in Kachin State, Myanmar as Amblyceps improcerum, new species. It can be distinguished from congeners in having a unique combination of the following characters: lower jaw longer than upper; head length 17.4–22.3% SL; head width 13.7–15.2% SL; head depth 9.0–11.7% SL; interorbital distance 31–39% HL; eye diameter 7–10% HL; 37–38 vertebrae; lateral line incomplete; predorsal length 25.5–30.7% SL; smooth posterior margin of pectoral spine; pectoral-fin length 13.5–16.8% SL; pelvic-fin length 9.6–13.4% SL; dorsal-to-adipose distance 25.2–28.7% SL; length of adipose-fin base 19.4–23.3% SL; adipose fin separate from dorsal procurrent caudal-fin rays; preanal length 62.1–66.9% SL; body depth at anus 9.8–12.8% SL; depth of caudal peduncle 10.1–12.6% SL; length of caudal peduncle 21.4–24.0% SL, post-adipose distance 15.8–17.8% SL; weakly-forked caudal fin with short broadly, rounded lobes (length of longest ray 1.3–1.5 times length of median rays); centrally projecting hooks on proximal lepidotrichia of median caudal-fin rays absent.

A new species of glyptosternine catfish in the genus Exostoma is described in this study. The new species, E. ericinum, is known from the upper Dayingjiang (=Taping River) drainage in southwestern China and is distinguished from congeners in having an unique combination of the following characters: 42–44 vertebrae; parallel striae on anterolateral surfaces of lips and lower surface of maxillary barbel; interorbital distance 26–31% HL; preanal length 67.7–70.5% SL; body depth at anus 10.4–12.0% SL (1.4–1.9 times in caudal peduncle depth); length of adipose-fin base 39.5–43.0% SL; lacking an incision at posterior extremity of adipose-fin base; caudal peduncle length 23.2–26.2% SL; caudal peduncle depth 5.7–7.9% SL; and caudal-fin lobes with slightly concave posterior margin.

Pterocryptis subrisa, a new species of silurid catfish from the Kaladan River drainage in northeastern India, is described in this study. It can be distinguished from congeners by the unique combination of the following characters: supralabial fold extending posteriorly beyond vertical through posterior orbital margin; nearly circular eye; head length 17.6–19.6% SL; head depth 10.6–11.9% SL; dorsal-fin height 2.6–4.7% SL; 2 dorsal-fin rays; pectoral-fin length 11.8–14.0% SL; body depth at anus 14.4–16.7% SL; caudal peduncle depth 6.8–8.5% SL; 66–75 anal-fin rays; confluent anal and caudal fins separated by deep notch; 17 principal caudal-fin rays; and 57 vertebrae. The generic status of Pterocryptis taytayensis is discussed, with this species being reassigned to Ompok.

Glyptothorax forabilis, new species, and G. porrectus, new species, are described from the Bolaven Plateau in southern Laos. Both species closely resemble G. laosensis, but can be distinguished from it and other Indochinese congeners by combinations of color pattern, morphometry (with particular regards to the eye, body depth, and caudal peduncle) and thoracic adhesive apparatus morphology. Both species are endemic to the Bolaven Plateau, have a very limited distribution and are threatened by hydropower and agricultural activities.

We describe a new genus and species of bagrid catfish from the Kreung Babah Rot drainage in northwestern Sumatra. This new taxon is distinguished from confamilials by the following combination of characters: anguilliform body, reduced supraoccipital posterior process, absence of first dorsal spinelet, first proximal dorsal-fin radial inserting on 4th vertebra, first dorsal-fin lepidotrich ossified into spine, anterior edge of pectoral spine smooth, adipose fin in contact with base of last dorsal-fin ray, anal fin with 26 rays, and caudal fin with 17 principal rays.

Glyptothorax forabilis, new species, and G. porrectus, new species, are described from the Bolaven Plateau in southern Laos. Both species closely resemble G. laosensis, but can be distinguished from it and other Indochinese congeners by combinations of color pattern, morphometry (with particular regards to the eye, body depth, and caudal peduncle) and thoracic adhesive apparatus morphology. Both species are endemic to the Bolaven Plateau, have a very limited distribution and are threatened by hydropower and agricultural activities.

