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41 results on '"Hengstler, D."'

1. Integration of maXs-type microcalorimeter detectors for high-resolution x-ray spectroscopy into the experimental environment at the CRYRING@ESR electron cooler

Author

Pfäfflein, Ph., Bernitt, S., Hahn, Ch., Herdrich, M. O., Kröger, F. M., Menz, E. B., Over, T., Zhu, B., Stöhlker, Th., Weber, G., Allgeier, S., Friedrich, M., Hengstler, D., Kuntz, P., Fleischmann, A., Enss, Ch., Kalinin, A., Lestinsky, M., Löher, B., and Spillmann, U.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

We report on the first integration of novel magnetic microcalorimeter detectors (MMCs), developed within SPARC (Stored Particles Atomic Physics Research Collaboration), into the experimental environment of storage rings at GSI, Darmstadt, namely at the electron cooler of CRYRING@ESR. Two of these detector systems were positioned at the 0$^\circ$ and 180$^\circ$ view ports of the cooler section to obtain high-resolution x-ray spectra originating from a stored beam of hydrogen-like uranium interacting with the cooler electrons. While previous test measurements with microcalorimeters at the accelerator facility of GSI were conducted in the mode of well-established stand-alone operation, for the present experiment we implemented several notable modifications to exploit the full potential of this type of detector for precision x-ray spectroscopy of stored heavy ions. Among these are a new readout system compatible with the multi branch system data acquisition platform of GSI, the synchronization of a quasi-continuous energy calibration with the operation cycle of the accelerator facility, as well as the first exploitation of the maXs detectors' time resolution to apply coincidence conditions for the detection of photons and charge-changed ions.

Published
2022
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2. Multichannel read-out for arrays of metallic magnetic calorimeters

Author

Mantegazzini, F., Allgeier, S., Barth, A., Enss, C., Ferring-Siebert, A., Fleischmann, A., Gastaldo, L., Hammann, R., Hengstler, D., Kempf, S., Richter, D., Schulz, D., Unger, D., Velte, C., and Wegner, M.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Metallic magnetic micro-calorimeters (MMCs) operated at millikelvin temperature offer the possibility to achieve eV-scale energy resolution with high stopping power for X-rays and massive particles in an energy range up to several tens of keV. This motivates their use in a wide range of applications in fields as particle physics, atomic and molecular physics. Present detector systems consist of MMC arrays read out by 32 two-stage SQUID read-out channels. In contrast to the design of the detector array and consequently the design of the front-end SQUIDs, which need to be optimised for the physics case and the particles to be detected in a given experiment, the read-out chain can be standardised. We present our new standardised 32-channel parallel read-out for the operation of MMC arrays to be operated in a dilution refrigerator. The read-out system consists of a detector module, whose design depends on the particular application, an amplifier module, ribbon cables from room temperature to the millikelvin platform and a data acquisition system. In particular, we describe the realisation of the read-out system prepared for the ECHo-1k experiment for the operation of two 64-pixel arrays. The same read-out concept is also used for the maXs detector systems, developed for the study of the de-excitation of highly charged heavy ions by X-rays, as well as for the MOCCA system, developed for the energy and position sensitive detection of neutral molecular fragments for the study of fragmentation when molecular ions recombine with electrons. The choice of standard modular components for the operation of 32-channel MMC arrays offer the flexibility to upgrade detector modules without the need of any changes in the read-out system and the possibility to individually exchange parts in case of damages or failures.

Published
2021
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3. High-resolution for IAXO: MMC-based X-ray Detectors

Author

Unger, D., Abeln, A., Enss, C., Fleischmann, A., Hengstler, D., Kempf, S., and Gastaldo, L.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Axion helioscopes like the planned International Axion Observatory (IAXO) search for evidence of axions and axion-like particles (ALPs) from the Sun. A strong magnetic field is used to convert ALPs into photons via the generic ALP-photon coupling. To observe the resulting photons, X-ray detectors with low background and high efficiency are necessary. In addition, good energy resolution and low energy threshold would allow for investigating the ALP properties by studying the X-ray spectrum after its discovery. We propose to use low temperature metallic magnetic calorimeters (MMCs). Here we present the first detector system based on MMCs developed for IAXO and discuss the results of the characterization. The detector consists of a two-dimensional 64-pixel array covering an active area of 16 mm$^2$ with a fill factor of 93 %. We achieve an average energy resolution of 6.1 eV FWHM allowing for energy thresholds below 100 eV. This detector is the first step towards a larger 1 cm$^2$ array matching the IAXO X-ray optics. We determine the background rate for an unshielded detector system in the energy range between 1 keV and 10 keV to be $3.2(1) \times 10^{-4}$ keV$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ from events acquired over 30 days. In the future, active and passive shields will significantly reduce the background induced by cosmic muons and natural radioactivity. Our results demonstrate that MMCs are a promising technology for helioscopes to discover and study ALPs.

Published
2020
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4. Conceptual Design of BabyIAXO, the intermediate stage towards the International Axion Observatory

Author

Abeln, A., Altenmüller, K., Cuendis, S. Arguedas, Armengaud, E., Attié, D., Aune, S., Basso, S., Bergé, L., Biasuzzi, B., De Sousa, P. T. C. Borges, Brun, P., Bykovskiy, N., Calvet, D., Carmona, J. M., Castel, J. F., Cebrián, S., Chernov, V., Christensen, F. E., Civitani, M. M., Cogollos, C., Dafní, T., Derbin, A., Desch, K., Díez, D., Dinter, M., Döbrich, B., Drachnev, I., Dudarev, A., Dumoulin, L., Ferreira, D. D. M., Ferrer-Ribas, E., Fleck, I., Galán, J., Gascón, D., Gastaldo, L., Giannotti, M., Giomataris, Y., Giuliani, A., Gninenko, S., Golm, J., Golubev, N., Hagge, L., Hahn, J., Hailey, C. J., Hengstler, D., Henriksen, P. L., Houdy, T., Iglesias-Marzoa, R., Iguaz, F. J., Irastorza, I. G., Iñiguez, C., Jakovcic, K., Kaminski, J., Kanoute, B., Karstensen, S., Kravchuk, L., Lakic, B., Lasserre, T., Laurent, P., Limousin, O., Lindner, A., Loidl, M., Lomskaya, I., López-Alegre, G., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Ludwig, K., Luzón, G., Malbrunot, C., Margalejo, C., Marin-Franch, A., Marnieros, S., Marutzky, F., Mauricio, J., Menesguen, Y., Mentink, M., Mertens, S., Mescia, F., Miralda-Escudé, J., Mirallas, H., Mols, J. P., Muratova, V., Navick, X. F., Nones, C., Notari, A., Nozik, A., Obis, L., Oriol, C., Orsini, F., de Solórzano, A. Ortiz, Oster, S., Da Silva, H. P. Pais, Pantuev, V., Papaevangelou, T., Pareschi, G., Perez, K., Pérez, O., Picatoste, E., Pivovaroff, M. J., Poda, D. V., Redondo, J., Ringwald, A., Rodrigues, M., Rueda-Teruel, F., Rueda-Teruel, S., Ruiz-Choliz, E., Ruz, J., Saemann, E. O., Salvado, J., Schiffer, T., Schmidt, S., Schneekloth, U., Schott, M., Segui, L., Tavecchio, F., Kate, H. H. J. ten, Tkachev, I., Troitsky, S., Unger, D., Unzhakov, E., Ushakov, N., Vogel, J. K., Voronin, D., Weltman, A., Werthenbach, U., Wuensch, W., and Yanes-Díaz, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

