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This study was carried out to investigate hematological parameters and immunoglobulin levels in Van cats with solar dermatitis. The animal material of this study consisted of 20 cats of different ages (3-15 years) and gender, diagnosed with "Solar Dermatitis" as a result of the examinations, and 7 cats without any apparent disease, located in the Van Cat Research and Application Center. V. cephalica blood samples were taken from sick and healthy cats. It was determined that there was a significant decrease in Thr (platelet) and Pct (platelet platecrit) (p<0.05) and Lym (lymphocyte) value (p<0.01) and a significant increase in Neu (neutrophil) and Eo (eosinophil) values (p<0.05) in Van cats with solar dermatitis. It was determined that there was a significant increase in the Glob (globulin) value of Van cats with solar dermatitis (p<0.05) and a significant decrease in the Alb (albumin)/Glob value (p<0.01). Among the immunoglobulins, IgA value decreased in Van cats with solar dermatitis compared to healthy ones, and increased IgE and IgG values, but this decrease and increase were not significant (p>0.05), while the IgM value of Van cats with solar dermatitis increased significantly (p<0.05). As a result, it has been revealed that the probability of solar dermatitis in Van cats is higher than other cat breeds, and that solar dermatitis does not cause a significant change in hematological and biochemical parameters. In addition, hematological and biochemical [TP (total protein), Alb, Glob] parameters and immunoglobulin (IgA, IgE, IgG, IgM) levels were determined for the first time in cats with solar dermatitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: With advances in the treatment of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (PHO) patients, the survival of patients are increasing day by day. However, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAI) is still a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in this group of patients. This study aimed to evaluate the rates of HAI in patients who were hospitalized in Uludag University Medical Faculty PHO Clinic during the 4-year study period. Materials and Methods: HAI was diagnosed according to the CDC (Center for Disease Control and Prevention) 2008 criteria. We recorded the number of patients admitted, the number of patients with HAI, the total number of HAI episodes, and the length of stay in hospital. We calculated HAI rate and HAI density (per 1000 patient-days). Results: During the four years, 3069 hospitalizations were recorded in 607 PHO patients (5.05 admissions per patient). 38.6% of the patients were female, and 61.4% male. The mean age was 100.8 ± 63.6 months. The mean duration of hospitalization was 14 ± 17.16 days. A total of 232 HAI episodes were recorded in 141 hospitalizations. HAI rate was 7.5%, and HAI density was 5.36/1000 patient-days. Conclusion: The HAI rates in our PHO unit were comparable to those of developed countries and lower than those of developing countries and prior results from our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: With advances in the treatment of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (PHO) patients, the survival of patients are increasing day by day. However, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAI) is still a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in this group of patients. This study aimed to evaluate the rates of HAI in patients who were hospitalized in Uludag University Medical Faculty PHO Clinic during the 4-year study period. Materials and Methods: HAI was diagnosed according to the CDC (Center for Disease Control and Prevention) 2008 criteria. We recorded the number of patients admitted, the number of patients with HAI, the total number of HAI episodes, and the length of stay in hospital. We calculated HAI rate and HAI density (per 1000 patient-days). Results: During the four years, 3069 hospitalizations were recorded in 607 PHO patients (5.05 admissions per patient). 38.6% of the patients were female, and 61.4% male. The mean age was 100.8 ± 63.6 months. The mean duration of hospitalization was 14 ± 17.16 days. A total of 232 HAI episodes were recorded in 141 hospitalizations. HAI rate was 7.5%, and HAI density was 5.36/1000 patient-days. Conclusion: The HAI rates in our PHO unit were comparable to those of developed countries and lower than those of developing countries and prior results from our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Anatolian Environmental & Animal Science is the property of Bulent Verep and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the chronic diseases, relationship increased blood glucose level, that requires urgent global attention due to its