The recent discovery and description of an unusually puzzling catfish, Kryptoglanis shajii Vincent and Thomas (2011) from ground and surface waters in Kerala State, southwestern, peninsular India, added an unresolved taxon to the order Siluriformes. Here we use high-resolution X-ray computed tomography (HRXCT) and X-radiography to illustrate, describe and compare the bony skeleton of Kryptoglanis with the objective of determining its phylogenetic position. Several characteristics of Kryptoglanis are strongly modified and structurally complex, setting this catfish apart from other siluriforms. Striking examples are its greatly shortened mesethmoid with overlapping frontals; non-tubular nasal bone; absence of the infraorbital lateralis sensory canal and canal bones but with an apparent antorbital bone; the flat and expansive orbitosphenoid; the vaulted supraoccipital-Weberian neural arch joint; the fenestrated occipital wall; the upwardly flexed occipito-vertebral joint; three pairs of elongated a...

This study reviews the current distribution of the native Asian common walking catfish (Clarias batrachus) within Singapore, and compares the present distribution to its historical distribution in the last 90 years based on literature records and museum material. We record a severe decline in the distribution of C. batrachus in Singapore concomitant with a sharp increase in the distribution of the invasive African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus). We review evidence suggesting that the introduction and the establishment of the African sharptooth catfish in Singapore have adversely affected the Asian common walking catfish. The potential displacement by the African sharptooth catfish of the Asian common walking catfish—itself a widespread invader in other parts of Asia and North America—is particularly interesting as an example of a notorious invasive species becoming threatened by an exotic within its own native range.

We resolve the identity of the glass catfish, a species of Asian freshwater fish commonly encountered as an ornamental fish and an experimental subject that has long been misidentified as either Kryptopterus bicirrhis or K. minor. Our study indicates that the glass catfish is an unnamed species distinct from either, which we describe here as Kryptopterus vitreolus. Kryptopterus vitreolus is known from river drainages in peninsular and southeastern Thailand, and is distinguished from congeners in having a combination of: transparent body in life, maxillary barbels reaching beyond the base of the first anal-fin, dorsal profile with a pronounced nuchal concavity, snout length 29–35% head length (HL), eye diameter 28–34% HL, slender body (depth at anus 16–20% standard length (SL)) and caudal peduncle (depth 4–7% SL), 14–18 rakers on the first gill arch, and 48–55 anal-fin rays.

The species of Glyptothorax of Sundaic Southeast Asia (Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo and Java) are revised in this study. A total of 17 species are recognized, of which six (G. amnestus, G. decussatus, G. famelicus, G. keluk, G. pictus and G. stibaros) are described as new here. A lectotype is designated for G. platypogon. The Sundaic Glyptothorax species are diagnosed by combinations of color pattern, morphometry (with particular regard to the eye, head, body depth, and caudal peduncle), dorsal-spine and thoracic adhesive apparatus morphology.

We describe Olyra praestigiosa, a new anguilliform bagrid catfish, from the Brahmaputra River drainage in Bangladesh and northeastern India. The new species differs from congeners in having the following unique combination of characters: interorbital distance 30-37% HL; body depth at anus 6-9% SL; length of adipose-fin base 99-16% SL; adipose fin separate from upper principal caudal-fin rays; post-adipose distance 15-18% SL; 17-22 anal-fin rays; caudal peduncle length 14-19% SL; and caudal peduncle depth 6-8% SL.

This study re-examined the taxonomic status of the sisorid catfishes usually identified as Glyptothorax zanaensis using a combination of morphometric and molecular data. Our results resurrect Glyptothorax longinema from the synonymy of G. zanaensis, and we describe two previously unnamed species as Glyptothorax granosus sp. nov. and Glyptothorax fucatus sp. nov. All four species are diagnosed and described in detail. Truss-based morphometrics combined with principal component analysis (PCA) detected three principal components (PCs) that can explain 86% of the total variation amongst species, which mainly reflect the characteristics of body depth, related depth, adhesive apparatus length, pectoral-fin length, caudal peduncle length, and barbel lengths. We also generated a phylogenetic hypothesis of these species using concatenated mitochondrial cytochrome b and d-loop gene sequences. Molecular dating analysis revealed a rapid speciation of Glyptothorax in the south-eastern corner of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau from the middle Pliocene to early Pleistocene. A key to identify the Glyptothorax species from the Salween River drainage is also provided. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 165, 363–389.

