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4. Scientific mobilization of keystone actors for biosphere stewardship

Author

Österblom, Henrik, Folke, Carl, Rocha, Juan, Bebbington, Jan, Blasiak, Robert, Jouffray, Jean-Baptiste, Selig, Elizabeth R., Wabnitz, Colette C. C., Bengtsson, Frida, Crona, Beatrice, Gupta, Radhika, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Johansson, Karolin A., Merrie, Andrew, Nakayama, Shinnosuke, Crespo, Guillermo Ortuño, Rockström, Johan, Schultz, Lisen, Sobkowiak, Madlen, Jørgensen, Peter Søgaard, Spijkers, Jessica, Troell, Max, Villarrubia-Gómez, Patricia, and Lubchenco, Jane

Published
2022
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5. Environmental performance of blue foods

Author

Gephart, Jessica A., Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Parker, Robert W. R., Shepon, Alon, Gorospe, Kelvin D., Bergman, Kristina, and Eshel, Gidon

Subjects
Ecological footprint -- Management, Fish-culture -- Environmental aspects, Aquaculture -- Environmental aspects, Seafood -- Environmental aspects, Company business management, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Fish and other aquatic foods (blue foods) present an opportunity for more sustainable diets.sup.1,2. Yet comprehensive comparison has been limited due to sparse inclusion of blue foods in environmental impact studies.sup.3,4 relative to the vast diversity of production.sup.5. Here we provide standardized estimates of greenhouse gas, nitrogen, phosphorus, freshwater and land stressors for species groups covering nearly three quarters of global production. We find that across all blue foods, farmed bivalves and seaweeds generate the lowest stressors. Capture fisheries predominantly generate greenhouse gas emissions, with small pelagic fishes generating lower emissions than all fed aquaculture, but flatfish and crustaceans generating the highest. Among farmed finfish and crustaceans, silver and bighead carps have the lowest greenhouse gas, nitrogen and phosphorus emissions, but highest water use, while farmed salmon and trout use the least land and water. Finally, we model intervention scenarios and find improving feed conversion ratios reduces stressors across all fed groups, increasing fish yield reduces land and water use by up to half, and optimizing gears reduces capture fishery emissions by more than half for some groups. Collectively, our analysis identifies high-performing blue foods, highlights opportunities to improve environmental performance, advances data-poor environmental assessments, and informs sustainable diets. A range of environmental stressors are estimated for farmed and wild capture blue foods, including bivalves, seaweed, crustaceans and finfish, with the potential to inform more sustainable diets., Author(s): Jessica A. Gephart [sup.1] , Patrik J. G. Henriksson [sup.2] [sup.3] [sup.4] , Robert W. R. Parker [sup.5] [sup.6] , Alon Shepon [sup.7] [sup.8] [sup.9] , Kelvin D. Gorospe [...]

Published
2021
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7. Evidence for action: a One Health learning platform on interventions to tackle antimicrobial resistance

Author

Wernli, Didier, Jørgensen, Peter S, Parmley, E Jane, Troell, Max, Majowicz, Shannon, Harbarth, Stephan, Léger, Anaïs, Lambraki, Irene, Graells, Tiscar, Henriksson, Patrik J G, Carson, Carolee, Cousins, Melanie, Skoog Ståhlgren, Gunilla, Mohan, Chadag V, Simpson, Andrew J H, Wieland, Barbara, Pedersen, Karl, Schneider, Annegret, Chandy, Sujith J, Wijayathilaka, Tikiri Priyantha, Delamare-Deboutteville, Jérôme, Vila, Jordi, Stålsby Lundborg, Cecilia, and Pittet, Didier

Published
2020
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9. Poultry manure fertilization of Egyptian aquaculture ponds brings more cons than pros

Author

Nyberg, Oskar, Novotny, Andreas, Sbaay, Ashraf S., Nasr-Allah, Ahmed M., Al-Kenawy, Diaa A. R., Rossignoli, Cristiano M., Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Nyberg, Oskar, Novotny, Andreas, Sbaay, Ashraf S., Nasr-Allah, Ahmed M., Al-Kenawy, Diaa A. R., Rossignoli, Cristiano M., and Henriksson, Patrik J. G.

Abstract

Aquaculture is a crucial sector for Egyptian food production, providing a cheap source of animal protein while securing income and employment for a substantial part Egypt's population. Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is the most commonly produced fish, usually farmed in earthen ponds around the Northern Delta Lakes. A common practice among farms is to fertilize ponds with chicken manure (CM) in order to increase nutrient levels and promote phytoplankton, consumed by the fish. However, with reports of use of antibiotics in Egypt's poultry sector, and that CM contains residues of antibiotics, antibiotic resistant pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are production benefits large enough to compensate a potential health hazard? Using production data from 501 aquaculture farms and fish pond sediment from 28 ponds we evaluated potential benefits in yields and profitability for farms using CM for fertilization, and used qPCRs to screen sediments for three antibiotic resistance genes coding for resistance to the most commonly used antibiotics in the poultry sector. The analysis showed no significant benefits to fish yields or profitability in farms where CM was applied, but a risk of significantly increased nutrient loads. Meanwhile, we detected increased abundances of tetA and tetW resistance genes in fish pond sediment where CM was applied. With the risk of disseminating ARGs and causing eutrophication of local waterways, we recommend that Egyptian tilapia pond farmers refrain from using CM and adopt best management practices for increasing farm profitability in order to to reduce environmental and health hazards.

Published
2024
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10. Transforming sustainable aquaculture by applying circularity principles

Author

Chary, Killian, van Riel, Anne-Jo, Muscat, Abigail, Wilfart, Aurélie, Harchaoui, Souhil, Verdegem, Marc, Filgueira, Ramón, Troell, Max, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., de Boer, Imke J. M., Wiegertjes, Geert F., Chary, Killian, van Riel, Anne-Jo, Muscat, Abigail, Wilfart, Aurélie, Harchaoui, Souhil, Verdegem, Marc, Filgueira, Ramón, Troell, Max, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., de Boer, Imke J. M., and Wiegertjes, Geert F.

Abstract

A circular economy is considered one way to reduce environmental impacts of human activities, by more efficient use of resources and recovery, resulting in less waste and emissions compared to linear take-make-dispose systems. Muscat et al. developed five ecological principles to guide biomass use towards a circular economy. A few studies have demonstrated environmental benefits of applying these principles to land-based food systems, but to date, these principles have not been explored in aquaculture. The current study expands on these principles and provides a narrative review to (i) translate them to aquaculture, while identifying implications for the main species and production systems, and (ii) identify the main pathways to make aquaculture more circular. We show that the underlying concepts of the ‘safeguard’, ‘entropy’, and ‘recycle’ principles have been well researched and sometimes well implemented. In contrast, the ‘avoid’ and ‘prioritise’ principles have been explored much less; doing so would provide an opportunity to decrease environmental impacts of aquaculture at the food-system level. One example is prioritising the production of species that contribute to food and nutrition security, have low environmental impacts and thinking at wider food system scale to avoid feed-food competition in aquaculture. We identified six priorities that could make aquaculture more circular: (i) increase production and demand for the most essential species, (ii) decrease food loss and waste at farm and post-harvest stages, (iii) support nutrient recycling practices at multiple scales, (iv) adapt aquafeed formulations, (v) inform consumers about benefits of species of low trophic levels and other environmentally friendly aquatic foods, and (vi) address urgent research gaps.