This article describes BabyIAXO, an intermediate experimental stage of the International Axion Observatory (IAXO), proposed to be sited at DESY. IAXO is a large-scale axion helioscope that will look for axions and axion-like particles (ALPs), produced in the Sun, with unprecedented sensitivity. BabyIAXO is conceived to test all IAXO subsystems (magnet, optics and detectors) at a relevant scale for the final system and thus serve as prototype for IAXO, but at the same time as a fully-fledged helioscope with relevant physics reach itself, and with potential for discovery. The BabyIAXO magnet will feature two 10 m long, 70 cm diameter bores, and will host two detection lines (optics and detector) of dimensions similar to the final ones foreseen for IAXO. BabyIAXO will detect or reject solar axions or ALPs with axion-photon couplings down to $g_{a\gamma} \sim 1.5 \times 10^{-11}$ GeV$^{-1}$, and masses up to $m_a\sim 0.25$ eV. BabyIAXO will offer additional opportunities for axion research in view of IAXO, like the development of precision x-ray detectors to identify particular spectral features in the solar axion spectrum, and the implementation of radiofrequency-cavity-based axion dark matter setups., Comment: 77 pages, 49 figures. Prepared for submission to JHEP. Third version after referees comments

Published
2020

7. Application of a metallic-magnetic calorimeter for high-resolution x-ray spectroscopy of Fe at an EBIT

Author

Herdrich, M. O., Hengstler, D., Allgeier, S., Friedrich, M., Fleischmann, A., Enss, C., Bernitt, S., Morgenroth, T., Trotsenko, S., Schuch, Reinhold, Stöhlker, Th., Herdrich, M. O., Hengstler, D., Allgeier, S., Friedrich, M., Fleischmann, A., Enss, C., Bernitt, S., Morgenroth, T., Trotsenko, S., Schuch, Reinhold, and Stöhlker, Th.

Abstract

In this work, we present an experiment conducted at the S-EBIT-I ion trap of GSI. It involved the study of ion-electron collisions of Fe and Ba ions in various charge states with the electron beam. Characteristic x-ray radiation emitted during the continuous interaction was recorded utilizing an energy-dispersive maXs-30 detector based on metallic-magnetic calorimeter (MMC) technology. Optimizations to the applied sensitivity-drift correction and energy calibration procedures significantly improved the achieved energy resolution compared to previous applications of a similar detector. This made it possible to individually resolve and identify overlapping x-ray lines of iron and barium in a wide spectral range. As a demonstration of the outstanding detector performance, we used the recorded spectral data to extract an estimate of the charge state distribution of Fe ions in the trap. This experiment campaign marks an important milestone in the ongoing effort to enable the deployment of MMC detectors for future high-precision measurements in fundamental physics experiments.

Published
2024
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8. Cryogenic micro-calorimeters for mass spectrometric identification of neutral molecules and molecular fragments

Author

Novotný, O., Allgeier, S., Enss, C., Fleischmann, A., Gamer, L., Hengstler, D., Kempf, S., Krantz, C., Pabinger, A., Pies, C., Savin, D. W., Schwalm, D., and Wolf, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics - Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Physics - Atomic Physics, Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

We have systematically investigated the energy resolution of a magnetic micro-calorimeter (MMC) for atomic and molecular projectiles at impact energies ranging from $E\approx13$ to 150 keV. For atoms we obtained absolute energy resolutions down to $\Delta E \approx 120$ eV and relative energy resolutions down to $\Delta E/E\approx10^{-3}$. We also studied in detail the MMC energy-response function to molecular projectiles of up to mass 56 u. We have demonstrated the capability of identifying neutral fragmentation products of these molecules by calorimetric mass spectrometry. We have modeled the MMC energy-response function for molecular projectiles and conclude that backscattering is the dominant source of the energy spread at the impact energies investigated. We have successfully demonstrated the use of a detector absorber coating to suppress such spreads. We briefly outline the use of MMC detectors in experiments on gas-phase collision reactions with neutral products. Our findings are of general interest for mass spectrometric techniques, particularly for those desiring to make neutral-particle mass measurements.

Published
2015
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9. High-resolution and low-background 163Ho spectrum: interpretation of the resonance tails

Author

Velte, C., Ahrens, F., Barth, A., Blaum, K., Braß, M., Door, M., Dorrer, H., Düllmann, Ch. E., Eliseev, S., Enss, C., Filianin, P., Fleischmann, A., Gastaldo, L., Goeggelmann, A., Goodacre, T. Day, Haverkort, M. W., Hengstler, D., Jochum, J., Johnston, K., Keller, M., Kempf, S., Kieck, T., König, C. M., Köster, U., Kromer, K., Mantegazzini, F., Marsh, B., Novikov, Yu. N., Piquemal, F., Riccio, C., Richter, D., Rischka, A., Rothe, S., Schüssler, R. X., Schweiger, Ch., Stora, T., Wegner, M., Wendt, K., Zampaolo, M., and Zuber, K.

Published
2019
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10. The electron capture in 163Ho experiment – ECHo

Author

Gastaldo, L., Blaum, K., Chrysalidis, K., Day Goodacre, T., Domula, A., Door, M., Dorrer, H., Düllmann, Ch. E., Eberhardt, K., Eliseev, S., Enss, C., Faessler, A., Filianin, P., Fleischmann, A., Fonnesu, D., Gamer, L., Haas, R., Hassel, C., Hengstler, D., Jochum, J., Johnston, K., Kebschull, U., Kempf, S., Kieck, T., Köster, U., Lahiri, S., Maiti, M., Mantegazzini, F., Marsh, B., Neroutsos, P., Novikov, Yu. N., Ranitzsch, P. C. O., Rothe, S., Rischka, A., Saenz, A., Sander, O., Schneider, F., Scholl, S., Schüssler, R. X., Schweiger, Ch., Simkovic, F., Stora, T., Szücs, Z., Türler, A., Veinhard, M., Weber, M., Wegner, M., Wendt, K., and Zuber, K.

Published
2017
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11. Integration of maXs-type microcalorimeter detectors for high-resolution x-ray spectroscopy into the experimental environment at the CRYRING@ESR electron cooler

Author

Pfäfflein, Ph, primary, Allgeier, S, additional, Bernitt, S, additional, Fleischmann, A, additional, Friedrich, M, additional, Hahn, Ch, additional, Hengstler, D, additional, Herdrich, M O, additional, Kalinin, A, additional, Kröger, F M, additional, Kuntz, P, additional, Lestinsky, M, additional, Löher, B, additional, Menz, E B, additional, Over, T, additional, Spillmann, U, additional, Weber, G, additional, Zhu, B, additional, Enss, Ch, additional, and Stöhlker, Th, additional

Published
2022
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13. Recent Results for the ECHo Experiment

Author

Hassel, C., Blaum, K., Goodacre, T. Day, Dorrer, H., Düllmann, Ch. E., Eberhardt, K., Eliseev, S., Enss, C., Filianin, P., Fäßler, A., Fleischmann, A., Gastaldo, L., Goncharov, M., Hengstler, D., Jochum, J., Johnston, K., Keller, M., Kempf, S., Kieck, T., Köster, U., Krantz, M., Marsh, B., Mokry, C., Novikov, Yu. N., Ranitzsch, P. C. O., Rothe, S., Rischka, A., Runke, J., Saenz, A., Schneider, F., Scholl, S., Schüssler, R. X., Simkovic, F., Stora, T., Thörle-Pospiech, P., Türler, A., Veinhard, M., Wegner, M., Wendt, K., and Zuber, K.