Clarias microspilus, a new species of walking catfish is described from the short coastal rivers draining the western face of the Leuser Mountain Range and debouching into the Indian Ocean in Nangroe Aceh Darussalam province, northern Sumatra, Indonesia. It can be distinguished from Southeast Asian congeners in having a combination of the following characters: distance between the tip of the occipital process and the base of the first dorsal-fin ray 6.5-9.2 % SL; body depth at anus 14.9-18.9 % SL; head width 18.6-21.7 % SL; head depth 12.9-16.0 % SL; interorbital distance 40.5-44.5 % HL; occipital process width 31.7-40.8% HL; 64-68 dorsal-fin rays; 51-56 anal-fin rays; anterior tip of frontal fontanel reaching line through middle of orbit; anterior margin of pectoral spine with 22-34 serrations and posterodorsal margin smooth.

Summary 1. Identifying the ecological and life-history correlates of local extinction may elucidate mechanisms by which species traits and the environment interact to result in extinctions, and will help to predict and target extinction-prone species for inclusion in conservation programmes. Freshwater habitats are known to be highly threatened in Southeast Asia but the correlates of extinction among tropical freshwater fish remains unclear. 2. To bridge this knowledge gap, we examined extinction correlates of the freshwater fish of Singapore using machine learning methods: conditional inference trees and forests. Singapore is an ideal study site as it has experienced a high degree of habitat loss and has a well-studied ichthyofauna compared with other countries in the region. 3. The local range of a species was the only significant predictor of extinctions: range-restricted species were more likely to go extinct. 4. Other traits found to be important predictors of extinction risk in temperate regions or hypothesized to predict extinctions based on theory included regional geographic distribution, vertical position, feeding guild, body size, number of congeners, air-breathing capability and habitat preference. These factors did not appear to drive extinctions of freshwater fish in Singapore, although forest-dependent species are more likely to have a restricted local range. 5. Synthesis and applications. Local extinctions of freshwater fish in Singapore are random with respect to ecological and life-history traits because habitat loss is responsible for the removal of entire populations. The fish fauna of Southeast Asia is so poorly known that intensive field surveys are required to identify hotspots of freshwater fish endemism which may be vulnerable to future extinction. These hotspots should then be incorporated into national conservation plans. Where complete habitat protection is not possible, for example, in existing logging concessions and plantations, local authorities should establish partnerships with management companies to ameliorate impacts on fish fauna. Within Singapore, the Nee Soon Swamp Forest is one such hotspot of fish endemism and must be conserved to protect the last populations of five fish species endemic to this location on the island.

We have recorded 54 species of non-native or alien freshwater fishes from 14 of the 15 reservoirs in Singapore. 31 of these species are established and breeding in the reservoirs. Three species (Mystus wolffii, Amphilophus citrinellum, and Satanoperca jurupari) represent new alien records for Singapore.

South American freshwater stingrays of the family Potamotrygonidae have long been popular worldwide as ornamentals in the aquarium trade. Despite this, there have so far not been any reported cases of their establishment elsewhere in the world. Here, we document the ocellate river stingray, Potamotrygon motoro, as having established itself in Singapore. This represents the first alien record of a South American freshwater stingray outside the Neotropics.

Tachysurus spilotus, a new species of catfish from central Vietnam, is described. It can be distinguished from congeners except T. argentivittatus, T. longispinalis, and T. virgatus in having a color pattern consisting of black longitudinal stripes on a pale body (vs. with a uniform-colored body with pale patches or transverse bands on a dark body, or with dark rectangular patches on a pale body). It differs from both T. argentivittatus and T. virgatus in snout shape and having gently convex (vs. straight) posterior edges of the caudal-fin lobes; and from T. longispinalis in having a shorter dorsalfin spine (ca. 27% SL vs. 15.1–19.0) and maxillary barbels (shorter, vs. longer than head). Tachysurus mica is shown here to be conspecific with—and a junior synonym of—T. argentivittatus.

Ompok brevirictus, a new species of silurid catfish is described from the short coastal rivers draining the western face of the Leuser Mountain Range and debouching into the Indian Ocean in Nangroe Aceh Darussalam province, northern Sumatra. Ompok brevirictus can be distinguished from Ompok siluroides and O. miostomus, the Southeast Asian congeners that it most resembles, in having an evenly convex predorsal profile (vs. with a concavity posterior to orbit) and a more prominent lower jaw that is more broadly curving. Ompok brevirictus additionally differs from O. siluroides in having the mouth rictus separated from the anterior orbital margin by a distance of one-third (vs. less than one-third) eye diameter (4.2–5.2% HL vs. 3.2–3.7) and lacking (vs. with) a distinct dark wedge-shaped spot on the base of the caudal fin. The identity of the Southeast Asian material usually identified as O. bimaculatus is also clarified. Ompok bimaculatus is restricted to the Indian subcontinent and Myanmar in this study; the Southeast Asian material previously identified as conspecific is hereby referred to either O. siluroides or O. miostomus.

