Search

Background: A single, 200-mg iron injection for newborn pigs is a common practice in swine production. It is required to provide sufficient iron for newborn pigs while avoiding the potential risk of excessive amount of iron causing oxidative stress. Objective: To evaluate the quantity and timing of a single or second iron injection into suckling piglets on growth performance and hematocrit levels. Methods: A total of 24 piglets from four litters were used in each experiment (3). Treatments were: Experiment 1- 1) Control: 150 mg iron injection at d 1-3 of age, 2) Iron14: additional 100 mg iron injection at 14 d before weaning, and 3) Iron7: additional 100 mg iron injection at 7 d before weaning; Experiment 2- 1) Control: 100 mg iron injection at d 1-3 of age, 2) Iron100/100: 100 mg iron at d 1-3 of age and 9 d after the first injection, and 3) Iron200: 200 mg iron injection at d 1-3 of age; and Experiment 3 (at d 3-4 of age)- 1) Fe100: 100 mg iron injection, 2) Fe200: 200 mg iron injection, and 3) BW200: 125 mg iron injection/kg body weight. Pigs were weaned at d 25-28 of age. Growth performance and hematocrit levels were measured until d 13-14 postweaning. Results: In Experiment 1, the Iron14 treatment had a greater final body weight than the control treatment (p=0.07). Hematocrit levels were greater in the Iron14 (p=0.10) and Iron7 (p<0.05) treatments than in the control treatment at d 14 postweaning. In Experiment 2, average daily gain in the postweaning period was greater in the Iron100/100 treatment than in the control (p<0.05) and Iron200 (p=0.08) treatments. Hematocrit levels in the Iron200 treatment were greater than those in the control treatment (p<0.05) at d 13 postweaning. In Experiment 3, there was no difference in growth performance, but the BW200 treatment increased hematocrit levels to a greater degree than the Fe200 treatment (p<0.10). Conclusion: An additional iron injection earlier and a split iron injection to newborn pigs could benefit postweaning growth, but not by body weight-based iron injection. Hematocrit levels increase with a greater dose of iron injected although the magnitude varies depending on injection strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This trial evaluated the production performance, gastrointestinal nematode infection (GIN), and selected blood analytes, in Corriedale lambs during the finishing phase in an integrated crop-livestock system (ICLS) with 2 stocking rates. Fifty-two Corriedale lambs were divided into 4 groups: a semi confinement system with a low stocking rate (T1) for 70 days; a semi confinement system with a high stocking rate (T2) for 70 days; confinement for 28 days, followed by semi confinement with a low stocking rate (T3) for 42 days; and confinement for 28 days, followed by semi confinement with a high stocking rate (T4) for 42 days. Body weight, dry matter intake, blood collection, and faecal analysis of nematode eggs were performed for each animal. The stocking rates did not influence body weight gain for the semiconfined lambs (T1 and T2) or for the confined/semiconfined lambs (T3 and T4). All treatments had lower EPG counts at the end of the experimental period. The nematode genera identified during the experiment trial were Haemonchus and Trichostrongylus. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) for packed cell volume, total plasma protein, and eosinophil means between treatments. These results suggested that the confinement followed by semi confinement in an ICLS, was an option for lamb production during the finishing phase which could be useful in reducing GIN without affecting the production performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo. Determinar si las hembras ovinas Blackbelly son afectadas por el estrés calórico (EC) durante el verano en un clima tropical. Materiales y métodos. En el experimento, 21 hembras ovinas fueron divididas en dos tratamientos (T1=7 corderas y T2=14 ovejas multíparas) para evaluar el efecto del EC a través del índice de temperatura y humedad (ITH), variables fisiológicas y hematológicas. Resultados. En el experimento se encontró un ITH de entre 77 y 88 U. Asimismo, la frecuencia respiratoria (FR) fue mayor en el T2 por la tarde (117 rpm) que por la mañana (114 rpm) (p

