219 results on '"Henryk Janeczek"'
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2. Organic recycling challenges of (bio)degradable packages: Degradation studies of polylactide/cork composites
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Marta Musioł, Joanna Rydz, Wanda Sikorska, Henryk Janeczek, and Sebastian Jurczyk
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biocomposite ,composting ,hydrolysis ,polylactide ,biodegradation ,Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,TA401-492 ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
The drastic increase in the amount of packaging waste from conventional plastics, caused by improper waste management, is a serious challenge for the planet. It is therefore worth considering how we can solve this problem. Thus, it is necessary to develop new polymeric materials that retain the functional properties of traditional plastics but are susceptible to degradation with the participation of microorganisms. The development of new eco-friendly materials requires a holistic approach in terms of their disposal. Organic recycling enables the disposal of biodegradable packaging along with food remains that are difficult to remove. The article presents a study on the degradation of biocomposites of polylactide with cork in various environments (water, buffer, and compost). The obtained results indicate a clear influence of the presence of the filler and its amount on the degradation profile of the composites. In addition, the effect of sample shrinkage was observed, especially during degradation in water, where the pH decreases during the process due to the appearance of degradation products. This effect may be important not only for the degradation profile of the packaging but also during its use. Packaging distorted due to shrinkage may be a sign of improper product storage.
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- 2024
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3. (Bio)degradable Biochar Composites of PLA/P(3HB-co-4HB) Commercial Blend for Sustainable Future—Study on Degradation and Electrostatic Properties
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Marta Musioł, Joanna Rydz, Henryk Janeczek, Jacek Andrzejewski, Mariana Cristea, Krzysztof Musioł, Marian Kampik, and Marek Kowalczuk
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biodegradable composites ,PLA ,P(3HB-co-4HB) ,biochar ,electrostatic properties ,composting ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Interesting alternatives to expensive biodegradable polymers are their composites with natural fillers. The addition of biochar to a blend of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) was studied, and the resulting materials were evaluated for their properties and changes during degradation. Introducing biochar as a filler brought a noticeable improvement in electrostatic properties. Surface resistivity decreased from 3.80 × 1012 for the sample without biochar to 1.32 × 1012 for the sample with 30% filler content. Degradation tests revealed distinct differences in the degradation profile for composites due to the presence of filler. Composites with a lower biochar content displayed curling crack edges during hydrolytic degradation, and when the filler content reached 20 wt%, PLA loss accelerated. This study suggests that biochar-based composites have potential to be used as sustainable materials with improved properties.
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- 2024
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4. Tribological Properties of Composites Based on Single-Component Powdered Epoxy Matrix Filled with Graphite
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Jakub Smoleń, Krzysztof Stępień, Marta Mikuśkiewicz, Hanna Myalska-Głowacka, Mateusz Kozioł, Marcin Godzierz, Henryk Janeczek, and Jan Czakiert
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polymer–matrix composite ,tribology ,self-lubricating materials ,graphite ,sliding materials ,Technology ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Microscopy ,QH201-278.5 ,Descriptive and experimental mechanics ,QC120-168.85 - Abstract
Composites based on powdered single-component epoxy matrix are an alternative technological solution for composites produced using liquid epoxy resins. This article describes in detail the process of producing graphite-reinforced composites for tribological applications. The advantages and disadvantages of technological processes where the matrix is a single-component epoxy powder were demonstrated, and the properties of the obtained materials were examined. A series of composite materials with the graphite filler with sizes below 10 μm and below 45 μm and weight additions of 5, 10, 20, 30% were produced. Mechanical tests and tribological tests conducted with the pin-on-block method were performed, and the mechanism of tribological wear was described. The conducted research allowed us to conclude that the incorporation of graphite, regardless of particle size, above 10% by weight results in a significant reduction in the friction coefficient (approximately 40–50% lower than in unfilled epoxy resin), which is beneficial in the production of cheap self-lubricating materials.
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- 2024
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5. Bactericidal Chitosan Derivatives and Their Superabsorbent Blends with ĸ-Carrageenan
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Kamila Lewicka, Anna Smola-Dmochowska, Natalia Śmigiel-Gac, Bożena Kaczmarczyk, Henryk Janeczek, Renata Barczyńska-Felusiak, Izabela Szymanek, Piotr Rychter, and Piotr Dobrzyński
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biodegradable polymers ,antibacterial polymers ,chitosan Schiff base ,κ-carrageenan blend ,grafted copolymer ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The aim of this work is research dedicated to the search for new bactericidal systems for use in cosmetic formulations, dermocosmetics, or the production of wound dressings. Over the last two decades, chitosan, due to its special biological activity, has become a highly indispensable biopolymer with very wide application possibilities. Reports in the literature on the antibacterial effects of chitosan are very diverse, but our research has shown that they can be successfully improved through chemical modification. Therefore, in this study, results on the synthesis of new chitosan-based Schiff bases, dCsSB-SFD and dCsSB-PCA, are obtained using two aldehydes: sodium 4-formylbenzene-1,3-disulfonate (SFD) and 2-pyridine carboxaldehyde (PCA), respectively. Chitosan derivatives synthesized in this way demonstrate stronger antimicrobial activity. Carrying out the procedure of grafting chitosan with a caproyl chain allowed obtaining compatible blends of chitosan derivatives with κ-carrageenan, which are stable hydrogels with a high swelling coefficient. Furthermore, the covalently bounded poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) chain improved the solubility of obtained polymers in organic solvents. In this respect, the Schiff base-containing polymers obtained in this study, with special hydrogel and antimicrobial properties, are very promising materials for potential use as a controlled-release formulation of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs in cosmetic products for skin health.
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- 2024
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6. Thermal Transitions and Structural Characteristics of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/cucurbit[7]uril) Polypseudorotaxane and Polyrotaxane Thin Films
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Barbara Hajduk, Paweł Jarka, Henryk Bednarski, Henryk Janeczek, Pallavi Kumari, and Aurica Farcas
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PEDOT ,supramolecular encapsulation ,cucurbit[7]uril ,variable-temperature spectroscopic ellipsometry ,organic semiconductors ,thin polymer films ,Technology ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Microscopy ,QH201-278.5 ,Descriptive and experimental mechanics ,QC120-168.85 - Abstract
Herein, we report the thermal transitions and structural properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/cucurbit[7]uril) pseudopolyrotaxane (PEDOT∙CB7-PS) and polyrotaxane (PEDOT∙CB7-PR) thin films compared with those of pristine PEDOT. The structural characteristics were investigated by using variable-temperature spectroscopic ellipsometry (VTSE), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). VTSE and DSC results indicated the presence of an endothermic process and glass transition in the PEDOT∙CB7-PS and PEDOT∙CB7-PR thin films. X-ray diffraction of PEDOT∙CB7-PS and PEDOT∙CB7-PR powders displayed the presence of interchain π-π stacking revealing a characteristic arrangement of aromatic rings in the internal structure of the crystallites. AFM imaging of PEDOT∙CB7-PS and PEDOT∙CB7-PR thin films exhibited significant differences in the surface topographies compared with those of PEDOT. A high degree of crystallization was clearly visible on the surface of the PEDOT layer, whereas the PEDOT∙CB7-PS and PEDOT∙CB7-PR thin films exhibited more favorable surface parameters. Such significant differences identified in the surface morphology of the investigated layers can, therefore, be clearly associated with the presence of surrounding CB7 on PEDOT skeletons.
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- 2024
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7. Correction: Borecka et al. Development of the Latanoprost Solid Delivery System Based on Poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide-co-trimethylene carbonate) with Shape Memory for Glaucoma Treatment. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 7562
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Aleksandra Borecka, Jakub Rech, Henryk Janeczek, Justyna Wilińska, Janusz Kasperczyk, Magdalena Kobielarz, Paweł Grieb, and Artur Turek
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n/a ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
In the original publication [...]
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- 2023
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8. Designing of Drug Delivery Systems to Improve the Antimicrobial Efficacy in the Periodontal Pocket Based on Biodegradable Polyesters
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Magdalena Zięba, Wanda Sikorska, Marta Musioł, Henryk Janeczek, Jakub Włodarczyk, Małgorzata Pastusiak, Abhishek Gupta, Iza Radecka, Mattia Parati, Grzegorz Tylko, Marek Kowalczuk, and Grażyna Adamus
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poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide)/poly[(R,S)-3-hydroxybutyrate] ,electrospun nonwoven delivery system ,biodegradable polyesters ,antimicrobial ,proanthocyanidins ,periodontal ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Delivery systems for biologically active substances such as proanthocyanidins (PCANs), produced in the form of electrospun nonwoven through the electrospinning method, were designed using a polymeric blend of poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)and poly[(R,S)-3-hydroxybutyrate] ((R,S)-PHB). The studies involved the structural and thermal characteristics of the developed electrospun three-dimensional fibre matrices unloaded and loaded with PCANs. In the next step, the hydrolytic degradation tests of these systems were performed. The release profile of PCANs from the electrospun nonwoven was determined with the aid of UV–VIS spectroscopy. Approximately 30% of the PCANs were released from the tested electrospun nonwoven during the initial 15–20 days of incubation. The chemical structure of water-soluble oligomers that were formed after the hydrolytic degradation of the developed delivery system was identified through electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Oligomers of lactic acid and OLAGA oligocopolyester, as well as oligo-3-hydroxybutyrate terminated with hydroxyl and carboxyl end groups, were recognized as degradation products released into the water during the incubation time. It was also demonstrated that variations in the degradation rate of individual mat components influenced the degradation pattern and the number of formed oligomers. The obtained results suggest that the incorporation of proanthocyanidins into the system slowed down the hydrolytic degradation process of the poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide)/poly[(R,S)-3-hydroxybutyrate] three-dimensional fibre matrix. In addition, in vitro cytotoxicity and antimicrobial studies advocate the use of PCANs for biomedical applications with promising antimicrobial activity.