Amblyceps protentum is described herein as a new species of amblycipitid catfish from the Salween River drainage in western Thailand. It can be distinguished from Indochinese congeners except for A. kurzii by a more elongate, slender body most evident in the smaller body depth at anus (8.0–11.0% SL vs. 10.7–16.9) and caudal peduncle depth (8.0–10.3% SL vs. 10.1–15.9). It differs from A. kurzii in having a longer adipose-fin base (18.8–22.7% SL vs. 15.1–18.3) and larger eye (diameter 6.9–8.8% HL vs. 5.1–5.8). Amblyceps protentum is further diagnosed by the following combination of characters: predorsal length 24.1–28.9% SL, length of dorsal-fin base 10.5–13.2% SL, dorsal-to-adipose distance 26.3–32.2% SL; head width 12.1–15.0% SL, total vertebrae 41–42, an incomplete lateral line and deeply forked caudal fin with poorly-developed projections on proximal lepidotrichia of median rays. The taxonomic status of A. caecutiens and A. kurzii are discussed and a neotype designated for A. caecutiens. This n...

Mystus cineraceus, new species, is described from the Irrawaddy River drainage in northern Myanmar. It is distinguished from congeners in having a unique combination of a long-based adipose fin (40.9–45.9% SL) that contacts the base of the last dorsal-fin ray anteriorly, a color pattern consisting of a uniform brownish-gray body with a diffuse dark midlateral line and a diffusely dark tympanic region (very indistinct in some individuals), 13–15 rakers on the first gill arch, dorsal-fin spine length 10.9–13.4% SL, body depth at anus 20.7–23.4% SL, head length 24.1–27.2% SL, maxillary barbel reaching to middle of anal-fin base (247.4–345.0% HL), absence of a black spot at the base of the dorsal-fin spine and at the base of the caudal fin, and cranial fontanel reaching the base of the supraoccipital spine. The issues surrounding the identification of M. bleekeri, a species from India similar to M. cineraceus, are also discussed.

The bagrid catfish Batasio merianiensis was described from only the holotype collected in the Brahmaputra River drainage, Assam, northeastern India. This poorly known catfish is rediagnosed and redescribed on the basis of fresh material in this study. Batasio merianiensis is diagnosed from congeners in having a combination of the following characters: length of adipose-fin base 16.9-22.2 % SL, dorsal fin when appressed not reaching anterior origin of adipose fin, body depth at anus 15.2-18.4% SL, caudal peduncle depth 9.7-11.5% SL, eye diameter 18.3-25.9% HL, vertical dark brown bars on head and body, and absence of dark mid-dorsal stripe.

A second species of akysid catfish from the Sittang River drainage in Myanmar, Akysis portellus new species, is described in this study. It can be distinguished from congeners (except for A. brachybarbatus, A. fuliginatus, A. manipurensis, A. pictus, A. pulvinatus, A. prashadi, A. variegatus, A. varius, A. vespa and A. vespertinus) in having a smooth (vs. serrated) posterior edge of the pectoral spine. It is distinguished from A. brachybarbatus, A. fuliginatus, A. manipurensis, A. pictus, A. prashadi, A. pulvinatus, A. variegatus, A. varius, A. vespa and A. vespertinus in having a unique combination of: length of adipose-fin base 17.1-19.2% SL, caudal peduncle length 19.1-22.0% SL, caudal peduncle depth 6.0-7.0% SL, gape width 9.5-11.1% HL, interorbital distance 30.8-36.8% HL, nasal barbel length 80.5-101.4% HL, maxillary barbel length 116.7-143.2% HL, inner mandibular barbel length 53.7-79.2% HL, outer mandibular barbel length 101.1-127.8% HL and caudal fin forked.