Published
2024
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13. Exploring the factors that contribute to the successful implementation of antimicrobial resistance interventions: a comparison of high-income and low-middle-income countries

Author

Graells, Tiscar, primary, Lambraki, Irene A., additional, Cousins, Melanie, additional, Léger, Anaïs, additional, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., additional, Troell, Max, additional, Carson, Carolee A., additional, Parmley, Elizabeth Jane, additional, Majowicz, Shannon E., additional, Wernli, Didier, additional, and Jørgensen, Peter Søgaard, additional

Published
2023
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14. Transforming sustainable aquaculture by applying circularity principles

Author

Chary, Killian, primary, van Riel, Anne‐Jo, additional, Muscat, Abigail, additional, Wilfart, Aurélie, additional, Harchaoui, Souhil, additional, Verdegem, Marc, additional, Filgueira, Ramón, additional, Troell, Max, additional, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., additional, de Boer, Imke J. M., additional, and Wiegertjes, Geert F., additional

Published
2023
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15. Is scientific evidence enough? Using expert opinion to fill gaps in data in antimicrobial resistance research

Author

Cousins, Melanie, primary, Parmley, E. Jane, additional, Greer, Amy L., additional, Neiterman, Elena, additional, Lambraki, Irene A., additional, Graells, Tiscar, additional, Léger, Anaïs, additional, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., additional, Troell, Max, additional, Wernli, Didier, additional, Søgaard Jørgensen, Peter, additional, Carson, Carolee A., additional, and Majowicz, Shannon E., additional

Published
2023
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18. Is scientific evidence enough? Using expert opinion to fill gaps in data in antimicrobial resistance research

Author

Cousins, Melanie, Parmley, E. Jane, Greer, Amy L., Neiterman, Elena, Lambraki, Irene A., Graells, Tiscar, Léger, Anaïs, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Troell, Max, Wernli, Didier, Søgaard Jørgensen, Peter, Carson, Carolee A., Majowicz, Shannon E., Cousins, Melanie, Parmley, E. Jane, Greer, Amy L., Neiterman, Elena, Lambraki, Irene A., Graells, Tiscar, Léger, Anaïs, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Troell, Max, Wernli, Didier, Søgaard Jørgensen, Peter, Carson, Carolee A., and Majowicz, Shannon E.

Abstract

Background Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is a global problem with large health and economic consequences. Current gaps in quantitative data are a major limitation for creating models intended to simulate the drivers of AMR. As an intermediate step, expert knowledge and opinion could be utilized to fill gaps in knowledge for areas of the system where quantitative data does not yet exist or are hard to quantify. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify quantifiable data about the current state of the factors that drive AMR and the strengths and directions of relationships between the factors from statements made by a group of experts from the One Health system that drives AMR development and transmission in a European context. Methods This study builds upon previous work that developed a causal loop diagram of AMR using input from two workshops conducted in 2019 in Sweden with experts within the European food system context. A secondary analysis of the workshop transcripts was conducted to identify semi-quantitative data to parameterize drivers in a model of AMR. Main findings Participants spoke about AMR by combining their personal experiences with professional expertise within their fields. The analysis of participants’ statements provided semi-quantitative data that can help inform a future of AMR emergence and transmission based on a causal loop diagram of AMR in a Swedish One Health system context. Conclusion Using transcripts of a workshop including participants with diverse expertise across the system that drives AMR, we gained invaluable insight into the past, current, and potential future states of the major drivers of AMR, particularly where quantitative data are lacking.

Published
2023
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19. Exploring the factors that contribute to the successful implementation of antimicrobial resistance interventions : a comparison of high-income and low-middle-income countries

Author

Graells, Tiscar, Lambraki, Irene A., Cousins, Melanie, Leger, Anais, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Troell, Max, Carson, Carolee A., Parmley, Elizabeth Jane, Majowicz, Shannon E., Wernli, Didier, Søgaard Jørgensen, Peter, Graells, Tiscar, Lambraki, Irene A., Cousins, Melanie, Leger, Anais, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Troell, Max, Carson, Carolee A., Parmley, Elizabeth Jane, Majowicz, Shannon E., Wernli, Didier, and Søgaard Jørgensen, Peter

Abstract

IntroductionAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a challenge to modern medicine. Interventions have been applied worldwide to tackle AMR, but these actions are often not reported to peers or published, leading to important knowledge gaps about what actions are being taken. Understanding factors that influence the implementation of AMR interventions and what factors are relevant in low-middle-income countries (LMICs) and high-income countries (HICs) were the key objectives of this exploratory study, with the aim to identifying which priorities these contexts need.MethodsA questionnaire was used to explore context, characteristics, and success factors or obstacles to intervention success based on participant input. The context was analyzed using the AMR-Intervene framework, and success factors and obstacles to intervention success were identified using thematic analysis.ResultsOf the 77 interventions, 57 were implemented in HICs and 17 in LMICs. Interventions took place in the animal sector, followed by the human sector. Public organizations were mainly responsible for implementation and funding. Nine themes and 32 sub-themes emerged as important for intervention success. The themes most frequently reported were 'behavior', 'capacity and resources', 'planning', and 'information'. Five sub-themes were key in all contexts ('collaboration and coordination', 'implementation', 'assessment', 'governance', and 'awareness'), two were key in LMICs ('funding and finances' and 'surveillance, antimicrobial susceptibility testing and preventive screening'), and five were key in HICs ('mandatory', 'multiple profiles', 'personnel', 'management', and 'design').ConclusionLMIC sub-themes showed that funding and surveillance were still key issues for interventions, while important HIC sub-themes were more specific and detailed, including mandatory enforcement, multiple profiles, and personnel needed for good management and good design. While behavior is often underrated when implementing A

Published
2023
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20. Fuel use intensity of hilsa fisheries in the lower meghna river estuaty of Bangladesh

Author

Zaman, Uz Atik, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Mamun, Abdullah-Al, Zaman, Uz Atik, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., and Mamun, Abdullah-Al

Abstract

Among the species caught by small-scale fisheries in Bangladesh, hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) is the most important by volume and of great cultural importance. Hilsa fishing boats have over the last decade been mechanized, enabling longer trips and larger hauls. This development has, however, also resulted in increased fishing pressure and increased reliance on fossil fuels. This study estimates the fuel use intensity (FUI) of hilsa fishing, calculated as fuel per unit landed mass of hilsa at one of the main landing stations (Chairman ghat) in the coastal area of Noakhali district, Bangladesh. Primary data were collected from three types of artisanal fishing boats commonly used in hilsa fisheries, namely small boats (Choto/Khosa tempo), medium boats (Tempo), and large boats. Our results show a higher fuel use intensity in small boats (750 +/- 468 l t-1), compared to medium (495 +/- 270 l t-1) and large boats (576 +/- 365 l t-1). Considering the gross catch and total fuel consumption of all boats, the absolute FUI is estimated at 463 l t-1. Thus, the FUI of hilsa fishing is slightly lower than the average for global fisheries FUI (489 l t-1). In terms of greenhouse gas (GHG), not including other lifecycle inputs (e.g. infrastructure, ice, supply chain etc.) than fuel (i.e. diesel, LPG, and wood), the average global warming impact is 1.72 +/- 0.34 tonnes CO2-eq. t-1 overall catch. This study provides a baseline estimate for FUI and GHG emissions from contemporary hilsa fishing, and proposes solutions for addressing environmental issues and improving the overall performance of the sector.

Published
2023
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26. Studying Factors Affecting Success of Antimicrobial Resistance Interventions through the Lens of Experience: A Thematic Analysis

Author

Graells, Tiscar, primary, Lambraki, Irene A., additional, Cousins, Melanie, additional, Léger, Anaïs, additional, Lillepold, Kate, additional, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., additional, Troell, Max, additional, Carson, Carolee A., additional, Parmley, Elizabeth Jane, additional, Majowicz, Shannon E., additional, Wernli, Didier, additional, and Jørgensen, Peter Søgaard, additional

Published
2022
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27. Life cycle assessment of Indonesian canned crab (Portunus pelagicus)

Author

Wiloso, Edi Iswanto, Romli, Muhammad, Nugraha, Bambang Arif, Wiloso, Adisa Ramadhan, Setiawan, Arief Ameir Rahman, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Wiloso, Edi Iswanto, Romli, Muhammad, Nugraha, Bambang Arif, Wiloso, Adisa Ramadhan, Setiawan, Arief Ameir Rahman, and Henriksson, Patrik J. G.

