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In this paper, we discuss in details information and communication developments (1) that have arisen in support of a rapidly expanding internet (Internet of Things, IoT) coupled with a proliferatio...

Fiber-optic communication breakthroughs are presented every year at the Optical Communication Conference, OFC. This paper reviews some of the key papers presented at the OFC 2019, held March 3 thro...

In the first part of this presentation, I review the key technology developments of the last century up to the present. These developments are what led us to the communication and information revolution. This is followed by a discussion of how the use of optical fibers brought about the fusion of these two elements and the resultant proliferation of smart phones and social networks. In the second part, I recollect some of my work in fiber optics over a period of forty years in the context of those key developments. In particular, I stress what it takes for a company small in comparison to the giants in the field to capture niche markets. I also discuss the criteria that are needed to justify the application of a new technology like optical fibers to existing communication and sensing systems, and make it cost effective. I end this presentation with a few personal considerations regarding technology developments and innovation.

Your editors attended the 2017 Optical Fibers Communications (OFC) Conference for two days. Such a short visit is hardly sufficient to present a complete overview of what is considered the major an...

At the heart of our current information explosion is the communication network. Networks are now an intrinsic part of our daily activities, whether they are for Internet business transactions or military communications in Future Combat Systems. Protection of this communication infrastructure is a must. In this article, we discuss two approaches for securing all-optical networks. The first is an optical encryption technique that denies the information to intruders. The second is an authentication scheme capable of detecting and identifying unauthorized users.

The author's new book, published by CRC Press of the Taylor and Francis Group, is an important introduction to and survey of the properties and uses of polymer optical fibers. The book is suitable ...

This is a semitutorial discussion of high-speed local area networks (LANs). We begin with a short introduction to the computer evolution from mainframes to LANs and characterize the latter in terms of three elements, namely, Topology, protocol, and transmission medium. After recalling the limitations encountered by electric LANs as they approach and surpass Gb/s data rates, we discuss two of the major problem that were recently faced in implementing those data rates with fiberoptic LANs, namely. branching losses and coupler directionality. We then proceed to show how these problem are now resolved with specific components, particularly, the erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) and the electro-optical switchable coupler. We conclude with an analysis of two high-speed fiberoptic LANs, in open and closed loop topologies, that utilize these components.

The general laws of auscultation and the basic principles and scope of phonocardiography are analyzed and discussed with particular reference to instrumentation. The characteristics and responses of the various types of transducers (microphones), equalizer or filter circuits, amplifiers, and recording oscillographs are presented; they must be known for proper clinical application of phonocardiography.

We show how to apply the concept of optical throughput, product of area times solid angle to emitters and fibers, in order to simplify calculations of coupling efficiency. We show that throughput conservation yields readily the maximum theoretical coupling efficiency, independently of intervening optics.