Glyptothorax plectilis sp. nov. is described from the Alas River drainage in northern Sumatra. It can be distinguished from congeners in Sundaland in having a combination of: length of adipose-fin base 12.9–16.7% SL, adipose maximum height 5.3–8.1% SL, caudal peduncle depth 8.4–10.6% SL, body depth at anus 15.3–18.6% SL, head length 25.3– 28.5% SL, snout length 47.9–53.8% HL, premaxillary teeth visible when mouth is closed, anterior and lateral edges of thoracic adhesive apparatus gently convex, diverging pattern of striae running along edges of central depression in thoracic adhesive apparatus, narrow v-shaped depression at posteromedial part of adhesive apparatus open posteriorly, and an almost uniformlycolored body. The taxonomic status of Sundaland Glyptothorax is also briefly discussed. New taxon: Glyptothorax plectilis Ng and Hadiaty

We describe a new species of amblycipitid catfish, Liobagrus aequilabris, from the Xiangjiang, a tributary of the Changjiang (=Yangtze River), in Guangxi province of southern China. Liobagrus aequilabris differs from its congeners by a novel combination of characters that includes: lack of large, retrorse serrations on the posterior edge of the pectoral-fin spine, having upper and lower jaws of equal length, relatively long dorsal (7.5–10.2% SL) and pectoral-fin (9.1–12.1% SL) spines, a relatively long caudal fin (20.1–26.9% SL), and relatively few post-Weberian vertebrae (35–37). This species is only known from the Xiangjiang, but may also be present in the Lijiang, a tributary of the Zhujiang (=Pearl River), due to the presence of the Lingqu canal, which connects the Xiangjiang and Lijiang. New taxon: Liobagrus aequilabris Wright and Ng

Gogo atratus is a new species of anchariid catfish described from the Mananara du Nord River drainage in northeastern Madagascar. It can be distinguished from congeners by a longer snout (54.8–56.4% HL, vs. 47.1–54.3 in congeners) and faintly mottled dark gray coloration (vs. uniform brown, highly mottled dark gray and cream, or mottled brownish-gray). The following combination of characters further distinguishes Gogo atratus from congeners: dorsal-spine length 17.7–20.6% SL, pectoral-spine length 16.5–18.9% SL, length of adipose-fin base 23.6–27.8% SL, head width 17.8–18.9% SL, interorbital distance 28.9–30.5% HL, eye diameter 13.0–14.3% HL, unicuspid teeth, and straight dorsoposterior margin of dorsal fin.

Nanobagrus immaculatus, a new species of bagrid catfish, is described from the Kahayan River drainage in southern Borneo. Nanobagrus immaculatus is most readily distinguished from congeners in having a uniformly dark-colored body lacking pale spots or patches (vs. pale spots or patches always present), larger eye (16.7–18.2% HL vs. 9.0–16.1), and a longer adipose-fin base (24.9–26.6% SL vs. 12.8–21.6). The synapomorphies used to diagnose Nanobagrus are reviewed and re-examined. Pseudomystus fuscus is hypothesized to be more closely related to Nanobagrus than to all other Pseudomystus and is hereby reassigned to the former genus.

Akysis pulvinatus, new species, is described from southern Thailand. It can be distinguished from congeners in having a combination of: length of adipose-fin base 23.0–25.2% SL, body depth at anus 13.2–16.0% SL, caudal peduncle depth 9.4–10.3% SL, head length 27.6–29.8% SL, head width 21.9–25.1% SL, length of nasal barbel 13.9–57.5% HL, length of maxillary barbel 78.5–105.0% HL, smooth posterior edge of pectoral spine, gently forked caudal fin with lower lobe longer than upper, yellow snout, and rounded pale colored patches on body. A possible case of Müllerian mimicry with the syntopic Pseudobagarius leucorhynchus is mentioned and briefly discussed.

Botia udomritthiruji sp. nov. is described from the Tenasserim River drainage in southern Myanmar. It can be distinguished from congeners by its color pattern, consisting of five dark vertical bars on the body, with the central portion of these bars paler than its edges; with increasing age, the edges of these bars become more irregular and darker, and irregular dark spots on the pale interspaces begin to form, sometimes fusing with the edges of the vertical bars. In morphology, it differs from congeners by a combination of: body depth at anus 23.4–27.7% SL, caudal peduncle depth 15.9– 18.7% SL, and 12 dorsal-fin rays. Evidence for considering B. macrolineata a junior synonym of B. dario and for considering B. rostrata a species distinct from B. almorhae is also presented here.

A review of the catfish genus Hara, with the description of four new species (Siluriformes: Erethistidae). - Species of the erethistid catfish genus Hara are reviewed in this study. Eight species are recognized: Hara filamentosa, H. hara, H. horai, H. jerdoni, H. longissima, H. mesembrina, H. minuscula, and H. spinulus, of which the latter four are described as new herein. Erethistes maesotensis is a junior synonym of Hara filamentosa, and H. saharsai and H. serrata junior synonyms of H. hara. A neotype is designated for H. filamentosa Blyth, 1860 and a lectotype is designated for Hara horai Misra, 1976.