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- 2023
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9. Exploring the Influence of P3HT on PTCA Crystallization and Phase Behavior in Thin Films
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Pallavi Kumari, Barbara Hajduk, Henryk Bednarski, Paweł Jarka, Henryk Janeczek, and Mieczysław Łapkowski
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optical properties ,organic semiconductors ,spectroscopic ellipsometry ,thermal properties ,thin films ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The thermal properties and alignment of crystallinity of materials in thin films play crucial roles in the performance and reliability of various devices, especially in the fields of electronics, materials science, and engineering. The slight variations in the molecular packing of the active layer can make considerable differences in the optical and thermal properties. Herein, we aim to investigate the tuning of the physical properties of a blended thin film of n-type small organic molecules of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid (PTCA-SMs) with the mixing of the p-type polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT). The resulting thin films exhibit an enhanced surface crystallinity compared to the pristine material, leading to the formation of long crystallites, and these crystallites are thermally stable in the solid state, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and thermal analysis using variable-temperature spectroscopic ellipsometry (VTSE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). We believe that the crystalline structure of the obtained P3HT/PTCA-SMs blends is a combination of edge-on and face-on orientations, which enable the potential use of this material as an active layer in organic electronics.
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- 2023
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10. Hot Melt Extrusion as a Formulation Method of Terpolymer Rods with Aripiprazole: A Preliminary Study
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Justyna Wilińska, Artur Turek, Jakub Rech, Henryk Janeczek, Małgorzata Pastusiak, Aleksandra Kordyka, Aleksandra Borecka, Magdalena Kobielarz, and Janusz Kasperczyk
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aripiprazole ,drug delivery system ,hot melt extrusion ,implant ,polymer ,differential scanning calorimetry ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Aripiprazole (ARP) is an atypical neuroleptic used in the therapy of mental diseases such as schizophrenia. The lack of optimal adherence to an oral therapy regime creates the basis for designing ARP long-acting injections. This study aimed to use 105 °C hot melt extrusion (HME) as a formulation method for rods based on poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide-co-trimethylene carbonate) with a molecular weight (Mn) of 21 kDa (Td,l 21), poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide-co-trimethylene carbonate) with a Mn of 59 kDa (Tl 59), and with a Mn of 77 kDa (Tl 77). The following methods were involved in the research: NMR, DSC, XRD, HSM, FTIR, GPC, SEM, and mechanical tests. HME at 105 °C (i) ensured flow behavior for terpolymers, (ii) did not influence the terpolymers’ composition and (iii) the polymorph changes of ARP, and (iv) resulted in the changes in terpolymers’ Mn. For the rods with ARP based on Td,l 21 (Td,l 21 rod-ARP) and Tl 59 (Tl 59 rod-ARP), plasticization was noted. No drug–terpolymer interactions were revealed. No pores were observed on the surface. Due to its high flexibility and rubber character, Td,l 21 rod-ARP may be proposed for intramuscular administration, whereas Tl 59 rod-ARP, due to its higher strength and moderate stiffness, is proposed for subcutaneous administration.
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- 2023
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11. Development of the Latanoprost Solid Delivery System Based on Poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide-co-trimethylene carbonate) with Shape Memory for Glaucoma Treatment
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Aleksandra Borecka, Jakub Rech, Henryk Janeczek, Justyna Wilińska, Janusz Kasperczyk, Magdalena Kobielarz, Paweł Grieb, and Artur Turek
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latanoprost ,glaucoma ,poly(lactide-co-glycolide) ,poly(lactide-co-glycolide-co-trimethylene carbonate) ,ocular drug delivery system ,degradation ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Latanoprost (LTP) is a prostaglandin F2α analog used to lower intraocular pressure in glaucoma treatment administered daily as eye drops. In this study, a universal model based on poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide-co-trimethylene carbonate) with shape memory was proposed for the development of a solid biodegradable formulation with prolonged release administered intraconjunctivally, intravitreally, subconjunctivally, and subcutaneously. Solution casting and electron beam (EB) irradiation were applied to the matrix formulation. The properties of the native matrix and matrices degraded in a PBS buffer (pH 7.4) were monitored by NMR, DSC, GPC, and SEM. Water uptake (WU) and weight loss (WL) were also analyzed. LTP was released over 113 days in a tri-phasic and sigmoidal pattern without a burst effect and with a relatively long second release phase, in which changes were observed in the glass transition temperature, molecular weight (Mn), WU, and WL. EB irradiation decreased the initial Mn, increased WU, and accelerated LTP release with a shortened lag phase. This provides the opportunity to partially eliminate the use of drops at the start of treatment. SEM observations indicated that surface erosion is the prevalent degradation mechanism. The proposed model is an interesting solution during a preliminary study to develop final medicinal products that provide high adherence.
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- 2023
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12. Effect of polyaniline content and protonating dopants on electroconductive composites
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Katarzyna Bednarczyk, Wiktor Matysiak, Tomasz Tański, Henryk Janeczek, Ewa Schab-Balcerzak, and Marcin Libera
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Elastic constructive elements prepared by electrospinning using polyacrylonitrile/polyaniline (PAN/PANI) electroconductive composites were prepared and investigated in terms of their thermal and mechanical properties. This study was focused on the impact of the type of counterion of polyaniline and the PANI content in composites on the thermal, conductive and morphological properties of electrospun fibers. In this study, composites obtained from PANI doped with sulfuric acid showed the highest conductivity, and composites obtained from PANI doped with hydrochloric acid showed the highest thermal stability. All obtained composites exhibited good thermal stability, with T5 values in the range of 230–268 °C that increased with increasing PANI content. The prepared composites exhibited comparable PAN Tg values, which indicates their suitability for processing. Instrumental analysis of polymers and composites was carried out using UV–visible spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy.
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- 2021
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13. Biodegradable Block Poly(ester amine)s with Pendant Hydroxyl Groups for Biomedical Applications
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Natalia Śmigiel-Gac, Anna Smola-Dmochowska, Henryk Janeczek, and Piotr Dobrzyński
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biodegradable polymer ,aliphatic polyester ,functional polymer ,wettability ,antibacterial polymer ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
The article presents the results of the synthesis and characteristics of the amphiphilic block terpolymers, built of a hydrophilic polyesteramine block, and hydrophobic blocks made of lactidyl and glycolidyl units. These terpolymers were obtained during the copolymerization of L-lactide with glycolide carried out in the presence of previously produced macroinitiators with protected amine and hydroxyl groups. The terpolymers were prepared to produce a biodegradable and biocompatible material containing active hydroxyl and/or amino groups, with strong antibacterial properties and high surface wettability by water. The control of the reaction course, the process of deprotection of functional groups, and the properties of the obtained terpolymers were made based on 1H NMR, FTIR, GPC, and DSC tests. Terpolymers differed in the content of amino and hydroxyl groups. The values of average molecular mass oscillated from about 5000 g/mol to less than 15,000 g/mol. Depending on the length of the hydrophilic block and its composition, the value of the contact angle ranged from 50° to 20°. The terpolymers containing amino groups, capable of forming strong intra- and intermolecular bonds, show a high degree of crystallinity. The endotherm responsible for the melting of L-lactidyl semicrystalline regions appeared in the range from about 90 °C to close to 170 °C, with a heat of fusion from about 15 J/mol to over 60 J/mol.
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- 2023
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14. An Investigation of the Thermal Transitions and Physical Properties of Semiconducting PDPP4T:PDBPyBT Blend Films
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Barbara Hajduk, Paweł Jarka, Tomasz Tański, Henryk Bednarski, Henryk Janeczek, Paweł Gnida, and Mateusz Fijalkowski
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variable-temperature spectroscopic ellipsometry ,polymer blend films ,organic semiconductors ,Technology ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Microscopy ,QH201-278.5 ,Descriptive and experimental mechanics ,QC120-168.85 - Abstract
This work focuses on the study of thermal and physical properties of thin polymer films based on mixtures of semiconductor polymers. The materials selected for research were poly [2,5-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-pyrrolo [3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4(2H,5H)-dione-3,6-diyl)-alt-(2,2′;5′,2″;5″,2′′′-quater-thiophen-5,5′′′-diyl)]—PDPP4T, a p-type semiconducting polymer, and poly(2,5-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-3,6-di(pyridin-2-yl)-pyrrolo [3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4(2H,5H)-dione-alt-2,2′-bithiophene)—PDBPyBT, a high-mobility n-type polymer. The article describes the influence of the mutual participation of materials on the structure, physical properties and thermal transitions of PDPP4T:PDBPyBT blends. Here, for the first time, we demonstrate the phase diagram for PDPP4T:PDBPyBT blend films, constructed on the basis of variable-temperature spectroscopic ellipsometry and differential scanning calorimetry. Both techniques are complementary to each other, and the obtained results overlap to a large extent. Our research shows that these polymers can be mixed in various proportions to form single-phase mixtures with several thermal transitions, three of which with the lowest characteristic temperatures can be identified as glass transitions. In addition, the RMS roughness value of the PDPP4T:PDBPyBT blended films was lower than that of the pure materials.