Published
2016
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15. Integration of maXs-type microcalorimeter detectors for high-resolution x-ray spectroscopy into the experimental environment at the CRYRING@ESR electron cooler

Author

Pfäfflein, Ph, Allgeier, S., Bernitt, S., Fleischmann, A., Friedrich, M., Hahn, Ch, Hengstler, D., Herdrich, M. O., Kalinin, A., Kröger, F. M., Kuntz, P., Lestinsky, M., Löher, B., Menz, E. B., Over, T., Spillmann, U., Weber, G., Zhu, B., Enss, Ch, and Stöhlker, Th

Subjects
ddc:620, Engineering & allied operations
Abstract

We report on the first integration of novel magnetic microcalorimeter detectors (MMCs), developed within SPARC (Stored Particles Atomic Physics Research Collaboration), into the experimental environment of storage rings at GSI, Darmstadt, namely at the electron cooler of CRYRING@ESR. Two of these detector systems were positioned at the 0∘ and 180∘ view ports of the cooler section to obtain high-resolution x-ray spectra originating from a stored beam of hydrogen-like uranium interacting with the cooler electrons. While previous test measurements with microcalorimeters at the accelerator facility of GSI were conducted in the mode of well-established stand-alone operation, for the present experiment we implemented several notable modifications to exploit the full potential of this type of detector for precision x-ray spectroscopy of stored heavy ions. Among these are a new readout system compatible with the multi branch system data acquisition platform of GSI, the synchronization of a quasi-continuous energy calibration with the operation cycle of the accelerator facility, as well as the first exploitation of the maXs detectors' time resolution to apply coincidence conditions for the detection of photons and charge-changed ions.

Published
2022
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16. From ECHo-1k to ECHo-100k:Optimization of High-Resolution Metallic Magnetic Calorimeters with Embedded 163Ho for Neutrino Mass Determination.

Author

Griedel, M., Mantegazzini, F., Barth, A., Bruer, E., Holzmann, W., Hammann, R., Hengstler, D., Kovac, N., Velte, C., Wickenhäuser, T., Fleischmann, A., Enss, C., Gastaldo, L., Dorrer, H., Kieck, T., Kneip, N., Düllmann, Ch. E., and Wendt, K.

Subjects
ELECTRON capture, CALORIMETERS, DETECTORS, NEUTRINOS
Abstract

The ECHo experiment aims at determining the effective electron neutrino mass by analyzing the endpoint of the 163Ho electron capture spectrum. High energy resolution detectors with a well-tailored detector response are the essential ingredient for the success of the ECHo experiment. Metallic magnetic calorimeter arrays enclosing 163Ho have been chosen for the ECHo experiment. The first MMC array, ECHo-1k, showed excellent performances with an average energy resolution of 5.5 eV FWHM @ 5.9 keV. Based on the results obtained with the ECHo-1k array, optimization studies have paved the way towards a new detector design for the next experimental phase, ECHo-100k. The ECHo-100k chip features an optimized single pixel design to improve the detector performance as well as an upgraded on-chip thermalization layout. The newly fabricated ECHo-100k detectors have been fully characterized at room temperature, at 4 K and at millikelvin temperature. The obtained results show that the ECHo-100k array achieved the expected performance with an average energy resolution of 3.5 eV FWHM @ 5.9 keV, fulfilling the requirements for the ECHo-100k experimental phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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17. Multichannel read-out for arrays of metallic magnetic calorimeters

Author

Mantegazzini, F., primary, Allgeier, S., additional, Barth, A., additional, Enss, C., additional, Ferring-Siebert, A., additional, Fleischmann, A., additional, Gastaldo, L., additional, Hammann, R., additional, Hengstler, D., additional, Kempf, S., additional, Richter, D., additional, Schulz, D., additional, Unger, D., additional, Velte, C., additional, and Wegner, M., additional

Published
2021
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19. Conceptual design of BabyIAXO, the intermediate stage towards the International Axion Observatory

Author

Abeln, A., Altenmüller, K., Arguedas Cuendis, S., Armengaud, E., Attié, D., Aune, S., Basso, S., Bergé, L., Biasuzzi, B., Borges De Sousa, P. T. C., Brun, P., Bykovskiy, N., Calvet, D., Carmona, J. M., Castel, J. F., Cebrián, S., Chernov, V., Christensen, F. E., Civitani, M. M., Cogollos, C., Dafní, T., Derbin, A., Desch, K., Díez, D., Dinter, M., Döbrich, B., Drachnev, I., Dudarev, A., Dumoulin, L., Ferreira, D. D. M., Ferrer-Ribas, E., Fleck, I., Galán, J., Gascón, D., Gastaldo, L., Giannotti, M., Giomataris, Y., Giuliani, A., Gninenko, S., Golm, J., Golubev, N., Hagge, L., Hahn, J., Hailey, C. J., Hengstler, D., Henriksen, P. L., Houdy, T., Iglesias-Marzoa, R., Iguaz, F. J., Irastorza, I. G., Iñiguez, C., Jakovčić, K., Kaminski, J., Kanoute, B., Karstensen, S., Kravchuk, L., Lakić, B., Lasserre, T., Laurent, P., Limousin, O., Lindner, A., Loidl, M., Lomskaya, I., López-Alegre, G., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Ludwig, K., Luzón, G., Malbrunot, C., Margalejo, C., Marin-Franch, A., Marnieros, S., Marutzky, F., Mauricio, J., Menesguen, Y., Mentink, M., Mertens, S., Mescia, F., Miralda-Escudé, J., Mirallas, H., Mols, J. P., Muratova, V., Navick, X. F., Nones, C., Notari, A., Nozik, A., Obis, L., Oriol, C., Orsini, F., Ortiz de Solórzano, A., Oster, S., Pais Da Silva, H. P., Pantuev, V., Papaevangelou, T., Pareschi, G., Perez, K., Pérez, O., Picatoste, E., Pivovaroff, M. J., Poda, D. V., Redondo, J., Ringwald, A., Rodrigues, M., Rueda-Teruel, F., Rueda-Teruel, S., Ruiz-Choliz, E., Ruz, J., Saemann, E. O., Salvado, J., Schiffer, T., Schmidt, S., Schneekloth, U., Schott, M., Segui, L., Tavecchio, F., ten Kate, H. H. J., Tkachev, I., Troitsky, S., Unger, D., Unzhakov, E., Ushakov, N., Vogel, J. K., Voronin, D., Weltman, A., Werthenbach, U., Wuensch, W., Yanes-Díaz, A., collaboration, The IAXO, Abeln, A., Altenmüller, K., Arguedas Cuendis, S., Armengaud, E., Attié, D., Aune, S., Basso, S., Bergé, L., Biasuzzi, B., Borges De Sousa, P. T. C., Brun, P., Bykovskiy, N., Calvet, D., Carmona, J. M., Castel, J. F., Cebrián, S., Chernov, V., Christensen, F. E., Civitani, M. M., Cogollos, C., Dafní, T., Derbin, A., Desch, K., Díez, D., Dinter, M., Döbrich, B., Drachnev, I., Dudarev, A., Dumoulin, L., Ferreira, D. D. M., Ferrer-Ribas, E., Fleck, I., Galán, J., Gascón, D., Gastaldo, L., Giannotti, M., Giomataris, Y., Giuliani, A., Gninenko, S., Golm, J., Golubev, N., Hagge, L., Hahn, J., Hailey, C. J., Hengstler, D., Henriksen, P. L., Houdy, T., Iglesias-Marzoa, R., Iguaz, F. J., Irastorza, I. G., Iñiguez, C., Jakovčić, K., Kaminski, J., Kanoute, B., Karstensen, S., Kravchuk, L., Lakić, B., Lasserre, T., Laurent, P., Limousin, O., Lindner, A., Loidl, M., Lomskaya, I., López-Alegre, G., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Ludwig, K., Luzón, G., Malbrunot, C., Margalejo, C., Marin-Franch, A., Marnieros, S., Marutzky, F., Mauricio, J., Menesguen, Y., Mentink, M., Mertens, S., Mescia, F., Miralda-Escudé, J., Mirallas, H., Mols, J. P., Muratova, V., Navick, X. F., Nones, C., Notari, A., Nozik, A., Obis, L., Oriol, C., Orsini, F., Ortiz de Solórzano, A., Oster, S., Pais Da Silva, H. P., Pantuev, V., Papaevangelou, T., Pareschi, G., Perez, K., Pérez, O., Picatoste, E., Pivovaroff, M. J., Poda, D. V., Redondo, J., Ringwald, A., Rodrigues, M., Rueda-Teruel, F., Rueda-Teruel, S., Ruiz-Choliz, E., Ruz, J., Saemann, E. O., Salvado, J., Schiffer, T., Schmidt, S., Schneekloth, U., Schott, M., Segui, L., Tavecchio, F., ten Kate, H. H. J., Tkachev, I., Troitsky, S., Unger, D., Unzhakov, E., Ushakov, N., Vogel, J. K., Voronin, D., Weltman, A., Werthenbach, U., Wuensch, W., Yanes-Díaz, A., and collaboration, The IAXO