Psilorhynchus sucatio (Hamilton) is redescribed based on the examination of 462 specimens, 13-67 mm standard length (SL). Psilorhynchus nudithoracicus TilakHusain is redescribed based on the examination of 97 specimens, 10-68 mm SL. Psilorhynchus gracilis Rainboth is placed in the synonymy of P nudithoracicus. Psilorhynchus hamiltoni, a new species and a member of the P. balitora species group, is described from the Tista River in West Bengal, India. It is distinguished from all other members of the P. balitora species group by having a well-developed lateral stripe, 6-7 poorly developed saddles that do not make contact with the lateral blotches, 7-11 lateral blotches, 34-35 lateral line scales, 9+8-9 principal caudal-fin rays, 36 total vertebrae, and the ventral surface between paired fins with a broad rectangular scaleless patch. A key to the species groups of Psilorhynchus is also provided, as are revised diagnoses for the P. balitora and P. nudithoracicus species groups.

Ompok karunkodu, a new species of silurid catfish is described from the Amaravathi River, a right-hand tributary of the Kaveri [=Cauvery] River in Tamil Nadu, southern India. Ompok karunkodu can be distinguished from all congeners in the Indian subcontinent in having a markedly convex predorsal profile (vs. with a slight or distinct concavity in the supraethmoidal or supraoccipital region), and a unique combination of the following characters: prognathous lower jaw causing anterior profile of head to appear rounded when viewed laterally, maxillary barbel reaching to base of pectoral-fin spine, eye diameter 13.7% HL, head width 13.0% SL, body depth at anus 14.2% SL, 65 anal-fin rays, caudal peduncle depth 5.0% SL, caudal-fin length 12.6% SL, caudal fin with rounded lobes, 54 vertebrae, and dark midlateral stripe running along sides of body.

This study describes Pseudolaguvia nubila, a new miniature sisorid catfish from the Kaladan River drainage in northeastern India. Pseudolaguvia nubila can be distinguished from congeners in having a combination of a mottled brown body with yellowish bands, a weakly projecting snout in which the premaxillary teeth are barely exposed when the mouth is closed, head width 19.7-21.7% standard length (SL), eye diameter 10.8-14.0% head length (HL), interorbital distance 25.6-31.8% HL, absence of a pale Y-shaped marking on the dorsal surface of the head and supraoccipital process, a smooth anterior edge of the dorsal spine, dorsal-fin spine length 16.4-19.3% SL, length of dorsal-fin base 15.1-17.3% SL, 7-8 serrations on the anterior edge of the pectoral spine, pectoral-fin spine length 18.1-22.0% SL, dorsal to adipose distance 13.1-16.8% SL, length of adipose-fin base 14.2-15.9% SL, pelvic-fin length 15.8-18.5% SL, body depth at anus 13.9-17.1% SL, caudal-peduncle length 15.7-20.2% SL, caudal-peduncle depth 9.1-11.1% SL, and caudal-fin length 20.3-25.3% SL.

We resolve the identity of the glass catfish, a species of Asian freshwater fish commonly encountered as an ornamental fish and an experimental subject that has long been misidentified as either Kryptopterus bicirrhis or K. minor. Our study indicates that the glass catfish is an unnamed species distinct from either, which we describe here as Kryptopterus vitreolus. Kryptopterus vitreolus is known from river drainages in peninsular and southeastern Thailand, and is distinguished from congeners in having a combination of: transparent body in life, maxillary barbels reaching beyond the base of the first anal-fin, dorsal profile with a pronounced nuchal concavity, snout length 29-35% head length (HL), eye diameter 28-34% HL, slender body (depth at anus 16-20% standard length (SL)) and caudal peduncle (depth 4-7% SL), 14-18 rakers on the first gill arch, and 48-55 anal-fin rays.

We recently described a new species of catfish, Kryptopterus vitreolus (see Ng & Kottelat, 2013). Although the abstract, the introduction and the running title of that work made it clear that it was a new species, some may argue that the name is unavailable because it is not accompanied by the magic words ‘new species’. Article 16.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (hereafter the Code) requires that in order to be available a new name “must be explicitly indicated as intentionally new”. Although our study explained that the species had no name and went on to provide a description and propose a name for it, we inadvertently omitted to accompany the name with the words “new species”, leaving room for argument that the name is technically unavailable in terms of Art. 16.1 of the Code.