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Purpose There is accumulating evidence for the efficacy of nonpharmacological multimodal stimulation interventions in maintaining cognition and improving quality of life in people with mild-to-moderate dementia. However, the complex nature of these interventions limits their application in practice and research. We report here the design and development of a culturally appropriate framework, the Six Arts, to guide delivery of multimodal interventions in a Chinese community. Design and development The Six Arts are a core set of Confucian philosophy comprising 6 disciplines of rites, music, archery, charioteering, literacy, and numeracy. They correspond to major mind-body functional domains of social functioning; music and rhythm; visuospatial and fine motor skills; kinesthetic and gross motor skills; language and verbal skills; and executive function. Using Six Arts as a framework, we mapped theoretical principles and evidence-based nonpharmacological interventions of cognitive stimulation, physical exercise, and social activities against the 6 functional domains. From 2011, we field-tested the use of Six Arts in structuring intervention programs in 263 people in a dementia day center in Hong Kong. Results The Six Arts was operationalized through the development of an intervention activity database, a scoring system for intensity level, and a service delivery model for application in dementia day centers. Implications Six Arts can be used as framework for structuring nonpharmacological group intervention programs in dementia day center in a metropolitan Chinese city. Its cultural appropriateness may facilitate communication and shared decision making with families with dementia in communities influenced by Confucian philosophy.

The technique of frequency-swept electron–electron double resonance (ELDOR) has been used to study polymer chain motions in dilute solutions. ELDOR effects have been measured at different temperatures and pump powers. The maximum de-enhancements obtained by extrapolating the data to infinite pump powers were used to interpret molecular motions. Amorphous polystyrene with nitroxides spin-labeled at both chain ends was employed in this study. The result agrees excellently well with the result obtained from electron spin resonance (ESR) line-width analysis. Both the activation energy (12 kJ/mole) and the correlation times of the motion, were found to be significantly smaller than the values obtained from other ESR and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies on aromatic substituted polystyrene. Explanations were given as due to the smaller steric hindrance and less backbone coupling among neighboring bonds for the local motions of polymer chain ends.

In the wake of recent scandals involving information technology (IT) professionals, the ethics of this profession deserve more attention. This paper reports on the first phase of an initiative to research the ethics of IT professionals. The ethical values of the IT profession in Hong Kong were investigated using an instrument designed to reflect the stages of moral reasoning present in Kohlberg's theory of Cognitive Moral Development. The vast majority of respondents espoused ethical values consistent with both a high level of reasoning and the prevailing societal culture. At the same time, many respondents exhibited considerable uncertainty in their ethical reasoning, indicating a dynamic tension between high and low moral principles. The implications of these findings for research and practice are discussed.

1H and 19F spin-lattice relaxation times and nuclear Overhauser enhancement factors are reported for solutions of poly(fluoromethylene) in DMSO, and for poly(vinyl fluoride) in DMF. These results, together with literature values for other fluorinated ethylene polymers, show that substitutions of F for H on the chain backbone produce only mild changes in segmental mobility.

Water-based polymers have been widely used as pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs). This article addresses the fundamental viscoelastic parameters that govern PSA performance. The viscoelastic behavior of polymers before and after resin tackification is investigated. Commercial acrylic, CSBR, natural rubber emulsion polymers, and low MW petroleum-based hydrocarbon resins with various softening points are used to demonstrate the tackification effects. Basic guidelines for selecting the appropriate polymer/resin system to achieve the target performance are given. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Morsellized autologous dermis is a filling agent which may be utilized to obliterate facial wrinkles (rhytides), folds, and acne scars. An animal investigation was undertaken to evaluate morsellized dermis as an autologous “liquid” graft. The grafted dermis (injected beneath the epidermis with a fine-gauge needle) was free of infection and cyst formation in the experimental animal (pig) study. This technique has been performed for several patients. No clinically apparent complications, i.e., cyst formation, have resulted.

Because of internal scattering and degradation of the 1.33 and 1.17 MeV quanta, the beam of radiation from a Co60 teletherapy unit includes a continuous spectrum extending well below 1 MeV. The form of this spectrum below 1 MeV and its intensity relative to the radiation above 1 MeV have been investigated for sources of various dimensions. The influence of the material around the source, the relative spectral contributions of different parts of the source, and the spectra from bare sources outside the teletherapy head have also been studied. Methods of designing source and head to minimize the radiation below 1 MeV may be inferred from the graphs.