Abstract

Indonesia is an archipelagic country with abundant marine wealth that makes it the world's second largest producer of fish after China. While most of Indonesia's capture marine fisheries (80%) are consumed domestically, around 90% of blue swimming crab (BSC) products are exported, mainly in cans. This makes up almost half of all BSC products on the global market, with the United States and the European Union being the main importers. We carried out a life cycle assessment (LCA) of canned BSC products from Indonesia. Our LCA evaluated the production of “one tonne of canned BSC” at market as a functional unit (FU), with a cradle-to-market system boundary, encompassing wild capture, preprocessing, processing, and distribution to the port of destination at home and abroad. The processing stage was found to be the highest contributor (hotspot) for most of the impact categories considered, mainly due to the use of tin cans for packaging. Despite producing less by-catch, BSC caught with traps resulted in around threefold greater global warming impact per FU than those caught using nets. We also concluded that BSC meat produced in Java is environmentally preferable to that from Sumatra, as most of the shells were sold as coproducts. In addition to recycling and substitution of packaging materials, environmental improvements can also be obtained by increasing the number of shell-processing facilities outside Java. The results of this study can be used by the Indonesian government to develop more sustainable practices to avoid overexploitation of BSC and limit its environmental impacts.

Published
2022
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28. Farming the Ocean – Seaweeds as a Quick Fix for the Climate?

Author

Troell, Max, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Buschmann, A. H., Chopin, T., Quahe, S., Troell, Max, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Buschmann, A. H., Chopin, T., and Quahe, S.

Abstract

Finding ways to keep global warming under 1.5 degrees Celsius is urgent and will need a portfolio of solutions. Seaweeds are marine photosynthetic organisms that humans harvest either from the wild or farm, to be used in many applications and providing various ecosystem services. Large scale farming of seaweeds for absorbing carbon has lately been promoted as a climate “fix”. The major shortcomings of this argument relate to the idea that a carbon sink function should exist through carbon accumulation in seaweed biomass simultaneously as seaweeds are consumed as food by humans, fed to animals, or used in many alternative applications. This carbon instead enters the fast carbon cycle and does not provide any “carbon sink” function. Radical suggestions of intentionally transfer of farmed seaweeds to the deep-sea to accomplish a longer removal are highly questionable from feasibility, economic, ecosystem effects and ethical resource use perspectives. Development of “ocean forests” for carbon capturing through farming should not be compared to forests on land as these provide carbon removal from the atmosphere at sufficiently long time scales to be qualified as carbon sequestration - thus making a difference related to reducing atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. Seaweeds can, however, play a role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions from the overall food system through carbon offset - i.e. if replacing food, feed, and/or materials that have larger carbon footprints. The fate/cycling of carbon as particulate and dissolved matter from both farmed and wild seaweeds, are however not fully understood, especially with respect to pathways and time scales relevant for carbon removal/storage. Another potential pathway for their role in decarbonization may be through reducing enteric methane emissions from ruminants and also through bioenergy production. More research is, however, needed for understanding the contributions from such interventions. Presenting seaweed farmi

Published
2022
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29. Sustainable optimization of global aquatic omega-3 supply chain could substantially narrow the nutrient gap

Author

Shepon, Alon, Makov, Tamar, Hamilton, Helen A., Müller, Daniel B., Gephart, Jessica A., Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Troell, Max, Golden, Christopher D., Shepon, Alon, Makov, Tamar, Hamilton, Helen A., Müller, Daniel B., Gephart, Jessica A., Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Troell, Max, and Golden, Christopher D.

Abstract

Omega-3 EPA and DHA fatty acids are vital for human health, but current human nutritional requirements are greater than supply. This nutrient gap is poised to increase as demand increases and the abundance of aquatic foods and the amount of omega-3 they contain may dwindle due to climate change and overfishing. Identifying and mitigating loss and inefficiencies across the global aquatic supply chain has great potential for narrowing this nutrient gap. Here, using an optimization model, we show that omega-3 supply to humans could potentially increase by as much as 50% (reaching 630 kt y−1) compared to present baseline by shifting feed inputs to produce species that have the highest omega-3 content per feed input (i.e. carp and crustaceans), diverting other production flows towards direct wild fish consumption, improving byproduct utilization, and reducing waste at the retail and consumer level. We then discuss the implications of our findings by prioritizing policies and identifying demand- and supply-side interventions to realize these ambitious changes. This work emphasizes the urgency needed in managing aquatic resources towards greater utilization of resources and highlights the extent to which even partial adaptation of the measures we propose can have on narrowing the present and future nutrient gap as novel alternative sources of omega-3 become available on a larger scale.

Published
2022
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30. Studying Factors Affecting Success of Antimicrobial Resistance Interventions through the Lens of Experience : A Thematic Analysis

Author

Graells, Tiscar, Lambraki, Irene A., Cousins, Melanie, Leger, Anaïs, Lillepold, Kate, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Troell, Max, Carson, Carolee A., Parmley, Elizabeth Jane, Majowicz, Shannon E., Wernli, Didier, Søgaard Jørgensen, Peter, Graells, Tiscar, Lambraki, Irene A., Cousins, Melanie, Leger, Anaïs, Lillepold, Kate, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Troell, Max, Carson, Carolee A., Parmley, Elizabeth Jane, Majowicz, Shannon E., Wernli, Didier, and Søgaard Jørgensen, Peter

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) affects the environment, and animal and human health. Institutions worldwide have applied various measures, some of which have reduced antimicrobial use and AMR. However, little is known about factors influencing the success of AMR interventions. To address this gap, we engaged health professionals, designers, and implementers of AMR interventions in an exploratory study to learn about their experience and factors that challenged or facilitated interventions and the context in which interventions were implemented. Based on participant input, our thematic analysis identified behaviour; institutional governance and management; and sharing and enhancing information as key factors influencing success. Important sub-themes included: correct behaviour reinforcement, financial resources, training, assessment, and awareness of AMR. Overall, interventions were located in high-income countries, the human sector, and were publicly funded and implemented. In these contexts, behaviour patterns strongly influenced success, yet are often underrated or overlooked when designing AMR interventions. Improving our understanding of what contributes to successful interventions would allow for better designs of policies that are tailored to specific contexts. Exploratory approaches can provide encouraging results in complex challenges, as made evident in our study. Remaining challenges include more engagement in this type of study by professionals and characterisation of themes that influence intervention outcomes by context.

Published
2022
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32. Environmental performance of blue foods

Author

Gephart, Jessica A, Henriksson, Patrik J G, Parker, Robert W R, Shepon, Alon, Gorospe, Kelvin D, Bergman, Kristina, Eshel, Gidon, Golden, Christopher D, Halpern, Benjamin S, Hornborg, Sara, Jonell, Malin, Metian, Marc, Mifflin, Kathleen, Newton, Richard, Tyedmers, Peter, Zhang, Wenbo, Ziegler, Friederike, and Troell, Max

Subjects
Environmental impact, Sustainability
Abstract

Fish and other aquatic foods (blue foods) present an opportunity for more sustainable diets1,2. Yet comprehensive comparison has been limited due to sparse inclusion of blue foods in environmental impact studies3,4 relative to the vast diversity of production5. Here we provide standardized estimates of greenhouse gas, nitrogen, phosphorus, freshwater and land stressors for species groups covering nearly three quarters of global production. We find that across all blue foods, farmed bivalves and seaweeds generate the lowest stressors. Capture fisheries predominantly generate greenhouse gas emissions, with small pelagic fishes generating lower emissions than all fed aquaculture, but flatfish and crustaceans generating the highest. Among farmed finfish and crustaceans, silver and bighead carps have the lowest greenhouse gas, nitrogen and phosphorus emissions, but highest water use, while farmed salmon and trout use the least land and water. Finally, we model intervention scenarios and find improving feed conversion ratios reduces stressors across all fed groups, increasing fish yield reduces land and water use by up to half, and optimizing gears reduces capture fishery emissions by more than half for some groups. Collectively, our analysis identifies high-performing blue foods, highlights opportunities to improve environmental performance, advances data-poor environmental assessments, and informs sustainable diets.