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- 2022
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15. Co-Delivery of 8-Hydroxyquinoline Glycoconjugates and Doxorubicin by Supramolecular Hydrogel Based on α-Cyclodextrin and pH-Responsive Micelles for Enhanced Tumor Treatment
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Adrian Domiński, Tomasz Konieczny, Marcin Godzierz, Marta Musioł, Henryk Janeczek, Aleksander Foryś, Monika Domińska, Gabriela Pastuch-Gawołek, Tomasz Piotrowski, and Piotr Kurcok
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pH-responsive ,drug release ,supramolecular hydrogel ,α-cyclodextrin ,quinoline glycoconjugates ,Warburg effect ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
The sustained release of multiple anti-cancer drugs using a single delivery carrier to achieve a synergistic antitumor effect remains challenging in biomaterials and pharmaceutics science. In this study, a supramolecular hydrogel based on the host–guest complexes between pH-responsive micelle derived poly(ethylene glycol) chains and α-cyclodextrin was designed for codelivery of two kinds of anti-cancer agents, hydrophilic 8-hydroxyquinoline glycoconjugate and hydrophobic doxorubicin. The host–guest interactions were characterized using X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. The resultant supramolecular hydrogel showed thixotropic properties, which are advantageous to drug delivery systems. In vitro release studies revealed that the supramolecular hydrogel exhibited faster drug release profiles in acidic conditions. The MTT assay demonstrated a synergistic cancer cell proliferation inhibition of DOX/8HQ-Glu mixture. In vitro cytotoxicity studies indicated excellent biocompatibility of the supramolecular hydrogel matrix, whereas the DOX/8HQ-Glu-loaded supramolecular hydrogel showed a sustained inhibition efficacy against cancer cells. The codelivery of hydrophobic anti-cancer drugs and hydrophilic anti-cancer drug glycoconjugates via a pH-responsive supramolecular hydrogel opens up new possibilities for the development of an effective cancer treatment based on the tumor-specific Warburg effect.
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- 2022
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16. Nematic-to-Isotropic Phase Transition in Poly(L-Lactide) with Addition of Cyclodextrin during Abiotic Degradation Study
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Joanna Rydz, Khadar Duale, Henryk Janeczek, Wanda Sikorska, Andrzej Marcinkowski, Marta Musioł, Marcin Godzierz, Aleksandra Kordyka, Michał Sobota, Cristian Peptu, Neli Koseva, and Marek Kowalczuk
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poly(L-lactide) ,cyclodextrin ,liquid crystal ,chiral nematic ,tailor-made properties ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Poly(L-lactide) is capable of self-assembly into a nematic mesophase under the influence of temperature and mechanical stresses. Therefore, subsequent poly(L-lactide) films were obtained and characterized, showing nematic liquid crystal properties both before and after degradation. Herein, we present that, by introducing β-cyclodextrin into the polymer matrix, it is possible to obtain a chiral nematic mesophase during pressing, regardless of temperature and time. The obtained poly(L-lactide) films exhibiting liquid crystal properties were subjected to degradation tests and the influence of degradation on these properties was determined. Thermotropic phase behavior was investigated using polarized optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry. The degradation process demonstrated an influence on the liquid crystal properties of pressed polymer films. The colored planar texture of the chiral nematic mesophase, which was not observed prior to degradation in films without the addition of β-cyclodextrin, appeared after incubation in water as a result of the entrapment of degradation products in the polymer matrix. These unusual tailor-made properties, obtained in liquid crystals in (bio)degradable polymers using a simple method, demonstrate the potential for advanced photonic applications.
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- 2022
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17. Synthesis of Polyacids by Copolymerization of l-Lactide with MTC-COOH Using Zn[(acac)(L)H2O] Complex as an Initiator
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Joanna Jaworska, Michał Sobota, Małgorzata Pastusiak, Michał Kawalec, Henryk Janeczek, Piotr Rychter, Kamila Lewicka, and Piotr Dobrzyński
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biodegradable polymers ,functional polymers ,ring opening polymerization ,coordination polymerization ,chelate complexes ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
This work presents the results of research on the preparation of bioresorbable functional polyestercarbonates containing side carboxyl groups. These copolymers were synthesized in two ways: the classic two-step process involving the copolymerization of l-lactide and a cyclic carbonate containing a blocked side carboxylate group in the form of a benzyl ester (MTC-Bz) and its subsequent deprotection, and a new way involving the one-step copolymerization of l-lactide with this same carbonate, but containing an unprotected carboxyl group (MTC-COOH). Both reactions were carried out under identical conditions in the melt, using a specially selected zinc chelate complex, with Zn[(acac)(L)H2O] (where: L—N-(pyridin-4-ylmethylene) phenylalaninate ligand) as an initiator. The differences in the kinetics of both reactions and their courses were pictured. The reactivity of the MTC-COOH monomer without a blocking group in the studied co-polymerization was much higher, even slightly higher than l-lactide, which allowed the practically complete conversion of the comonomers in a much shorter time. The basic final properties of the obtained copolymers and the microstructures of their chains were determined. The single-step synthesis of biodegradable polyacids was much simpler. Contrary to the conventional method, this made it possible to obtain copolymers containing all carbonate units with carboxyl groups, without even traces of the heavy metals used in the deprotection of the carboxyl groups, the presence of which is known to be very difficult to completely remove from the copolymers obtained in the two-step process.
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- 2022
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18. P3HT:PCBM blend films phase diagram on the base of variable-temperature spectroscopic ellipsometry
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Barbara Hajduk, Henryk Bednarski, Bożena Jarząbek, Henryk Janeczek, and Paweł Nitschke
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non-linear optics ,organic semiconductors ,spectroscopic ellipsometry ,theoretical modeling ,thin films ,Technology ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 ,Science ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
In this work we present an in-depth study of the how the composition of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT):[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) blend films influences their phase transitions using variable-temperature spectroscopic ellipsometry. We demonstrate that this non-destructive method is a very sensitive optical technique to investigate the phase transitions and to determine the glass transition temperatures and melting crystallization points of the P3HT:PCBM blend films. By analyzing the influence of the temperature T on the raw ellipsometric data, we have identified a high sensitivity of the ellipsometric angle Δ at a wavelength of 280 nm to temperature changes. Characteristic temperatures determined from the slope changes of the Δ(T) plot appeared to be very good guess values for the phase transition temperatures.
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- 2018
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19. The Role of the Mechanical, Structural, and Thermal Properties of Poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide-co-trimethylene carbonate) in the Development of Rods with Aripiprazole
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Artur Turek, Jakub Rech, Aleksandra Borecka, Justyna Wilińska, Magdalena Kobielarz, Henryk Janeczek, and Janusz Kasperczyk
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aripiprazole ,poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide-co-trimethylene carbonate) ,drug delivery system ,polymer degradation ,mechanical properties ,compression and tensile tests ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
In this work, we aimed to determine the role of the mechanical, structural, and thermal properties of poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide-co-trimethylene carbonate) (P(l-LA:GA:TMC)) with shape memory in the formulation of implantable and biodegradable rods with aripiprazole (ARP). Hot melt extrusion (HME) and electron beam (EB) irradiation were applied in the formulation process of blank rods and rods with ARP. Rod degradation was carried out in a PBS solution. HPLC; NMR; DSC; compression and tensile tests; molecular weight (Mn); water uptake (WU); and weight loss (WL) analyses; and SEM were used in this study. HME and EB irradiation did not influence the structure of ARP. The mechanical tests indicated that the rods may be safely implanted using a pre-filled syringe. During degradation, no unfavorable changes in terpolymer content were observed. A decrease in the glass transition temperature and the Mn, and an increase in the WU and the WL were revealed. The loading of ARP and EB irradiation induced earlier pore formation and more intense WU and WL changes. ARP was released in a tri-phasic model with the lag phase; therefore, the proposed formulation may be administered as a delayed-release system. EB irradiation was found to accelerate ARP release.
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- 2021
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20. Polyimide-Based Membrane Materials for CO2 Separation: A Comparison of Segmented and Aromatic (Co)polyimides
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Andrzej Jankowski, Eugenia Grabiec, Klaudia Nocoń-Szmajda, Andrzej Marcinkowski, Henryk Janeczek, and Aleksandra Wolińska-Grabczyk
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CO2 selective membrane ,segmented copolymer ,poly(ethylene oxide) ,polyimide ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 ,Chemical engineering ,TP155-156 - Abstract
A series of new poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based copolyimides varying in hard segment structure are reported in this work as CO2 selective separation membranes. Their structural diversity was achieved by using different aromatic dianhydrides (4,4′-oxydiphthalic anhydride (ODPA), 4,4’-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA)) and diamines (4,4′-oxydianiline (ODA), 4,4′-(4,4′-isopropylidene-diphenyl-1,1′- diyldioxy)dianiline (IPrDA), 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (4MPD)), while keeping the content of PEO (2000 g/mol) constant (around 50%). To get a better insight into the effects of hard segment structure on gas transport properties, a series of aromatic polyimides with the same chemistry was also studied. Both series of polymers were characterized by 1HNMR, FTIR, WAXD, DSC, TGA, and AFM. Permeabilities for pure He, O2, N2, and CO2 were determined at 6 bar and at 30 °C, and for CO2 for pressures ranging from 1 to 10 bar. The results show that OPDA-ODA-PEO is the most permeable copolyimide, with CO2 permeability of 52 Barrer and CO2/N2 selectivity of 63, in contrast to its fully aromatic analogue, which was the least permeable among polyimides. 6FDA-4MPD-PEO ranks second, with a two times lower CO2 permeability and slightly lower selectivity, although 6FDA-4MPD was over 900 times more permeable than OPDA-ODA. As an explanation, partial filling of hard domain free voids by PEO segments and imperfect phase separation were proposed.