prevalence and associated complications. DM leads to oxidative stress that plays an important role in the development of various complications in diabetes by suppressing the immune system. Prunus spinosa is a plant that has been used in the treatment of many diseases from past to present, thanks to its high antioxidant activity. Therefore, the present study aims to research the effect of P. spinosa leaf and flower mixture on immune system during the short-term diabetic condition. In the study, 56 Wistar albino male rats divided into 7 groups, one of which control and others six diabetic groups, were used to determine the effects of P. spinosa on adenosine deaminase (ADA), (xanthine oxidase) XO and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities in the liver tissues of diabetic rats as well as on hemogram parameters. Two of these groups were given plant extract in different concentrations (25 and 50 mg/kg bw) and the results were compared with insulin, metformin and acarbose groups. The results showed that both doses administered had a modulating effect on the changing hematological parameters caused by diabetes. Treatment groups significantly decreased ADA, XO, and MPO activities compared to diabetic group. The effects of the PSE50 were found to be more effective than all other treatment. These effects of the plant in diabetesmay be due to its therapeutic immunoregulatory potential. As a result, P. spinosa can be a valuable resource as an adjuvant on diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, it was aimed to examine the biochemical changes, hematological changes and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology and blood serum of cattle with head-eye form of Malignant Catarrhal Fever (MCF). For this purpose, 22 cattle diagnosed with "head-eye form" of MCF and clinically healthy 10 cattle were evaluated. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were collected from all cattle. In sera, AST, urea, glucose, CK (P<0.05), LDH levels (P<0.01) were found be high, ALT, ALP, cholesterol (P<0.05), Ca, total protein (P<0.01) and Mg, albumine and Fe levels (P<0.001) were found to be low in MCF group when compared to the control group. In CSF, Ca (P<0.01) and total protein levels (P<0.001) were found high glucose level (P<0.05) was found low in MCF group when compared to the control group. In haematology, some parameters were determined to be different between the groups. In cytological results of CSF in MCF group, polymorphonuclear leucocytes, lymphocytes, erytrocytes, macrophages and plasma cells were determined. In conclusion, since there were a limited number of studies examining biochemical, cytologic and hematological results of MCF especially in CSF, the results from our study were thought to be important for future studies in which viral diseases affects the nervous system of cattles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ANKEM Antibiyotik & Kemoterapi Dergisi is the property of ANKEM Antibiyotik & Kemoterapi Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tick-borne maladies of canines are increasing in sub-tropical and tropical areas around the globe. Theileriosis is an emerging issue in canines, especially dogs but the data regarding the disease prevalence in Asian countries is scarce. Therefore, the current study was designed to check the molecular prevalence of Theileria spp. in dogs of Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 102 dog blood samples were initially screened by microscopy and later on by PCR. The results revealed that 10.78% (11/102) and 6.86% (7/102) of pet dogs were found positive by PCR and microscopy, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis showed the sequences resemblance up to 98-99% with cytb gene fragments of Theileria annulata isolates from Iran, India, Turkey, Sudan, China, and Tunisia. Assumed risk factors revealed a significant (P<0.05) association of house hygiene, tick infestation, and tick prevention applications with the disease dynamics. The infected animals also showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in values of red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin level, PCV, and platelet count. This is the first report regarding the molecular evidence of T. annulata infection in dogs of Pakistan. This study will help control the increasing tick-borne maladies of dog population in Pakistan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Ege University Nursing Faculty (JEUNF) is the property of Journal of Ege University Nursing Faculty (JEUNF) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Hematological and oncological diseases in children in our country; if appropriate diagnosis and treatment methods are not applied, it has particular importance due to the high rate of death, disability, and late side effects. It is aimed to analyze the last ten years of placement and post-graduation period in Pediatric Hematology and Oncology in Turkey. Materials and Methods: Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Specialization Education Core Curriculum, Minor Specialization Education Entrance Examination (YDUS), State Service Obligation (DHY) Settlement List, Optional rules for appointment by inter-provincial relocation, Higher Education Academic Search Engine and Additional Payment Regulations examined. Results: In the last ten years, 190 of the 340 places have been settled, and 150 remain vacant. 