Published
2021

33. Evolving Perspectives of Stewardship in the Seafood Industry

Author

Blasiak, Robert, primary, Dauriach, Alice, additional, Jouffray, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Folke, Carl, additional, Österblom, Henrik, additional, Bebbington, Jan, additional, Bengtsson, Frida, additional, Causevic, Amar, additional, Geerts, Bas, additional, Grønbrekk, Wenche, additional, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., additional, Käll, Sofia, additional, Leadbitter, Duncan, additional, McBain, Darian, additional, Crespo, Guillermo Ortuño, additional, Packer, Helen, additional, Sakaguchi, Isao, additional, Schultz, Lisen, additional, Selig, Elizabeth R., additional, Troell, Max, additional, Villalón, José, additional, Wabnitz, Colette C. C., additional, Wassénius, Emmy, additional, Watson, Reg A., additional, Yagi, Nobuyuki, additional, and Crona, Beatrice, additional

Published
2021
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34. Evolving Perspectives of Stewardship in the Seafood Industry

Author

Blasiak, Robert, Dauriach, Alice, Jouffray, Jean-Baptiste, Folke, Carl, Österblom, Henrik, Bebbington, Jan, Bengtsson, Frida, Causevic, Amar, Geerts, Bas, Grønbrekk, Wenche, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Käll, Sofia, Leadbitter, Duncan, McBain, Darian, Ortuño Crespo, Guillermo, Packer, Helen, Sakaguchi, Isao, Schultz, Lisen, Selig, Elizabeth R., Troell, Max, Villalón, José, Wabnitz, Colette C. C., Wassénius, Emmy, Watson, Reg A., Yagi, Nobuyuki, Crona, Beatrice, Blasiak, Robert, Dauriach, Alice, Jouffray, Jean-Baptiste, Folke, Carl, Österblom, Henrik, Bebbington, Jan, Bengtsson, Frida, Causevic, Amar, Geerts, Bas, Grønbrekk, Wenche, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Käll, Sofia, Leadbitter, Duncan, McBain, Darian, Ortuño Crespo, Guillermo, Packer, Helen, Sakaguchi, Isao, Schultz, Lisen, Selig, Elizabeth R., Troell, Max, Villalón, José, Wabnitz, Colette C. C., Wassénius, Emmy, Watson, Reg A., Yagi, Nobuyuki, and Crona, Beatrice

Abstract

Humanity has never benefited more from the ocean as a source of food, livelihoods, and well-being, yet on a global scale this has been accompanied by trajectories of degradation and persistent inequity. Awareness of this has spurred policymakers to develop an expanding network of ocean governance instruments, catalyzed civil society pressure on the public and private sector, and motivated engagement by the general public as consumers and constituents. Among local communities, diverse examples of stewardship have rested on the foundation of care, knowledge and agency. But does an analog for stewardship exist in the context of globally active multinational corporations? Here, we consider the seafood industry and its efforts to navigate this new reality through private governance. We examine paradigmatic events in the history of the sustainable seafood movement, from seafood boycotts in the 1970s through to the emergence of certification measures, benchmarks, and diverse voluntary environmental programs. We note four dimensions of stewardship in which efforts by actors within the seafood industry have aligned with theoretical concepts of stewardship, which we describe as (1) moving beyond compliance, (2) taking a systems perspective, (3) living with uncertainty, and (4) understanding humans as embedded elements of the biosphere. In conclusion, we identify emerging stewardship challenges for the seafood industry and suggest the urgent need to embrace a broader notion of ocean stewardship that extends beyond seafood.

Published
2021
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35. Characterizing antibiotics in LCA-a review of current practices and proposed novel approaches for including resistance

Author

Nyberg, Oskar, Rico, A., Guinee, J. B., Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Nyberg, Oskar, Rico, A., Guinee, J. B., and Henriksson, Patrik J. G.

Abstract

Purpose: With antibiotic resistance (ABR) portrayed as an increasing burden to human health, this study reviews how and to what extent toxicological impacts from antibiotic use are included in LCAs and supplement this with two novel approaches to include ABR, a consequence of antibiotic use, into the LCA framework. Methods: We review available LCA studies that deal with toxicological aspects of antibiotics to evaluate how these impacts from antibiotics have been characterized. Then, we present two novel approaches for including ABR-related impacts in life cycle impact assessments (LCIAs). The first approach characterizes the potential for ABR enrichment in the environmental compartment as a mid-point indicator, based on minimum selective concentrations for pathogenic bacteria. The second approach attributes human health impacts as an endpoint indictor, using quantitative relationships between the use of antibiotics and human well-being. Results and discussion: Our findings show that no LCA study to date have accounted for impacts related to ABR. In response, we show that our novel mid-point indicator approach could address this by allowing ABR impacts to be characterized for environmental compartments. We also establish cause-effect pathways between antibiotic use, ABR, and human well-being that generate results which are comparable with USEtox and most endpoint impact assessment approaches for human toxicology. Conclusions: Our proposed methods show that currently overlooked impacts from ABR enrichment in the environment could be captured within the LCA framework as a robust characterization methodology built around the established impact model USEtox. Substantial amounts of currently unavailable data are, however, needed to calculate emissions of antibiotics into the environment, to develop minimum selective concentrations for non-pathogenic bacteria, and to quantify potential human health impacts from AB use.

Published
2021
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36. AMR-Intervene : a social-ecological framework to capture the diversity of actions to tackle antimicrobial resistance from a One Health perspective

Author

Léger, Anaïs, Lambraki, Irene, Graells, Tiscar, Cousins, Melanie, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Harbarth, Stephan, Carson, Carolee, Majowicz, Shannon, Troell, Max, Parmley, E. Jane, S. Jørgensen, Peter, Wernli, Didier, Léger, Anaïs, Lambraki, Irene, Graells, Tiscar, Cousins, Melanie, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Harbarth, Stephan, Carson, Carolee, Majowicz, Shannon, Troell, Max, Parmley, E. Jane, S. Jørgensen, Peter, and Wernli, Didier

Abstract

The global threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) requires coordinated actions by and across different sectors. Increasing attention at the global and national Levels has Led to different strategies to tackle the challenge. The diversity of possible actions to address AMR is currently not well understood from a One Health perspective. AMR-Intervene, an interdisciplinary social-ecological framework, describes interventions to tackle AMR in terms of six components: (i) core information about the publication; (ii) social system; (iii) bio-ecological system; (iv) triggers and goals; (v) implementation and governance; and (vi) assessment. AMR-Intervene provides a broadly applicable framework, which can inform the design, implementation, assessment and reporting of interventions to tackle AMR and, in turn, enable faster uptake of successful interventions to build societal resilience to AMR.

Published
2021
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39. AMR-Intervene: a social–ecological framework to capture the diversity of actions to tackle antimicrobial resistance from a One Health perspective

Author

Léger, Anaïs, primary, Lambraki, Irene, additional, Graells, Tiscar, additional, Cousins, Melanie, additional, Henriksson, Patrik J G, additional, Harbarth, Stephan, additional, Carson, Carolee, additional, Majowicz, Shannon, additional, Troell, Max, additional, Parmley, E Jane, additional, Jørgensen, Peter S, additional, and Wernli, Didier, additional

Published
2020
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40. Coevolutionary Governance of Antibiotic and Pesticide Resistance

Author

Jorgensen, Peter Sogaard, Folke, Carl, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Malmros, Karin, Troell, Max, Zorzet, Anna, Aktipis, Athena, Brown, Zachary, Corriere, Yves, Downes, Sharon, Dunn, Robert R., Epstein, Graham, Frisvold, George, Grohn, Yrjo, Gujar, Govind Tikaramsa, Hawthorne, David, Jasovsky, Dusan, Klein, Eili Y., Klein, Franziska, Lhermie, Guillaume, Mota-Sanchez, David, Omoto, Celso, Scott, H. Morgan, Wemli, Didier, Carroll, Scott P., Jorgensen, Peter Sogaard, Folke, Carl, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Malmros, Karin, Troell, Max, Zorzet, Anna, Aktipis, Athena, Brown, Zachary, Corriere, Yves, Downes, Sharon, Dunn, Robert R., Epstein, Graham, Frisvold, George, Grohn, Yrjo, Gujar, Govind Tikaramsa, Hawthorne, David, Jasovsky, Dusan, Klein, Eili Y., Klein, Franziska, Lhermie, Guillaume, Mota-Sanchez, David, Omoto, Celso, Scott, H. Morgan, Wemli, Didier, and Carroll, Scott P.