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- 2021
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21. The Effect of Alkyl Substitution of Novel Imines on Their Supramolecular Organization, towards Photovoltaic Applications
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Paweł Nitschke, Bożena Jarząbek, Marharyta Vasylieva, Marcin Godzierz, Henryk Janeczek, Marta Musioł, and Adrian Domiński
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azomethines ,supramolecular organization ,organic thin films ,polymer:fullerene blends ,organic photovoltaics ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Three novel conjugated polyazomethines have been obtained by polycondensation of diamines consisting of the diimine system, with either 2,5-bis(octyloxy)terephthalaldehyde or 9-(2-ethylhexyl)carbazole-3,6-dicarboxaldehyde. Partial replacement of bulky solubilizing substituents with the smaller side groups has allowed to investigate the effect of supramolecular organization. All obtained compounds have been subsequently identified using the NMR and FTIR spectroscopies and characterized by the thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, cyclic voltammetry, UV–Vis spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Investigated polymers have shown a good thermal stability and high glass transition temperatures. X-ray measurements have proven that partial replacement of octyloxy side chains with smaller methoxy groups induced a better planarization of macromolecule. Such modification has tuned the LUMO level of this molecule and caused a bathochromic shift of the lowest energy absorption band. On the contrary, imines consisting of N-ethylhexyl substituted carbazole units have not been so clearly affected by alkyl chain length modification. Photovoltaic activity of imines (acting as a donor) in bulk-heterojunction systems has been observed for almost all studied compounds, blended with the fullerene derivative (PCBM) in various weight ratios.
- Published
- 2021
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22. Triple-Shape Memory Behavior of Modified Lactide/Glycolide Copolymers
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Anna Smola-Dmochowska, Natalia Śmigiel-Gac, Bożena Kaczmarczyk, Michał Sobota, Henryk Janeczek, Paulina Karpeta-Jarząbek, Janusz Kasperczyk, and Piotr Dobrzyński
- Subjects
blends ,shape memory ,polylactide ,esters ,bioresorbable polyesters ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
The paper presents the formation and properties of biodegradable thermoplastic blends with triple-shape memory behavior, which were obtained by the blending and extrusion of poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) and bioresorbable aliphatic oligoesters with side hydroxyl groups: oligo (butylene succinate-co-butylene citrate) and oligo(butylene citrate). Addition of the oligoesters to poly (l-lactide-co-glycolide) reduces the glass transition temperature (Tg) and also increases the flexibility and shape memory behavior of the final blends. Among the tested blends, materials containing less than 20 wt % of oligo (butylene succinate-co-butylene citrate) seem especially promising for biomedical applications as materials for manufacturing bioresorbable implants with high flexibility and relatively good mechanical properties. These blends show compatibility, exhibiting one glass transition temperature and macroscopically uniform physical properties.
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- 2020
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23. Biodegradable Electrospun Nonwovens Releasing Propolis as a Promising Dressing Material for Burn Wound Treatment
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Mateusz Stojko, Jakub Włodarczyk, Michał Sobota, Paulina Karpeta-Jarząbek, Małgorzata Pastusiak, Henryk Janeczek, Piotr Dobrzyński, Gabriela Starczynowska, Arkadiusz Orchel, Jerzy Stojko, Olgierd Batoryna, Paweł Olczyk, Katarzyna Komosińska-Vassev, Krystyna Olczyk, and Janusz Kasperczyk
- Subjects
electrospinning ,drug delivery ,PLGA ,propolis ,burn wounds ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
The selection of dressing is crucial for the wound healing process. Traditional dressings protect against contamination and mechanical damage of an injured tissue. Alternatives for standard dressings are regenerating systems containing a polymer with an incorporated active compound. The aim of this research was to obtain a biodegradable wound dressing releasing propolis in a controlled manner throughout the healing process. Dressings were obtained by electrospinning a poly(lactide-co-glycolide) copolymer (PLGA) and propolis solution. The experiment consisted of in vitro drug release studies and in vivo macroscopic treatment evaluation. In in vitro studies released active compounds, the morphology of nonwovens, chemical composition changes of polymeric material during degradation process, weight loss and water absorption were determined. For in vivo research, four domestic pigs, were used. The 21-day experiment consisted of observation of healing third-degree burn wounds supplied with PLGA 85/15 nonwovens without active compound, with 5 wt % and 10 wt % of propolis, and wounds rinsed with NaCl. The in vitro experiment showed that controlling the molar ratio of lactidyl to glycolidyl units in the PLGA copolymer gives the opportunity to change the release profile of propolis from the nonwoven. The in vivo research showed that PLGA nonwovens with propolis may be a promising dressing material in the treatment of severe burn wounds.
- Published
- 2020
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24. (Bio)Degradable Polymeric Materials for Sustainable Future—Part 3: Degradation Studies of the PHA/Wood Flour-Based Composites and Preliminary Tests of Antimicrobial Activity
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Marta Musioł, Sebastian Jurczyk, Michał Sobota, Magdalena Klim, Wanda Sikorska, Magdalena Zięba, Henryk Janeczek, Joanna Rydz, Piotr Kurcok, Brian Johnston, and Izabela Radecka
- Subjects
biodegradable composites ,PHA ,wood flour ,biodegradation ,organic recycling ,Technology ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Microscopy ,QH201-278.5 ,Descriptive and experimental mechanics ,QC120-168.85 - Abstract
The need for a cost reduction of the materials derived from (bio)degradable polymers forces research development into the formation of biocomposites with cheaper fillers. As additives can be made using the post-consumer wood, generated during wood products processing, re-use of recycled waste materials in the production of biocomposites can be an environmentally friendly way to minimalize and/or utilize the amount of the solid waste. Also, bioactive materials, which possess small amounts of antimicrobial additives belong to a very attractive packaging industry solution. This paper presents a study into the biodegradation, under laboratory composting conditions, of the composites that consist of poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate)] and wood flour as a polymer matrix and natural filler, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy were used to evaluate the degradation progress of the obtained composites with different amounts of wood flour. The degradation products were characterized by multistage electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Also, preliminary tests of the antimicrobial activity of selected materials with the addition of nisin were performed. The obtained results suggest that the different amount of filler has a significant influence on the degradation profile.
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- 2020
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25. Three-Dimensional Printed PLA and PLA/PHA Dumbbell-Shaped Specimens: Material Defects and Their Impact on Degradation Behavior
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Joanna Rydz, Jakub Włodarczyk, Jennifer Gonzalez Ausejo, Marta Musioł, Wanda Sikorska, Michał Sobota, Anna Hercog, Khadar Duale, and Henryk Janeczek
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(bio)degradable polyesters ,hydrolytic degradation ,three-dimensional printing ,defect ,shrinkage after post-processing heat treatment ,Technology ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Microscopy ,QH201-278.5 ,Descriptive and experimental mechanics ,QC120-168.85 - Abstract
The use of (bio)degradable polymers, especially in medical applications, requires a proper understanding of their properties and behavior in various environments. Structural elements made of such polymers may be exposed to changing environmental conditions, which may cause defects. That is why it is so important to determine the effect of processing conditions on polymer properties and also their subsequent behavior during degradation. This paper presents original research on a specimen’s damage during 70 days of hydrolytic degradation. During a standard hydrolytic degradation study of polylactide and polylactide/polyhydroxyalkanoate dumbbell-shaped specimens obtained by 3D printing with two different processing build directions, exhibited unexpected shrinkage phenomena in the last degradation series, representing approximately 50% of the length of the specimens irrespective of the printing direction. Therefore, the continuation of previous ex-ante research of advanced polymer materials is presented to identify any possible defects before they arise and to minimize the potential failures of novel polymer products during their use and also during degradation. Studies on the impact of a specific processing method, i.e., processing parameters and conditions, on the properties expressed in molar mass and thermal properties changes of specimens obtained by three-dimensional printing from polyester-based filaments, and in particular on the occurrence of unexpected shrinkage phenomena after post-processing heat treatment, are presented.
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- 2020
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26. Biodegradable Blends of Grafted Dextrin with PLGA-block-PEG Copolymer as a Carrier for Controlled Release of Herbicides into Soil
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Kamila Lewicka, Piotr Rychter, Małgorzata Pastusiak, Henryk Janeczek, and Piotr Dobrzynski
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grafted dextrin ,grafted maltodextrin ,plga ,peg ,controlled release ,metazachlor ,pendimethain ,biodegradable polymers ,Technology ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Microscopy ,QH201-278.5 ,Descriptive and experimental mechanics ,QC120-168.85 - Abstract
The presented work aimed to test influence of poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide)-block-poly (ethylene oxide) copolymer modification by blending with grafted dextrin or maltodextrin on the course of degradation in soil and the usefulness of such material as a matrix in the controlled release of herbicides. The modification should be to obtain homogenous blends with better susceptibility to enzymatic degradation. Among all tested blends, which were proposed as a carrier for potential use in the controlled release of plant protection agents, PLGA-block-PEG copolymer blended with grafted dextrin yielded very promising results for their future applications, and what is very importantly proposed formulations provide herbicides in unchanged form into soil within few months of release. The modification PLAGA/PEG copolymer by blending with modificated dextrins affects the improvement of the release profile. The weekly release rates for both selected herbicides (metazachlor and pendimethalin) were constant for a period of 12 weeks. Enzymatic degradation of modified dextrin combined with leaching of the degradation products into medium caused significant erosion of the polymer matrix, thereby leading to acceleration of water diffusion into the polymer matrix and allowing for easier leaching of herbicides outside the matrix.