Abstract

This article describes BabyIAXO, an intermediate experimental stage of the International Axion Observatory (IAXO), proposed to be sited at DESY. IAXO is a large-scale axion helioscope that will look for axions and axion-like particles (ALPs), produced in the Sun, with unprecedented sensitivity. BabyIAXO is conceived to test all IAXO subsystems (magnet, optics and detectors) at a relevant scale for the final system and thus serve as prototype for IAXO, but at the same time as a fully-fledged helioscope with relevant physics reach itself, and with potential for discovery. The BabyIAXO magnet will feature two 10 m long, 70 cm diameter bores, and will host two detection lines (optics and detector) of dimensions similar to the final ones foreseen for IAXO. BabyIAXO will detect or reject solar axions or ALPs with axion-photon couplings down to gaγ ∼ 1.5 × 10−11 GeV−1, and masses up to ma ∼ 0.25 eV. BabyIAXO will offer additional opportunities for axion research in view of IAXO, like the development of precision x-ray detectors to identify particular spectral features in the solar axion spectrum, and the implementation of radiofrequency-cavity-based axion dark matter setups.

Published
2021

20. Axion search with BabyIAXO in view of IAXO

Author

Galan, Javier, Abeln, A., Altenmüller, K., Arguedas Cuendis, S., Armengaud, E., Attié, D., Aune, S., Basso, S., Bergé, L., Biasuzzi, B., Borges De Sousa, P. T. C., Brun, P., Bykovskiy, N., Calvet, D., Carmona, J. M., Castel, J. F., Cebrian, S., Chernov, V., Christensen, F. E., Civitani, M.M., Cogollos, C., Dafni, T., Derbin, A., Desch, K., Díez, D., Dinter, M., Dobrich, B., Drachnev, I., Dudarev, A., Dumoulin, L., Ferreira, D. D. M., Ferrer-Ribas, E., Fleck, I., Gascon, D., Gastaldo, L., Giannotti, M., Giomataris, Y., Giuliani, A., Gninenko, S., Golm, J., Golubev, N., Hagge, L., Hahn, J., Hailey, C. J., Hengstler, D., Henriksen, P. L., Iglesias-Marzoa, R., Iguaz-Gutierrez, F. J., Irastorza, I. G., Iñiguez, C., Jakovčić, K., Kaminski, J., Kanoute, B., Karstensen, S., Kravchuk, L., Lakić, B., Lasserre, T., Laurent, P., Limousin, O., Lindner, A., Loidl, M., Lomskaya, I., López-Alegre, G., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Ludwig, K., Luzon, G., Malbrunot, C., Margalejo, C., Marin-Franch, A., Marnieros, S., Marutzky, F., Mauricio, J., Menesguen, Y., Mentink, M., Mescia, F., Miralda-Escudé, J., Mirallas, H., Mols, J. P., Muratova, V., Navick, X. F., Nones, C., Notari, A., Nozik, A., Obis, L., Oriol, C., Orsini, F., Ortiz de Solórzano, A., Oster, S., Pais Da Silva, H. P., Pantuev, V., Papaevangelou, T., Pareschi, G., Perez, K., Pérez, O., Picatoste, E., Pivovaroff, M. J., Poda, D. V., Redondo, J., Ringwald, A., Rodrigues, M. R.D., Rueda-Teruel, F., Rueda-Teruel, S., Ruiz-Choliz, E., Ruz, J., Saemann, E. O., Salvado, J., Schiffer, T., Schmidt, S., Schneekloth, U., Schott, M., Segui, L., Tavecchio, F., ten Kate, H. H. J., Tkachev, I., Troitsky, S., Unger, D., Unzhakov, E., Ushakov, N., Vogel, J. K., Voronin, D., Weltman, A., Werthenbach, U., Wuensch, W., Yanes-Díaz, A., Galan, Javier, Abeln, A., Altenmüller, K., Arguedas Cuendis, S., Armengaud, E., Attié, D., Aune, S., Basso, S., Bergé, L., Biasuzzi, B., Borges De Sousa, P. T. C., Brun, P., Bykovskiy, N., Calvet, D., Carmona, J. M., Castel, J. F., Cebrian, S., Chernov, V., Christensen, F. E., Civitani, M.M., Cogollos, C., Dafni, T., Derbin, A., Desch, K., Díez, D., Dinter, M., Dobrich, B., Drachnev, I., Dudarev, A., Dumoulin, L., Ferreira, D. D. M., Ferrer-Ribas, E., Fleck, I., Gascon, D., Gastaldo, L., Giannotti, M., Giomataris, Y., Giuliani, A., Gninenko, S., Golm, J., Golubev, N., Hagge, L., Hahn, J., Hailey, C. J., Hengstler, D., Henriksen, P. L., Iglesias-Marzoa, R., Iguaz-Gutierrez, F. J., Irastorza, I. G., Iñiguez, C., Jakovčić, K., Kaminski, J., Kanoute, B., Karstensen, S., Kravchuk, L., Lakić, B., Lasserre, T., Laurent, P., Limousin, O., Lindner, A., Loidl, M., Lomskaya, I., López-Alegre, G., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Ludwig, K., Luzon, G., Malbrunot, C., Margalejo, C., Marin-Franch, A., Marnieros, S., Marutzky, F., Mauricio, J., Menesguen, Y., Mentink, M., Mescia, F., Miralda-Escudé, J., Mirallas, H., Mols, J. P., Muratova, V., Navick, X. F., Nones, C., Notari, A., Nozik, A., Obis, L., Oriol, C., Orsini, F., Ortiz de Solórzano, A., Oster, S., Pais Da Silva, H. P., Pantuev, V., Papaevangelou, T., Pareschi, G., Perez, K., Pérez, O., Picatoste, E., Pivovaroff, M. J., Poda, D. V., Redondo, J., Ringwald, A., Rodrigues, M. R.D., Rueda-Teruel, F., Rueda-Teruel, S., Ruiz-Choliz, E., Ruz, J., Saemann, E. O., Salvado, J., Schiffer, T., Schmidt, S., Schneekloth, U., Schott, M., Segui, L., Tavecchio, F., ten Kate, H. H. J., Tkachev, I., Troitsky, S., Unger, D., Unzhakov, E., Ushakov, N., Vogel, J. K., Voronin, D., Weltman, A., Werthenbach, U., Wuensch, W., and Yanes-Díaz, A.

Abstract

Axions are a natural consequence of the Peccei-Quinn mechanism, the most compelling solution to the strong-CP problem. Similar axion-like particles (ALPs) also appear in a number of possible extensions of the Standard Model, notably in string theories. Both axions and ALPs are very well motivated candidates for Dark Matter, and in addition, they would be copiously produced at the sun’s core. A relevant effort during the last decade has been the CAST experiment at CERN, the most sensitive axion helioscope to-date. The International Axion Observatory (IAXO) is a large-scale 4th generation helioscope. As its primary physics goal, IAXO will look for solar axions or ALPs with a signal to background ratio of about 5 orders of magnitude higher than CAST. Recently the IAXO collaboration has proposed and intermediate experimental stage, BabyIAXO, conceived to test all IAXO subsystems (magnet, optics, detectors and sun-tracking systems) at a relevant scale for the final system and thus serve as pathfinder for IAXO but at the same time as a fully-fledged helioscope with record and relevant physics reach in itself with potential for discovery. BabyIAXO was endorsed by the Physics Review committee of DESY last May 2019. Here we will review the status and prospects of BabyIAXO and its potential to probe the most physics motivated regions of the axion & ALPs parameter space.