Abstract

Development of new biocides has dominated human responses to evolution of antibiotic and pesticide resistance. Increasing and uniform biocide use, the spread of resistance genes, and the lack of new classes of compounds indicate the importance of navigating toward more sustainable coevolutionary dynamics between human culture and species that evolve resistance. To inform this challenge, we introduce the concept of coevolutionary governance and propose three priorities for its implementation: (i) new norms and mental models for lowering use, (ii) diversifying practices to reduce directional selection, and (iii) investment in collective action institutions to govern connectivity. We highlight the availability of solutions that facilitate broader sustainable development, which for antibiotic resistance include improved sanitation and hygiene, strong health systems, and decreased meat consumption.

Published
2020
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41. China at a Crossroads : An Analysis of China's Changing Seafood Production and Consumption

Author

Crona, Beatrice, Wassénius, Emmy, Troell, Max, Barclay, Kate, Mallory, Tabitha, Fabinyi, Michael, Zhang, Wenbo, Lam, Vicky W.Y., Cao, Ling, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Eriksson, Hampus, Crona, Beatrice, Wassénius, Emmy, Troell, Max, Barclay, Kate, Mallory, Tabitha, Fabinyi, Michael, Zhang, Wenbo, Lam, Vicky W.Y., Cao, Ling, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., and Eriksson, Hampus

Abstract

China is a key player in global production, consumption, and trade of seafood. Given this dominance, Chinese choices regarding what seafood to eat, and how and where to source it, are increasingly important—for China, and for the rest of the world. This perspective explores this issue using a transdisciplinary approach and discusses plausible trajectories and implications for assumptions of future modeling efforts and global environmental sustainability and seafood supply. We outline China's 2030 projected domestic seafood production and consumption through an examination of available statistics, and qualitatively evaluate these in relation to key stated Chinese policy targets, consumer trends, and dominant political narratives. Our analysis shows that by 2030 China is likely to see seafood consumption outstrip domestic production. To meet the seafood gap China will likely attempt to increase domestic freshwater and offshore aquaculture, increase seafood imports, possibly expand the distant water fishing industry, and invest in seafood production abroad.

Published
2020
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42. Evidence for action : a One Health learning platform on interventions to tackle antimicrobial resistance

Author

Wernli, D., Jørgensen, Peter S., Parmley, E. J., Troell, Max, Majowicz, S., Harbarth, S., Léger, A., Lambraki, I., Graells, T., Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Carson, C., Cousins, M., Skoog Ståhlgren, G., Mohan, C. V., Simpson, A. J. H., Wieland, B., Pedersen, K., Schneider, A., Chandy, S. J., Wijayathilaka, T. P., Delamare-Deboutteville, J., Vila, J., Stålsby Lundborg, C., Pittet, D., Wernli, D., Jørgensen, Peter S., Parmley, E. J., Troell, Max, Majowicz, S., Harbarth, S., Léger, A., Lambraki, I., Graells, T., Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Carson, C., Cousins, M., Skoog Ståhlgren, G., Mohan, C. V., Simpson, A. J. H., Wieland, B., Pedersen, K., Schneider, A., Chandy, S. J., Wijayathilaka, T. P., Delamare-Deboutteville, J., Vila, J., Stålsby Lundborg, C., and Pittet, D.

Published
2020
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43. Coevolutionary Governance of Antibiotic and Pesticide Resistance

Author

Søgaard Jørgensen, Peter, Folke, Carl, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Malmros, Karin, Troell, Max, Zorzet, Anna, Aktipis, Athena, Brown, Zachary, Corriere, Yves, Downes, Sharon, Dunn, Robert R., Epstein, Graham, Frisvold, George, Grohn, Yrjo, Gujar, Govind Tikaramsa, Hawthorne, David, Jasovsky, Dusan, Klein, Eili Y., Klein, Franziska, Lhermie, Guillaume, Mota-Sanchez, David, Omoto, Celso, Scott, H. Morgan, Wemli, Didier, Carroll, Scott P., Søgaard Jørgensen, Peter, Folke, Carl, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Malmros, Karin, Troell, Max, Zorzet, Anna, Aktipis, Athena, Brown, Zachary, Corriere, Yves, Downes, Sharon, Dunn, Robert R., Epstein, Graham, Frisvold, George, Grohn, Yrjo, Gujar, Govind Tikaramsa, Hawthorne, David, Jasovsky, Dusan, Klein, Eili Y., Klein, Franziska, Lhermie, Guillaume, Mota-Sanchez, David, Omoto, Celso, Scott, H. Morgan, Wemli, Didier, and Carroll, Scott P.

Abstract

Development of new biocides has dominated human responses to evolution of antibiotic and pesticide resistance. Increasing and uniform biocide use, the spread of resistance genes, and the lack of new classes of compounds indicate the importance of navigating toward more sustainable coevolutionary dynamics between human culture and species that evolve resistance. To inform this challenge, we introduce the concept of coevolutionary governance and propose three priorities for its implementation: (i) new norms and mental models for lowering use, (ii) diversifying practices to reduce directional selection, and (iii) investment in collective action institutions to govern connectivity. We highlight the availability of solutions that facilitate broader sustainable development, which for antibiotic resistance include improved sanitation and hygiene, strong health systems, and decreased meat consumption.

Published
2020
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44. Recirculating Aquaculture Is Possible without Major Energy Tradeoff : Life Cycle Assessment of Warmwater Fish Farming in Sweden

Author

Bergman, Kristina, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Hornborg, Sara, Troell, Max, Borthwick, Louisa, Jonell, Malin, Philis, Gaspard, Ziegler, Friederike, Bergman, Kristina, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Hornborg, Sara, Troell, Max, Borthwick, Louisa, Jonell, Malin, Philis, Gaspard, and Ziegler, Friederike

Abstract

Seafood is seen as promising for more sustainable diets. The increasing production in land-based closed Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RASs) has overcome many local environmental challenges with traditional open net-pen systems such as eutrophication. The energy needed to maintain suitable water quality, with associated emissions, has however been seen as challenging from a global perspective. This study uses Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to investigate the environmental performance and improvement potentials of a commercial RAS farm of tilapia and Clarias in Sweden. The environmental impact categories and indicators considered were freshwater eutrophication, climate change, energy demand, land use, and dependency on animal-source feed inputs per kg of fillet. We found that feed production contributed most to all environmental impacts (between 67 and 98%) except for energy demand for tilapia, contradicting previous findings that farm-level energy use is a driver of environmental pressures. The main improvement potentials include improved by-product utilization and use of a larger proportion of plant-based feed ingredients. Together with further smaller improvement potential identified, this suggests that RASs may play a more important role in a future, environmentally sustainable food system.