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Using portable blood glucose meters (PBGMs) to measure blood glucose (BG) concentration is a common procedure in veterinary practice. Our objective was to evaluate the analytical and clinical accuracy of a human PBGM (Accu-Chek Performa®), (AC) and a veterinary PBGM (GlucoCalea®), (GC) in feline patients. Central venous blood samples were collected from 48 cats at a Brazilian Veterinary teaching hospital. Two devices from each model were used and compared to a reference method (RM). Analytical accuracy was assessed according to ISO 15197:2013 requirements for human PBGMs. Data were compared using Wilcoxon's nonparametric test and represented by Bland-Altman plots. Hematocrit's effect on BG measurements was evaluated by the Spearman correlation coefficient. Clinical accuracy was determined using error grid analysis (EGA). Values of BG were significantly higher in all PBGMs compared to the RM. Although ISO's analytical accuracy requirements could not be met by any of the devices, AC meters were more accurate than GC meters. All AC measurements - but not GC ones - were within zones A and B of the EGA, meeting ISO requirements for clinical accuracy. Significant hematocrit interference was observed in all devices. Therefore, AC showed greater accuracy compared to GC using feline whole blood samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar los valores de hematocrito y temperatura corporal en bovinos positivos y negativos a Babesia spp de dos establecimientos ganaderos. Fueron evaluados 79 animales de la especie bovina, sin distinción de sexo y raza, mayores a 2 años de edad; de los cuales 24 presentaron un diagnóstico positivo a Babesia spp por el método de frotis sanguíneo y tinción con Giemsa y 55 presentaron un diagnóstico negativo. Para ello se obtuvieron muestras de sangre, que fueron remitidas refrigeradas en tubos estériles con anticoagulante ácido etilendiaminotetraacético (EDTA) para la observación de los hemoparásitos y cuantificación del valor hematocrito al laboratorio de Parasitología de la Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Obteniéndose los siguientes resultados: las medias del hematocrito se encontraron dentro del intervalo de referencia tanto en positivos como en negativos, no habiendo diferencias significativas al comparar ambos grupos (p= 0,27), resultando el valor hematocrito mayor en positivos que en negativos. Por su parte, las medias de la temperatura se encontraron sobre el intervalo de referencia tanto en positivos como en negativos, habiendo diferencias significativas al comparar ambos grupos (p= 0,04), resultando la temperatura mayor en negativos que en positivos.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients who required at least one red blood cell transfusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective descriptive study was performed on patients who required at least one red blood cell transfusion at the Santa Fe Hospital in Antioquia, Colombia, during the period 2019-2020. Nonprobabilistic sampling of consecutive cases was performed. Univariate analysis was performed through absolute and relative frequencies (percentages and proportions). Average and standard deviation, median and interquartile ranges were used. RESULTS: Eighty-nine patients were included in which the female sex predominated with 78.7%, with an average age of 42 years. The main service in which red blood cells were transfused was hospitalization with 57.3%. The most relevant pathological history was anemia with 31.5%. As for the cause of red blood cell requirement, the two main ones were chronic disease (n = 52, 58.4%) and intraoperative bleeding (n = 30, 33.7%). The values of hemoglobin and hematocrit pre and postransfusion were 6.5 and 8.1 g/dL, that is, 20.8 and 24.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Transfusion was able to show an improvement in hemoglobin and hematocrit values, thus confirming the great benefit for patients. Considering the variables exposed in this study helps to estimate in advance the benefit and safety of this procedure in the hospital setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the degree of hemoglobin correlation as a possible predictor of hematocrit and red blood cell count according to age and sex in a population of the district of Villa El Salvador, Lima, Peru. Materials and methods: An observational, analytical, correlational and prospective study carried out with 550 men and 700 women of all ages who attended monthly preventive-promotional health campaigns, as well as routine medical consultations, from January 2021 to June 2022. Collected data consisted of hematocrit, red blood cells and hemoglobin counts. The Spearman's correlation coefficient was used. Results: There was a higher prevalence of anemia in the group of women older than 11 years (35.10 %), while hemoglobin levels in most children younger than 11 years were mainly normal. High and positive correlations between hemoglobin and hematocrit close to one were found in all age groups and both sexes. In addition, moderate and positive correlations were found in female infants and girls (Rho = 0.525), female adolescents (Rho = 624), as well as male infants and boys (Rho = 0.597). Conclusions: Hemoglobin levels are highly and positively correlated with hematocrit. Simultaneous hemoglobin and hematocrit testing may be clinically and economically unnecessary in screening and preventive-promotional campaigns on anemia conducted in large population groups. Likewise, hemoglobin correlates moderately and positively with red blood cell in children of both sexes and female adolescents. Further research is needed to deepen the reasons why correlation varies in these groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O uso indiscriminado de antiparasitários no manejo preventivo e tratamento tem levado propriedades ao problema da resistência, com elevadas perdas, por isso, este estudo avaliou testes diagnósticos para verificação da resistência farmacológica; visando, posteriormente, o tratamento seletivo em animais susceptíveis clinicamente e/ou com alta carga parasitária. Foram utilizados 45 ovinos mestiços, machos e fêmeas, adultos e filhotes, de uma fazenda em Uberaba, Minas Gerais. Todos os animais foram submetidos ao manejo zootécnico apropriado seguidos com realização de testes diagnóstico Famacha, hematócrito e contagem de ovos por gramas de fezes (OPG). Posteriormente foi realizado tratamento de todos os animais com doramectina e repetição dos mesmos testes diagnósticos, comparando o mesmo animal antes a após o tratamento pelo teste T pareado. Não foi verificado resistência a doramectina nos adultos (P > 0,05); entretanto, foi verificado resistência em filhotes (P < 0,05). Estes, foram posteriormente tratados com levamisol e repetido novamente os testes diagnósticos, observando a redução da carga parasitária, aumento do hematócrito e melhores índices Famacha (ANOVA P < 0,05). Adultos não foram tratados com levamisol. A regressão linear entre o método Famacha e hematócrito avaliou o grau de treinamentos dos manipuladores, com maiores dificuldades em animais jovens. O monitoramento contínuo dos animais pelos métodos diagnósticos permitiu a identificação de resistência a doramectina e que o tratamento farmacológico subsequente ocorresse de forma seletiva, somente em animais com sinais clínicos e/ou elevada carga parasitária, minimizando custo e a possibilidade de resistência medicamentosa.