Published
2021

23. High-resolution and low-background $$^{163}$$ <math><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>163</mn></msup></math> Ho spectrum: interpretation of the resonance tails

Author

Velte, C., Ahrens, F., Barth, A., Blaum, K., Braß, M., Door, M., Dorrer, H., Düllmann, Ch., Eliseev, S., Enss, C., Filianin, P., Fleischmann, A., Gastaldo, L., Goeggelmann, A., Goodacre, T., Haverkort, M., Hengstler, D., Jochum, J., Johnston, K., Keller, M., Kempf, S., Kieck, T., König, C., Köster, U., Kromer, K., Mantegazzini, F., Marsh, B., Novikov, Yu., Piquemal, F., Riccio, C., Richter, D., Rischka, A., Rothe, S., Schüssler, R., Schweiger, Ch., Stora, T., Wegner, M., Wendt, K., Zampaolo, M., and Zuber, K.

Abstract

The determination of the effective electron neutrino mass via kinematic analysis of beta and electron capture spectra is considered to be model-independent since it relies on energy and momentum conservation. At the same time the precise description of the expected spectrum goes beyond the simple phase space term. In particular for electron capture processes, many-body electron-electron interactions lead to additional structures besides the main resonances in calorimetrically measured spectra. A precise description of the $$^{163}$$ 163 Ho spectrum is fundamental for understanding the impact of low intensity structures at the endpoint region where a finite neutrino mass affects the shape most strongly. We present a low-background and high-energy resolution measurement of the $$^{163}$$ 163 Ho spectrum obtained in the framework of the ECHo experiment. We study the line shape of the main resonances and multiplets with intensities spanning three orders of magnitude. We discuss the need to introduce an asymmetric line shape contribution due to Auger–Meitner decay of states above the auto-ionisation threshold. With this we determine an enhancement of count rate at the endpoint region of about a factor of 2, which in turn leads to an equal reduction in the required exposure of the experiment to achieve a given sensitivity on the effective electron neutrino mass.

Published
2019

24. Axion search with BabyIAXO in view of IAXO

Author

Galan, Javier, primary, Abeln, A., additional, Altenmüller, K., additional, Arguedas Cuendis, S., additional, Armengaud, E., additional, Attié, D., additional, Aune, S., additional, Basso, S., additional, Bergé, L., additional, Biasuzzi, B., additional, Borges De Sousa, P. T. C., additional, Brun, P., additional, Bykovskiy, N., additional, Calvet, D., additional, Carmona, J. M., additional, Castel, J. F., additional, Cebrian, S., additional, Chernov, V., additional, Christensen, F. E., additional, Civitani, M.M., additional, Cogollos, C., additional, Dafni, T., additional, Derbin, A., additional, Desch, K., additional, Díez, D., additional, Dinter, M., additional, Dobrich, B., additional, Drachnev, I., additional, Dudarev, A., additional, Dumoulin, L., additional, Ferreira, D. D. M., additional, Ferrer-Ribas, E., additional, Fleck, I., additional, Gascon, D., additional, Gastaldo, L., additional, Giannotti, M., additional, Giomataris, Y., additional, Giuliani, A., additional, Gninenko, S., additional, Golm, J., additional, Golubev, N., additional, Hagge, L., additional, Hahn, J., additional, Hailey, C. J., additional, Hengstler, D., additional, Henriksen, P. L., additional, Iglesias-Marzoa, R., additional, Iguaz-Gutierrez, F. J., additional, Irastorza, I. G., additional, Iñiguez, C., additional, Jakovčić, K., additional, Kaminski, J., additional, Kanoute, B., additional, Karstensen, S., additional, Kravchuk, L., additional, Lakić, B., additional, Lasserre, T., additional, Laurent, P., additional, Limousin, O., additional, Lindner, A., additional, Loidl, M., additional, Lomskaya, I., additional, López-Alegre, G., additional, Lubsandorzhiev, B., additional, Ludwig, K., additional, Luzon, G., additional, Malbrunot, C., additional, Margalejo, C., additional, Marin-Franch, A., additional, Marnieros, S., additional, Marutzky, F., additional, Mauricio, J., additional, Menesguen, Y., additional, Mentink, M., additional, Mescia, F., additional, Miralda-Escudé, J., additional, Mirallas, H., additional, Mols, J. P., additional, Muratova, V., additional, Navick, X. F., additional, Nones, C., additional, Notari, A., additional, Nozik, A., additional, Obis, L., additional, Oriol, C., additional, Orsini, F., additional, Ortiz de Solórzano, A., additional, Oster, S., additional, Pais Da Silva, H. P., additional, Pantuev, V., additional, Papaevangelou, T., additional, Pareschi, G., additional, Perez, K., additional, Pérez, O., additional, Picatoste, E., additional, Pivovaroff, M. J., additional, Poda, D. V., additional, Redondo, J., additional, Ringwald, A., additional, Rodrigues, M. R.D., additional, Rueda-Teruel, F., additional, Rueda-Teruel, S., additional, Ruiz-Choliz, E., additional, Ruz, J., additional, Saemann, E. O., additional, Salvado, J., additional, Schiffer, T., additional, Schmidt, S., additional, Schneekloth, U., additional, Schott, M., additional, Segui, L., additional, Tavecchio, F., additional, ten Kate, H. H. J., additional, Tkachev, I., additional, Troitsky, S., additional, Unger, D., additional, Unzhakov, E., additional, Ushakov, N., additional, Vogel, J. K., additional, Voronin, D., additional, Weltman, A., additional, Werthenbach, U., additional, Wuensch, W., additional, and Yanes-Díaz, A., additional

Published
2021
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25. High-resolution and low-background $$^{163}$$Ho spectrum: interpretation of the resonance tails

Author

Velte, C., primary, Ahrens, F., additional, Barth, A., additional, Blaum, K., additional, Braß, M., additional, Door, M., additional, Dorrer, H., additional, Düllmann, Ch. E., additional, Eliseev, S., additional, Enss, C., additional, Filianin, P., additional, Fleischmann, A., additional, Gastaldo, L., additional, Goeggelmann, A., additional, Goodacre, T. Day, additional, Haverkort, M. W., additional, Hengstler, D., additional, Jochum, J., additional, Johnston, K., additional, Keller, M., additional, Kempf, S., additional, Kieck, T., additional, König, C. M., additional, Köster, U., additional, Kromer, K., additional, Mantegazzini, F., additional, Marsh, B., additional, Novikov, Yu. N., additional, Piquemal, F., additional, Riccio, C., additional, Richter, D., additional, Rischka, A., additional, Rothe, S., additional, Schüssler, R. X., additional, Schweiger, Ch., additional, Stora, T., additional, Wegner, M., additional, Wendt, K., additional, Zampaolo, M., additional, and Zuber, K., additional

Published
2019
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26. Characterization of the $^{163}$Ho Electron Capture Spectrum: A Step Towards the Electron Neutrino Mass Determination

Author

Ranitzsch, P. C., Hassel, C., Wegner, M., Hengstler, D., Kempf, S., Fleischmann, A., Enss, C., Gastaldo, L., Herlert, A., and Johnston, K.