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- 2020
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27. 3D-Printed Polyester-Based Prototypes for Cosmetic Applications—Future Directions at the Forensic Engineering of Advanced Polymeric Materials
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Joanna Rydz, Wanda Sikorska, Marta Musioł, Henryk Janeczek, Jakub Włodarczyk, Marlena Misiurska-Marczak, Justyna Łęczycka, and Marek Kowalczuk
- Subjects
three-dimensional printing ,(bio)degradable polyester ,prototype container ,compostability ,biodegradability ,weathering test ,Technology ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Microscopy ,QH201-278.5 ,Descriptive and experimental mechanics ,QC120-168.85 - Abstract
Knowledge of degradation and impairment phenomena of (bio)degradable polymeric materials under operating conditions, and thus the selection of test procedures and prediction of their behavior designates the scope and capabilities as well as possible limitations of both: the preparation of the final product and its durability. The main novelty and objective of this research was to determine the degradation pathways during testing of polylactide and polylactide/polyhydroxyalkanoate materials made with three-dimensional printing and the development of a new strategy for the comprehensive characterization of such complex systems including behavior during waste disposal. Prototype objects were subjected to tests for damage evolution performed under simulating operating conditions. The reference samples and the tested items were characterized by gel permeation chromatography and differential scanning calorimetry to determine changes in material properties. The studies showed that: polyhydroxyalkanoate component during accelerated aging and degradation in environments rich in microorganisms accelerated the degradation of the material; paraffin accelerates polylactide degradation and slows degradation of polyhydroxyalkanoate-based material; under the influence of an environment rich in enzymes, paraffin contamination accelerates biodegradation; under the influence of natural conditions, paraffin contamination slowed degradation; the processing conditions, in particular the printing orientation of individual parts of the container, influenced the material properties in its various regions, affecting the rate of degradation of individual parts.
- Published
- 2019
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28. (Bio)degradable Polymeric Materials for Sustainable Future—Part 2: Degradation Studies of P(3HB-co-4HB)/Cork Composites in Different Environments
- Author
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Sebastian Jurczyk, Marta Musioł, Michał Sobota, Magdalena Klim, Anna Hercog, Piotr Kurcok, Henryk Janeczek, and Joanna Rydz
- Subjects
poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) ,composites ,cork ,(bio)degradation ,composting ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
The degree of degradation of pure poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB-co-4HB)] and its composites with cork incubated under industrial and laboratory composting conditions was investigated. The materials were parallelly incubated in distilled water at 70 °C as a reference experiment (abiotic condition). It was demonstrated that addition of the cork into polyester strongly affects the matrix crystallinity. It influences the composite degradation independently on the degradation environment. Moreover, the addition of the cork increases the thermal stability of the obtained composites; this was related to a smaller reduction in molar mass during processing. This phenomenon also had an influence on the composite degradation process. The obtained results suggest that the addition of cork as a natural filler in various mass ratios to the composites enables products with different life expectancies to be obtained.
- Published
- 2019
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29. Mesomorphic Behavior of Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Azomethines with Two Imine Groups
- Author
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Patrice Rannou, Agnieszka Iwan, Bozena Jarzabek, and Henryk Janeczek
- Subjects
Symmetrical and unsymmetrical azomethines ,Schiff bases ,liquid crystals ,nematic and smectic phases ,polymorphism ,Technology ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Microscopy ,QH201-278.5 ,Descriptive and experimental mechanics ,QC120-168.85 - Abstract
Seven symmetrical azomethines with two imine groups (HC=N) were synthesized by condensation of the benzene-1,4-dicarboxaldehydewith five amines (first group: A1-A5) and of the 2,5-thiophenedicarboxaldehyde with two amines (second group: AT1-AT2). Additionally, two unsymmetrical azomethines were obtained by a two step condensation of benzene-1,4-dicarboxaldehydewith pyren-1-amine(1st step) (abbreviated hereinafter as AP1) and then AP1 was reacted with4-dodecylaniline or 4-hexadecylaniline (2nd step) (third group: AP1A-AP1B). Liquid crystalline properties of the azomethines were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and UV-vis spectroscopy in the function of temperature [UV-vis(T)]. The Wide-Angle X-ray Diffraction (WAXD) technique was used to probe the structural properties of the azomethines. Mesomorphic behavior was observed for symmetrical and unsymmetrical azomethines, obtained from the benzene-1,4-dicarboxaldehyde and symmetrical ones prepared from 2,5-thiophenedicarboxaldehyde and different amineshaving aliphatic chains. Based on the POM and DSC measurements the following mesophases were detected: nematic, smectic A, smectic C, smectic F (I), smectic G (J).
- Published
- 2009
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30. Influence of Radiation Sterilization on Properties of Biodegradable Lactide/Glycolide/Trimethylene Carbonate and Lactide/Glycolide/ε-caprolactone Porous Scaffolds with Shape Memory Behavior
- Author
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Piotr Rychter, Natalia Śmigiel-Gac, Elżbieta Pamuła, Anna Smola-Dmochowska, Henryk Janeczek, Wojciech Prochwicz, and Piotr Dobrzyński
- Subjects
biodegradable polymer ,gamma sterilization ,electron beam sterilization ,radiation degradation ,scaffold ,shape memory ,Technology ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Microscopy ,QH201-278.5 ,Descriptive and experimental mechanics ,QC120-168.85 - Abstract
The aim of the study was the evaluation of gamma irradiation and electron beams for sterilization of porous scaffolds with shape memory behavior obtained from biodegradable terpolymers: poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide-co-trimethylene carbonate) and poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide-co-ɛ-caprolactone). The impact of mentioned sterilization techniques on the structure of the scaffolds before and after the sterilization process using irradiation doses ranged from 10 to 25 kGy has been investigated. Treatment of the samples with gamma irradiation at 15 kGy dose resulted in considerable drop in glass transition temperature (Tg) and number average molecular weight (Mn). For comparison, after irradiation of the samples using an electron beam with the same dose, no significant changes in structure or properties of examined scaffolds have been noticed. Higher doses of irradiation via electron beam caused essential changes of the scaffolds’ pores resulting in partial melting of their surface. Nevertheless, obtained results have revealed that sterilization with electron beam, when compared to gamma irradiation, is a better method because it does not affect significantly the physicochemical properties of the scaffolds. Both used methods of sterilization did not influence the shape memory behavior of the examined materials.
- Published
- 2016
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31. Development of the Latanoprost Solid Delivery System Based on Poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide-co-trimethylene carbonate) with Shape Memory for Glaucoma Treatment
- Author
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Turek, Aleksandra Borecka, Jakub Rech, Henryk Janeczek, Justyna Wilińska, Janusz Kasperczyk, Magdalena Kobielarz, Paweł Grieb, and Artur
- Subjects
latanoprost ,glaucoma ,poly(lactide-co-glycolide) ,poly(lactide-co-glycolide-co-trimethylene carbonate) ,ocular drug delivery system ,degradation ,shape memory ,nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ,differential scanning calorimetry ,scanning electron microscopy - Abstract
Latanoprost (LTP) is a prostaglandin F2α analog used to lower intraocular pressure in glaucoma treatment administered daily as eye drops. In this study, a universal model based on poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide-co-trimethylene carbonate) with shape memory was proposed for the development of a solid biodegradable formulation with prolonged release administered intraconjunctivally, intravitreally, subconjunctivally, and subcutaneously. Solution casting and electron beam (EB) irradiation were applied to the matrix formulation. The properties of the native matrix and matrices degraded in a PBS buffer (pH 7.4) were monitored by NMR, DSC, GPC, and SEM. Water uptake (WU) and weight loss (WL) were also analyzed. LTP was released over 113 days in a tri-phasic and sigmoidal pattern without a burst effect and with a relatively long second release phase, in which changes were observed in the glass transition temperature, molecular weight (Mn), WU, and WL. EB irradiation decreased the initial Mn, increased WU, and accelerated LTP release with a shortened lag phase. This provides the opportunity to partially eliminate the use of drops at the start of treatment. SEM observations indicated that surface erosion is the prevalent degradation mechanism. The proposed model is an interesting solution during a preliminary study to develop final medicinal products that provide high adherence.
- Published
- 2023
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32. Poly(<scp>l</scp>-Lactide) Liquid Crystals with Tailor-Made Properties Toward a Specific Nematic Mesophase Texture
- Author
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Henryk Janeczek, Khadar Duale, Wanda Sikorska, Marcin Godzierz, Aleksandra Kordyka, Andrzej Marcinkowski, Anna Hercog, Marta Musioł, Marek Kowalczuk, Darinka Christova, and Joanna Rydz
- Subjects
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,General Chemical Engineering ,Environmental Chemistry ,General Chemistry - Abstract
This paper presents the liquid crystal (LC) properties of poly(l-lactide) (PLLA). Mesophase behavior is investigated using polarized optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry. The performed analyses confirm that pressed PLLA films exhibit the unique capability of self-assembling into a nematic mesophase under the influence of mechanical pressure, temperature, and time. It was originally demonstrated that the chiral nematic mesophase can be obtained by introducing fine powders into the polymer. Based on the research conducted, it was proved that the pressed PLLA films have a chiral nematic mesophase with a nematic-to-isotropic phase transition and a large mesophase stability range overlapping the temperature of the human body, which can persist for years at ambient temperature. The obtained films show tailor-made properties toward a nematic mesophase with a specific texture, including colored planar texture of the chiral nematic mesophase and blue-phase (BP) LC texture. The BP, described for the first time in plain PLLA, occurred over a wider than usual temperature range of stability between isotropic and chiral nematic thermotropic phases (Δ
- Published
- 2022
33. Effect of heterocycle donor in 2-cyanoacrylic acid conjugated derivatives for DSSC applications
- Author
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Ewa Schab-Balcerzak, Slawomir Kula, Pavel Chulkin, Agata Szlapa-Kula, Paweł Gnida, Henryk Janeczek, Aleksandra Fabiańczyk, and Michal Filapek
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Carbazole ,020209 energy ,Energy conversion efficiency ,02 engineering and technology ,Electron acceptor ,Conjugated system ,Fluorene ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Photochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Dye-sensitized solar cell ,chemistry ,Phenothiazine ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,General Materials Science ,0210 nano-technology ,Pyrrole - Abstract
The impact of different electron donors of 2-cyanoacrylic acid derivatives on thermal, photophysical and electrochemical properties was investigated. The synthesized compounds form donor-acceptor (D-π-A) or acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-π-D-π-A) systems. Cyanoacrylic acid moiety as an electron acceptor was linked by different π-conjugated spacers including furan, pyrrole, indole, fluorene, dibenzofuran, carbazole and phenothiazine derivatives. Density functional theory was employed to obtain optimized geometries and to calculate the frontier molecular orbital energy of the studied molecules. The selected compounds were tested as sensitizers and co-sensitizer in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The fabricated DSSC were fully characterized by the incident photon to current conversion efficiency (IPCE), current-voltage (I-V) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. Device with di-anchoring sensitizer based on phenothiazine core showed the highest light-to-electricity conversion efficiency of 4.85%, even higher than commercial dye N719 (4.45%). Upon co-sensitization, the DSSC made of the N719 and di-anchoring molecule with phenothiazine core lead to further enhancement of conversion efficiency up to 5.60%.