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: El virus del dengue (DENV) ha frecuentado nuestro planeta más de tres siglos. La picadura del mosquito Aedes aegypti causa el DENV en humanos. Objetivo: Caracterizar la presencia de la plaquetopenia, leucopenia y aumento del hematocrito con la evolución y gravedad de los pacientes con diagnóstico de Dengue en el Hospital Univalle. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, longitudinal y analítico del 2017 al 2020. Resultados: Se identificaron 235 pacientes, 83% en la gestión 2020; el 65% al grupo etareo entre 19 a 45 años; el sexo masculino con 54%. El 80% provienen de Cercado-Cochabamba, de estos más del 95% de la zona sud. La prueba más usada fue la detección de la proteína NS1Ag con 71%; 56% de los pacientes se hospitalizaron; más del 50% presentaron sintomatología entre el 2do y 5to día; dentro la clasificación del dengue el 75% perteneció a dengue sin signos de alarma (p= 45%) y represento mayor tiempo de hospitalización (> de 5 días) con un valor de p=0,023. Conclusiones: Es importante utilizar la plaquetopenia, leucopenia y el aumento del hematocrito como biomarcadores de severidad clínica y estancia hospitalaria, asociados a un diagnóstico precoz, empleando la sintomatología y pruebas rápidas disponibles.

Dogs can be affected by several species of the genus Babesia causing important diseases in different regions of the world. Among these species are Babesia canis, B. vogeli, B. rossi, B. gibsoni, and B. vulves. The aim of this study was to detect the presence of Babesia spp. in stray dogs from Havana province. Sixty dogs were studied and subjected to haematological examination, blood smear and PCR, which amplified 18S rRNA. Three animals (5 %) showed hematocrit values higher than reference values while 23 (38.3 %) showed lower hematocrit values, indicating the presence of an anemic syndrome in those dogs. According to the leukogram analysis, five dogs (8.3 %) had leukocytosis and 7 (11.6 %) had leukopenia. Thirty-one animals were infested with Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato ticks and 10 were co-infested with Rhipicepahalus microplus ticks. Twenty percent of the samples tested positive by PCR, while microscopic examination revealed Babesia spp. merozoites in only 13.3 % of the samples. A relationship was observed between PCR-positive animals and the decrease in hematocrit value. There was no association between the presence of ticks and sex in animals positive to Babesia spp. The present study demonstrates the presence of Babesia spp. in stray dogs from Havana province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rainfall regime, the amount and timing of annual precipitation, can influence the breeding phenology, individual fitness, and population dynamics of tropical birds. In Neotropical regions with rainfall seasonality (i.e. wet and dry seasons), the warm phase of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can exacerbate seasonal drought and negatively impact avian survival and reproduction. However, the mechanisms underlying associations between seasonal drought conditions and avian demography are largely unexplored. One hypothesis is that nutritional condition mediates demographic responses to seasonal drought: individuals in poor condition may be less capable of balancing their energy budgets and consequently suffer reduced survival, lower reproductive output, or both. We estimated nutritional condition (i.e. scaled mass index, percent hematocrit, plasma lipid metabolites) as a proxy of energy balance in understory forest birds with contrasting population-level responses to dry season length. This study took place across two dry seasons of differing intensity in central Panama: an El Niño dry season (2016, severe drought) and a more typical dry season (2017). Scaled mass index remained relatively constant throughout both dry seasons and across years for 5 common focal species and among 4 foraging guilds (22 additional species, 27 species total). Three of 5 focal species did exhibit reduced nutritional condition (i.e. lower hematocrit and/or higher β-hydroxybutyrate) during the El Niño dry season but not during the more typical dry season. However, foraging guilds did not show consistent nutritional responses to seasonal drought and we found little evidence of the reduced nutritional condition at the guild level, suggesting that many Neotropical forest bird species are capable of tolerating seasonal drought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A coccidiose é uma das principais enfermidades do trato gastrointestinal dos ruminantes, manifestada por alterações sutis como redução de ganho de peso até quadros de diarreia aquosaà sanguinolenta. Na sua forma clínica, ocomprometimento damucosa intestinal prejudica a absorção de nutrientes provindos da dieta, culminando em atrasos na recuperação clínica dos animais. Desta maneira o presente trabalho pretendeu avaliar a eficácia de dois tratamentos na recuperação clínica da coccidiose em bezerros leiteiros em fase de crescimento por meio de avaliação de hematócrito, proteína e fibrinogênio plasmático, leucograma, contagem de ovos por gramas de fezes, inspeção visual do pelame e incidência de diarreia. Para tanto, sete bezerros da raça Jersey entre 2 a 6 meses de idade, com coccidiose foram divididos em dois grupos conforme o tratamento. O grupo antibiótico mais catofós (C), com quatro bezerros, foi tratado com sulfametoxazol + trimetoprim e com o imunoestimulante butafosfan+ vitamina B12 (Catofós®), ambos em dose única, e o grupo antibiótico (A), com três bezerros, foi tratado apenas com sulfametoxazol + trimetoprim em dose única. Observou-se que ambos os tratamentos empregados foram eficazes no combate da enfermidade, reduzindo a sintomatologia da doença, melhorando o pelame dos animais e negativando o exame coproparasitológico. Embora os parâmetros de leucograma, fibrinogênio e proteína plasmática não tenham alterado com os tratamentos, o grupo tratado com antibiótico mais catofós teve um aumento significativo no hematócrito, permitindo comprovar a eficiência de ambos os fármacos.