Published
2020
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45. Reframing the sustainable seafood narrative

Author

Tlusty, Michael F., Tyedmers, Peter, Bailey, Megan, Ziegler, Friederike, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Béné, Christophe, Bush, Simon, Newton, Richard, Asche, Frank, Little, David C., Troell, Max, Jonell, Malin, Tlusty, Michael F., Tyedmers, Peter, Bailey, Megan, Ziegler, Friederike, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Béné, Christophe, Bush, Simon, Newton, Richard, Asche, Frank, Little, David C., Troell, Max, and Jonell, Malin

Abstract

The dominant sustainable seafood narrative is one where developed world markets catalyze practice improvements by fisheries and aquaculture producers that enhance ocean health. The narrow framing of seafood sustainability in terms of aquaculture or fisheries management and ocean health has contributed to the omission of these important food production systems from the discussion on global food system sustainability. This omission is problematic. Seafood makes critical contributions to food and nutrition security, particularly in low income countries, and is often a more sustainable and nutrient rich source of animal sourced-food than terrestrial meat production. We argue that to maximize the positive contributions that seafood can make to sustainable food systems, the conventional narratives that prioritize seafood's role in promoting 'ocean health' need to be reframed and cover a broader set of environmental and social dimensions of sustainability. The focus of the narrative also needs to move from a producer-centric to a 'whole chain' perspective that includes greater inclusion of the later stages with a focus on food waste, by-product utilization and consumption. Moreover, seafood should not be treated as a single aggregated item in sustainability assessments. Rather, it should be recognized as a highly diverse set of foods, with variable environmental impacts, edible yield rates and nutritional profiles. Clarifying discussions around seafood will help to deepen the integration of fisheries and aquaculture into the global agenda on sustainable food production, trade and consumption, and assist governments, private sector actors, NGOs and academics alike in identifying where improvements can be made.

Published
2019
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46. Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable

