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2. Regionally Diverse Land-Use Driven Feedbacks from Soils to the Climate System

Author

Jungkunst, Hermann F., primary, Horvath, Thomas, additional, Erasmi, Stefan, additional, Krüger, Jan Paul, additional, Meurer, Katharina H.M., additional, Schützenmeister, Klaus, additional, Guillaume, Thomas, additional, Scholten, Thomas, additional, Baumann, Frank, additional, Schleuss, Per-Marten, additional, He, Jin-Sheng, additional, Kühn, Peter, additional, Henkner, Jessica, additional, Boy, Jens, additional, Kätterer, Thomas, additional, and Schneider, Julia, additional

Published
2018
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3. Archäologische und bodenkundliche Untersuchungen zur Besiedlungs- und Landnutzungsgeschichte der Baar

Author

Knopf, Thomas, Ahlrichs, Jan, Henkner, Jessica, Scholten, Thomas, and Kühn, Peter

Subjects
930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie
Abstract

Die Landschaft der Baar ist im Vergleich zu den benachbarten Räumen des Schwarzwalds und der Schwäbischen Alb ein Gunstraum: Die Böden sind agrarisch besser nutzbar, die Hangneigungen sind geringer. Und wegen der geringeren Meereshöhe sind die Durchschnittstemperaturen höher und es gibt weniger Frosttage. Diese naturräumlichen Faktoren spielten bei der Besiedlung der Baar durch ur- und frühgeschichtliche Menschen eine wichtige Rolle, da deren Subsistenz auf dem Anbau von Getreiden und Hülsenfrüchten gründete. Unser Kenntnisstand zur Archäologie der Baar ist vergleichsweise gering. Es gibt nur wenige systematische Untersuchungen, etwa archäologische Ausgrabungen, aber eine größere Anzahl von Lesefundstellen prähistorischer Keramik.

Published
2021
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4. Soils, landscapes, and cultural concepts of favor and disfavor within complex adaptive systems and ResourceCultures: human-land interactions during the Holocene

Author

James, Bruce R., primary, Teuber, Sandra, additional, Miera, Jan J., additional, Downey, Sean, additional, Henkner, Jessica, additional, Knopf, Thomas, additional, Correa, Fabio A., additional, Höpfer, Benjamin, additional, Scherer, Sascha, additional, Michaelis, Adriane, additional, Wessel, Barret M., additional, Gibbons, Kevin S., additional, Kühn, Peter, additional, and Scholten, Thomas, additional

Published
2021
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5. Neolithic settlement dynamics derived from archaeological data and colluvial deposits between the Baar region and the adjacent low mountain ranges, southwest Germany

Author

Miera, Jan Johannes, Henkner, Jessica, Schmidt, Karsten, Fuchs, Markus, Scholten, Thomas, Kühn, Peter, and Knopf, Thomas

Abstract

The present study combines archaeological data with archaeopedological data from colluvial deposits to infer Neolithic settlement dynamics between the Baar region, the Black Forest and the Swabian Jura. A review of the state of archaeological research and an analysis of the processes leading to the discovery of the Neolithic sites and thereby the formation of the current archaeological site distribution in these landscapes is presented. The intensity of land use in the study area is compared with other landscapes in southern Germany using site frequencies. Phases of colluvial deposition are dated using AMS 14C ages of charcoals and luminescence ages of sediments and interpreted as local proxies for a human presence. Archaeological source criticism indicates that the distribution of the Neolithic sites is probably distorted by factors such as superimposition due to erosion and weathering effects limiting the preservation conditions for Neolithic pottery. A reconstruction of Neolithic settlement dynamics is achieved by complementing the archaeological data with phases of colluviation. Evidence for a continuous land use in the Baar region throughout the Neolithic is provided and sporadic phases of land use on the Swabian Jura and in the Black Forest are identified. In the late and final Neolithic, an intensification of colluvial formation can be noticed in the low mountain ranges.

Published
2019

11. Auswertung der Stichprobeninventur 2012 im Naturwaldreservat Aletschwald

Author

Heiri, Caroline, Henkner, Jessica, Tinner, Raphaela, Wunder, Jan, Brang, Peter, and Hanewinkel, Marc

Subjects
ALETSCHWALD (CANTON OF VALAIS), WALDRESERVATE (NATURSCHUTZ), Agriculture, FOREST RESERVES (NATURE CONSERVATION), FOREST INVENTORY (FORESTRY), FORSTINVENTUR (FORSTWIRTSCHAFT), ALETSCHWALD (KANTON WALLIS), Natural resources, energy and environment, ddc:630, ddc:333.7
Abstract

WSL Berichte, 16, ISSN:2296-3448, ISSN:2296-3456

Published
2014

12. Land use dynamics derived from colluvial deposits and bogs in the Black Forest, Germany.

Author

Henkner, Jessica, Ahlrichs, Jan, Fischer, Elske, Fuchs, Markus, Knopf, Thomas, Rösch, Manfred, Scholten, Thomas, and Kühn, Peter

Subjects
*LAND use, *FOREST management, *LAND use & the environment
Abstract

Abstract: The Black Forest is considered to be a rather unfavorable area, having a short vegetation period, low mean annual temperatures, high precipitation, and a pronounced relief. These conditions do not favor agricultural land use and thus it is widely accepted that people only began using the land intensively during the Middle Ages. In this integrated study 17 soil profiles, two peat bogs and a database of archaeological finds were used to reconstruct past land use impacts on the environment. AMS–14C datings of charcoals, luminescence datings of colluvial deposits, archaeological finds and pollen records indicate land use already during the Neolithic. This pre‐medieval land use might be related to seasonal settlements dominated by pastoralism and the use of wood or bedrock to build settlements and infrastructure or as energy supply. There is new evidence of human activity dating back to the Bronze and Iron Age, which is a discrepancy to the absence of archaeological finds in the direct vicinity of the studied sites. With the beginning of the Middle Ages land use practices changed, most likely with the expansion and intensification of agricultural land use, which coincides with the increasing use of natural resources in the Black Forest. Hence, the main phases of colluvial deposition date to the Middle Ages and Modern Times. Increased contents of As, Cr, Cu, Pb, or Zn in medieval colluvial deposits might indicate smelting or mining, even though there are no known archeological sites pointing to such activities nearby. Whereas the pattern of colluvial deposition in the southeastern Black Forest points to distinct, but local land use in pre‐medieval times and to intensified and widespread land use since the Middle Ages, thick and multi‐layered colluvial deposits indicate intensive land use in the neighboring Baar region since the Neolithic. The different land use patterns of these two regions originate from the rather favorable conditions for agriculture in terms of soils, climate, and topography in the Baar region compared to the unfavorable conditions in the Black Forest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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