El comportamiento y características de la sangre en el sistema circulatorio han generado diversos modelos que pueden ser aplicados para el análisis del flujo sanguíneo, entre los que se incluyen modelos newtonianos y no newtonianos. En esta revisión se presentan once modelos propuestos a partir de parámetros experimentales que incluyen estudios de viscosidad con diferentes velocidades de cizallamiento y densidad asociada a la dinámica de fluidos. Se caracterizaron de acuerdo con métodos, parámetros específicos y valores experimentales utilizados; además, se comparó la eficacia, certeza y precisión de los modelos utilizados.

Dengue virus (DENV) has haunted our planet for more than three centuries. The Aedes aegypti bite causes DENV. Clinical and laboratory diagnosis are important for the management of dengue. Objective: to characterize the presence of plaquetopenia, leukopenia and increased hematocrit with the evolution and severity of patients with Dengue, Hospital Univalle. Material and methods: retrospective, longitudinal and analytical study, 2017 to 2020. Results: 235 patients were identified, 83% in 2020; 65% between 19 to 45 years old; the male sex with 54%. 80% come from Cercado-Cochabamba, of these more than 95% from the southern area. The test with the detection of the NS1Ag protein (AccuBio Tech Co, Ltd.) was used in 71%; 56% were hospitalized; more than 50% presented symptoms between the 2nd and 5th day; Within the dengue classification, 75% belonged to dengue without warning signs (p = <0,01). Fever (p = 0,001), associated with symptoms of alarm such as abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, and bleeding (p = <0,05) were frequent. Leukopenia <5 000 / mm3 was common in women with warning signs, in contrast to men; thrombocytopenia in patients with warning signs and in men; hematocrit> 45% in men and represented more than 5 days of hospitalization (p = 0,023). Conclusions: Plaquetopenia, leukopenia and increased hematocrit are biomarkers of clinical severity, hospital stay, associated with an early diagnosis, using the symptoms and rapid tests available; finally, consider the presence of autochthonous patients from the southern area of Cochabamba, Cercado. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plasma levels of hematocrit, total plasma protein, fibrinogen, creatine phosphokinase, aspartate transferase, and lactate were analyzed in blood samples of 85 Crioula breed foals, from birth to two years of age. The animals were divided into age groups: G1 (up to 15 days of age; n=70), G2 (from 16 days to one month of age; n=67), G3 (between one and three months of age; n=75), G4 (between three and six months of age; n=64), G5 (between six and nine months of age; n=59), G6 (between nine and 18 months of age; n=39), and G7 (between 18 months and two years of age; n=17). These groups were statistically analyzed by one-way variance analysis (ANOVA) and Tukey's test. Male and female means were compared by Student's t-test. Hematocrit levels were significantly higher up to 90 days of age and in G7 females. Total plasma proteins increased significantly in groups 3, 4, 6, and 7. The highest fibrinogen levels were found in G1. Yet for creatine phosphokinase, the highest concentrations were detected in G5, whereas those of aspartate aminotransferase in G7. The levels of this enzyme remained similar from 30 days to two years of age. Lactate concentrations were higher in G3. We concluded that the sex of the animal had no significant effect on laboratory test interpretations. By contrast, the age of the animal should be considered since relevant variations were observed with time. Nevertheless, specific tables for each analysis should be consulted for interpretation of results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