- Published
- 2021
34. The Investigation on Thermal Transitions and Physical Properties of Semiconducting Pdpp4t:Pdbpybt Blend Films
- Author
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Paweł Jarka, Barbara Hajduk, Tomasz Tański, Henryk Bednarski, Henryk Janeczek, Pawel Gnida, and Mateusz Fijalkowski
- Published
- 2022
35. Synthesis of Polyacids by Copolymerization of l-Lactide with MTC-COOH Using Zn[(acac)(L)H
- Author
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Joanna, Jaworska, Michał, Sobota, Małgorzata, Pastusiak, Michał, Kawalec, Henryk, Janeczek, Piotr, Rychter, Kamila, Lewicka, and Piotr, Dobrzyński
- Abstract
This work presents the results of research on the preparation of bioresorbable functional polyestercarbonates containing side carboxyl groups. These copolymers were synthesized in two ways: the classic two-step process involving the copolymerization of l-lactide and a cyclic carbonate containing a blocked side carboxylate group in the form of a benzyl ester (MTC-Bz) and its subsequent deprotection, and a new way involving the one-step copolymerization of l-lactide with this same carbonate, but containing an unprotected carboxyl group (MTC-COOH). Both reactions were carried out under identical conditions in the melt, using a specially selected zinc chelate complex, with Zn[(acac)(L)H
- Published
- 2021
36. Thermal and optical properties of PMMA films reinforced with Nb2O5 nanoparticles
- Author
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Tomasz Tański, P. Jarka, B. Hajduk, H. Bednarski, Henryk Janeczek, and M. Godzierz
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Solid-state chemistry ,Multidisciplinary ,Materials science ,Scanning electron microscope ,Science ,Composite number ,Nanoparticle ,Polymer ,Differential scanning calorimetry ,chemistry ,Thermal ,Medicine ,Composite material ,Glass transition - Abstract
The article presents the thermal and physical properties of PMMA composite films with the addition of Nb2O5 nanoparticles. The addition of nanoparticles to PMMA mainly influenced the optical transmission and glass transition temperature of composite films compared to pure PMMA. It is clearly visible in the results of the conducted ellipsometric and differential scanning calorimetry tests. X-ray studies showed that the heat treatment of the samples resulted in the ordering of the polymer structure (flattening of the polymer chains). Examining the surface of the samples with scanning electron microscopy, it can be seen that Nb2O5 nanoparticles formed unusual, branched formations resembling "snowflakes".
- Published
- 2021
37. Dual-jet electrospun PDLGA/PCU nonwovens as promising mesh implant materials with controlled release of sirolimus and diclofenac
- Author
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Jakub Wlodarczyk, Monika Musial-Kulik, Katarzyna Jelonek, Mateusz Stojko, Paulina Karpeta-Jarzabek, Malgorzata Pastusiak, Henryk Janeczek, Piotr Dobrzynski, Michal Sobota, and Janusz Kasperczyk
- Subjects
Sirolimus ,Dental Materials ,Diclofenac ,Anti-Infective Agents ,Tissue Scaffolds ,Delayed-Action Preparations ,Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ,Nanofibers ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Surgical Mesh - Abstract
Dual-jet electrospinning was employed to produce two-component, partially degradable drug releasing nonwovens with interlacing of poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PDLGA) and different poly(carbonate urethanes) (PCUs). Diclofenac sodium and sirolimus were released simultaneously from the copolyester carrier. The research focused on determining of release profiles of drugs, depending on the hydrophilicity of introduced PCU nanofibers. The influence of drugs incorporation on the hydrolytic degradation of the PDLGA and mechanical properties of nonwovens was also studied. Evaluation for interaction with cells in vitro was investigated on a fibroblast cell line in cytotoxicity and surface adhesion tests. Significant changes in drugs release rate, depending on the applied PCU were observed. It was also noticed, that hydrophilicity of drugs significantly influenced the hydrolytic degradation mechanism and surface erosion of the PDLGA, as well as the tensile strength of nonwovens. Tests carried out on cells in an in vitro experiment showed that introduction of sirolimus caused a slight reduction in the viability of fibroblasts as well as a strong limitation in their capability to colonize the surface of fibers. Due to improvement of mechanical strength and the ability to controlled drugs release, the obtained material may be considered as prospect surgical mesh implant in the treatment of hernia.
- Published
- 2022
38. Azopolymers with imide structures as light-switchable membranes in controlled gas separation
- Author
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Jolanta Konieczkowska, Ewa Schab-Balcerzak, Klaudia Nocoń, Andrzej Jankowski, Karolina Bujak, Henryk Janeczek, and Aleksandra Wolińska-Grabczyk
- Subjects
Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Organic Chemistry ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Context (language use) ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Photochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Membrane ,Azobenzene ,chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Gas separation ,0210 nano-technology ,Imide ,Isomerization ,Polyimide ,Cis–trans isomerism - Abstract
In the paper, we demonstrate a series of azobenzene polyimides with azomoieties located in the main chain for potential applications as membranes for controlled gas separation. Since azobenzene derivatives can exist in two forms, that is, thermodynamically stable trans and photoinduced cis, both isomers can be utilized for membrane preparation. The long term stability of the cis form is a precondition for such an application. Thus, the effect of polymer structure on the stability of cis-trans isomerization process in polymer films was investigated. The prepared azopolymers exhibited high stability of cis isomers and the return cis-trans reaction was not completed during 7 days after switching off the excitation light (405 nm). The stability of the cis-trans isomerization was discussed in the context of the fragility parameter. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time when the main chain azopolymer was tested as a membrane for the gas separation. Two types of azomembranes, that is, bearing azobenzene derivatives as trans, and cis isomers and a reference membrane without azochromophore were prepared. Our investigations showed that the presence of trans-azomoieties increases the permeability of the gases (N2, O2, He and CO2) in comparison to the reference polyimide and that the permeability increase is not accompanied by any losses of the selectivity.
- Published
- 2019
39. Electrospun, drug-enriched bioresorbable nonwovens based on poly(glycolide-ɛ-caprolactone) and poly(d,l-lactide-glycolide) for urological applications
- Author
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Joanna Jaworska, Henryk Janeczek, Mateusz Stojko, Paulina Karpeta-Jarząbek, Jakub Wlodarczyk, and Janusz Kasperczyk
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Drug ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,ɛ caprolactone ,02 engineering and technology ,Polymer ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Electrospinning ,0104 chemical sciences ,Polyester ,PLGA ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,Drug delivery ,Materials Chemistry ,Copolymer ,0210 nano-technology ,media_common ,Biomedical engineering - Abstract
Nonwoven polymeric materials for urological applications have been prepared from different kinds of polymers: poly(glycolide-ɛ-caprolactone) (PGCL) and poly( d , l -lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) with the use of electrospinning technique. In order to modify properties of the electrospun nonwovens, the mixture of PGCL and PLGA have been additionally prepared. The aim of this modification was to obtain materials with intermediated properties. Additionally, diastolic drug was incorporated into the polymeric matrix in order to achieve enhanced functionality. It appeared that selected copolymers enriched with diastolic drug possess excellent fiber-forming ability. Moreover, by this incorporation, drug delivery systems for local administration for urological purposes have been obtained. The idea of local administration of a drug is highly desirable. It provides the possibility of reducing the drug dose and might enhance the efficiency of the therapy. For all nonwoven materials burst release of papaverine was observed, what was desired and expected result. This study is based on our experience with various drug delivery systems intended for different therapies. The obtained results indicate high potential of the developed polyester-based nonwovens for urological applications and local release of incorporated drug. As the possibility of designing proper, nonwoven, polyester-based materials have been confirmed, it is planned to expand range of incorporated drugs, so as to obtain various biodegradable systems for urological applications.
