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Field experiments had been conducted using different pesticides commonly used on vegetable crops searching for suitable compound could be successfully used in controlling of the glassy clover snail, Monacha cartusiana, during the activity period at Sharkia Governorate. The obtained data clearly showed, the percent reductions of snail under field conditions were significantly differed from one pesticide to another and from vegetable crop to another more over the date of examination after application was also affected in addition to; densities of infestation, the crop cultivation rates, ecological behavior of the snails and types of dispersion in each crop. Since, the tested pesticides reduced snails’ population in squash with varying degrees, the general means of percent reduction three days after application recorded maximum reduction with malathion and methomyl with 57.26 and 53.61% reduction, while the least effects were recorded with imidacloprid and acetamiprid with 31.25 and 27.07%. The same trend was observed two and three weeks after application with a slight increase or decrease in reduction percentages with all tested compounds. On the other site, the tested pesticides reducing populations on cabbage one week after application with maximum reduction by methomyl and malathion, 56.09 and 52.51%, while the least effects were recorded with acetamiprid and imidacloprid with 30.61and 26.51% reduction, respectively. When regarding reducing in snails’ populations on eggplant three weeks after application, the highest effect was recorded with malathion; moderate effect was with fipronil while imidacloprid showed the least effect in reduction. As soon as, on tomato one week after application, the reduction recorded with malathion was 57.25% followed by methomyl 53.60%, while with imidacloprid 31.25% and acetamiprid 27.07% reduction percentages. On green pea the efficacy of pesticides after the third week of application reducing the populations with highest effect by methomyl; moderate effect with fipronil while the least effect recorded with imidacloprid. While in spinach one week after application the reduction percentages recorded 59.24% with methomyl, 55.47% with malathion, 32.33% with acetamiprid and 28.01% reduction, with imidacloprid moreover the same trend was observed two and three weeks after application. Generally, the molluscicidal determination of all tested pesticides in controlling the glassy clover snail, M. cartusiana infesting vegetable crops under field conditions at Sharkia Governorate could be arranged as; total general means of percent reduction, after four weeks of application as follows: Methomyl < Malathion < Emamectin benzoate < Fipronil < Acetamiprid and Imidacloprid with percentage reductions of 59.06, 54.24, 47.77, 43.26, 30.75 and 28.96%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Obesity affects multiple organs in the body including salivary glands resulting in secretory dysfunction. The selective water channels, aquaporins (AQPs) have a role in salivary secretion. As far as the authors know, no previous research has been done to investigate the effect of a high fat diet on AQ8 localization in sublingual glands (SLGs). Methods: 12 male Sprague-Dawley albino rats were equally divided into two groups: a control group and a high fat diet (HFD) group. After 12 weeks, their blood glucose, insulin, serum triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL and LDL were evaluated. SLGs were dissected out and stained by H&E, PAS/Alcian and immunohistochemically using anti-smooth muscle actin (a SMA) and anti-AQ8 antibodies. Results: Compared to the control group, blood insulin resistance, serum triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL levels were highly significantly increased, while HDL was highly significantly decreased. HFD SLGs were distorted with vacuolations, thick fibrous septa and congested blood vessels. Diameters were decreased. Image analysis of PAS/Alcian and a SMA showed a highly significant increase in the (alcian blue) and a significant increase in the area % of a SMA, while the expression of AQ8 was highly significant decreased compared to the control group. Conclusions: The decreased AQ8 immunoexpression in HFD rats might contribute to gland 'secretory dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arab Journal of Plant Protection is the property of Arab Society for Plant Protection and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

One of the reasons for acute kidney damage is renal ischemia. Nevertheless, there are limited protective and therapeutic approaches for this problem. Diacerein is an anti-inflammatory drug characterized by numerous biological activities. We aimed to determine the ameliorative impact of diacerein on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) condition, exploring the underlying mechanisms. Twenty-four male rats were allotted into four groups (n= 6): sham group; Diacerein (DIA) group; I/R group, in which a non-crushing clamp occluded the left renal pedicle for 45 min, and the right kidney was nephrectomized for 5 min before the reperfusion process; I/R + diacerein group, injected intraperitoneally with 50 mg diacerein/kg i.m 30 minutes prior to I/R operation. Ischemia/reperfusion was found to affect renal function and induce histopathological alterations. The flow cytometry analysis demonstrated an elevated expression of innate and mature dendritic cells in I/R renal tissues. Moreover, upregulation in the expression of the inflammatory genes (TLR4, Myd88, and NLRP3), and overexpression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1b), apoptotic (caspase-3) and pyroptotic (caspase-1) markers were observed in I/R-experienced animals. The aforementioned deteriorations were mitigated by pre-I/R diacerein treatment. Diacerein alleviated I/R-induced inflammation and apoptosis. Thus, it could be a promising protective agent against I/R. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]