O parasitismo gastrointestinal é responsável por grande parte das perdas observadas em criações de ovinos, provocando inúmeros impactos sobre a produção. Diante disso a necessidade do controle destes parasitas dentro de um rebanho torna-se crucial para o sucesso do sistema de criação. O método FAMACHA® é uma alternativa para o controle das principais parasitoses que acometem os ovinos, desde que acompanhado de outros exames quantitativos como a técnica de contagem de ovos por gramas de fezes e o cultivo de larvas (coprocultura). Sendo assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a utilização do método FAMACHA® no controle de helmintos em ovinos naturalmente infectados no campo nativo. A infestação parasitária foi monitorada em intervalos de 21 dias, através do método de contagem de ovos por gramas de fezes e cultivo de larvas para a identificação dos parasitas encontrados no rebanho. Os animais também foram submetidos a avaliação do grau de anemia pelo método FAMACHA® e, para sua validação, realizado o hematócrito e a verificação do volume globular (VG) (%). Referente a carga parasitária, os ovinos apresentaram contagem de ovos por gramas de fezes, média para a primavera e verão de 949 e 1080 respectivamente. A partir do cultivo de larvas foi possível verificar a ocorrência durante a primavera de 73,25% do gênero Haemonchus spp., seguido por 22,25% de Trichostronylus spp. Com menor ocorrência foram identificados nematódeos dos gêneros Strogyloides spp., Bonostomum spp., Oesophagostomum spp. e Ostertagia spp.. Após a realização do método FAMACHA®, verificou-se valores médios para primavera e verão de 1,80 e 2,83, respectivamente. Quando realizado o hematócrito, foi possível verificar que o VG obtido no início do experimento (verão) e término (primavera) manteve-se o mesmo (34%), correspondendo a escala 1 (um) do FAMACHA®. O método FAMACHA® pode ser utilizado como ferramenta para diagnóstico parasitológico em pequenos ruminantes. Também, destaca-se que outras técnicas sejam utilizadas concomitantemente para obtenção de um resultado mais apurado, a fim de melhorar a eficiência sobre o controle sanitário do rebanho

El presente identifica el grado de influencia de la dieta vegetariana y carnívora en relación con la hemoglobina y hematocrito de los estudiantes de medicina humana de la Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, 2018. El problema planteado es descubrir si las personas con dieta vegetariana y carnívora presentan deficiencia de hematocrito y hemoglobina. En relación a las personas que llevan una dieta vegetariana, 23 participantes practican diferentes tipos de vegetarianismo. Se consideraron los siguientes rangos, hemoglobina (12 - 16 g/dl) y hematocrito (36-48 %). Se concluye que, en relación a dieta y hemoglobina/hematocrito, la mayoría de los encuestados están en los rangos normales de dichas variables y que las personas que mantienen una dieta vegetariana no presentan un alto grado de deficiencia en los niveles de hematocrito y hemoglobina, y presentan un mejor nivel nutricional que los de dieta carnívora.

Objetivo. La aproximación al diagnóstico de sangrado agudo (SA) manifestado con síntomas inespecíficos, utilizando el hematocrito como laboratorio de apoyo es un reto en la Sala de Emergencias (SE). Se compararon las capacidades operativas del hematocrito y radio plaqueta/hematocrito (PLHER) para discriminar pacientes con SA. Métodos. Con un diseño de precisión diagnóstica, se compararon pacientes con y sin SA atendidos en la SE de la Clínica del Occidente S.A. durante el 2017. El espectro de enfermedad (EDx) incluyó controles negativos[grupo_0], población general con o sin trauma ortopédico cerrado[grupos_1-2], pacientes con trauma ortopédico cerrado [grupo_3], con SA ginecológico [grupo_4], SA gastrointestinal [grupo_5] y controles positivos [grupos_6-7]. Se compararon las capacidades operativas del PLHER y hematocrito para discriminar pacientes con SA. Resultados. 655 pacientes fueron seleccionados, principalmente hombres. No hubo diferencias entre las medianas de hematocrito del grupo_0 con los grupos 1-2; comparado con el grupo 0, la mediana del PLHER fue mayor en todos los grupos del EDx. (p:

Color aberration in birds is a common biological phenomenon relative to other vertebrates. To date, a large number of avian species with abnormally colored individuals have been documented. Although evidence has shown that color aberration may co-vary with morphological and physiological traits, little information is available on the variations of morphological and physiological traits of free-living aberrantly colored birds. Here we report a case of a free-living female Eurasian Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus) with bleached bill but normally pigmented plumage. We further compare the differences in 5 morphological indices including body mass, body condition index (BCI), length of the bill, tarsus, and wing, and 14 physiological indices including core temperature, hematocrit (Hct), baseline plasma glucose (GLU), total protein (TP), uric acid (UA), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), free fatty acid (FFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and creatinine (CREA) between the aberrant individual and other normal birds. Our results show that the aberrant sparrow has significantly shorter tarsi, longer wings, and higher core temperature, lower levels of plasma TP, UA, LDL-C, ALP, and CREA than normal sparrows, while no significant differences were noted in other morphological and physiological indices between the 2 phenotypes. Our results indicate that bill-color aberration in the Eurasian Tree Sparrow may be associated with a few morphological and physiological alterations, especially in terms of thermoregulation and protein metabolism. However, these alterations do not result in dramatic changes in body condition, other plasma metabolites, or enzyme activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Cuarzo (REC) is the property of Fundacion Universitaria Juan N. Corpas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