- Published
- 2019
40. Fluorene vs carbazole substituent at quinoline core toward organic electronics
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Dawid Zych, Mariola Siwy, Aneta Slodek, Anna Maroń, Sylwia Golba, Henryk Janeczek, Sebastian Mackowski, and Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Organic electronics ,Materials science ,Carbazole ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,General Chemical Engineering ,Quinoline ,Substituent ,Quantum yield ,02 engineering and technology ,Fluorene ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Photochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,OLED ,0210 nano-technology ,Alkyl - Abstract
Two novel 2,4-difluorenylquinoline derivatives with different length of alkyl chain at fluorene unit (Q-F1 with methyl and Q-F2 with octyl chain) of donor-acceptor (D-A) type were synthesized and comprehensively characterized. The compounds exhibited bright emission in the blue spectral region at 400 nm and high fluorescence efficiency of 63–97% in solution. The EL measurements of OLEDs with Q-F1, and for comparison 2,4-dicarbazolylquinoline (Q-C1) were performed to determine any correlations between the device performance and the different D units at quinoline core. These fluorenyl and carbazolyl substituted quinolines (Q-F1 and Q-C1) were found to display good thermal stability with a decomposition temperature of 301 and 416 °C, respectively. A molecule with carbazole units (Q-C1) dispersed in a host matrix exhibited higher PL quantum yield (15%) compared to Q-F1 (11%). The devices with structure ITO/PDOT:PSS/PVK:PBD:compound/Al with 15 (Q-F1) and 2 (Q-C1) wt. % of compound content in a blend were constructed. The diode based on Q-C1 emitted green light with EL maximum at 550 nm under an applied external voltage. Furthermore, by incorporation of a layer of plasmonically active silver nanowires into the device based on Q-C1 (ITO/PEDOT:PSS + AgNWs/PVK:PBD:Q-C1 (2 wt%)/Al) the noticeably more intense EL signal was detected. These results show that these compounds are promising candidates and may be used in organic light emitting devices.
- Published
- 2019
41. Structure-dependent and environment-responsive optical properties of the trisheterocyclic systems with electron donating amino groups
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Justyna Grzelak, Barbara Machura, Mariola Siwy, Joanna Palion-Gazda, Sebastian Mackowski, Henryk Janeczek, Agata Szlapa-Kula, Ewa Schab-Balcerzak, Stanisław Krompiec, and Tomasz Klemens
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Process Chemistry and Technology ,General Chemical Engineering ,Diphenylamine ,Protonation ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Photochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Acceptor ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Morpholine ,Pyridine ,Light emission ,Piperidine ,0210 nano-technology ,Dimethylamine - Abstract
A series of 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine (terpy), 2,6-di(thiazol-2-yl)pyridine (dtpy), and 2,6-di(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridine (dppy) derivatives with electron donating amino groups (dimethylamine, piperidine, morpholine and diphenylamine) connected to the terpy/dtpy/dppy skeleton via phenylene linkage have been thoroughly investigated in order to get an insight into the impact of amine donors and nitrogen-based π-deficient heterocycles on the thermal, redox, UV–Vis absorption and emission properties. All the compounds melted without thermal decomposition and the presence of di(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridine skeleton increased the melting temperature and prevented formation of amorphous material. The obtained compounds undergo electrochemical reduction and oxidation processes and show electrochemically estimated Eg in the range of 2.30–2.83 eV. The lowest values of Eg were confirmed for the compounds bearing 2,6-di(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridine core and dimethylamine or piperidine substituents. Structure-dependent fluorescence properties of the synthesized compounds were evidenced in both solution and solid state. The use of 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine as acceptor unit gives opportunity to obtain more efficient emitters, while 2,6-di(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridine derivatives display the largest Stokes shifts. The dramatic decrease in the fluorescence quantum yield with the increasing polarity was attributed to ICT→TICT, while dual emission behavior was assigned to LE to ICT emissions. The effect of protonation and viscosity on the emission properties was also examined and it was found to be dependent on the nature of the acceptor moiety. Under external voltage the 2,6-di(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridine derivatives, except for dtpy with diphenylamine, did not exhibit light emission, contrary to the functionalized terpy and dppy.
- Published
- 2019
42. Azobenzene vs azopyridine and matrix molar masses effect on photoinduced phenomena
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Ewa Schab-Balcerzak, Hanna Orlikowska, Jolanta Konieczkowska, Anna Sobolewska, Karolina Bujak, Stanislaw Bartkiewicz, and Henryk Janeczek
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Molar mass ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Organic Chemistry ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Context (language use) ,02 engineering and technology ,Polymer ,Chromophore ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Azobenzene ,Pyridine ,Materials Chemistry ,Physical chemistry ,0210 nano-technology ,Benzene ,Isomerization - Abstract
To the best of our knowledge, for the first time the effect of the presence of pyridine vs benzene structure in azochromophore on thermally driven cis-trans isomerization in a solid state is presented. The influence of the molar mass of the polymer matrix, in which the chromophores were molecularly dispersed, was revealed. The poly(etherimide) with a weight-average molecular weight within the range of 2 600–33 300 g/mol was applied as a matrix. The fragility parameter of the matrices was discussed also in the context of observed relationship between cis-trans isomerization in various matrixes. Additionally, thermal back reaction from the cis to the trans-form of 4-[4-(6-hydroxyhexyloxy)phenylazo]pyridine and 4-[4-(6-hydroxyhexyloxy)phenylazo]benzene in DMF solution was investigated. The holographic grating recording was realized in the poly(etherimide) containing azopyridine of different content.
- Published
- 2019
43. The comprehensive approach towards study of (azo)polymers fragility parameter: Effect of architecture, intra- and intermolecular interactions and backbone conformation
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Ewa Schab-Balcerzak, Henryk Janeczek, Jan Grzegorz Małecki, and Jolanta Konieczkowska
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Organic Chemistry ,Intermolecular force ,Relaxation (NMR) ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Context (language use) ,02 engineering and technology ,Activation energy ,Polymer ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Fragility ,chemistry ,Chemical physics ,Materials Chemistry ,Side chain ,0210 nano-technology ,Glass transition - Abstract
The comprehensive investigations including the influence of architecture, intra– and intermolecular interactions and backbone conformation on the glass transition activation energy and the temperature dependence of segmental relaxation (fragility) in a series (azo)polyimides are presented. The studies were carried out using DSC measurements. To understand the microscopic parameters that control the glass transition phenomenon the activation energy was calculated using two different approaches, i.e., Kissinger and Moynihan models. The behavior of polyimides near the glass transition was investigated in the context of formation intra- and intermolecular H-bonds, which impact on rigidity and conformation of main and side chains of the polymers. Presence of the H-bonds was confirmed experimentally by 1H NMR and FTIR spectroscopes and theoretically by DFT simulations. Our investigations showed, that the presence of intra- and intermolecular interactions cause different conformations of the polymer chain, what may be the key to solve the puzzle of fragility parameter of polymers.
- Published
- 2018
44. Novel 1,8-naphthalimides substituted at 3-C position: Synthesis and evaluation of thermal, electrochemical and luminescent properties
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Sebastian Mackowski, Sylwia Golba, Sonia Kotowicz, Marcin Libera, Ewa Schab-Balcerzak, Mateusz Korzec, Katarzyna Bednarczyk, Henryk Janeczek, Mariola Siwy, and Jan Grzegorz Małecki
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Photoluminescence ,Materials science ,Carbazole ,Band gap ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,General Chemical Engineering ,Quantum yield ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Triphenylamine ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Naphthalimides ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Physical chemistry ,0210 nano-technology ,Luminescence ,HOMO/LUMO - Abstract
Novel 1,8-naphthalimides core substituted at 3-C position via imine bond with carbazole, benzothiazole, methylindole, quinoline, benzoindole, phenylmorpholine and triphenylamine derivatives were designed, synthesized and investigated with regard to their thermal, electrochemical, and luminescence behavior. DSC measurements showed that the obtained crystalline compounds can be converted into amorphous materials with glass transition temperatures in the range of 28–54 °C, except for the molecule bearing benzoindole derivative. The prepared compounds were thermally stable with the onset of thermal decomposition in the range of 345–368 °C. Energy band gap electrochemically estimated was modulated from 2.13 to 2.52 eV. Effect of excitation wavelength on the photoluminescence relative intensity of those naphthalimides in solution was detected. Their photoluminescence maximum band was located in the range of 495–560 nm in solution with the quantum yield from 0.2 to 14.0%. In the film, they emitted light in the blue and green spectral region with quantum yields from 1.1 to 3.6%. The electroluminescence ability of core substituted 1,8-naphthalimides was tested in the single-layer diode geometry. They were utilized as an emitting layer for both non-doped and doped single-layer OLEDs fabricated by solution processing. Additionally, calculations using density functional theory were performed to obtain the optimized ground-state geometry and distribution of the HOMO and LUMO levels of the synthesized molecules.
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- 2018
45. The Effect of Alkyl Substitution of Novel Imines on Their Supramolecular Organization, Towards Photovoltaic Applications
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Marharyta Vasylieva, Marta Musioł, Henryk Janeczek, Adrian Domiński, B. Jarząbek, Marcin Godzierz, and Paweł Nitschke
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Carbazole ,Supramolecular chemistry ,organic thin films ,General Chemistry ,Conjugated system ,Article ,lcsh:QD241-441 ,azomethines ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,polymer:fullerene blends ,Differential scanning calorimetry ,chemistry ,lcsh:Organic chemistry ,Bathochromic shift ,Polymer chemistry ,supramolecular organization ,Side chain ,organic photovoltaics ,HOMO/LUMO ,Alkyl - Abstract
Three novel conjugated polyazomethines have been obtained by polycondensation of diamines consisting of the diimine system, with either 2,5-bis(octyloxy)terephthalaldehyde or 9-(2-ethylhexyl)carbazole-3,6-dicarboxaldehyde. Partial replacement of bulky solubilizing substituents with the smaller side groups has allowed to investigate the effect of supramolecular organization. All obtained compounds have been subsequently identified using the NMR and FTIR spectroscopies and characterized by the thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, cyclic voltammetry, UV–Vis spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Investigated polymers have shown a good thermal stability and high glass transition temperatures. X-ray measurements have proven that partial replacement of octyloxy side chains with smaller methoxy groups induced a better planarization of macromolecule. Such modification has tuned the LUMO level of this molecule and caused a bathochromic shift of the lowest energy absorption band. On the contrary, imines consisting of N-ethylhexyl substituted carbazole units have not been so clearly affected by alkyl chain length modification. Photovoltaic activity of imines (acting as a donor) in bulk-heterojunction systems has been observed for almost all studied compounds, blended with the fullerene derivative (PCBM) in various weight ratios.