Subjects
High Energy Physics::Experiment, ddc:620, Engineering & allied operations
Abstract

The isotope $^{163}$Ho is in many ways the best candidate to perform experiments to investigate the value of the electron neutrino mass. It undergoes an electron capture process to $^{163}$Dy with an energy available to the decay, Q$_{EC}$, of about 2.8 keV. According to the present knowledge, this is the lowest Q$_{EC}$ value for such transitions. Here we discuss a newly obtained spectrum of $^{163}$Ho, taken by cryogenic metallic magnetic calorimeters with $^{163}$Ho implanted in the absorbers and operated in anticoincident mode for background reduction. For the first time, the atomic deexcitation of the $^{163}$Dy daughter atom following the capture of electrons from the 5s shell in $^{163}$Ho, the OI line, was observed with a calorimetric measurement. The peak energy is determined to be 48 eV. In addition, a precise determination of the energy available for the decay Q$_{EC}$=(2.858±0.010$_{stat}$±0.05$_{syst}$) keV was obtained by analyzing the intensities of the lines in the spectrum. This value is in good agreement with the measurement of the mass difference between $^{163}$Ho and $^{163}$Dy obtained by Penning-trap mass spectrometry, demonstrating the reliability of the calorimetric technique.

Published
2017

33. The electron capture in Ho experiment - ECHo.

Author

Gastaldo, L., Blaum, K., Chrysalidis, K., Day Goodacre, T., Domula, A., Door, M., Dorrer, H., Düllmann, Ch., Eberhardt, K., Eliseev, S., Enss, C., Faessler, A., Filianin, P., Fleischmann, A., Fonnesu, D., Gamer, L., Haas, R., Hassel, C., Hengstler, D., and Jochum, J.

Subjects
ELECTRON capture, NEUTRINOS, WEAK interactions (Nuclear physics), PROTOTYPES, NEUTRINO mass
Abstract

Neutrinos, and in particular their tiny but non-vanishing masses, can be considered one of the doors towards physics beyond the Standard Model. Precision measurements of the kinematics of weak interactions, in particular of the H β-decay and the Ho electron capture (EC), represent the only model independent approach to determine the absolute scale of neutrino masses. The electron capture in Ho experiment, ECHo, is designed to reach sub-eV sensitivity on the electron neutrino mass by means of the analysis of the calorimetrically measured electron capture spectrum of the nuclide Ho. The maximum energy available for this decay, about 2.8 keV, constrains the type of detectors that can be used. Arrays of low temperature metallic magnetic calorimeters (MMCs) are being developed to measure the Ho EC spectrum with energy resolution below 3 eV FWHM and with a time resolution below 1 μs. To achieve the sub-eV sensitivity on the electron neutrino mass, together with the detector optimization, the availability of large ultra-pure Ho samples, the identification and suppression of background sources as well as the precise parametrization of the Ho EC spectrum are of utmost importance. The high-energy resolution Ho spectra measured with the first MMC prototypes with ion-implanted Ho set the basis for the ECHo experiment. We describe the conceptual design of ECHo and motivate the strategies we have adopted to carry on the present medium scale experiment, ECHo-1K. In this experiment, the use of 1 kBq Ho will allow to reach a neutrino mass sensitivity below 10 eV/ c . We then discuss how the results being achieved in ECHo-1k will guide the design of the next stage of the ECHo experiment, ECHo-1M, where a source of the order of 1 MBq Ho embedded in large MMCs arrays will allow to reach sub-eV sensitivity on the electron neutrino mass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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34. Development of Metallic Magnetic Calorimeters for High Precision Measurements of Calorimetric Re and Ho Spectra.

Author

Ranitzsch, P., Porst, J.-P., Kempf, S., Pies, C., Schäfer, S., Hengstler, D., Fleischmann, A., Enss, C., and Gastaldo, L.

Subjects
CALORIMETERS, RHENIUM, NUCLEAR counters, HOLMIUM, ELECTRON capture, BETA decay, LOW temperatures, SPECTRUM analysis
Abstract

The measurement of calorimetric spectra following atomic weak decays, beta ( β) and electron capture (EC), of nuclides having a very low Q-value, can provide an impressively high sensitivity to a non-vanishing neutrino mass. The achievable sensitivity in this kind of experiments is directly connected to the performance of the used detectors. In particular an energy resolution of a few eV and a pulse formation time well below 1 μs are required. Low temperature Metallic Magnetic Calorimeters (MMCs) for soft X-rays have already shown an energy resolution of 2.0 eV FWHM and a pulse rise-time of about 90 ns for fully micro-fabricated detectors. We present the use of MMCs for high precision measurements of calorimetric spectra following the β-decay of Re and the EC of Ho. We show results obtained with detectors optimized for Re and for Ho experiments respectively. While the detectors equipped with superconducting Re absorbers have not yet reached the aimed performance, a first detector prototype with a Au absorber having implanted Ho ions already shows excellent results. An energy resolution of 12 eV FWHM and a rise time of 90 ns were measured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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35. Conceptual Design of BabyIAXO, the intermediate stage towards the International Axion Observatory

Author

Abeln, A., Altenmüller, K., Arguedas Cuendis, S., Armengaud, E., Attié, D., Aune, S., Basso, S., Bergé, L., Biasuzzi, B., Borges De Sousa, P. T. C., Brun, P., Bykovskiy, N., Calvet, D., Carmona, J. M., Castel, J. F., Cebrián, S., Chernov, V., Christensen, F. E., Civitani, M. M., Cogollos, C., Dafní, T., Derbin, A., Desch, K., Díez, D., Dinter, M., Döbrich, B., Drachnev, I., Dudarev, A., Dumoulin, L., Ferreira, D. D. M., Ferrer-Ribas, E., Fleck, I., Galán, J., Gascón, D., Gastaldo, L., Giannotti, M., Giomataris, Y., Giuliani, A., Gninenko, S., Golm, J., Golubev, N., Hagge, L., Hahn, J., Hailey, C. J., Hengstler, D., Henriksen, P. L., Houdy, T., Iglesias-Marzoa, R., Iguaz-Gutierrez, F. J., Irastorza, I. G., Iñiguez, C., Jakovčić, K., Kaminski, J., Kanoute, B., Karstensen, S., Kravchuk, L., Lakić, B., Lasserre, T., Laurent, P., Limousin, O., Lindner, Axel, Loidl, M., Lomskaya, I., López-Alegre, G., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Ludwig, Kai, Luzón, G., Malbrunot, C., Margalejo, C., Marin-Franch, A., Marnieros, S., Marutzky, F., Mauricio, J., Menesguen, Y., Mentink, M., Mertens, S., Mescia, F., Miralda-Escudé, J., Mirallas, H., Mols, J. P., Muratova, V., Navick, X. F., Nones, C., Notari, A., Nozik, A., Obis, L., Oriol, C., Orsini, F., Ortiz De Solórzano, A., Oster, S., Pais Da Silva, H. P., Pantuev, V., Papaevangelou, T., Pareschi, G., Perez, K., Pérez, O., Picatoste, E., Pivovaroff, M. J., Poda, D. V., Redondo, J., Ringwald, A., Rodrigues, M., Rueda-Teruel, F., Rueda-Teruel, S., Ruiz-Choliz, E., Ruz, J., Saemann, E. O., Salvado, J., Schiffer, T., Schmidt, S., Schneekloth, U., Schott, M., Segui, L., Tavecchio, F., Ten Kate, H. H. J., Tkachev, I., Troitsky, S., Unger, D., Unzhakov, E., Ushakov, N., Vogel, J. K., Voronin, D., Weltman, A., Werthenbach, U., Wuensch, W., and Yanes-Díaz, A.