O ciclismo indoor é realizado em bicicletas específicas, onde as capacidades físicas, resistência e velocidade, são evidenciadas.O objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar alterações na massa corporal, no hematócrito e no volume urinário, em sete indivíduos do gênero masculino, praticantes de ciclismo indoor, antes (pré-teste) e depois (pós-teste) de serem submetidos a três situações distintas, cada qual separada por um intervalo de 48h: ingestão de 400ml de solução carboidratada eletrolítica a 6% (SE), 400ml de água (AG) e sem ingestão de líquidos (SH), durante uma aula de ciclismo indoor (50min), verificando as diferenças estatísticas entre esses grupos. Os testes foram aplicados em um ambiente com temperatura média de 25oC e umidade relativa do ar média de 85%. O exercício físico foi realizado em um cicloergômetro, no qual o padrão de movimento constou de 50 minutos de exercício, a 85% da freqüência cardíaca máxima, com intervalos de um minuto de recuperação ativa a cada 20 minutos, com intensidade e duração do exercício idêntico às utilizadas em aulas de ciclismo indoor. Os resultados indicaram perdas de massa corporal, alterações no hematócrito, assim como variações no volume urinário, respectivamente, de 1,47kg(SE), 1,50kg(AG) e 1,31kg(SH), 1,97%(SE), 1,48%(AG) e 2,27%(SH) e 48,57ml(SE), 40ml(AG) e 40,71ml(SH) para as três situações estudadas. Foramencontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas, entre o pré-teste e o pós-teste, para cada situação investigada e, entre as situações investigadas, (SE), (AG) e (SH), não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas com p ≤ 0,05.

Resumo: O controle das endoparasitoses gastrintestinais em pequenos ruminantes tem sido tradicionalmente realizado por meio do uso indiscriminado dos anti-helmínticos, porém essa prática tem resultado em grande pressão de seleção de parasitas resistentes. Métodos seletivos (ex: FAMACHA/FMC e contagem de ovos nas fezes/OPG) e que apresentem boa sensibilidade para identificar os animais que necessitam receber o tratamento químico são importantes alternativas aos métodos tradicionais. O objetivo desse trabalho foi determinar a sensibilidade e a especificidade do método FMC, usado para detectar anemia causada por Haemonchus contortus em ovinos da raça Suffolk, em duas categorias de alta suscetibilidade; cordeiros lactentes e ovelhas durante a fase de lactação. A conjuntiva ocular de 42 cordeiros lactentes e 35 ovelhas em lactação foi avaliada usando o método FMC, em intervalos de 14 dias, durante cinco meses. O hematócrito (Ht) foi utilizado como padrão-ouro para avaliação clínica de anemia dos animais. Para o cálculo de sensibilidade e especificidade, diferentes critérios foram utilizados: animais classificados como 4 e 5 ou 3, 4 e 5 e anêmicos pelo Ht (teste positivo); animais classificados como 1, 2 e 3 ou 1 e 2 e não anêmicos pelo Ht (teste negativo). Três valores de corte para Ht (≤22%, ≤19% ou ≤15%) foram utilizados para confirmar a anemia. Entre os gêneros observados nas coproculturas, H. contortus (61,5%) e Ostertagiasp (21,3%) foram os mais prevalentes. Em ambas as categorias, a inclusão do FMC 3 como teste positivo, elevou a sensibilidade mas reduziu a especificidade do método. Quando o FMC 3 foi considerado anêmico, o percentual de falsos negativos foi próximo a zero, no entanto, houve aumento no número de tratamentos aplicados em animais não anêmicos (falso positivo). Durante as avaliações, a maior parte dos cordeiros (73%) e das ovelhas (53%) permaneceu nas categorias de FMC 1 e 2. Apenas 5% dos cordeiros e 8% das ovelhas foram classificados com os dois maiores graus de anemia (FMC 4 e 5). Os resultados indicam que o FMC pode ser utilizado para identificar os cordeiros lactentes e ovelhas em fase de lactação com sinais clínicos de anemia decorrentes da infecção por H. contortus. Para ambas as categorias, foi necessário incluir o FMC 3 como positivo para aumentar a sensibilidade do método; reduzindo o risco de morte de animais anêmicos não diagnosticados (falsos negativos).