100% placement rates in the first two years, the data of which were analyzed, decreased to 7% and 17% in the last two years. The 10-year average settlement rate in all centers was calculated as 44%. With a minimum score of 46 and a maximum score of 85, placement in Pediatric Hematology and Oncology was achieved, and the average score of all centers was 65 points. Out of 212 people placed by ÖSYM, 139 who completed the assistantship process and were appointed were identified. Istanbul (22) and Ankara (16) took the lead in DHY draws, including the Spouse and Excuse draw; 12 people were assigned to Diyarbakir, followed by Sanliurfa with 11 experts. The total number of academicians reporting the field of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology in the YÖK database is 168, and 98 professors have been identified. Conclusion: While an average of 14 Pediatric Hematology and Oncology specialists have been trained every year until now, it is predicted that 2 to 3 specialists will be trained in the next period. The Ministry of Health has planned to work with 177 Pediatric Hematology and Oncology specialists in 41 provinces of Turkey in the Personnel Distribution Chart. The appointment of 3 times as many experts in the last ten years as the PDC envisaged in Batman, Malatya, and Sivas shows that there are problems in some provinces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2,4-D (Diklorofenoksi Asetik Asit) herbisiti klorlandırılmış fenoksi asit grubuna girmektedir. Halka açık alanlardaki çimlerde ve tarım arazilerinde, yol kenarlarında geniş yapraklı bitkilerle akuatik bitkilerin kontrolünde yaygın tercih edilir. Çok geniş bir yayılım alanı olduğu için insan ve çevre sağlığı açısından tehdit oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada; 2.4-D Diklorofenoksi asetik asit pestisitinin farklı dozlarının (0,35 mg/lt ve 0,70 mg/lt) sazan (Cyprinus carpio) balıklarında 7-14 ve 21. günlerde sub-lethal etkileri hematolojik parametreler [hemoglobin (HGB), hemotokrit (HCT), eritrosit (RBC), lökosit (WBC), trombosit (PLT), ortalama eritrosit hacmi (MCV), eritrosit başına düşen ortalama hemoglobin miktarı (MCH), eritrosit başına düşen ortalama hemoglobin konsantrasyonu (MCHC)] ve yüzme performansı analizleri ile araştırılmıştır. Hematolojik parametrelerden lökosit, trombosit, MCV ve MCHC değerleri için doz, zaman ve doz x zaman interaksiyon etkileri önemli olarak belirlenmiş (p lt;0,05) diğer parametreler için de ana varyasyon kaynakların etkileri önemli bulunmuştur (p lt;0,05). Kritik yüzme hızı sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde ise kontrol ve uygulama grupları arasında değişimlerin olduğu ancak bu değişimlerin önemsiz olduğu belirlenmiştir (p lt;0,05).

Purpose: The goal of this study is to explain the characteristics of COVID-19 in this demographic, as well as the impact it had on pediatric cancer care during the pandemic. Materials and Methods: Fifteen COVID-19 patients diagnosed were studied retrospectively. Clinical, laboratory and radiological data were collected in relation to 15 patients under the age of 18 who tested positive for Sars-CoV-2. Results: Of the 12117 pediatric hemato-oncological patients tested for COVID-19, 1125 patients showed symptoms, and 14 tested positive. The majority of cases suffered minor illnesses. A total of ten children required inpatient care, five needed oxygen support, and four required mechanical ventilation and later died. It was noted that the duration of real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positivity was prolonged in patients receiving intensive chemotherapy and/or immunosuppressive therapy. Patients’ chemotherapy was delayed in all 15 (100%) Sars-CoV-2-positive patients. Although changes visible on chest computed tomography (CT) imaging of children were mainly milder than in adults, radiological findings were more severe in patients who received relatively intensive cancer treatment. Conclusion: Children who have been treated for cancer or who have undergone a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) may be at greater risk of severe COVID-19 and should be under constant observation.