- Published
- 2021
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46. In-depth studies of ground- and excited-state properties of Re(I) carbonyl complexes bearing 2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine and 2,6-bis(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridine coupled with π‑conjugated aryl chromophores
- Author
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Barbara Machura, Sebastian Mackowski, Mariola Siwy, Tomasz Pedzinski, Anna Maroń, Karol Erfurt, Henryk Janeczek, Marcin Szalkowski, Agata Szlapa-Kula, Ewa Schab-Balcerzak, and Magdalena Małecka
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education.field_of_study ,Energy ,Aryl ,Population ,Metal to ligand charge transfer ,Quantum mechanichs ,Conjugated system ,Chromophore ,Ligands ,Article ,Absorption ,Inorganic Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Delocalized electron ,Crystallography ,chemistry ,Excited state ,Pyridine ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Terpyridine ,education - Abstract
In the current work, comprehensive photophysical and electrochemical studies were performed for eight rhenium(I) complexes incorporating 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine (terpy) and 2,6-bis(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridine (dppy) with appended 1-naphthyl-, 2-naphthyl-, 9-phenanthrenyl, and 1-pyrenyl groups. Naphthyl and phenanthrenyl substituents marginally affected the energy of the MLCT absorption and emission bands, signaling a weak electronic coupling of the appended aryl group with the Re(I) center. The triplet MLCT state in these complexes is so low lying relative to the triplet 3ILaryl that the thermal population of the triplet excited state delocalized on the organic chromophore is ineffective. The attachment of the electron-rich pyrenyl group resulted in a noticeable red shift and a significant increase in molar absorption coefficients of the lowest energy absorption of the resulting Re(I) complexes due to the contribution of intraligand charge-transfer (ILCT) transitions occurring from the pyrenyl substituent to the terpy/dppy core. At 77 K, the excited states of [ReCl(CO)3(Ln-κ2N)] with 1-pyrenyl-functionalized ligands were found to have predominant 3ILpyrene/3ILCTpyrene→terpy character. The 3IL/3ILCT nature of the lowest energy excited state of [ReCl(CO)3(4′-(1-pyrenyl)-terpy-κ2N)] was also evidenced by nanosecond transient absorption and time-resolved emission spectroscopy. Enhanced room-temperature emission lifetimes of the complexes [ReCl(CO)3(Ln-κ2N)] with 1-pyrenyl-substituted ligands are indicative of the thermal activation between 3MLCT and 3IL/3ILCT excited states. Deactivation pathways occurring upon light excitation in [ReCl(CO)3(4′-(1-naphthyl)-terpy-κ2N)] and [ReCl(CO)3(4′-(1-pyrenyl)-terpy-κ2N)] were determined by femtosecond transient absorption studies., A series of eight rhenium(I) complexes with 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine (terpy) and 2,6-di(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridine (dppy) substituted with 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 9-phenanthrenyl, and 1-pyrenyl groups was synthesized, and the effect of the tris-heterocyclic core and aryl substituent on selected properties of the obtained [ReCl(CO)3(Ln-κ2N)] was studied in detail. The complexes [ReCl(CO)3(Ln-κ2N)] with 1-pyrenyl-subsituted ligands exhibited greatly enhanced room-temperature photoluminescence lifetimes, consistent with the formation of an equilibrium between the 3MLCT and 3IL/3ILCT excited states.
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- 2021
47. Effect of polyaniline content and protonating dopants on electroconductive composites
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Marcin Libera, Wiktor Matysiak, Katarzyna Bednarczyk, Ewa Schab-Balcerzak, Tomasz Tański, and Henryk Janeczek
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Thermogravimetric analysis ,Materials science ,PANI ,Scanning electron microscope ,Energy science and technology ,Science ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Article ,polyaniline ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Differential scanning calorimetry ,Polyaniline ,polyacrylonitrile ,Thermal stability ,Composite material ,Thermal analysis ,Multidisciplinary ,Polyacrylonitrile ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Electrospinning ,0104 chemical sciences ,PAN ,chemistry ,Medicine ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Elastic constructive elements prepared by electrospinning using polyacrylonitrile/polyaniline (PAN/PANI) electroconductive composites were prepared and investigated in terms of their thermal and mechanical properties. This study was focused on the impact of the type of counterion of polyaniline and the PANI content in composites on the thermal, conductive and morphological properties of electrospun fibers. In this study, composites obtained from PANI doped with sulfuric acid showed the highest conductivity, and composites obtained from PANI doped with hydrochloric acid showed the highest thermal stability. All obtained composites exhibited good thermal stability, with T5 values in the range of 230–268 °C that increased with increasing PANI content. The prepared composites exhibited comparable PAN Tg values, which indicates their suitability for processing. Instrumental analysis of polymers and composites was carried out using UV–visible spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy.
- Published
- 2021
48. Triple-Shape Memory Behavior of Modified Lactide/Glycolide Copolymers
- Author
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Paulina Karpeta-Jarząbek, Henryk Janeczek, Anna Smola-Dmochowska, Bozena Kaczmarczyk, Natalia Śmigiel-Gac, Michał Sobota, Piotr Dobrzyński, and Janusz Kasperczyk
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Flexibility (anatomy) ,Materials science ,Thermoplastic ,Lactide ,Polymers and Plastics ,shape memory ,General Chemistry ,Shape-memory alloy ,Article ,lcsh:QD241-441 ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,esters ,lcsh:Organic chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,polylactide ,Compatibility (mechanics) ,medicine ,Copolymer ,blends ,Extrusion ,bioresorbable polyesters ,Glass transition - Abstract
The paper presents the formation and properties of biodegradable thermoplastic blends with triple-shape memory behavior, which were obtained by the blending and extrusion of poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) and bioresorbable aliphatic oligoesters with side hydroxyl groups: oligo (butylene succinate-co-butylene citrate) and oligo(butylene citrate). Addition of the oligoesters to poly (l-lactide-co-glycolide) reduces the glass transition temperature (Tg) and also increases the flexibility and shape memory behavior of the final blends. Among the tested blends, materials containing less than 20 wt % of oligo (butylene succinate-co-butylene citrate) seem especially promising for biomedical applications as materials for manufacturing bioresorbable implants with high flexibility and relatively good mechanical properties. These blends show compatibility, exhibiting one glass transition temperature and macroscopically uniform physical properties.
- Published
- 2020
49. Docetaxel‐loaded scaffolds manufactured by <scp>3D</scp> printing as model, biodegradable prostatic stents
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Joanna Jaworska, Mateusz Stojko, Jakub Włodarczyk, Henryk Janeczek, Marcin Godzierz, Monika Musiał‐Kulik, Piotr Bryniarski, and Janusz Kasperczyk
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Polymers and Plastics ,Materials Chemistry ,General Chemistry ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films - Published
- 2022
50. Dual-jet electrospun PDLGA/PCU nonwovens and their mechanical and hydrolytic degradation properties
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Jakub Wlodarczyk, Mateusz Stojko, Monika Musial-Kulik, Paulina Karpeta-Jarzabek, Malgorzata Pastusiak, Henryk Janeczek, Piotr Dobrzynski, Michal Sobota, and Janusz Kasperczyk
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Biomaterials ,Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ,Mechanics of Materials ,Hydrolysis ,Polyesters ,Nanofibers ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biocompatible Materials ,Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions - Abstract
A dual-jet electrospinning was used to mix a different hydrophilicity poly(carbonate urethanes) (PCUs) nanofibers with a biodegradable poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PDLGA) copolyester microfibers. As a result, PDLGA/PCU partially degradable nonwovens consisting of an interlaced of both components fibers were obtained. In order to examine the hydrolytic degradation process of polyester fraction, as well as changes that occurred in the mechanical properties of the whole nonwovens, gel permeation chromatography, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy as well as static tensile test were performed. Obtained results showed that for the introduction of more hydrophobic PCU nanofibers (ChronoSil), the process of copolyester chain scission slowed down and the erosion mechanism proceeded in bulk. Unexpectedly, even greater deceleration of PDLGA fibers degradation was observed in case of more hydrophilic PCU (HydroThane), and erosion mechanism changed to surface. Enhancement the affinity of the whole nonwoven to the water, manifested by strong water uptake, facilitated the diffusion processes of both: water and acid degradation by-products, which limited autocatalysis reactions of the hydrolysis of ester bonds. On the other hand, strength tests showed the synergy in the mechanical characteristics of both components. Presented method allows influencing the mechanism and rate of polyester degradation without changing its chemical composition and physical properties, affecting only the physical interactions between the nonwoven and the degradation environment, and thus, on diffusion processes. Obtained partially degradable materials possessed also time prolonged functional properties, compared to the copolyester-only nonwoven itself, thus could be considered as promising for biomedical applications e.g. in drug release systems, implants or surgical meshes for supporting soft tissues.
- Published
- 2022
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