Copyright of Revista Acadêmica: Ciência Animal is the property of Revista Academica: Ciencia Animal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumo Justificativa e objetivos O propofol é comumente usado como agente hipnótico na terapia eletroconvulsiva, mas apresenta também propriedades anticonvulsivantes. O objetivo principal foi avaliar o efeito da dose de propofol ajustada ao peso na duração da convulsão elétrica. Os objetivos secundários foram avaliar o efeito da dose total de propofol na duração da convulsão elétrica, o efeito da dose tanto total quanto ajustada ao peso nos valores do índice bispectral e a influência da bioquímica do sangue no efeito anticonvulsivante. Métodos Após aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, foi feita uma revisão retrospectiva dos prontuários de todos os pacientes que fizeram pelo menos uma sessão de eletroconvulsoterapia. Análise de regressão linear múltipla ajustada para potenciais confundidores foi feita para explorar o efeito da dosagem de propofol sobre os valores do índice bispectral e a duração da convulsão; análises de correlação bivariada foram previamente feitas para identificar as variáveis que atendem aos critérios de confusão, especificamente valores de r de Spearman > 0,10. Os resultados da análise de regressão foram expressos como coeficiente B com intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultados Setenta e seis pacientes receberam 631 sessões de fase aguda. Propofol mostrou um efeito negativo estatisticamente significativo sobre a duração da convulsão (especificamente uma redução de 4,081 segundos para cada mg.kg−1 de propofol; IC de 95%: ‐7906 para ‐0,255, p = 0,037), mas não para os valores do índice bispectral. Anemia leve e hipoalbuminemia foram condições muito raras e o efeito anticonvulsivante não foi influenciado por esses parâmetros. Conclusões A dose de propofol ajustada ao peso está negativamente relacionada com a duração das crises convulsivas, deve ser cuidadosamente titulada quando usada na terapia eletroconvulsiva. Abstract Background and objectives Propofol is commonly employed as a hypnotic agent to perform electroconvulsive therapy, but it exhibits also anticonvulsant properties. The main objective was to study the effect of the weight‐adjusted dose of propofol on duration of the electrical seizure. Secondary objectives were to study the effect of absolute dose of propofol on duration of electrical seizure, the effect of both absolute and weight‐adjusted doses on values of bispectral index, and the influence of blood chemistry on anticonvulsant effect. Methods After approval of the Institutional Review Board, a retrospective chart review was performed of all patients who underwent at least one electroconvulsive therapy session. Multiple lineal regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders was employed to explore the effect of propofol dosage on values of bispectral index and on duration of seizure; bivariate correlation analyses were previously performed to identify variables fulfilling confounding criteria, specifically values of Spearman's rho >0.10. Results of regression analysis were expressed as B coefficient with its 95% confident interval. Results 76 patients received 631 acute phase sessions. Propofol showed a statistically significant negative effect on duration of seizure (specifically a reduction of 4.081 s for every mg.kg−1 of propofol; CI95%: −7906 to −0.255, p = 0.037) but not on bispectral index values. Slight anemia and hypoalbuminemia were very infrequent conditions, and the anticonvulsant effect was not influenced by these parameters. Conclusions Propofol weight‐adjusted dose is negatively related to duration of seizures. It should be carefully titrated when employed to perform electroconvulsive therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. There are no significant nutritional programs, aimed at understanding the nutritional status and eating habits of the indigenous Shuar communities that generate the promotion of health programs. The most vulnerable population of the Shuar indigenous ethnic group is the infantile population; those who live in marginal rural and urban areas with limitations in health and education services due to their settlement in jungle areas of difficult access. Objective. Evaluate the nutritional status and eating habits of children from 0 to 12 years old, by analyzing anthropometric data and biochemical tests as a baseline for future community health interventions. Material and methods. It is a study with a quantitative scope of a non-experimental, transversal-descriptive nature. Nutritional clinical histories, 24-hour reminder, frequency of food consumption, as well as a comparison of anthropometric data and blood sample for quantification of capillary hematocrit were performed. Results. 21.79% of the total number of children served in the 3 indigenous communities presents Malnutrition. 6.41% of the total number of children served in the 3 indigenous communities is underweight. 1.92% of the total number of children treated in the 3 indigenous communities is overweight. Conclusions. Malnutrition is due to multiple factors, among which has been identified the intake of food with low nutritional value, socioeconomic-cultural factors and the great distances to obtain diversified food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis of samples on different equipment may lead to variation between results; in the article "Variability of hemoglobin and hematocrit determined in blood gas equipment", the authors talk about the variability of hemoglobin and hematocrit between an automated hematology analyzer and an arterial blood gas analyzer. Information is requested on some aspects considered relevant to improve the understanding of the conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the austral winter the appearance of the Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) is common on the southern coast of Brazil. The oil pollution constitutes a major cause of death of these birds. The monitoring of the weight and blood variables is important to make decisions during the rehabilitation and release of these animals. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the penguins' survival during rehabilitation and the values of hematocrit (Hct), total plasma protein (TPP) and body weight (BW) of the birds received at Centro de Recuperação de Animais Marinhos (Recovery Centre for Sea Animals) between 2006 and 2009. The analysis took place weekly, and penguins were classified according to the outcome of the rehabilitation process, when 101 specimens were rehabilitated and released, and 67 died. Released animals showed a decrease in the Hct in the second and third weeks (41±6% and 40±5% respectively) followed by recovery of the values in the fourth and fifth week (41±4% and 43±4% respectively). TPP levels increased steadily over the collections, stabilizing at 7.3±0.8g/dL in the fourth week. On the other hand, animals that died, although following the same response for TPP, showed no significant difference in Hct between collections, and showed a tendency for loss of BW in the last weeks of rehabilitation. The curves of BW and Hct during rehabilitation were considered a potential prognostic indicator of penguins in rehabilitation. Animals that arrived at the recovery centre with BW, Hct and TPP above 2.700g, 45% and 5.6 g / dL, respectively, have a greater chance of recovery, making these parameters crucial points in decision making regarding the treatment to be conducted during rehabilitation.