Copyright of Kocatepe Veterinary Journal / Kocatepe Veteriner Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ege University Nursing Faculty (JEUNF) is the property of Journal of Ege University Nursing Faculty (JEUNF) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Recent advances in hematology analyzers have enabled to improve the reliability in the results and also provided additional hematological parameters. In the present study, we aimed to determine the reference ranges for automated erythrocyte and reticulocyte parameters in healthy individuals on Sysmex XN 1000 hematology analyzer.

Copyright of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology is the property of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The goal of this study is to explain the characteristics of COVID-19 in this demographic, as well as the impact it had on pediatric cancer care during the pandemic. Materials and Methods: Fifteen COVID-19 patients diagnosed were studied retrospectively. Clinical, laboratory and radiological data were collected in relation to 15 patients under the age of 18 who tested positive for SarsCoV-2. Results: Of the 12117 pediatric hemato-oncological patients tested for COVID-19, 1125 patients showed symptoms, and 14 tested positive. The majority of cases suffered minor illnesses. A total of ten children required inpatient care, five needed oxygen support, and four required mechanical ventilation and later died. It was noted that the duration of real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positivity was prolonged in patients receiving intensive chemotherapy and/or immunosuppressive therapy. Patients’ chemotherapy was delayed in all 15 (100%) Sars-CoV-2-positive patients. Although changes visible on chest computed tomography (CT) imaging of children were mainly milder than in adults, radiological findings were more severe in patients who received relatively intensive cancer treatment. Conclusion: Children who have been treated for cancer or who have undergone a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) may be at greater risk of severe COVID-19 and should be under constant observation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was aimed to determine the effect of age and gender on physiological variations in some hematological parameters and erythrocyte osmotic fragility in Kangal Shepherd dogs. A total of 32 clinically healthy Kangal Shepherd dogs were taken into the study and divided into 4 groups in equal numbers (Adult male = 8, Adult female = 8, Senior male = 8, Senior female = 8). Blood samples from the cephalic vein were taken into vacuum tubes containing EDTA by the technique and values of erythrocyte osmotic fragility and complete blood count were determined. The main effect of age and gender with age x gender interaction has no significant effect on hematological parameters (P>0.05). The main effect of age and age x gender interaction of erythrocyte osmotic fragility was statistically significant and higher in the senior females at 0.7% and 0.9% (in addition gender) NaCl concentrations compared to the other groups (P<0.05). However, there was no statistical difference between the adult female and adult male and senior male group at 0.7% and 0.9% NaCl concentrations (P>0.05). The findings may be useful for veterinary clinical practice in establishing Kangal shepherd breed-specific reference ranges for some important hematological parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Öz: Çalışmanın amacı sepsisli neonatal buzağılarda hematolojik ve biyokimyasal değişimlerin araştırılmasıdır. Çalışmada, 20 adet sepsisli ve klinik olarak sağlıklı 10 adet neonatal buzağı kullanıldı. Bütün buzağıların rutin klinik muayenesi yapıldı ve monitörize edilerek sistolik kan basıncı (SKB), diyastolik kan basıncı (DKB) ve ortalama arteriyel kan basıncı (MAP) belirlendi. Ayrıca tüm hayvanların pulse oksimetre ile oksijen satürasyonları (SpO2) ölçüldü. Çalışmada yer alan tüm buzağıların hematolojik ve biyokimyasal analizleri yapıldı. Çalışmada sepsisli buzağıların vücut ısısı (p