Subjects
7. Clean energy
Abstract

This article describes BabyIAXO, an intermediate experimental stage of the International Axion Observatory (IAXO), proposed to be sited at DESY. IAXO is a large-scale axion helioscope that will look for axions and axion-like particles (ALPs), produced in the Sun, with unprecedented sensitivity. BabyIAXO is conceived to test all IAXO subsystems (magnet, optics and detectors) at a relevant scale for the final system and thus serve as prototype for IAXO, but at the same time as a fully-fledged helioscope with relevant physics reach itself, and with potential for discovery. The BabyIAXO magnet will feature two 10 m long, 70 cm diameter bores, and will host two detection lines (optics and detector) of dimensions similar to the final ones foreseen for IAXO. BabyIAXO will detect or reject solar axions or ALPs with axion-photon couplings down to $g_{a\gamma} \sim 1.5 \times 10^{-11}$ GeV$^{-1}$, and masses up to $m_a\sim 0.25$ eV. BabyIAXO will offer additional opportunities for axion research in view of IAXO, like the development of precision x-ray detectors to identify particular spectral features in the solar axion spectrum, and the implementation of radiofrequency-cavity-based axion dark matter setups.

36. Axion search with BabyIAXO in view of IAXO

Author

Abeln, A., Altenmüller, K., Cuendis, S. Arguedas, Armengaud, E., Attié, D., Aune, S., Basso, S., Bergé, L., Biasuzzi, B., De Sousa, P. T. C. Borges, Brun, P., Bykovskiy, N., Calvet, D., Carmona, J. M., Castel, J. F., Cebrián, S., Chernov, V., Christensen, F. E., Civitani, M. M., Cogollos, C., Dafni, T., Derbin, A., Deschu, K., Díez, D., Dinter, M., Döbrich, B., Drachnev, I., Dudarev, A., Dumoulin, L., Ferreira, D. D. M., Ferrer-Ribas, E., Fleck, I., Galan, Javier, Gascón, D., Gastaldo, L., Giannotti, M., Giomataris, Y., Giuliani, A., Gninenko, S., Golm, J., Golubev, N., Hagge, L., Hahn, J., Hailey, J., Hengstler, D., Henriksen, P. L., Iglesias-Marzoa, R., Iguaz-Gutierrez, F. J., Irastorza, I. G., Iñiguez, C., Jakovcic, K., Kaminski, J., Kanoute, B., Karstensen, S., Kravchuk, L., Lakic, B., Lasserre, T., Laurent, P., Limousin, O., Lindner, A., Loidl, M., Lomskaya, I., López-Alegre, G., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Ludwig, K., Luzón, G., Malbrunot, C., Margalejo, C., Marin-Franch, A., Marnieros, S., Marutzky, F., Mauricio, J., Menesguen, Y., Mentink, M., Mescia, F., Miralda-Escudé, J., Mirallas, H., Mols, J. P., Muratova, V., Navick, X. F., Nones, C., Notari, A., Nozik, A., Obis, L., Oriol, C., Orsini, F., Ortiz De Solórzano, A., Oster, S., Pais Da Silva, H. P., Pantuev, V., Papaevangelou, T., Pareschi, G., Perez, K., Pérez, O., Picatoste, E., Pivovaroff, M. J., Poda, D. V., Redondo, J., Ringwald, A., Rodrigues, M., Rueda-Teruel, F., Rueda-Teruel, S., Ruiz-Choliz, E., Ruz, J., Saemann, E. O., Salvado, J., Schiffer, T., Schmidt, S., Schneekloth, U., Schott, M., Segui, L., Tavecchio, F., Ten Kate, H. H. J., Tkachev, I., Troitsky, S., Unger, D., Unzhakov, E., Ushakov, N., Vogel, J. K., Voronin, D., Weltman, A., Werthenbach, U., Wuensch, W., and Yanes-Díaz, A.

Subjects
experimental methods, axion: solar, IAXO, 7. Clean energy, activity report, detector: design
Abstract

Axions are a natural consequence of the Peccei-Quinn mechanism, the most compelling solution to the strong-CP problem. Similar axion-like particles (ALPs) also appear in a number of possible extensions of the Standard Model, notably in string theories. Both axions and ALPs are very well motivated candidates for Dark Matter, and in addition, they would be copiously produced at the sun's core. A relevant effort during the last decade has been the CAST experiment at CERN, the most sensitive axion helioscope to-date. The International Axion Observatory (IAXO) is a large-scale 4th generation helioscope. As its primary physics goal, IAXO will look for solar axions or ALPs with a signal to background ratio of about 5 orders of magnitude higher than CAST. Recently the IAXO collaboration has proposed and intermediate experimental stage, BabyIAXO, conceived to test all IAXO subsystems (magnet, optics, detectors and sun-tracking systems) at a relevant scale for the final system and thus serve as pathfinder for IAXO but at the same time as a fully-fledged helioscope with record and relevant physics reach in itself with potential for discovery. BabyIAXO was endorsed by the Physics Review committee of DESY last May 2019. Here we will review the status and prospects of BabyIAXO and its potential to probe the most physics motivated regions of the axion & ALPs parameter space.

37. The electron capture in $^{163}$Ho experiment – ECHo

Author

Gastaldo, L., Blaum, K., Chrysalidis, K., Day Goodacre, T., Domula, A., Door, M., Dorrer, H., Düllmann, C. E., Eberhardt, K., Eliseev, S., Enss, C., Faessler, A., Filianin, P., Fleischmann, A., Fonnesu, D., Gamer, L., Haas, R., Hassel, C., Hengstler, D., Jochum, J., Johnston, K., Kebschull, U., Kempf, S., Kieck, T., Köster, U., Lahiri, S., Maiti, M., Mantegazzini, F., Marsh, B., Neroutsos, P., Novikov, Y. N., Ranitzsch, P. C. O., Rothe, S., Rischka, A., Saenz, A., Sander, O., Schneider, F., Scholl, S., Schüssler, R. X., Schweiger, C., Simkovic, F., Stora, T., Szücs, Z., Türler, A., Veinhard, M., Weber, M., Wegner, M., Wendt, K., and Zuber, K.

Subjects
7. Clean energy
Abstract

Neutrinos, and in particular their tiny but non-vanishing masses, can be considered one of the doors towards physics beyond the Standard Model. Precision measurements of the kinematics of weak interactions, in particular of the $^{3}$H β-decay and the $^{163}$Ho electron capture (EC), represent the only model independent approach to determine the absolute scale of neutrino masses. The electron capture in $^{163}$Ho experiment, ECHo, is designed to reach sub-eV sensitivity on the electron neutrino mass by means of the analysis of the calorimetrically measured electron capture spectrum of the nuclide $^{163}$Ho. The maximum energy available for this decay, about 2.8 keV, constrains the type of detectors that can be used. Arrays of low temperature metallic magnetic calorimeters (MMCs) are being developed to measure the $^{163}$Ho EC spectrum with energy resolution below 3 eV FWHM and with a time resolution below 1 μs. To achieve the sub-eV sensitivity on the electron neutrino mass, together with the detector optimization, the availability of large ultra-pure $^{163}$Ho samples, the identification and suppression of background sources as well as the precise parametrization of the $^{163}$Ho EC spectrum are of utmost importance. The high-energy resolution $^{163}$Ho spectra measured with the first MMC prototypes with ion-implanted $^{163}$Ho set the basis for the ECHo experiment. We describe the conceptual design of ECHo and motivate the strategies we have adopted to carry on the present medium scale experiment, ECHo-1K. In this experiment, the use of 1 kBq $^{163}$Ho will allow to reach a neutrino mass sensitivity below 10 eV/c$^{2}$. We then discuss how the results being achieved in ECHo-1k will guide the design of the next stage of the ECHo experiment, ECHo-1M, where a source of the order of 1 MBq $^{163}$Ho embedded in large MMCs arrays will allow to reach sub-eV sensitivity on the electron neutrino mass.