Introducción: Puerto Maldonado, capital del Departamento de Madre de Dios, es catalogado como zona endémica de dengue. La clasificación de dengue considera al dengue grave (hemorrágico) cuando se produce shock, distrés respiratorio o compromiso de órgano blanco. Objetivos: Determinar las características de los exámenes de laboratorio en pacientes con dengue grave hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intermedios del Hospital Santa Rosa de Puerto Maldonado, Madre de Dios, Perú. Diseño: Estudio retrospectivo de corte transversal. Institución: Laboratorio Central y Departamento de Epidemiología del Hospital Santa Rosa, Madre de Dios, Perú. Materiales: Cincuenta y cinco historias clínicas de pacientes con diagnóstico de dengue grave hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intermedios, en el periodo junio de 2010 a noviembre de 2011. Métodos: Se analizó los resultados de exámenes de laboratorio solicitados durante la hospitalización. Principales medidas de resultados: Valores de transaminasas, creatinina, hemograma completo y examen de orina. Resultados: El mayor número de pacientes con dengue grave procedió de Puerto Maldonado (84%). El grupo etario mayormente afectado fue el de 40 a 49 años (32%). En 83% de los pacientes hospitalizados se presentó elevación de las transaminasas y de la creatinina sérica. El recuento de plaquetas estuvo dentro de rangos normales, excepto en el grupo de 10 a 19 años (11%), en quienes se halló concentraciones séricas de plaquetas menores a 150 000/mL. Conclusiones: En la mayoría de pacientes hospitalizados por dengue grave en Puerto Maldonado existió elevación sérica de transaminasas y creatinina. El recuento de plaquetas fue normal, pero existió plaquetopenia en el grupo de 10 a 19 años.

Objetivo: Analisar a hemorragia no parto vaginal através dos índices de eritrócitos e hematócrito. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado em 328 partos vaginais divididos em: espontâneo, com e sem episiotomia, e parto fórceps. A amostragem foi aleatória estratificada por tipo de parto vaginal. Os dados foram coletados na internação para o parto, na alta hospitalar e no retorno puerperal. Resultados: Foram estudados 122 (37,2%) partos sem episiotomia, 147 (44,8%) com episiotomia e 59 (18,0%) com uso de fórceps e episiotomia. O valor individual de hemoglobina, entre a internação para o parto e a alta hospitalar variou de -5,9 g/dl a 0,7 g/dl.A redução da hemoglobina foi significativamente maior no parto fórceps comparado aos partos espontâneos, com e sem episiotomia, p=0,0133 e p

Copyright of Universitas Médica is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Visión Electrónica is the property of Fondo de Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose de Caldas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Matronas Profesion is the property of Ediciones Mayo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia is the property of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinaria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira is the property of Colegio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Basic blood parameters and body weight are routinely used to monitor the general condition of Magellanic penguins in rehabilitation, however, studies showing the variation profile of these parameters during the development of aspergillosis in these animals are not known. Thus, this study aimed to determine the curve of weight, hematocrit (Ht) and total plasma proteins (PPT) in penguins with aspergillosis. The study of retrospective case-control was carried out with penguins in rehabilitation in southern Brazil, and the case group was composed by penguins with aspergillosis, and the control group by healthy penguins. For the determination of the curves, data were collected from sequential samples, performed on average every seven days for a maximum period of 81 days, which underwent analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc Bonferroni. A total of 140 animals were studied (cases 50% and 50% control). Penguins with aspergillosis differed significantly from the control group in all parameters, with weight gain only in the first three collections, with stabilization or weight loss in later collections until its upshot, and progressive decline of Ht values, which were maintained below the reference value for the specie from the third to the ninth and final collection, and progressive increase of PPT values during the experimental period, with a significant difference since the sixth collection in the control group. The establishment of this profile in penguins with aspergillosis can serve as an indicator of poor prognosis of these animals in captivity, and as a parameter for early preemptive therapy for aspergillosis or more specific diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Veterinaria Brasilica is the property of Acta Veterinaria Brasilica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth and the stress levels of juvenile dourado (Salminus brasiliensis) cultivated in cages. Fish stocked at densities of 15 (D15) and 30 (D30) fish per square meter were evaluated in a completely randomized design with three replicates. Fish were fed twice a day with extruded ration (42% crude protein). Density influenced only biomass and daily food intake, and glucose and lactate concentrations increased over time. D15 and D30 did not influence the growth of dourado. However, the increase of glucose and lactate levels over time indicates that cultivation in cages is a stressful condition for this species.