Introduction: Mucormycosis is an aggressive-progressive invasive fungal infection caused by mold fungi in the division of mucorales of the zygomycetes class with high mortality, and is the most common fungal infection in patients with hematologic malignancies. Methods: This study retrospectively evaluated patients with mucormycosis diagnosis between January 2015 and December 2019, including demographic features, hematologic diseases and comorbidities, radiological evaluations, symptoms and signs, treatments, and outcomes. Results: Maxillofacial 9/19 (47.37%) of patients and 10/19 (59.9%) rhinoorbital mucor. Hematologic malignancy was observed in 15 (78.95%) patients, whereas others had additional pre-disposing factors, such as diabetes mellitus and chronic renal failure. The most common find-ings were persistent fever, mucopurulent nasal flux, and periorbital edema. Endoscopic sinus surgery + medication was administered in 12/19 (62.2%) patients and antifungal therapy in 7/19 (37.8%). In addition, 15/19 (79.95%) patients died and 4/19 recovered with sequela. Conclusion: The first large-scale mucormycosis study from our country will guide in determining the treatment algorithm. Effective and early surgery and antifungal application reduce mortality in mucormycosis by early diagnosis and multidisciplinary approach, without bone destruction in the paranasal sinus computed tomography with recurrent fever and earlystage sinusitis finding by performing a biopsy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Animal Production / Hayvansal Üretim is the property of Hayvansal Uretim (Journal of Animal Production) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The decrease in erythrocyte size of animals live at high altitudes yields an evolutionary advantage to survive by providing adaptation to colder temperatures and low partial oxygen pressures. We examined the effect of geographical changes on the erythrocyte morphology of two terrapins, Emys orbicularis and Mauremys rivulata, and analyzed whether such erythrocyte characteristics as size and volume changed at high altitudes and different temperatures. We found out that the erythrocyte characteristics varied both within and between the populations. They varied depending on altitude for E. orbicularis and on temperature for M. rivulata. However, the erythrocyte characteristics were not correlated with the environmental parameters, except between sunshine duration and erythrocyte length, size, and nucleus volume for E. orbicularis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Firat Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Veteriner Dergisi is the property of Firat Universitesiu, Saglik Bilimleri Enstitusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Yapılan çalışmada, tarçın yağının yavru alabalık (Oncorhynchus mykiss) yemlerine ilavesinin balıklarda büyüme performansı, yem değerlendirme ve kan parametreleri üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu kapsamda 0 mL/kg (TY0), 1 mL/kg (TY1), 2 mL/kg (TY2), 4 mL/kg (TY4)ve 10 mL/kg (TY10) olmak üzere 5 farklı konsantrasyonda tarçın yağı içeren deneme yemleri hazırlanmıştır. 60 gün sürdürülen çalışmada ağırlıkları (10,68±0,35 g)olan yavru alabalıklar kullanılmış olup deneme 3 tekrarlı olmak üzere 100 L hacimli akvaryumlarda yürütülmüştür. Besleme denemesi neticesinde tarçın yağı içeren yemlerle beslenen grupların kontrol grubuna nazaran büyüme ve yemden yararlanma performanslarının önemli ölçüde arttığı gözlenmiştir. Deneme sonunda alınan kan numunelerinin analizi sonucunda, tarçın yağıyla beslene balıkların eritrosit ve hemoglobim miktarları, hematokrit oranları önemli ölçüde artış göstermiştir. Ayrıca tarçın yağı balıkların serum glikoz, trigliserit ve kolesterol miktarını azaltırken, toplam protein ve albümin miktarını arttırmıştır. Çalışma bulgularına göre alabalık yemlerine 4mL/kg tarçın yağı ilavesinin balıkların büyüme performansı, yem değerlendirme ve sağlık kriterleri olumlu yönde etkilediği gözlenmiştir.