Author

Kehoe, Laura, Reis, Tiago, Virah-Sawmy, Malika, Balmford, Andrew, Kuemmerle, Tobias, Knohl, Alexander, Antonelli, Alexandre, Hochkirch, Axel, Vira, Bhaskar, Massa, Bruno, Peres, Carlos A., Ammer, Christian, Goerg, Christoph, Schneider, Christoph, Curtis, David, de la Pena, Eduardo, Tello, Enric, Sperfeld, Erik, Corbera, Esteve, Morelli, Federico, Valladares, Fernando, Peterson, Garry, Hide, Geoff, Mace, Georgina, Kallis, Giorgos, Olsson, Gunilla Almered, Brumelis, Guntis, Alexanderson, Helena, Haberl, Helmut, Nuissl, Henning, Kreft, Holger, Ghazoul, Jaboury, Piotrowski, Jan A., Macdiarmid, Jennie, Newig, Jens, Fischer, Joern, Altringham, John, Gledhill, John, Nielsen, Jonas O., Mueller, Joerg, Palmeirim, Jorge, Barlow, Jos, Alonso, Juan C., Presa Asencio, Juan Jose, Steinberger, Julia K., Jones, Julia Patricia Gordon, Cabral, Juliano Sarmento, Dengler, Juergen, Stibral, Karel, Erb, Karlheinz, Rothhaupt, Karl-Otto, Wiegand, Kerstin, Cassar, Louis F., Lens, Luc, Rosalino, Luis Miguel, Wassen, M. J., Stenseke, Marie, Fischer-Kowalski, Marina, Diaz, Mario, Rounsevell, Mark, van Kleunen, Mark, Junginger, Martin, Kaltenpoth, Martin, Zobel, Martin, Weigend, Maximilian, Partel, Meelis, Schilthuizen, Menno, Bastos Araujo, Miguel, Haklay, Muki, Eisenhauer, Nico, Selva, Nuria, Mertz, Ole, Meyfroidt, Patrick, Borges, Paulo A. V., Kovar, Pavel, Smith, Pete, Verburg, Peter, Pysek, Petr, Seppelt, Ralf, Valentini, Riccardo, Whittaker, Robert J., Henrique Faria, Sergio, Ulgiati, Sergio, Loetters, Stefan, Bjorck, Svante, Larson, Sven Ake, Tscharntke, Teja, Domingos, Tiago, Krueger, Tobias, Pascual, Unai, Olsson, Urban, Kati, Vassiliki, Winiwarter, Verena, Reyes-Garcia, Victoria, Vajda, Vivi, Sutherland, William J., de Waroux, Yann le Polain, Buckley, Yvonne, Rammig, Anja, Kasimir, Asa, Crona, Beatrice, Sindicic, Magda, Persson, Martin, Lapka, Miloslav, Di Gregorio, Monica, Hahn, Thomas, Boonstra, Wiebren, Lipsky, Zdenek, Zucaro, A., Roeder, Achim, Lopez Baucells, Adria, Danet, Alain, Franco, Aldina, Nieto Roman, Alejandra, Lehikoinen, Aleksi, Collalti, Alessio, Keller, Alexander, Strugariu, Alexandru, Perrigo, Allison, Fernandez-Llamazares, Alvaro, Salaseviciene, Alvija, Hinsley, Amy, Santos, Ana M. C., Novoa, Ana, Rodrigues, Ana, Mascarenhas, Andre, Martins, Andrea Damacena, Holzschuh, Andrea, Meseguer, Andrea S., Hadjichambis, Andreas, Mayer, Andreas, Hacket-Pain, Andrew, Ringsmuth, Andrew, de Frutos, Angel, Stein, Anke, Heikkinen, Anna, Smith, Annabel, Bjoersne, Anna-Karin, Bagneres, Anne-Genevieve, Machordom, Annie, Kristin, Anton, Ghoddousi, Arash, Staal, Arie, Martin, Arnaud, Taylor, Astrid, Borrell, Asuncion, Marescaux, Audrey, Torres, Aurora, Helm, Aveliina, Bauer, Barbara, Smetschka, Barbara, Rodriguez-Labajos, Beatriz, Peco, Begona, Gambin, Belinda, Celine, Bellard, Phalan, Ben, Cotta, Benedetta, Rugani, Benedetto, Jarcuska, Benjamin, Leroy, Boris, Nikolov, Boris Petrov, Milchev, Boyan Petrov, Brown, Calum, Ritter, Camila Duarte, Gomes, Carmen Bessa, Meyer, Carsten, Munteanu, Catalina, Penone, Caterina, Friis, Cecilie, Teplitsky, Celine, Roemer, Charlotte, Orland, Chloe, Voigt, Christian C., Levers, Christian, Zang, Christian, Bacon, Christine D., Meyer, Christoph, Wordley, Claire, Grilo, Clara, Cattaneo, Claudio, Battisti, Corrado, Banks-Leite, Cristina, Zurell, Damaris, Challender, Dan, Mueller, Daniel, Matenaar, Daniela, Silvestro, Daniele, McKay, David Armstrong, Buckley, David, Frantz, David, Gremillet, David, Mateos, David Moreno, Sanchez-Fernandez, David, Vieites, David, Ascoli, Davide, Arlt, Debora, Louis, Deharveng, Zemp, Delphine Clara, Strubbe, Diederik, Gil, Diego, Llusia, Diego, Bennett, Dominic J., Chobanov, Dragan Petrov, Aguilera, Eduardo, Oliveira, Eduardo, Pynegar, Edwin L., Granda, Elena, Grieco, Elisa, Conrad, Elisabeth, Revilla, Eloy, Lindkvist, Emilie, Caprio, Enrico, zu Ermgassen, Erasmus, Berenguer, Erika, Ochu, Erinma, Polaina, Ester, Nuernberger, Fabian, Esculier, Fabien, de Castro, Fabio, Albanito, Fabrizio, Langerwisch, Fanny, Batsleer, Femke, Ascensao, Fernando, Moyano, Fernando Esteban, Sayol, Ferran, Buzzetti, Filippo Maria, Eiro, Flavio, Volaire, Florence, Gollnow, Florian, Menzel, Florian, Pilo, Francesca, Moreira, Francisco, Briens, Francois, Essl, Franz, Vlahos, George, Billen, Gilles, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Wong, Grace, Gruychev, Gradimir Valentinov, Fandos, Guillermo, Petter, Gunnar, Sinare, Hanna, Mumby, Hannah S., Cottyn, Hanne, Seebens, Hanno, Bjorklund, Heidi, Schroeder, Heike, Lopez Hernandez, Heriberto D., Rebelo, Hugo, Chenet, Hugues, De la Riva, Ignacio, Torre, Ignasi, Aalders, Inge, Grass, Ingo, Chuine, Isabelle, Goepel, Jan, Wieringa, Jan J., Engler, Jan O., Pergl, Jan, Schnitzler, Jan, Vavra, Jan, Medvedovic, Jasna, Cabello, Javier, Martin, Jean-Louis, Mutke, Jens, Lewis, Jerome, da Silva, Jessica Fonseca, Marull, Joan, Carvalho, Joana, Carnicer, Jofre, Enqvist, Johan, Simaika, John P., Noguera, Jose C., Blanco Moreno, Jose M., Bruna, Josef, Garnier, Josette, Fargallo, Juan A., Rocha, Juan Carlos, Carrillo, Juan D., Infante-Amate, Juan, Traba Diaz, Juan, Schleicher, Judith, Simon, Judy, Noe, Julia Le, Gerlach, Justin, Eriksson, K. Martin, Prince, Karine, Ostapowicz, Katarzyna, Stajerova, Katerina, Farrell, Katharine N., Snell, Katherine, Yates, Katherine, Fleischer, Katrin, Darras, Kevin, Schumacher, Kim, Orach, Kirill, Thonicke, Kirsten, Riede, Klaus, Heller, Klaus-Gerhard, Wang-Erlandsson, Lan, Pereira, Laura, Riggi, Laura, Florez, Laura V., Emperaire, Laure, Durieux, Laurent, Tatin, Laurent, Rozylowicz, Laurentiu, Latella, Leonardo, Andresen, Louise C., Cahen-Fourot, Louison, de Agua, Luis Borda, Boto, Luis, Lassaletta, Luis, Amo, Luisa, Sekerka, Lukas, Morales, Manuel B., Macia, Manuel J., Suarez, Manuela Gonzalez, Cabeza, Mar, Londo, Marc, Pollet, Marc, Schwieder, Marcel, Peters, Marcell K., D'Amico, Marcello, Casazza, Marco, Florencio, Margarita, Felipe-Lucia, Maria, Gebara, Maria Fernanda, Johansson, Maria, Garcia, Maria Mancilla, Piquer-Rodriguez, Maria, Tengo, Maria, Elias, Marianne, Leve, Marine, Conde, Marta, Winter, Marten, Koster, Martijn, Mayer, Martin, Salek, Martin, Schlerf, Martin, Sullivan, Martin, Baumann, Matthias, Pichler, Melanie, Marselle, Melissa, Oddie, Melissa, Razanajatovo, Mialy, Borregaard, Michael Krabbe, Theurl, Michaela C., Hernandez, Miguel, Krofel, Miha, Kechev, Mihail Ognianov, Clark, Mike, Rands, Mike, Antal, Miklos, Pucetaite, Milda, Islar, Mine, Truong, Minh-Xuan A., Vighi, Morgana, Johanisova, Nadia, Prat, Narcis, Escobar, Neus, Deguines, Nicolas, Rust, Niki, Zafra-Calvo, Noelia, Maurel, Noelie, Wagner, Norman, Fitton, Nuala, Ostermann, Ole, Panferov, Oleg, Ange, Olivia, Canals, Oriol, Englund, Oskar, De Smedt, Pallieter, Petridis, Panos, Heikkurinen, Pasi, Weigelt, Patrick, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., de Castro, Paula Drummond, Matos-Maravi, Pavel, Duran, Paz, Aragon, Pedro, Cardoso, Pedro, Leitao, Pedro J., Hosner, Peter A., Biedermann, Peter, Keil, Petr, Petrik, Petr, Martin, Philip, Bocquillon, Pierre, Renaud, Pierre-Cyril, Addison, Prue, Antwis, Rachael, Carmenta, Rachel, Barrientos, Rafael, Smith, Rebecca, Rocha, Ricardo, Fuchs, Richard, Felix, Rob, Kanka, Robert, Aguilee, Robin, Padro Caminal, Roc, Libbrecht, Romain, Lorrilliere, Romain, van der Ent, Ruud J., Henders, Sabine, Pueyo, Salvador, Roturier, Samuel, Jacobs, Sander, Lavorel, Sandra, Leonhardt, Sara Diana, Fraixedas, Sara, Villen-Perez, Sara, Cornell, Sarah, Redlich, Sarah, De Smedt, Sebastian, van der Linden, Sebastian, Perez-Ortega, Sergio, Petrovan, Silviu, Cesarz, Simone, Sjoberg, Sissel, Caillon, Sophie, Schindler, Stefan, Trogisch, Stefan, Taiti, Stefano, Oppel, Steffen, Lutter, Stephan, Garnett, Tara, Guedes, Thais, Wanger, Thomas Cherico, Kastner, Thomas, Worthington, Thomas, Daw, Tim, Schmoll, Tim, McPhearson, Timon, Engl, Tobias, Rutting, Tobias, Vaclavik, Tomas, Jucker, Tommaso, Robillard, Tony, Krause, Torsten, Ljubomirov, Toshko, Aavik, Tsipe, Richardson, Vanessa A., Masterson, Vanessa Anne, Seufert, Verena, Cathy, Vet Gibault, Colino Rabanal, Victor, Montade, Vincent, Thieu, Vincent, Sober, Virve, Morin, Xavier, Mehrabi, Zia, Gonzalez, Adriana Trompetero, Sanz-Cobena, Alberto, Christie, Alec Philip, Romero-Munoz, Alfredo, Dauriach, Alice, Queiroz, Allan Souza, Golland, Ami, Evans, Amy Louise, Cordero, Ana Maria Araujo, Dara, Andrey, Rilovic, Andro, Pedersen, Anna Frohn, Csergo, Anna Maria, Lewerentz, Anne, Monserand, Antoine, Valdecasas, Antonio G., Doherty, Anya, Semper-Pascual, Asuncion, Bleyhl, Benjamin, Rutschmann, Benjamin, Bongalov, Boris, Hankerson, Brett, Heylen, Brigitte, Alonso-Alvarez, Carlos, Comandulli, Carolina, Frossard, Carolina M., Mckeon, Caroline, Godde, Cecile, Palm, Celinda, Singh, Chandrakant, Sieger, Charlotte Sophie, Ohrling, Christian, Paitan, Claudia Parra, Cooper, Conor, Edler, Daniel, Roessler, Daniela C., Kessner-Beierlein, Daniela, Garcia del Amo, David, Lopez Bosch, David, Gueldner, Dino, Noll, Domink, Motivans, Elena, Canteri, Elisabetta, Garnett, Emma, Malecore, Eva, Brambach, Fabian, Ruedenauer, Fabian, Yin, Fang, Hurtado, Fernando, Mempel, Finn, de Freitas, Flavio Luiz Mazzaro, Pendrill, Florence, Leijten, Floris, Somma, Francesca, Schug, Franz, De Knijf, Geert, Peterson, Gustaf, Pe'er, Guy, Booth, Hollie, Rhee, Howon, Staude, Ingmar, Gherghel, Iulian, Vila Traver, Jaime, Kerner, Janika, Hinton, Jennifer, Hortal, Joaquin, Persson, Joel, Uddling, Johan, Coenen, Johanna, Geldmann, Jonas, Geschke, Jonas, Juergensen, Jonathan, Lobo, Jorge M., Skejo, Josip, Heinen, Julia Helena, Schuenzel, Julia, Daniel-Ferreira, Juliana, Christophe Piquet, Julien, Murtough, Katie L., Prevel, Leonie, Hissa, Leticia B. V., af Segerstad, Louise Hard, Willemse, Luc, Benavides, Lucia, Sovova, Lucie, Figueiredo, Ludmilla, Leidinger, Ludwig, Piemontese, Luigi, da Fonte, Luis Fernando Marin, Moreta, Lys Sanz, Bhan, Manan, Toledo-Hernandez, Manuel, Engert, Manuela, Davoli, Marco, Mas Navarro, Maria, Voigt, Maria, Zirion, Maria, Wandl, Marie-Theres, Kipson, Marina, Johnson, Mark D., Lukic, Marko, Goula, Marta, Jung, Martin, Nunes, Matheus Henrique, Alvarez, Matheus Rodriguez, van den Burg, Matthijs P., Guerrero, Mayra Daniela Pena, Greenfield, Michael, Lobmann, Michael, Nygren, Michelle, Guth, Miriam Karen, Koh, Niak, Stanek, Nicola, Roux, Nicolas, Karagouni, Niki, Tiralla, Nina, Mairota, Paola, Savaget, Paulo, von Doehren, Peer, Benyei, Petra, Lena, Philippe, Rufin, Philippe, Janke, Rebekka, Santagata, Remo, Motta, Renzo, Battiston, Roberto, Oyanedel, Rodrigo, Bernardo-Madrid, Ruben, Vasconcelos, Sasha, Henriques, Sergio, Bager, Simon L., Qin, Siyu, Ivkovic, Slobodan, Cooke, Sophia, Ernst, Stefan, Schmelzer, Stefan, da Silva, Sven, Faberova, Tamara, Enseroth, Tanja, De Marzo, Teresa, Pienkowski, Thomas, Engel, Thore, Boehnert, Tim, Swinfield, Tom, Kurdikova, Vendula, Chvatalova, Veronika, Lopez-Marquez, Violeta, Arlidge, William, Zhang, Zhijie, Kehoe, Laura, Reis, Tiago, Virah-Sawmy, Malika, Balmford, Andrew, Kuemmerle, Tobias, Knohl, Alexander, Antonelli, Alexandre, Hochkirch, Axel, Vira, Bhaskar, Massa, Bruno, Peres, Carlos A., Ammer, Christian, Goerg, Christoph, Schneider, Christoph, Curtis, David, de la Pena, Eduardo, Tello, Enric, Sperfeld, Erik, Corbera, Esteve, Morelli, Federico, Valladares, Fernando, Peterson, Garry, Hide, Geoff, Mace, Georgina, Kallis, Giorgos, Olsson, Gunilla Almered, Brumelis, Guntis, Alexanderson, Helena, Haberl, Helmut, Nuissl, Henning, Kreft, Holger, Ghazoul, Jaboury, Piotrowski, Jan A., Macdiarmid, Jennie, Newig, Jens, Fischer, Joern, Altringham, John, Gledhill, John, Nielsen, Jonas O., Mueller, Joerg, Palmeirim, Jorge, Barlow, Jos, Alonso, Juan C., Presa Asencio, Juan Jose, Steinberger, Julia K., Jones, Julia Patricia Gordon, Cabral, Juliano Sarmento, Dengler, Juergen, Stibral, Karel, Erb, Karlheinz, Rothhaupt, Karl-Otto, Wiegand, Kerstin, Cassar, Louis F., Lens, Luc, Rosalino, Luis Miguel, Wassen, M. J., Stenseke, Marie, Fischer-Kowalski, Marina, Diaz, Mario, Rounsevell, Mark, van Kleunen, Mark, Junginger, Martin, Kaltenpoth, Martin, Zobel, Martin, Weigend, Maximilian, Partel, Meelis, Schilthuizen, Menno, Bastos Araujo, Miguel, Haklay, Muki, Eisenhauer, Nico, Selva, Nuria, Mertz, Ole, Meyfroidt, Patrick, Borges, Paulo A. V., Kovar, Pavel, Smith, Pete, Verburg, Peter, Pysek, Petr, Seppelt, Ralf, Valentini, Riccardo, Whittaker, Robert J., Henrique Faria, Sergio, Ulgiati, Sergio, Loetters, Stefan, Bjorck, Svante, Larson, Sven Ake, Tscharntke, Teja, Domingos, Tiago, Krueger, Tobias, Pascual, Unai, Olsson, Urban, Kati, Vassiliki, Winiwarter, Verena, Reyes-Garcia, Victoria, Vajda, Vivi, Sutherland, William J., de Waroux, Yann le Polain, Buckley, Yvonne, Rammig, Anja, Kasimir, Asa, Crona, Beatrice, Sindicic, Magda, Persson, Martin, Lapka, Miloslav, Di Gregorio, Monica, Hahn, Thomas, Boonstra, Wiebren, Lipsky, Zdenek, Zucaro, A., Roeder, Achim, Lopez Baucells, Adria, Danet, Alain, Franco, Aldina, Nieto Roman, Alejandra, Lehikoinen, Aleksi, Collalti, Alessio, Keller, Alexander, Strugariu, Alexandru, Perrigo, Allison, Fernandez-Llamazares, Alvaro, Salaseviciene, Alvija, Hinsley, Amy, Santos, Ana M. 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V., af Segerstad, Louise Hard, Willemse, Luc, Benavides, Lucia, Sovova, Lucie, Figueiredo, Ludmilla, Leidinger, Ludwig, Piemontese, Luigi, da Fonte, Luis Fernando Marin, Moreta, Lys Sanz, Bhan, Manan, Toledo-Hernandez, Manuel, Engert, Manuela, Davoli, Marco, Mas Navarro, Maria, Voigt, Maria, Zirion, Maria, Wandl, Marie-Theres, Kipson, Marina, Johnson, Mark D., Lukic, Marko, Goula, Marta, Jung, Martin, Nunes, Matheus Henrique, Alvarez, Matheus Rodriguez, van den Burg, Matthijs P., Guerrero, Mayra Daniela Pena, Greenfield, Michael, Lobmann, Michael, Nygren, Michelle, Guth, Miriam Karen, Koh, Niak, Stanek, Nicola, Roux, Nicolas, Karagouni, Niki, Tiralla, Nina, Mairota, Paola, Savaget, Paulo, von Doehren, Peer, Benyei, Petra, Lena, Philippe, Rufin, Philippe, Janke, Rebekka, Santagata, Remo, Motta, Renzo, Battiston, Roberto, Oyanedel, Rodrigo, Bernardo-Madrid, Ruben, Vasconcelos, Sasha, Henriques, Sergio, Bager, Simon L., Qin, Siyu, Ivkovic, Slobodan, Cooke, Sophia, Ernst, Stefan, Schmelzer, Stefan, da Silva, Sven, Faberova, Tamara, Enseroth, Tanja, De Marzo, Teresa, Pienkowski, Thomas, Engel, Thore, Boehnert, Tim, Swinfield, Tom, Kurdikova, Vendula, Chvatalova, Veronika, Lopez-Marquez, Violeta, Arlidge, William, and Zhang, Zhijie