38. Conceptual design of BabyIAXO, the intermediate stage towards the International Axion Observatory

Author

Abeln, A., Altenm��ller, K., Arguedas Cuendis, S., Armengaud, E., Atti��, D., Aune, S., Basso, S., Berg��, L., Biasuzzi, B., Borges De Sousa, P. T. C., Brun, P., Bykovskiy, N., Calvet, D., Carmona, J. M., Castel, J. F., Cebri��n, S., Chernov, V., Christensen, F. E., Civitani, M. M., Cogollos, C., Dafn��, T., Derbin, A., Desch, K., D��ez, D., Dinter, M., D��brich, B., Drachnev, I., Dudarev, A., Dumoulin, L., Ferreira, D. D. M., Ferrer-Ribas, E., Fleck, I., Gal��n, J., Gasc��n, D., Gastaldo, L., Giannotti, M., Giomataris, Y., Giuliani, A., Gninenko, S., Golm, J., Golubev, N., Hagge, L., Hahn, J., Hailey, C. J., Hengstler, D., Henriksen, P. L., Houdy, T., Iglesias-Marzoa, R., Iguaz, F. J., Irastorza, I. G., I��iguez, C., Jakov��i��, K., Kaminski, J., Kanoute, B., Karstensen, S., Kravchuk, L., Laki��, B., Lasserre, T., Laurent, P., Limousin, O., Lindner, A., Loidl, M., Lomskaya, I., L��pez-Alegre, G., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Ludwig, K., Luz��n, G., Malbrunot, C., Margalejo, C., Marin-Franch, A., Marnieros, S., Marutzky, F., Mauricio, J., Menesguen, Y., Mentink, M., Mertens, S., Mescia, F., Miralda-Escud��, J., Mirallas, H., Mols, J. P., Muratova, V., Navick, X. F., Nones, C., Notari, A., Nozik, A., Obis, L., Oriol, C., Orsini, F., Ortiz de Sol��rzano, A., Oster, S., Pais Da Silva, H. P., Pantuev, V., Papaevangelou, T., Pareschi, G., Perez, K., P��rez, O., Picatoste, E., Pivovaroff, M. J., Poda, D. V., Redondo, J., Ringwald, A., Rodrigues, M., Rueda-Teruel, F., Rueda-Teruel, S., Ruiz-Choliz, E., Ruz, J., Saemann, E. O., Salvado, J., Schiffer, T., Schmidt, S., Schneekloth, U., Schott, M., Segui, L., Tavecchio, F., ten Kate, H. H. J., Tkachev, I., Troitsky, S., Unger, D., Unzhakov, E., Ushakov, N., Vogel, J. K., Voronin, D., Weltman, A., Werthenbach, U., Wuensch, W., and Yanes-D��az, A.

Subjects
axion: dark matter, CP violation, Beyond Standard Model, Dark matter, axion-like particles, Other experiments, axion: solar, IAXO, sensitivity, 7. Clean energy, optics, detector: design
Abstract

Journal of high energy physics 05(5), 137 (2021). doi:10.1007/JHEP05(2021)137, This article describes BabyIAXO, an intermediate experimental stage of the International Axion Observatory (IAXO), proposed to be sited at DESY. IAXO is a large-scale axion helioscope that will look for axions and axion-like particles (ALPs), produced in the Sun, with unprecedented sensitivity. BabyIAXO is conceived to test all IAXO subsystems (magnet, optics and detectors) at a relevant scale for the final system and thus serve as prototype for IAXO, but at the same time as a fully-fledged helioscope with relevant physics reach itself, and with potential for discovery. The BabyIAXO magnet will feature two 10 m long, 70 cm diameter bores, and will host two detection lines (optics and detector) of dimensions similar to the final ones foreseen for IAXO. BabyIAXO will detect or reject solar axions or ALPs with axion-photon couplings down to g$_{a��}$ ��� 1.5 �� 10$^{���11}$ GeV$^{���1}$, and masses up to m$_{a}$ ��� 0.25 eV. BabyIAXO will offer additional opportunities for axion research in view of IAXO, like the development of precision x-ray detectors to identify particular spectral features in the solar axion spectrum, and the implementation of radiofrequency-cavity-based axion dark matter setups.[graphic not available: see fulltext], Published by SISSA, [Trieste]

39. Characterization of the 163Ho Electron Capture Spectrum: A Step Towards the Electron Neutrino Mass Determination.

Author

Ranitzsch, P. C.-O., Hassel, C., Wegner, M., Hengstler, D., Kempf, S., Fleischmann, A., Enss, C., Gastaldo, L., Herlert, A., and Johnston, K.

Subjects
*ELECTRONIC neutrino, *HOLMIUM compounds, *NEUTRINO mass
Abstract

The isotope 163Ho is in many ways the best candidate to perform experiments to investigate the value of the electron neutrino mass. It undergoes an electron capture process to 163Dy with an energy available to the decay, QEC, of about 2.8 keV. According to the present knowledge, this is the lowest QEC value for such transitions. Here we discuss a newly obtained spectrum of 163Ho, taken by cryogenic metallic magnetic calorimeters with 163Ho implanted in the absorbers and operated in anticoincident mode for background reduction. For the first time, the atomic deexcitation of the 163Dy daughter atom following the capture of electrons from the 5s shell in 163Ho, the OI line, was observed with a calorimetric measurement. The peak energy is determined to be 48 eV. In addition, a precise determination of the energy available for the decay QEC=(2.858±0.010stat±0.05syst) keV was obtained by analyzing the intensities of the lines in the spectrum. This value is in good agreement with the measurement of the mass difference between 163Ho and 163Dy obtained by Penning-trap mass spectrometry, demonstrating the reliability of the calorimetric technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
Full Text
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40. Measurement of the ^{229}Th Isomer Energy with a Magnetic Microcalorimeter.

Author

Sikorsky T, Geist J, Hengstler D, Kempf S, Gastaldo L, Enss C, Mokry C, Runke J, Düllmann CE, Wobrauschek P, Beeks K, Rosecker V, Sterba JH, Kazakov G, Schumm T, and Fleischmann A

Abstract

We present a measurement of the low-energy (0-60 keV) γ-ray spectrum produced in the α decay of ^{233}U using a dedicated cryogenic magnetic microcalorimeter. The energy resolution of ∼10  eV, together with exceptional gain linearity, allows us to determine the energy of the low-lying isomeric state in ^{229}Th using four complementary evaluation schemes. The most precise scheme determines the ^{229}Th isomer energy to be 8.10(17) eV, corresponding to 153.1(32) nm, superseding in precision previous values based on γ spectroscopy, and agreeing with a recent measurement based on internal conversion electrons. We also measure branching ratios of the relevant excited states to be b&#95;{29}=9.3(6)% and b&#95;{42}<0.7%.

Published
2020
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41. Characterization of the ^{163}Ho Electron Capture Spectrum: A Step Towards the Electron Neutrino Mass Determination.

Author

Ranitzsch PC, Hassel C, Wegner M, Hengstler D, Kempf S, Fleischmann A, Enss C, Gastaldo L, Herlert A, and Johnston K

Abstract

The isotope ^{163}Ho is in many ways the best candidate to perform experiments to investigate the value of the electron neutrino mass. It undergoes an electron capture process to ^{163}Dy with an energy available to the decay, Q&#95;{EC}, of about 2.8 keV. According to the present knowledge, this is the lowest Q&#95;{EC} value for such transitions. Here we discuss a newly obtained spectrum of ^{163}Ho, taken by cryogenic metallic magnetic calorimeters with ^{163}Ho implanted in the absorbers and operated in anticoincident mode for background reduction. For the first time, the atomic deexcitation of the ^{163}Dy daughter atom following the capture of electrons from the 5s shell in ^{163}Ho, the OI line, was observed with a calorimetric measurement. The peak energy is determined to be 48 eV. In addition, a precise determination of the energy available for the decay Q&#95;{EC}=(2.858±0.010&#95;{stat}±0.05&#95;{syst})  keV was obtained by analyzing the intensities of the lines in the spectrum. This value is in good agreement with the measurement of the mass difference between ^{163}Ho and ^{163}Dy obtained by Penning-trap mass spectrometry, demonstrating the reliability of the calorimetric technique.

Published
2017
Full Text
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