Objective: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a hematological emergency requiring urgent investigations to exclude infection and treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics. Despite frequent blood cultures (BCs) being taking during episodes of FN, in the current literature BC positivity rates remain low in FN. This study aims to determine the BC positivity rate in FN hematology patients and determine the utility of collecting BCs beyond 24 h of commencing broad-spectrum antibiotics. Materials and Methods: BC results between 2014 and 2016 from all FN hematology patients were analyzed. Patient episodes of FN (PEFNs) were defined as a continuous period of FN where the interval between BC samples was a maximum of two days. In total from 2014 to 2016, 379 patients experienced 914 PEFNs and had 4267 BCs collected. Results: Overall BC positivity rates and BC-positive PEFN rates were 8.16% and 13.35%, respectively. Within the first 24 h, the positivity rate of the first BCs was 3.49%, while subsequent BC positivity within the first 24 h was 11.96%. BC positivity rates declined after 24 h to 2.18%. Conclusion: It is likely that BCs beyond 24 h of commencing broadspectrum antibiotics will rarely identify relevant microorganisms. Not collecting BCs after 24 h would likely reduce laboratory test costs, patient discomfort, and iatrogenic anemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study is to evaluate some hematological parameters in healthy Gurcu bucks and female Gurcu goats. The number of studies in this area is very low. In the study, healthy, 2-4 years old, 15 male and 15 female animals were used. From the animals in the study, 10 mL blood samples were taken with the help of holder from vena jugularis and transferred to K3EDTA and gel tubes. Complete blood count was measured in a complete blood count device within 30 minutes. Total leukocyte (WBC) was determined as 11.95 x103/µL in females and 8.18 x103/µL in males. Hemoglobin was measured as an average of 7.32 g/dL in females and 8.75 (g/dL) in males. The total protein concentration was determined as an average of 7.40 g/dL in females, 7.26 g/dL in males and a total average of 7.33 g/dL. In addition, the total average concentrations of creatinine, urea nitrogen, albumin, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and glucose, respectively; 0.66 mg/dL, 25.92 mg/dL, 2.56 g/dL, 8.62 mg/dL, 4.37 mg/dL, 2.77 mEq/L and 47.04 mg/dL. As a result, some blood parameters of healthy Gurcu bucks and does that are traditionally pasture feeding were determined and reference values were obtained with this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study was designed to evaluate genotoxic and toxicopathological effect of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in fresh water fish also known as Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). For the in vitro production of AFB1, Aspergillus flavus spores were grown on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and then rice was used as a substrate. The quantity of AFB1 was found 50ppb/g of rice using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. A total of n=150 Grass carp (42±5 g) were divided into 5 groups (A, B, C, D, E). Group A (kept as a control), while groups B, C, D and E were exposed to 25 ppb, 50 ppb, 75 ppb and 100 ppb AFB1 per kg of diet, respectively, for 49 days. The average weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) of fish was significantly higher in group A (WG-15.35 g and SGR-0.63%) compared to group E (WG-6.55 g and SGR-0.28%). The Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) was significantly (P<0. 05) different between control group and groups D and E. No mortality was notice in any group of fish because of AFB1. However, increasing concentrations of AFB1 significantly lowered the red blood cells (RBC) count, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), white blood cells (WBC) count and lymphocytes as compared to the control group. Additionally, significant increase of aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), glucose, urea and creatinine was determined in AFB1 treated groups by serum biochemistry. Total serum proteins and albumin level was found significantly higher in control group (6.05 and 4.2 g/dL), compared to AFB1 exposed groups including; group B (5.8 and 3.9 g/dL), group C (5.4 and 3.7 g/dL), group D (4.2 and 2.7 g/dL) and group E (3.8 and 2.06 g/dL). The genotoxicity of AFB1 was only recorded in fish of group D and E exhibiting micronuclei frequency percentage of 0.85 and 2.15% respectively. The histopathological study revealed that higher concentrations of AFB1 were causing pathological changes in liver, kidney, intestine and gills tissue. The present study concluded that AFB1 was responsible for reduction in fish production performance, alteration in fish hematological and serum biochemical profiles, structural and functional alteration in tissues and DNA of tissues of