Published
2019
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50. Inequality and the Biosphere

Author

Hamann, Maike, Berry, Kevin, Chaigneau, Tomas, Curry, Tracie, Heilmayr, Robert, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Hentati-Sundberg, Jonas, Jina, Amir, Lindqvist, Emilie, Lopez-Maldonado, Yolanda, Nieminen, Emmi, Piaggio, Matias, Qiu, Jiangxiao, Rocha, Juan C., Schill, Caroline, Shepon, Alon, Tilman, Andrew R., van den Bijgaart, Inge, Wu, Tong, Hamann, Maike, Berry, Kevin, Chaigneau, Tomas, Curry, Tracie, Heilmayr, Robert, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Hentati-Sundberg, Jonas, Jina, Amir, Lindqvist, Emilie, Lopez-Maldonado, Yolanda, Nieminen, Emmi, Piaggio, Matias, Qiu, Jiangxiao, Rocha, Juan C., Schill, Caroline, Shepon, Alon, Tilman, Andrew R., van den Bijgaart, Inge, and Wu, Tong

Abstract

Rising inequalities and accelerating global environmental change pose two of the most pressing challenges of the twenty-first century. To explore how these phenomena are linked, we apply a social-ecological systems perspective and review the literature to identify six different types of interactions (or pathways) between inequality and the biosphere. We find that most of the research so far has only considered one-directional effects of inequality on the biosphere, or vice versa. However, given the potential for complex dynamics between socioeconomic and environmental factors within social-ecological systems, we highlight examples from the literature that illustrate the importance of cross-scale interactions and feedback loops between inequality and the biosphere. This review draws on diverse disciplines to advance a systemic understanding of the linkages between inequality and the biosphere, specifically recognizing cross-scale feedbacks and the multidimensional nature of inequality.

Published
2018
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