fish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Abrus precatorius L. is a famous medicinal plant of the family Fabaceae and is widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments. However, there are limited toxicological data available regarding its safety following repeated exposure; therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the 28-day subchronic toxicity of methanol (70%) crude extract of A. precatorius seeds in adult Wistar albino rats. Materials and Methods: A subchronic toxicity experiment was conducted by oral administration of graded doses (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) of test extract daily for 28 days. Signs of toxicity, food and water consumption, body weight, and gross pathology as well as relative organ weight were evaluated. The toxic effects were also assessed using hematological and biochemical data followed by histopathological examination of various internal organs. All data collected were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni test was used for data interpretation and p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: No deaths or evident toxic signs were found during the experimental period. There were no significant differences in body weight, gross pathology, organ weight, or food and water consumption between the control and the treated groups. There were no treatment-related differences in hematological or biochemical indices. Moreover, no gross abnormalities or histological alterations were observed. Conclusion: The methanol extract of A. precatorius seeds was nontoxic in subchronic intake at the dosages tested. Thus, this study is expected to be beneficial for clinical and traditional applications for safe consumption and to utilize A. precatorius as a remedy at a recommended dosage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of different amount of olive leaf extracts and infusion on some biochemical and haematological parameters of streptozocin-induced experimental diabetic rats. For this purpose, 56 Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 7 groups (n=8). Biochemical and haematological analyses were performed at the end of the 21-day trial. It was observed that HGB, HCT, MCV were positively affected (p<0,05), while RBCs were not statistically significant affected in all OLE-applied groups. In diabetes+OLE- 50 and OLE-100 groups, WBCs significantly decreased compared to the that of control group (p<0,05), while statistically significant change was not observed in the OLE-25 group. The cholesterol values of the diabetes+OLE- 25 group were significantly lower than those of the control group (p<0,05), while the increase in the diabetes+OLE- 100 group was significant at the statistical level (p<0,05). The increase in diabetes+OLE-50 group was not significant. In the diabetes+OLE-25, diabetes+OLE-50 and diabetes+OLE-100 groups, triglyceride decreased significantly (p <0,05) in comparison to diabetic group. In the infused diabetic group, RBC, HGB, HCT, MCV, MPV, PDW and EOS were significantly increased in the positive direction (p <0,05). Infusion was found to have negative effect on triglyceride; LDL, Cl, Na. HDL, Mg and P were found to be affected positively. It was determined that the most effective dose on cholesterol and triglycerides in OLE-administered groups is OLE-25 mg/kg. Infusion was found to have positive effect on HDL, while LDL was affected negatively. On the other hand, the decrease in cholesterol was found to be not statistically significant, while the decrease in triglyceride was significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The aim of this study is to evaluate physical, haematological and biochemical changes in horses after acute exercise in a jereed game. Jereed is a traditional Turkish equestrian team sport. A total of 14 horses were included in this study. All horses were Arabian stallions aged between 4-14 years old. Respiration rate, heart rate, capillary refill time, mucous membrane and skin turgor (as an indicator for dehydration) were measured and blood samples were collected before the exercise (T0), immediately after first period (T1) and second period (T2), after 30 min (T3) and 60 min of recovery time (T4). Blood samples were analyzed for total cell counts and for determination of lactate, glucose, urea, total protein, albumin, globulin, calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, chloride, sodium, potassium, creatinine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phospahatase. All parameters were analyzed using Linear Mixed effect model to evaluate changes of repeated measurements at 5 different time points and LSD was used as post-hoc test. Exercise caused significant increases in heart rate (P<0.001), respiratory rate (P<0.001), capillary refill time (P<0.001), mucous membrane colour (P<0.001), dehydration (P<0.001), red blood cells (P<0.001), hemoglobin (P<0.001), hematocrit (P<0.001), red cell dispersion width (P<0.001), total white blood cells (P<0.001), neutrophils (P<0.001), and basophils (P<0.05). It also caused significant increases in lactate (P<0.01), glucose (P<0.001), urea (P<0.001), total protein (P<0.001), albumin (P<0.001), globulin (P<0.001), sodium (P<0.001), potassium (P<0.001), creatinine kinase (P<0.05), lactate dehydrogenase (P<0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (P<0.001) and alkaline phosphatase (P<0.001) but a decrease in calcium (P<0.01), magnesium (P<0.01), phosphorous (P<0.05), and chloride (P<0.001). Although majority did not return to the baseline 30 or 60 minutes after competition (P<0.05) most were within or near to the reference range values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prof. Dr. Süreyya Tahsin Aygün has a story of dedication, success and professional loneliness.. Although he was found as odd and not being understood by medical authorities due to the inadequacy in medical technology and poor opportunities in medicine those days; the great importance of his scientific work has been started to be understood during the last few decades. As the Turkish Medical Society we cannot thank and be proud of him enough. Because he is the first scientist in the world who has started both practical and clinical research on stem cell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study was aimed to compare the some hematological and biochemical parameters of Karakul and Norduz sheep breeds healthy, at the same age, care and feeding conditions. Fifteen sheep from each of group, totally 30, were included to the study. It determined the whole hematological parameters such as blood red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), mean red blood cell volume (MCV), mean red blood cell hemoglobin (MCH), mean red blood cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red blood cell distribution density (RDWC)), counts of lymphocyte (LYM), monocyte (MON), granulocyte (GRN), percents of lymphocyte (LY), monocyte (MO), granulocyte (GR), platelet count (PLT), platelet count (PCT) MPV), platelet distribution frequency (PDWC) by a blood count device; biochemical parameters such as albumin phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), total protein (TP) albumin (A), globulin (G) total bilirubin (TB) indirect bilirubin, creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), urea, uric acid (UA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and amylase by autoanalyser. HCT (p<0.001), MCV (p<0.001) and MCH (p<0.001), CK (p<0.05) and amylase (p<0.001) were higher in Karakul sheep, LYM (p<0.05), RDWC (p<0.001), PLT (p<0.001), PCT (p<0.001), TP (p<0.05) and IB (p<0.001) were higher in Norduz sheep. The changes in other parameters were no significant. As a result, differences in some haematological and biochemical parameters of Karakul and Norduz sheep breeds may be breed characteristic of them. We believe that these data may be a reference to the veterinarians in the early diagnosis and treatment, prognosis of diseases of this sheep breeds and to be carried out in the researches on these breeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iron and protein deficiency in food may be a reason for hyposideremia as well as lack of vitamin C and steatore, due to in iron absorption mechanism disorders. Hyposideremia may be detected in hepatic failure, nephrotic syndrome, uremia, exudative enteropathy, congenital atransferrinemia and malignant hypocidemia. In the present study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of blood iron level on some biochemical and haematological parameters and liver histology in Hairy goat crossbred fed with standard feed. On the basis of serum iron levels before slaughtering, blood samples were taken from normal iron level of 10 and low iron level of 17 male hairy goat crossbred from vena jugularis and iron (Fe), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit were analyzed. For histological examination, liver tissue samples were kept in 10% formalin solution from control and experimental group animals during slaughtering. In liver sections; to determine overall status the Crossman's triple, to identify glycogen PAS, to determine ferritin presence the Perl's technique were used. With of the blood analyzes in control and experimental groups Fe levels 210.24±5.13 and 127±4.16 µg/dL, ALT activity 31.17±0.38 and 20.71±0.54 U/L, GGT activity 54.03±0.87 and 49.59±2.23 U/L, AST activity was 63.46±2.67 and 69.29±2.04 U/L, red blood cell numbers 8.06±0.64 and 6.50±1.13 (x106/µl), hemoglobin levels 10.95±0.43 and 7.15±0.80 g/dl and hematocrit levels 32.57±3.02 and 30.43±2.04 were found, respectively. On histological investigation in liver tissue in group with iron deficiency; it has been revealed that hepatocytes lost glycogen, ferritin storages decreases, and the structure of remark cords deteriorate. It was concluded that the low level of Fe in Hairy goat crossbred may be due to a possible nutritional insufficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]